人教初一上冊英語語法講解及練習名補教案on和in等方位介詞和短語

1、.*;初一上冊英語補習班名補教案目的進步班 名師培優(yōu)精講【教學標題】 on和in等常用方位介詞和短語【教學重點】掌握方位介詞的含義并熟記；介詞on和in的區(qū)別點。【教學難點】under和below 的區(qū)別；between和among的區(qū)別；拓展方位詞語的應(yīng)用?！具M門得分】. 把以下詞組翻譯成英語。1. 在沙發(fā)上_2. 在桌子底下_3.在你的背包里_4. 在抽屜里_5. 在教室外部前面_【教學內(nèi)容】1. on介詞on表示“在某物之上的意思，它通常表示一個物體在另一個物體之外表上面。兩者之間有接觸。例如：Your book is on the desk. 你的書在課桌上面。 There is a

2、ball on the floor. 地板上有個球。拓展：above 和 over的區(qū)別 on指的有接觸面的上面，但是over和above都是沒有接觸面的上面。over“在正上方，與under相對。例如：There is a bridge over the river. 河上有一座橋。 The picture is hanging over the blackboard. 那張圖掛在黑板的正上方。above只表示“在上方或位置高出，不一定是正上方，與below相對。例如：A plane flew above our heads. 一架飛機從我們頭上飛過。 The Turners live ab

3、ove us. 特納一家人住在我們的上面。2. in介詞in表示“在某物的里面，它通常表示一個物體在另外一個物體的內(nèi)部、中間或者在某個范圍之內(nèi)。例如：Your pen is in the pencil case. 你的鋼筆在鉛筆盒里面。 She is the tallest in her class. 她是她們班最高的。3. under介詞under表示“在某物的下面，它通常表示一個物體在另外一個物體的垂直正下面，兩者之間沒有接觸。例如：My bike is under the tree. 我的自行車在樹的下面。 The shoes are under the chair. 鞋在椅子的下面。拓

4、展：under和below 的區(qū)別under表示“在之下，通常表示位置處于正下方，與介詞over“在上方相對應(yīng)。例如：There is a book under the table. 桌子下面有一本書。 Acatissittingunderthetable.一只貓在桌子下面。below表示“在之下，“在的下游，與介詞above相對應(yīng)，常指在某物體之下，但不一定在該物的正下方。例如：Heisbelowtheaverageatschool.他的學習成績在水準以下。 He looked down at the hall below.他瞧了瞧下面的大廳。4. behind介詞behind表示“在某物的

5、后面，它通常表示一個物體在另外一個物體的后面。例如：Your brother is behind the tree. 你的弟弟在樹的后面。 She is standing behind her mother. 她站在她媽媽的后面。5. next tonext to是由形容詞next和介詞to構(gòu)成的介詞短語表示“緊挨著、在某物的旁邊的意思。例如：The table is next to the wall. 桌子緊挨著墻。6. between介詞between表示某個物體、某人位于兩者之間，通常表示一個人、物處于另外兩個人、物之間。例如：Your desk is between the door

6、and the window. 你的課桌位于門和窗戶之間。 Lily sits between Mary and Ann. 麗麗坐在瑪麗和安中間。拓展：between和among的區(qū)別between指兩者之間, among指三者或三者以上的人或物之間。例如：The teacher is among the students.老師在學生們中間。7. outsideoutside指“在外面例如：There are many people outside the room. 房間外有很多人。 What did you see outside the hall? 你在大廳外看見了什么？8near ne

7、ar在附近，與far相對例如：A hospital was built near the railway station.在火車站附近建了一所醫(yī)院。 My home is near the school. 我的家離學校很近。9in front of, in the front of in front of在前面 , in the front of表示“在前部，指里面。例如：A river flows in front of the house.房子前有一條河。 There is a boy in the front of the car. 車的前座坐著一個小男孩。10. aroundaroun

8、d在周圍，圍繞 例如：There are many trees around the village.村子周圍有很多樹圍繞。 There are flowers around the stage. 舞臺周圍擺著鮮花。11. at “at意為“在，可以用在地點前也可以用在時間前。 例如：Lets meet at the school gate. 我們在學校門口見面吧。 I get up at seven oclock. 我七點起床?！具^手練習】. 單項選那么。1. Your computer is _ to the door.A. behind B. on C. in D. next2 The

9、map is _ the wall _ our classroom.A. on; on B. of; on C. on; at D. on; of3 Look! The window is _ the wall and the picture is _ the wall.A. on; on B. in; in C. in; on D. on; in4 Where is my ball? I cant see it. Look! Its _ the door.A. on B. in C. at D. behind5. Sally is very happy. There is a big smi

10、le _ her face. A. on B. to C. in D. at6. My father is ill 生病, He is _. A. in bed B. in the bed C. on bed D. on the bed7. There is a map of China _ the wall in the classroom. A. in B. on C. under D. at8. There are three windows _ the wall.Ain B. on C. at D. to9. There are many oranges _ the tree. A b

11、ird _ the tree is eating an orange. A. in; on B. on; on C. in; in D. on; in10. What time do you usually go to bed? I usually go to bed _ 11:00. A. in B. on C. at D. for11. We can see _ old bike _ the tree. A. a; under B. the; at C. an; in D. an; under12. My hats and coats are _. A. on the bed B. und

12、er desk C. in room D. under the my bed13. He put up a map _ the back wall because there was a hole _ it.A. on; on B. at; in C. on; in D. on; at14. Dont read _ the sun. A. at B. under C. with D. in15. The boat is passing_ the bridge.A. through B. below C. under D. across【真題鏈接】1. My green ring is in t

13、he room. What about yours? _.A. Its red B. Its on the table C. Its Alices 2. There are 30 classrooms _ our school. Mine is _ the second floor. A. on; in B. in; in C. in; on D. on; on 3. I have a friend and my friend is _ China.A. in B. at C. on D. under【拓展訓練】III. 用適當?shù)慕樵~填空。1. A boy is _ the tree. 2.

14、Can you pick摘 the apples _ the tree?3. There is a picture _ the wall.4. There are two windows _ the wall.5. I live _ Shanghai.【課后作業(yè)】. 閱讀短文答復以下問題。Toms room Its small but nice. A computer and some CDs are on the desk. His backpack is on the wall. The ID card is on his bed. The shoes are under the bed.

15、 A baseball is on the floor. Sallys roomIts very nice. The new pictures are on the wall. Her desk is near the window. Some flowers are on the desk. Where is her schoolbag? Oh, its on the chair. We cant see a hat on the bed, but we can see Mimi, her cat.The twins room Its big and nice. Two pencil cas

16、es are on the desk. Many books are on the bookcase. Its a big bed near the bookcase. One backpack is on the floor, and the other is on the chair. The jackets are behind the door. A picture of their father and mother is on the wall.Toms ID card is _ his bed, and his shoes are _ the bed.Sallys cat is

17、_ her bed. Her schoolbag is _ the chair.The bookcase is _ the twins room. The big bed is _ the door.Two pencil cases are _ the chair in the twins room. A picture of the twins parents is_ the wall.【答案與解析】. 把以下詞組翻譯成英語。1. on the sofa 2. under the table 3. in your backpack 4. in the drawer 5. in front o

18、f the classroom. 單項選擇。1. D。本句子是考察介詞的用法，但是，介詞behind，on，in的后面用冠詞the和名詞、冠詞、介詞短語，不和to連用，所以本句子是用形容詞next和to連用表示“緊挨著、在旁邊的意思。2. D。本句子用介詞on和冠詞the，名詞wall構(gòu)成介詞短語表示“在墻上的意思，后面用介詞of構(gòu)成名詞所有格，表示所屬關(guān)系，表示無生命的名詞所有格的形式用of，而不用s形式。3. C。本句子是考察介詞的用法，表示在某物的外表之上用介詞on；表示在某物內(nèi)部用介詞in。窗戶是在墻的里面所以用介詞in；畫是貼在墻的外表上，與墻接觸，所以用介詞on。4. D。從對話前面的句子I cant see it.和問句可以判斷后面的句子是用介詞behind表示“在門的后面，所以選擇D是比較符合對話的上下句子意思和情景。 5. A。句意：“Sally 非常開心，她臉