洲際新標(biāo)準(zhǔn)301-400

1、ENGINEERING STANDARDS SECTION 5 - PLUMBING Fixture Type2Minimum Size Connection2 ColdHotWater Closet:Flush ValveTank28mm (1”) 12mm (3/8”) 1.For supply outlets likely to impose continuous demands, estimate the continuous supply separately andadd to the total demand for fixtures.2.For fixtures not lis

2、ted, weights may be assumed by comparing the fixture to a listed one, using water insimilar quantities and at similar rates.3. Where both hot and cold-water are supplied to a feature. The weights for maximum separate demands may be taken as seventy-five (75) percent of the listed demand for the supp

3、ly. 4. Shower over bathtub included in bathtub sizing. Ignore demands for service (cleaners) sinks, except for hot water supply, and that for the cold water branch to the fixture itself. Other fixtures, used out of hours, may be treated similarly. . Materials The materials used in the various

4、 piping systems shall be as follows: Cast Iron Water Pipe (C.I.W.P.) Mechanically jointed cast or spun iron, suitable for potable water supply and suitable for high pressures. The pipework and fittings shall be suitable for burial below ground only. Copper Tubing (C.T.) - (in pressure systems) Seaml

5、ess drawn or extruded tubing with lead-free solder joints and non-dezincifiable Fittings or mechanical joints. Pipework and fittings shall be suitable for use with potable water. Polyvinyl Chloride Pipe (P.V.C.). PolybutelyneInterContinental Hotels Group - Asia Pacific2009-REV-01 All Rights Reserved

6、282 ENGINEERING STANDARDS SECTION 5 - PLUMBING Rigid, unplasticized, normal impact pipe, with welded, push-fit or mechanical joints suitable for high pressure supplies. (Acoustic requirements should be noted when PVC is used) Steel Pipe (Stl.) Steel pipes and malleable iron screwed fittings of mediu

7、m weight, hot dipped galvanized shall be covered in water-proof wrappings if buried below ground, to inhibit corrosion. Stainless Steel (SS). Stainless steel pipework and fittings may be used where high quality finishes are required. Push fit or mechanical joints shall be suitable for pressures to b

8、e imposed on the system. .1 Piping Schedule Materials for water supply systems shall be selected on the basis of the corrosive or scale forming tendencies of the water. In general, the following materials should be used. Where water characteristics indicate that less expensive materials may b

9、e satisfactory, a water analysis containing all pertinent information shall be submitted to IHG for a ruling. ServiceSizeMaterialColdAllCT, PB/PPHotAllCT, PB/PPBuried cold waterAllCIWP, PBsupply Zero-hardnesswaterAllPVC, PPcold/hot / StandpipeAllB.S.SprinklersAllB.S.Fountains(Decorative)AllPVC, PPLa

10、wn Sprinkler ToTo 65mm (2”)PVC, PP75mm (3”) and UpCIWPSwimming PoolsAllPVC, PPNote: Cold water supplies to boilers, kitchen and laundry with hardness levels less than 50ppm should be polybutylene only. 50ppmInterContinental Hotels Group - Asia Pacific2009-REV-01 All Rights Reserved283 ENGINEERING ST

11、ANDARDS SECTION 5 - PLUMBING .2 Irrigation Irrigation sprinkler heads shall be completely made of brass, shall be of the disappearing (pop-up) type, shall be stationary or rotating action, full or partial circle. They shall be flush with the ground when not in operation. The sprinkler heads s

12、hall be connected to the water branch piping, using three elbows and nipples to form a swing joint. The horizontal nipple shall be at least 200mm in length to provide for adjustment of sprinkler to grade. A preferred alternative system of irrigation is “l(fā)eaky-pipe” which distributes water below grou

13、nd directly to planting beds, trees, etc. Systems shall be zoned, automatically controlled by solenoid actuated diaphragm valves and an automatic timer. Water should be supplied form the non-potable water system. The system shall monitor soil humidity and rainfall and irrigate accordingly. Pitch pip

14、ing in areas where pipe is subject to freezing, for drainage purposes. .3 Hot Water Heaters Each heater shall, as a minimum, be equipped with the following: Handhole Vacuum breaker (if copper lined) Pressure relief valve High temperature alarm actuated when water temperature exceeds 66C. Wire

15、d to the Engineers alarm panel. .4 Insulation General Insulation shall be installed by Contractors specializing in this type of work. Materials shall have fire retardant non-toxic qualities. All insulation jackets, facings, membrane, adhesives, mastics, coatings and accessory materials shall

16、be non-hazardous, non-flammable and durable.InterContinental Hotels Group - Asia Pacific2009-REV-01 All Rights Reserved284 ENGINEERING STANDARDS SECTION 5 - PLUMBING The ratings for insulation with factory applied jackets or facings shall be on a composite basis of insulation, jacket or facing, and

17、the adhesive used to adhere the jacket or facing to the insulation. Hot pipe insulation may be fastened with staples, but all cold pipes must include vapor barrier and be sealed. For cold piping, insulation shall be sealed off at valves, fittings, flanges and at each 6 meters 0.02w/mK of continuous

18、run. Insulation shall be fiberglass, minimum of density. Premolded fittings shall be used, or if unavailable, mitered sections or built-up blanket insulation shall be used. Hot service application may utilize insulating cement. On cold water applications, continuous vapor barrier is required. Insula

19、tion shall be fastened in concealed locations with aluminum bands or soft annealed wires and shall be fastened in exposed locations with aluminum bands, 300mm o.c. 300mm o.c Insulation must be carried through or around hangers. For cold pipes, if insulation is carried around hangers, the space aroun

20、d hanger must be sealed. Insulation exposed to weather must be additionally protected with weatherproof jacketing. Equipment, such as tanks, shall be insulated with fibre glass board and finished with open weave glass cloth and finish coats of adhesive. Thickness of applied insulation must conform t

21、o local energy codes. Insulation Schedule (Minimum Requirements)Pipings MaterialCold Water Mains and BranchesCold Water Risers (Including Pump Discharge)Cold Water Fixture RisersCold Water Fixture Branches in Pipe Spaces Cold Water Fixture Branches, ExposedCold Water Fixture Branches above CeilingsF

22、ibre Glass Thickness, mm20mm20mm20mm20mm20mm20mm SUBJECT TO EVALUATION OF WATER TEMPERATURES AND DEW POINTS.Hot Water and Hot Water Circulating15mmRisersDesign Engineer to evaluate heatlosses vs. circulation required, vs.InterContinental Hotels Group - Asia Pacific2009-REV-01 All Rights Reserved285

23、ENGINEERING STANDARDS SECTION 5 - PLUMBINGPipings MaterialHot Water Fixture Branches, ExposedHot Water Fixture Branches in Pipe SpacesPiping Systems EquipmentHot Water PreheatersHot Water HeatersCold Water Pneumatic TanksCold Water MetersFibre Glass Thickness, mmincrease in insulation thickness. Min

24、imum thickness 15mm15mm15mm15mmDensity of Fibre Glass Board38mm at 0.040 w/m/K.38mm at 0.040 w/m/K.Vaporsealed38mm at0.040w/m/K.Fibre glass with foil facings, and with an open weave glass cloth jacket sealed, 38mm at 0.040w/m/K38mmat 0.040 w/m/K .5Drain at lowest pointDistribution shall be as

25、 described under “Potable Water System” (see 5.02 above).Provide piped expansion loops or offsets at approximately30 meter(100ft) intervalsforexpansion purposes.Provide air vents at the high point of system and at inversely trapped points. 5.1.6. ENVIRONMENT & ENERGY CONSERVATION Water consumption s

26、hall not exceed 410/560 liters/guest for hotels without/with laundry. This can be achieved by incorporating design efficiency as follows: 1. Consider using upstream water flow and pressure control devices such as “JEMFLO” on all faucets. Restrictor type device mounted downstream from the faucet is n

27、ot permitted. 2. Where city water supply pressure is constant and adequate connect directly to lower floors of service and public areas. Higher pressure zones shall have their own dedicated variable speed pumping zone, one for each zone and without the use of pressure reducers. Maximum pressure is 5

28、 bar/ zone.InterContinental Hotels Group - Asia Pacific2009-REV-01 All Rights Reserved286 ENGINEERING STANDARDS SECTION 5 - PLUMBING 3.Fixtures and appliances in guestrooms, public toilets, health facilities, service areas and staffchanging rooms shall limit flow to:Wash basins: 6.8litres/min by use

29、 of flow control or aerator Showers: 6.8litres/min by use of flow control (maximum 9litres/min) Staff showers: 6.8litres/min by use of flow control (maximum 9litres/min) Toilets: double action levers: 3/6litres/flush or high pressure 6litre/flush Urinals: Proximity devices. 2litres/flush (maximum 4l

30、itres/flush) 4.Recycle grey water from hand washbasins, bathtubs, sauna basin, laundry etc. for re-use in toilets,cooling towers and irrigation only. Recover rain.5. Centralised kitchen operations. Function areas/ restaurants to be served centrally as much as possible. Avoid multiple outlets with th

31、eir own kitchen each. 6. Provide water efficient dish/glasswashers. 7. Water treatment: filter backwash cycles shall be automatic and limit water quantity by recovering 90% of all water. This requires secondary treatment with high efficiency membrane filters and disinfection to feed back. 8. Garden

32、irrigation systems shall be automatic, based on moisture content of the soil and tailored to actual need of selected plants. Programme to function primarily at night. Avoid open spray type irrigation, as much water is evaporated. 5.1.7.SPACE ALLOCATION. Schedule of Plantroom Area RequirementI

33、temSpace AllocationWater meterBased on size of meter and valve arrangementIncoming supplyBased on valve arrangementWater storageBased on N of roomsInterContinental Hotels Group - Asia Pacific2009-REV-01 All Rights Reserved287 ENGINEERING STANDARDS SECTION 5 - PLUMBING Salts storage for water treatme

34、nt Based on specialists requirements/frequency of deliveries, etc/Services voids in ceilings and risers shall be allotted to accommodate water supply to buildings. 5.1.8. COMMISSIONING & TESTING All systems should be fully tested and operational prior to turnover to IHG. Copies of all records must b

35、e given to hotel Chief Engineer. Demonstration of system performance and instruction to IHG personnel shall be included. Unless otherwise dictated by Code or authorities having jurisdiction, test piping systems as follows: Test all interior water distribution systems to a pressure of at least one an

36、d a half times their normal operating static or street main pressure. Run test for two hours with no loss in pressure. Sterilise the water piping system as required by Code or where in the judgement of the Design Engineer it is required. 5.1.9. OPERATING & MAINTENANCE INSTRUCTION & TOOLS The Contrac

37、tor should provide three sets of operating and maintenance instruction manuals, covering completely equipment starting sequences, operation, maintenance, automatic controls, pumps and compressors and listing of all spare parts. In addition, one set of operating and maintenance instructions for each

38、mechanical equipment room shall be neatly laminated in permanently translucent plastic and hung where directed. Three sets of lubricating charts and manuals for each item of equipment shall also be furnished. Furnish a list of manufactures (with manes of local representatives) in order to expedite o

39、rdering of replacement parts. Provide all special tools needed for proper operation, adjustment and maintenance of equipment. Tools shall include one complete set of high grade wrenches for pumps, compressors and other equipment furnished in a suitable hardwood or other approved container with lock

40、and two (2) keys. Pasted on inside cover shall be a list of all tools provided in box. Furnish one pressure grease gun of approved design and size, complete with necessary adapters to fit all lubricating fittings on installed equipment.InterContinental Hotels Group - Asia Pacific2009-REV-01 All Righ

41、ts Reserved288 ENGINEERING STANDARDS SECTION 5 - PLUMBING 5.2.WATER SOFTENING SYSTEM. 2905.2.1.GENERAL. 2905.2.2.DESIGN CRITERIA. 2905.2.3.SPECIFICATION & APPLICATION GUIDE. 2905.2.4.ENVIRONMENT & ENERGY CONSERVATION. 2915.2.5.SPACE ALLOCATION. 291InterContinental Hotels Group - Asia Pacific2009-REV

42、-01 All Rights Reserved289 ENGINEERING STANDARDS SECTION 5 - PLUMBING 5.2.WATER SOFTENING SYSTEM5.2.1.GENERALPressure type zeolite, duplex softeners should be provided where indicated by water analysis and water supply requirements. 5.2.2.DESIGN CRITERIAThe removal of hard water can be accomplished

43、using a base exchange water softener. The unit should be automatic operation and rechange using proportional brining with a meter monitoring operation. The extent to which water is softened should be based on softening requirements. The following hardness levels shall be achieved: Boilers:0 ppmKitch

44、ens:0 ppm for dish/ glass washers, coffee machines.0 ppm/Laundry/Kitchens:50 ppm. Hard water can be used for last two rinse cycles in laundry washingmachines.50 ppmCooling Towers:120 ppmHot water systems:Depending on Langelier index which should be slightly positive on a scale -2to +2, or index = 7

45、on a scale 0 to 14. -Note: Dishwashers may need water desalinated by a dedicated Reverse Osmosis plant. Softened water system requires non-return fixtures to prevent backflow. 5.2.3.SPECIFICATION & APPLICATION GUIDEEquipment shall be as follows:Type of OperationAutomaticNumber of Softening UnitsTwo

46、(minimum)2 Diameter Each UnitBased on maximum 5.4l/s per m, with two softenerunits on line 5.4/2InterContinental Hotels Group - Asia Pacific2009-REV-01 All Rights Reserved290 ENGINEERING STANDARDS SECTION 5 - PLUMBING Type of OperationAutomaticDesign Pressure10% greater than maximum inlet10%Main Ope

47、rating ValveMotor operated multiport or hydraulic valve nestTank ConstructionFibre glassType Main PipingCT or PVCSize Main PipingMaximum velocity 2.5 m/s2.5/Meters (One Per Unit)Turbine type with auto reset headType Exchange ResinHigh capacity polystyreneCubic Feet Resin/Unit760mm minimum depth760Re

48、sin Exchange Capacity700,000gr/m700,000/Salt100 kilos per m100/Regeneration1 per day, each unit (maximum)1 Shell HeightAs required to hold resin with 25% free board abovebed. 25% Brine Saturator TankFibre glass construction - size for one weeks salt.1 Brine Measuring TankFibre glass construction - s

49、ize for one regenerationBrine PipingBrassUPVC 5.2.4. ENVIRONMENT & ENERGY CONSERVATION Softening of waters in hard water areas reduced the amount of precipitation and deposition of salts onto heating elements, etc. This reduced efficiency of heat transfer to systems, which increases energy consumpti

50、on and costs. Limit softening to the absolute minimum. Generally, cold water does not have to be softened, unless extremely hard. 5.2.5.SPACE ALLOCATIONFloor space is required for the following items:ItemApprox DimensionsSalt storage6 pallets - 3 x 3 x 2m high6-3 x 3 x 2InterContinental Hotels Group

51、 - Asia Pacific2009-REV-01 All Rights Reserved291 ENGINEERING STANDARDS SECTION 5 - PLUMBING Resin tank1 x 1 x 2.4m high1 x 1 x 2.4Brine tank1 x 1 x 1.5m high1 x 1 x 1.5O/A softener dimensions1.2 x 3.2 x 2.4m highO/A1.2 x 3.2 x 2.4The above is based on a large size twin softener delivering 11.4m/hr

52、however plant size does not reduce relative to demand.InterContinental Hotels Group - Asia Pacific2009-REV-01 All Rights Reserved292 ENGINEERING STANDARDS SECTION 5 - PLUMBING 5.3.SANITARY DRAINAGE SYSTEM. 2945.3.1.GENERAL. 2945.3.2.DESIGN CRITERIA. 2945.3.3.SPECIFICATION & APPLICATION GUIDE. 2945.3

53、.3.1.Piping. 29.Clean-outs. 29.Ejector Systems. 29.Venting System. 29. Plumbing Shaft Drainage29.Indirect Waste System. 29.Manholes and Inspection Chambers. 2965.3.4.ENVIRONMENT & ENERGY CONSERVATION. 2965.3.5.COMMISSIONING & TESTING. 2965.3.6.SPARE PA

54、RTS. 297InterContinental Hotels Group - Asia Pacific2009-REV-01 All Rights Reserved293 ENGINEERING STANDARDS SECTION 5 - PLUMBING 5.3.SANITARY DRAINAGE SYSTEM5.3.1.GENERALThe system shall provide for the drainage of all plumbing fixtures, kitchens and laundry equipment, through piping drained by gra

55、vity, connecting into vertical risers and/or a house drain at the lowest level, and thence into a public sewer or sewage treatment plant. Guestroom floor drains shall in all cases be charged via the vanity basin. Soil waste shall be kept separate. 5.3.2.DESIGN CRITERIAAll horizontal piping should ha

56、ve a uniform slope of at least 1 and maintain a minimum velocity of 0.6 meters per second flow. Offsets where unavoidable in the riser greater than 45 degrees require a relief vent as a vertical continuation of the lowest section of the riser, connecting into the vent riser one floor above the offse

57、t, or may be continued separately through the roof. 1 The system is single stack drainage system utilizing special fittings and design criteria. All installations must be designed and installed in strict accordance with Local Authority bylaws. Review local code requirements for oil/gasoline intercep

58、tors for indoor parking facilities. Review local code requirements for grease interceptors for Kitchen facilities. Individual grease traps should be provided at each appliance likely to generate grease-laden waste products. Where individual grease traps are impractical, a central grease trap, easily

59、 accessible for emptying into trucks, shall be installed. (Typically externally located at loading dock.) ABS or PVC pipes shall not be used for drainage in guest area due to noise problem. Use ductile iron or cast iron pipe with mechanical victaulic couplings. ABS PVC 5.3.3.SPECIFICATION & APPLICAT

60、ION GUIDE. PipingMinimum sizes of wastes are:FixtureOutlet SizeLavatory Basins35mm (1”)35(1”)InterContinental Hotels Group - Asia Pacific2009-REV-01 All Rights Reserved294 ENGINEERING STANDARDS SECTION 5 - PLUMBING Bathtubs42mm (1”)42(1”)Bidet35mm (1”)35(1”)Water Closet.100mm (4”)100(4”)Urina