【高考英語(yǔ)】名詞性從句講解模版課件

1、名詞性從句Related Conception (相關(guān)概念)1.名詞:表示人或事物的名稱(chēng)的詞叫名詞。2.名詞在句子當(dāng)中一般可以作什么成分?名詞在句中主要作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)和同位語(yǔ)。The boy is li Ming.主語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)Mr. Liang , a 24-year-old boy, teaches us English .主語(yǔ)同位語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)在英語(yǔ)的句子結(jié)構(gòu)中，本來(lái)該由名詞充當(dāng)?shù)闹髡Z(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)和同位語(yǔ)，由一個(gè)句子來(lái)充當(dāng),這個(gè)句子就叫名詞性從句。什么是名詞性從句?名詞性從句主語(yǔ)從句 ( The Subject Clause)賓語(yǔ)從句 ( The Object Clause) 表語(yǔ)從句 ( The

2、 Predicative Clause)同位語(yǔ)從句 ( The Appositive Clause)請(qǐng)判斷出以下的句子哪局部是從句, 并判斷屬于哪種從句:1. What I want to do is taking a bath.2. The news that they won the game spread the whole school.3. I dont think (that) he is an honest boy.4. The fact is that he stole the car.5. Do you know the fact that he stole the car?

3、6. Do you know the man who is standing over there?7. It is said that they won the game.(主從)(同位語(yǔ)從句)(賓從)(表從)(同位語(yǔ)從句)(定從)(主從)引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連接詞I really feel that he needs more experience.I want to know whether/if she still lives here.What she said is not true.Who broke the window has not been found out.He aske

4、d whose handwriting is the best in our class.That is why she left home yesterday.Have you heard the news that Mary will be back soon?8. I will give it to whoever needs it.9. It is unwise to give your child whatever he wants.10. Ive just bought five new books; you can take whichever book you like. Sh

5、e said (that) she is going to learn English.I want to know whether/if she still lives there.I dont know who all these people are.She wants to know which film I like best.Please tell me where she lives.I am not interested in what he is doing. I am certain that he is at home now.I am afraid he wont co

6、me on time. 賓語(yǔ)從句在句中充當(dāng)及物動(dòng)詞, 介詞或某些形容詞賓語(yǔ)的句子叫做賓語(yǔ)從句。賓語(yǔ)從句 I dont know that you will come here.注意：that在從句中不充當(dāng)任何成分，在口語(yǔ)或非正式的文體中常常被省去。但如果從句是并列句時(shí),第二個(gè)及以后的分句前that不可省. We all agreed (that) it would be a mistake not to take his advise. We all think (that) she is working hard and that she will surely go to a good c

7、ollege.我不知道他來(lái)不來(lái)。我想知道他來(lái)還是不來(lái)。你們是在談?wù)撝麃?lái)還是不來(lái)嗎？他不在乎天氣是否好。I dont know whether/if he will come.I want to know whether he will come or not.Are you talking about whether he will come?He doesnt care if it isnt a fine day.注意：在賓語(yǔ)從句中，表示“是否既可以用whether,也可以用if.但是，whether常與or not連用；作介詞賓語(yǔ)只用whether; 從句是否認(rèn)句時(shí)一般用if。用適宜的連

8、接詞填空1. Wang Hai told me _ he didnt go cycling yesterday afternoon.how, why2. Can you tell me _ else is going to be on duty today?who, whom3. She said _ it wouldnt matter much.that, if4. He always thinks _ he can do better.how, who5. I really dont know _ the bridge will be finished.how long, how soon

9、whywhothathowhow soon6. They dont know _ we are going hiking.7. She wanted to know _ her coat would be ready the next day.8. I was really surprised at _ I saw.9. I dont know _ so many people crowding round him10. Do you know _ shirt it is?if/whetherif/whetherwhatwhywhose賓語(yǔ)從句中的否認(rèn)轉(zhuǎn)移我認(rèn)為他不會(huì)來(lái)這里.I think h

10、e wont come here. ( )I dont think he will come here. ( )注意：如果賓語(yǔ)從句是由think, believe, imagine, suppose等詞引導(dǎo)的時(shí)候，要將從句中的否認(rèn)形式轉(zhuǎn)移到主句中去。我認(rèn)為他不會(huì)對(duì)我撒謊的.I dont think he will lie to me.我認(rèn)為我們不應(yīng)該借錢(qián)給他.I dont think we should lend him money.賓語(yǔ)從句中用it作形式賓語(yǔ) We think it our duty that we should help others. I find it impossib

11、le that he should finish the work in two days.注意：如果主句中有形容詞或名詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)，一般用it來(lái)作形式賓語(yǔ)，把從句放在賓補(bǔ)后面。that不能省.believe, consider, feel, find, make, think他們覺(jué)得要在兩天內(nèi)完成工作是困難的.我們認(rèn)為每個(gè)人都保護(hù)環(huán)境是重要的.他把每天早上鍛煉身體做為一個(gè)規(guī)定.賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)序Could you tell me if it _ tomorrow? A. rains B. is raining C. will rain D. rain 2. The teacher to

12、ld his students the sun_ in the east. A. rise B. rises C. rose D. risen 3. Peter knew _. A. whether he has finished reading the book B. why the boy had so many questions C. there were 12 months in a year D. when they will leave for Paris 4. Could you tell me _? A. where is the nearest railway statio

13、n B. where the nearest railway station was C. where the nearest railway station is D. where was the nearest railway station 5. I really dont know if she _ it when she _. A. finds/ arrives B. finds/ will arrive C. will find/ will arrive D. will find/ arrives6. Where do you think _ he _ the TV set? So

14、rry, Ive no idea. A./, bought B. has, bought C. did, buy D. did bought7. Can you tell me _? A. whats the matter with him B. what the matter with him is C. what happened with him D. what with him happened 賓語(yǔ)從句中謂語(yǔ)用should do的情況:The general ordered that troops (should) set off at once.He suggested that

15、we (should) all buy dictionaries.I insisted that he (should) apologize to me. 句型轉(zhuǎn)換1. When does the train arrive? Please tell me.改為賓語(yǔ)從句 Please tell me _ _ _ _.2. What does he do? Do you know? 改為賓語(yǔ)從句 Do you know _ he _?3. Do they want fried chicken? He asked the boys. 改為賓語(yǔ)從句 He asked the boys _ they _

16、 fried chicken.whenthetrainarriveswhatdoesif/whetherwanted4. Was the watch made in Shanghai? I dont know. 改為賓語(yǔ)從句 I dont know _ the watch _ made in Shanghai.5. “Do you want to try something new? Toms mother asked him. 同義句 Toms mother asked him _ _ _ to try something new.if/whetherwasif/whetherhewante

17、d6. I think this is a good idea.改為否認(rèn)句 I _ _ this _ a good idea.7. Lucy hasnt decided which trousers to buy.改為復(fù)合句 Lucy hasnt decided _ _ _ _ buy.8. I dont know how I can get to the hospital.改為簡(jiǎn)單句 I dont know _ _ _ to the hospital.dontthinkiswhichtrousersshewillhowtoget表語(yǔ)從句在句中充當(dāng)表語(yǔ)的從句(即放在be動(dòng)詞后面)叫做表語(yǔ)從句。

18、我們的目的是他能認(rèn)識(shí)到錯(cuò)誤。Our purpose is that he can realize his faults.注意：引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句的連接詞一般不省略。問(wèn)題是它是否值得做。The question is whether it is worth doing.注意：表語(yǔ)從句表示“是否 只用“whether 而不用“if試區(qū)分以下句子Is this museum what you visited?Is this the museum that you visited?Is this museum the one that you visited?注意：這種句子考試時(shí)一定要記住這句話：名詞前尤其

19、是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前一定要有限定詞。然后把句子變換成陳述句，接著判斷句子是屬于哪種從句再完成。(表從)(定從)(定從)It appears that they are in need of help.It happened that he had no money on him.It seems that he doesnt like living here.It turned out that two people had been killed in the accident.That house is _ the garden tools are stored.The reason I do

20、nt want to go there is _ Ive just got a new job here.That was _ they had made the mistake.Everything in the room is _ it was ten years ago.The dream Jack has in mind is _ he will become a scientist in the future. wherethathowwhatthat6. What we care about is _ it will be a fine day tomorrow.7. That w

21、as _ they didnt pay much attention to the teacher in class.8. My opinion is _ everyone of us takes out $5 for Janes birthday present.9. The problem is _ we can be allowed to stay out at such a late hour.10. Her explanation is _ she used to live in the country and she knows it better than us. whether

22、whythatwhetherthat問(wèn)題是誰(shuí)能幫我學(xué)英語(yǔ).這就是她不愿意出國(guó)留學(xué)的原因.那就是我要告訴你的.問(wèn)題是他是否會(huì)同意這個(gè)建議.The question is who can help me with my English.That is why she is unwilling to study abroad.That is what I will tell you.The question is whether he will agree with the suggestion.在句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)的從句叫做主語(yǔ)從句。他星期三來(lái)這里是肯定的。 he will come here on W

23、ednesday is certain.他星期三是否來(lái)這里還不肯定的。 he will come here on Wednesday is not certain.That主語(yǔ)從句 Whether What he said is not true.Who broke the window has not been found out.How he escaped is still a mystery.Whom she borrowed money from still puzzled him. Exercise 1_ she said puzzled him._ she said such a

24、 thing puzzled him._ we should send to take part in the party is to be discussed._ they dont want to drop the plan is clear._ he finished the work in so short time remains a question. _ it is going to snow this evening is not certain.WhatWhy Whom/whoThatHowWhetherExercise 2_ (她離開(kāi)他) cut him to the cu

25、t._ (月球上沒(méi)有生命) is known to all._ (我在會(huì)議上說(shuō)的) must be kept secret._ (是否這件事是真的) remains a question._ (我們什么時(shí)候開(kāi)會(huì)) is to be discussed.That she left him That there is no life on the moon What I said at the meetingWhether it is trueWhen we will have the meetingThat he cant attend the party is a pity. It is a

26、pity that he cant attend the party.How much money is needed is hard to say. It is hard to say how much money is needed. That the moon moves around the earth is known to all. It is known to all that the moon moves around the earth. it 做形式主語(yǔ) It + be + 形容詞 that從句It is necessary that 有必要It is important

27、that . 重要的是It is obvious that 很明顯It + be + -ed分詞 that從句It is believed that 人們相信It is known to us/all that . 眾所周知It has been decided that 已經(jīng)決定用it形式主語(yǔ)的that從句有以下四種不同的搭配：It + be + 名詞 that從句It is common knowledge that 是常識(shí)It is a surprise that . 令人驚奇的是It is a fact that 事實(shí)是It + 不及物動(dòng)詞 that從句It appears that

28、似乎It happens that . 碰巧It occurred to me that 我突然想起Exercise 3It is a wonder _ you werent injured.It is still unknown _ and _ this took place.It makes no difference to me _ he is rich or poor.It is not yet decided _ is to take her place as secretary.It is said _ this plaza has 15 cinemas.It doesnt mat

29、ter _ you are going to do it.thatwhenwherewhetherwhothatwhetherExercise 4你昨天錯(cuò)過(guò)了這部新的電影，真是太遺憾了。他們將要在這里建一個(gè)新的醫(yī)院是真的嗎？據(jù)說(shuō)我們清明節(jié)要放三天假。4. 他是否掙很多很多錢(qián)對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)并不重要。It is a pity that you missed the new movie yesterday.Is it true that they are going to set up a new hospital here?It is said that well take three days off

30、 on Tomb Sweeping Day.It isnt important to me whether he can make a lot of money.同位語(yǔ)從句在句中用作同位語(yǔ)的從句叫做同位語(yǔ)從句。同位語(yǔ)從句一般放在如idea, news, fact, promise, suggestion, belief, truth等含有豐富內(nèi)涵的抽象的詞語(yǔ)后面，用來(lái)說(shuō)明前面那個(gè)詞的具體內(nèi)容。一般說(shuō)來(lái)，同位語(yǔ)從句都用that來(lái)作連接詞，而且不能省略。也可用how, when, where等。他給了她一個(gè)承諾，他會(huì)在兩個(gè)月后回來(lái)。He gave her a promise that he wou

31、ld come back after two months.試區(qū)分以下句子Do you know the fact that he stole the car?Do you know the fact that they were talking about?注意：1. 如果是定語(yǔ)從句，它的從句肯定是不完整的，關(guān)系詞肯定在句中充當(dāng)成分的；而同位語(yǔ)從句中的that只起連接作用。 2. 定語(yǔ)從句是對(duì)先行詞起修飾作用，而同位語(yǔ)從句那么解釋說(shuō)明先行詞的具體內(nèi)容。(同從)(定從)Tell the difference1.The news that the plane would take off on

32、time made everybody happy.2.The news that is spreading around the airport is that a heavy storm is coming.3.The suggestion that students should learn something practical is worth considering.4.The suggestion that they are considering is that students should learn something practical.同位語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)

33、從句表語(yǔ)從句表語(yǔ)從句 The suggestion _is worth considering. 學(xué)生應(yīng)該學(xué)些實(shí)用的東西的建議值得考慮。that students should learn something practical Dad made a promise _ _that he would buy _me CD player if I passed the English test. 爸爸承諾如果我通過(guò)英語(yǔ)考試就會(huì)給我買(mǎi) 一個(gè)CD機(jī)。他建議我們走著去那兒是可以被接受的。(proposal)很多老師都持有一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)：青少年不應(yīng)該花費(fèi)太多時(shí)間上網(wǎng)。(hold a view) Many te

34、achers hold the view that teenagers should not spend too much time online.你知道我們幾點(diǎn)開(kāi)會(huì)嗎？(idea) 他借口說(shuō)他的車(chē)壞在半路了。(make an excuse) His proposal that we go there on foot is acceptable. Do you have any idea when we will have the meeting. He made an excuse that his car broke down on the half way.1.The question is _the film is worth seeing. A. if B. what C. whether D. how 2.They received orders _ the work be done at once. A .which B. when C. / D .that 3.The reason _ I have to go is _ my mother is