虛擬語氣用法講解課件

1、(最新整理)虛擬語氣用法講解2021/7/261The Subjunctive Mood虛 擬 語 氣GrammarHe has Day dreaming 2021/7/262英語中的三種語氣陳述語氣：用于陳述事實(shí)。祈使語氣：用于提出請求、命令等。虛擬語氣：表示說話人說的不是事實(shí)而是一種假設(shè)、猜想等。表示說話人的愿望、要求、命令、建議等。2021/7/263一.虛擬語氣在條件從句中的用法條件句有兩類，一類是真實(shí)條件句，一類是虛擬條件句。（1）真實(shí)條件句：假設(shè)的情況是有可能發(fā)生的。If it doesnt rain tomorrow, we will go to the park.（2）虛擬條件

2、句：假設(shè)的情況是過去或現(xiàn)在都不存在的，或?qū)矶疾豢赡馨l(fā)生的。If he had seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it.2021/7/2641.與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反從句-過去式(be通常用were)，主句-should (would, could, might)+動(dòng)詞原形”：If I knew her number I could ring her up. If he were free, he would help us. Should用于第一三人稱would表示結(jié)果，might表示可能性，could表示能力、允許或可能性 2021

3、/7/265If I had a lot of money I would buy a villa.2021/7/2661.如果我是只鳥，我就能在天上飛了。 I f I were a bird, I could fly in the sky.2.If I _(有) a knife，I _(就殺了) you。hadwould kill2021/7/2672.與將來事實(shí)相反或?qū)淼脑竿茰y從句-did /should +do /were to do主句-should/ would/ could/ might +do 2021/7/268If he got up early, he would be

4、 on time.2021/7/2693、與過去事實(shí)相反從句had done主句should/ would/ could/ might +have done2021/7/2610If he _ more carefully, he _ the car accident yesterday.had driven would not have had 2021/7/2611虛擬語氣在條件狀語從句中的用法總結(jié)時(shí)態(tài)If 從句的謂語形式主句的謂語形式現(xiàn)在過去未來did / werewould/could/should/might +V.(原)would/could/should/might+have+p

5、.p.1. did / were2. should do3. were to dowould/could/should/might + V.(原)had done2021/7/2612二： 交叉虛擬 主從句動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間不同時(shí)，按時(shí)間來確定虛擬形式。If the weather had been better, the crops would be growing still better.2021/7/2613If it were not for your advice, we couldnt have got over the difficulties.Were it not for yo

6、ur advice, we couldnt have got over the difficulties.2021/7/2614當(dāng)If條件句中有were, had, should這三個(gè)助動(dòng)詞時(shí)，可將If省略，從而將這三個(gè)助動(dòng)詞放到句首。2021/7/2615without和but for 構(gòu)成虛擬。(but for要不是)Without sunlight, peoples life would be difficult .But for your help, I wouldnt have finished the work.2021/7/2616 otherwise, or, or else等

7、的虛擬用法 She wasnt feeling very well. Otherwise she wouldnt have left the meeting so early.2021/7/2617高考鏈接：Jack cant have arrived yet, otherwise he _ me. would phoned B. phonedC. would have phoned D. had phoned2021/7/2618三、虛擬語氣在名詞從句中的用法 A.用于賓語從句 wish + 賓語從句現(xiàn)在：過去：將來：過去時(shí) (did/were)過去完成時(shí) (had done)would/c

8、ould/might/should+V. 2021/7/26192. would rather -現(xiàn)在：過去：未來：I would rather you paid me now. (現(xiàn)在)I would rather you had gone, too. (過去)Dont come. I would rather you came tomorrow. (未來)過去時(shí)過去時(shí)過去完成時(shí)2021/7/2620Would/had rather (not) have done sth寧愿過去（沒）做了某事2021/7/2621一個(gè)堅(jiān)持：insist兩個(gè)命令：order, command三個(gè)建議：advi

9、se, suggest, propose四個(gè)要求：demand, require, request, desire從句謂語動(dòng)詞使用“（should）+V原形”2021/7/2622He suggested that we (should) go home at once.如果suggest表示“暗示，表明”、insist表示“堅(jiān)持說/認(rèn)為”時(shí)，從句用陳述語氣。2021/7/2623主句的主語如果是表示說話人的愿望（wish/desire）建議（suggestion/advice/proposal）要求（requirement/demand）命令（order/command）等名詞，表語從句謂語

10、動(dòng)詞用“（should）+V原形”2021/7/2624Our suggestion is that you (should) be there on time.2021/7/2625虛擬語氣在同位語從句中的使用如果同位語從句所修飾的名詞是表示說話人的愿望，建議，要求，命令等名詞時(shí)。從句謂語動(dòng)詞用“（should）+V原形”2021/7/2626The suggestion that students (should) learn something practical is worth considering.2021/7/2627在句型“Its necessary /strange/ na

11、tural/ important/vital + that ”從句的動(dòng)詞要用虛擬，即使用(should)+動(dòng)詞原形虛擬語氣在主語從句中的使用2021/7/2628Its necessary that we should have a walk now.2021/7/2629考題點(diǎn)擊：1. Is it necessary that he _ the examination?A. took B. have to take C. must take D. takeDHis suggestion that you _ once more sounds reasonable.A. try B. trie

12、s C. must try D. can tryA2021/7/2630在as if/ though引導(dǎo)的從句中，若表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反，用一般過去時(shí)，與過去事實(shí)相反，用過去完成時(shí)。虛擬語氣在as if/ though從句中的使用2021/7/2631She looked after the boy as if he were her own son.2021/7/2632用于If only 引導(dǎo)的感嘆句 （用法同wish）if only 通常獨(dú)立使用，沒有主句。 2021/7/2633If only I were rich. If only I had listened to my parents! If only she would go with me! 2021/7/2634在句型“Its amazing/ strange/ surprising/ astonishing/ a shame that”以及“Im surprised