Cisco@WorkCaseStudy_Closed-CircuitTVOverIP

1、CiscoWork Case Study: Closed-Circuit TV Over IPCisco Information TechnologyMay 20, 2004OverviewChallengeSecurity transitioned from “analog” closed-circuit TV (CCTV) for surveillance to “digital” CCTV for surveillance. After the transition, Security realized that a different skill set (IT server supp

2、ort) was needed in using servers with hard drives compared to using video cassette recorders (VCRs). SolutionChange from a “silo” support model where Security purchased and self-managed equipment to working closely with IT to deploy standard server equipment for CCTV.ResultsAn “IT-managed” solution

3、for CCTV over IP.Next StepsThe Cisco Security, Technology, and Systems (STS) department is monitoring the evolution of IP cameras to replace the existing analog cameras. BackgroundAnalog CCTV SurveillanceThe STS department manages internal security for more than 300 facilities worldwide The departme

4、nt deploys security technologies such as:Physical intrusion detection and electronic security access control systems, including more than 6000 card readers and more than 2600 CCTV cameras for surveillance When Cisco first began using CCTV for surveillance, analog cameras were placed at building entr

5、ances and other high-security locations, and sent analog video signals over coaxial cable to VCRs that recorded onto tape BackgroundSecurity Issues with VHSManaging tapes was labor intensive and prone to human error For every VCR in operation, Cisco needed to store 31 tapesone for each day of the mo

6、nth. A months worth of video from the current 2600 cameras would fill nearly 10,000 tapes. Security guards had to physically visit each building daily to verify that the recorders were operating and to store the old tape, and insert a fresh one Forgetting to press the record button meant a day of lo

7、st videoand the risk that Cisco would have no video evidence to investigate an incident. If a break-in or theft occurred, the facility had to send the physical tapes to the STS department at Cisco headquarters, resulting in investigative delays of up to several days In 1999, the STS department trans

8、itioned from VCRs to a third-party digital video recorder (DVR) card running on a Microsoft Windows NT 4.0 server platformA systemwide conversion from VCRs to DVRs would save human resourcesno one would be replacing tapesVideo retrieval during investigations would be faster and more efficientThe ana

9、log camera sends an analog signal over coaxial cable, but rather than capturing the video on a VHS tape, Cisco captures it on a proprietary card in a server that converts the signal to digital and then stores the digitally-encoded video on a local hard diskBackgroundVCRs to DVRsDigital Video Recorde

10、rBackgroundPrevious CCTV SolutionThe DVR software could be programmed to store only the video that included motion, Cisco could store data collected during an entire month on direct attached storage within the DVR server Security Operations CenterWANCampus BuildingRemote SiteDigital Video RecorderTa

11、pe StorageAnalog cameraIP cameraVideo encoder Cisco switchCisco routerFiberIP ConnectionFiberChannelMonitorFiber TransceiverCoaxial cableCampus LANData CenterChallengeHigher Management Skills NeededAfter storing digital surveillance video on DVRs, the system grew until the STS department found itsel

12、f managing more than 330 servers at Cisco facilities worldwideThe department was overburdened with keeping these 330 servers online and up to date with the latest software patchesThe major problem resulting from our transition to digital surveillance video was that servers with hard drives require a

13、 higher management skill set compared with VCRsTraditional security investigators do not understand server software patches, secure access, and data backups, and these are among the IT Infrastructure groups core competenciesSolutionIT-Managed Solution for CCTVThe Security, Technology and Systems dep

14、artment collaborated with IT to establish an IT-managed solution for CCTV over IP. The criteria for the solution covered the following areas:IT standards-complianceHigh video qualityEnterprise-friendly topologyNetwork-friendly designIntegration with accesscontrol and intrusion detection sectionUpgra

15、dability Cisco decided to transition from its original proprietary DVR solution to a network-centric application SolutionPresent CCTV over IP SolutionSecurity Operations CenterMonitorData CenterWANSANCampus LANNetwork Video RecorderStorageAnalog cameraIP cameraVideo encoder Cisco switchCisco routerF

16、iberIP ConnectionFiberChannelFiber TransceiverCoaxial cableCampus BuildingRemote SiteResultsBenefits for CiscoMigrating to CCTV over IP has yielded the following benefits for Cisco:Lowered storage requirements by 60 percent, representing US$500,000 in savings Reduced the number of servers by 40 perc

17、ent, representing $200,000 in savings Improved video quality at four frames per second, the ability to recognize faces is vastly improved over the previous systems two frames per secondGained ability to unify the CCTV system with other security systems, such as alarm detection and access control sys

18、temsReduced false alarms in areas covered by video surveillance cameras by an anticipated 90 percentMitigated risk by expediting maintenance and repair Trimmed the time required to investigate security incidents Reduced maintenance costs by 20 percent because Cisco IT has economies of scale and spen

19、ds less time monitoring and maintaining serversIncreased security network protection and virus definitions are implemented as soon as available instead of when we have time for itResultsBenefits for Cisco (continued)Next StepsIP CamerasThe STS group is monitoring the evolution of IP cameras to repla

20、ce the existing analog camerasTraffic will be sent directly from the IP camera to the data center, eliminating the need for standalone encoders and freeing fiber for Safety and Security to use for other purposes, if neededA major condition for migrating to digital cameras is the development of a for

21、mat with lower bandwidth consumption Next StepsIP Cameras Replace Analog CamerasSecurity Operations CenterMonitorWANCampus BuildingRemote SiteNetwork Video RecorderStorageIP cameraVideo encoder Cisco switchCisco routerFiberIP ConnectionFiberChannelSANCampus LANVideo analysis engine (server)Data Cent

22、erSTS is investigating more flexible and capable video encoders to allow use of a variety of existing and newer camerasAnother possible solution is using storage equipment in WAN hub sites to support collection and storage of more remote site data without requiring it to be stored locally or transmi

23、tted across the WAN and burdening WAN linksNext StepsTechnology AdvancementsDigital Video StorageSecurity could automatically track and respond to people “tailgating” into buildings; that is, people entering the building directly behind employees who have correctly used their badges to unlock the do

24、orWith this capability, surveillance video becomes a tool for prevention and early detection rather than simply reaction to incidentsNext StepsSurveillance Video ViolationsThe STS group is actively pursuing video analysis engines that monitor the surveillance video for violations of Cisco business r

25、ulesFor instance, an individual walking the wrong way in a one-way area, standing in front of a lobby desk for more than a certain number of seconds, or leaving an unattended packageLessons LearnedThe chief lessons learned from the transition to digital CCTV pertain to making the best use of Cisco IT resourcesPhysical security and IT security are converging both groups need to work more closely than beforeAs the use of technology for physical security increases, computer literacy will become increasingly importantWe had to