高三英語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)從句綜合講練

1、定語(yǔ)從句綜合講練教程河工定語(yǔ)從句( the attributive clause ) 在復(fù)合句中, 修飾某一個(gè)名詞或代 詞的從句叫定語(yǔ)從句,定語(yǔ)從句所修飾的詞叫先行詞(the antecedent) 引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的詞叫關(guān)系代詞(the relative pronouns) that , which , who , whom , whose , as , but 和關(guān)系副詞(the relative adverbs ) when , where ,why 等 關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞放在先行詞和定語(yǔ)從句之間起聯(lián)系作用,同時(shí)在從句中充當(dāng)成份.E.g.: In the dark street, there

2、 wasnt a single person _she could turn for help.A that B who C from whom D to whom turn to sb 意為求助,請(qǐng)教某人, 故選D 關(guān)系代詞 在從句中關(guān)系副詞 先行詞 充當(dāng)?shù)某煞?備 注that 人或物 主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ) 不引導(dǎo)分限制性定語(yǔ)從句 作賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)時(shí)可 不直接作介詞賓語(yǔ) 以省略 (3)避免重復(fù)which 物 主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ) Which五不用:(1)先行詞是不定代 (作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可以省略) (2)先行詞有人又有物(3)先行詞被形 容詞或副詞的最高級(jí)或序數(shù)詞修飾 時(shí)(4)先行詞被only,little,a

3、ll, very, just,any,no,every,the same,such等 詞修飾時(shí)(5)避免重復(fù)who 人 主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ) Who三不用(1)有人又有物先行詞 (作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可以省略) (2)不直接作介詞賓語(yǔ)(3)避免重復(fù) whom 人 賓 語(yǔ)whose 人或物 定 語(yǔ) whose + n = of which/whom + the +n 或the+n+of which/whomwhen 時(shí)間名詞 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ) 在從句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)時(shí) 用that或whichwhere 地點(diǎn)名詞 地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ) 在從句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)時(shí) 用that或which 關(guān)系代詞 在從句中關(guān)系副詞 先行詞 充當(dāng)

4、的成分 備 注why 原因名詞 原因狀語(yǔ) 在從句中作主、賓或表語(yǔ)時(shí)用或as 人或物 主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ) 與soas, suchas, asas, the sameas連用but 人或物 主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ) 等于that notThat 在引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)的用法1，The customer is called Tom. You just served him .2，The desk is made of bamboo. You brought it to us. 3，He is not the man. He was the man when I first saw him. .4, That whi

5、ch hurt Tom in the head is a date tree branch.注：1，當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞在從句中充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)時(shí)，可省略2，當(dāng)先行詞是that時(shí)不再用that(避免重復(fù))3，不引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句 4，不直接作介詞賓語(yǔ)The customer (that) you just now served is called Tom.The desk (that) you brought to us is made of bamboo.He is not the man (that) he was when I first saw him. which 引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是表示物

6、的名詞，在從句中作主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)等The book _lies on the table is mine. The new bike _my father bought to me was lost yesterday.注：當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞在從句中充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，可省略，但介詞后的 which 不可省略不用which 引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的情況(1) 先行詞是不定代詞 all,no,none,everyone,something,much,little 等All that glitters is not gold.(2)先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)This is the best film that I ha

7、ve ever seen. 先行詞中又有人， 又有物時(shí)They talked for an hour of things and persons that they remembered in the school.(4)先行詞被（only,little,all,very,just,any,no,every,the same,such等詞修飾時(shí)）Ive read all the books that he has returned.This is the only book that I havent read on this subject.(5)避免重復(fù)(先行詞中有which 時(shí)) Whi

8、ch of the books that you borrowed from the library is the most interesting? as 引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)句時(shí)多與as , the same , such 等連用常譯成“正如 ；正像 ”As many people as you can see here, work very hard.Do you have the same pen as Tom does?I dont have such a strong body as you do.注：我已經(jīng)找到了我昨天丟的那支鋼筆。我已經(jīng)找到了一只和我昨天丟的一樣的鋼筆。你能拿走多少蘋(píng)果就拿

9、多少。That is the book whose cover is blue. = That is the book of which the cover is blue.=That is the book the cover of which is blue.)Do you know the girl whose father is a headmaster?whose father = of whom the father =the father of whom我住在窗戶(hù)朝南的房間里。whose 引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,在句中作定語(yǔ)先行詞可以是人也可以是物I have found the same

10、 pen that I lost yesterday.I have found the same pen as I lost yesterday.Take as many apples as you can.I live in the room whose window faces south. who, whom 引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是人， who 在從句中做主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)， whom 作賓語(yǔ)在直接作介詞賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，只用 whom This is the man _（你要見(jiàn)的）This is the man _ (為你服務(wù)的）This is the man _ (和我一起去公園的）注：1，當(dāng)先

11、行詞 中有人又有物時(shí)，不用who 2.先行詞中有Who, 不再用 who. Who is the girl that is standing over there?1.He _(不到長(zhǎng)城的） is not a true man.2.The students _(你們?cè)谡務(wù)摰模﹊s my uncle.3.The boy _(在踢足球的）is my classmate.4._(經(jīng)常和我們一起學(xué)習(xí)的人）is Tom.5.（唱英語(yǔ)歌最好的那個(gè)女孩）_is Jane.6._(會(huì)跳舞的學(xué)生）are liked by all.who/ whom you want to see.who served you

12、just now.with whom I went to the park.who des not reach the Great Wallyou are talking aboutwho is playing footballThe man we often study withThe girl who sings English songs bestThe students who can dancewhen , 引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句(1)先行詞是表示時(shí)間的名詞;(2)先行詞與介詞構(gòu)成短語(yǔ),在從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，用when來(lái)替換這個(gè)介詞短語(yǔ)，在重句中作狀語(yǔ)）I still remember the

13、day. I went to school on that day. when = on which I will never forget the week when I was in Beijing.when = in which 注：盡管先行詞是表示 時(shí)間的名詞，但是在從句中不充當(dāng)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)引導(dǎo)這個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句不能用 when .例如：Ill never forget the week. I spent the week in Beijing.Ill never forget the week (which/that) I spent in Beijing.I still remember t

14、he days which / that brought me a lot of pleasure.我永遠(yuǎn)也不會(huì)忘記給我?guī)?lái)快樂(lè)的那些日子。我仍然記得我當(dāng)兵的那些日子。你還記得我們一起在農(nóng)村的時(shí)候嗎？Ill never forget the days which/that brought me much happiness.I still remember the days when I was a soldier.Do you remember the days when we were together in the countryside?定語(yǔ)從句練習(xí)驗(yàn)收題一,把下列兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句合成一個(gè)帶

15、定語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句1.This is a factory. It makes cars. 2.The factory is called “HongQi”. My father once worked in it.3.I live in the room. Its window faces south. 4.Ill never forget the day. It brought me much happiness. 5.I still remember the day. I went to school on that day. 6.The reason is clear to us all.

16、 Tom explained to us for not coming to the party. 7.The reason is unknown to us all. Tom didnt go to school for it.8.The quarreled couple is next to the point. They will divorce at the point. 二, 將下列句子譯成英語(yǔ)1. 這就是我想買(mǎi)的轎車(chē)2. 我非常喜歡珍妮給我買(mǎi)的生日禮物.3. 學(xué)英語(yǔ)的哪個(gè)學(xué)生是我的同學(xué).4. 我最喜歡打籃球好的學(xué)生.5. 站在柜臺(tái)后的姑娘很漂亮.6. 躺在床上抽煙的人叫湯姆.7.

17、我永遠(yuǎn)也不會(huì)忘記我上學(xué)的那一天.8. 我仍然記得我入團(tuán)的得那一天9. 窗戶(hù)朝南的房間是我的.10. 我曾去過(guò)我出生的那個(gè)農(nóng)場(chǎng).This is the car I want to buy.I like very much the gift Mary bought me.The student who is learning English is my classmate.I like the student best who is playing basketball.The girl who is standing behind the counter is very beautiful.Th

18、e man who lies in bed smoking is called Tom.Ill never forget the day when I went to school.I still remember the day when I joined the League.The room whose window faces south is mine.I once went to the farm where I was born.三、Correct the mistakes in the following sentences.1. “HongQi” chemical works

19、 is developing very fast, which workers are diligent.2. Tom is one of the students who works hard as well as clever.3. I dont have the same opinion that you do.4, Toms father who works in Chicago came back home yesterday.5. Which is known to us all, our country is a developing one.6. He told me that

20、 he would do all he could help you.7. All the articles about modern education are well written, for which this is one example.8.ShangHai is the biggest city in our country which is developing very fast.9.Ill never forget the days that I work in the countryside with the peasants. 10.Do you still reme

21、mber the village where we worked there ten years ago? 11.All impressed me was what he said to me. 12. My uncle didnt came to see us as often that we expected. 13. He ,who does not reach the Great Wall, not a true man. 14. He made his first journey which made him suffer a lot to study wild plants in

22、1766. 15. Ive found the same pen as I lost yesterday. You see my name is here in the cap of it 16. Those who wants to see the film put up your hands, please. 17. Those have seen the film think highly of it. 18. He has written a book, the name of it I have forgotten. 1. 錯(cuò)用關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞：1，3，5，8，12，14，15 2

23、. 錯(cuò)用了限制性定語(yǔ)從句：4 3. 時(shí)態(tài)錯(cuò)誤：9 4. 從句與先行詞主謂不一致2,16 5. 多了不必要成分：10, 6. 少了必要成分：11,17 7. 錯(cuò)用介詞+關(guān)系代詞結(jié)構(gòu)中的介詞：7 8. 結(jié)構(gòu)錯(cuò)誤：6,13,18四,選擇填空:.She heard a terrible noise, _brought her heart into her mouth. (Met91) A it B which C this D that 2. The weather turned out to be very good, _was more than we could expect. (Nmet94)

24、 A what B which C that D it 3. Whenever I met him, _was fairly often, I liked his sweet and hopeful smile. A what B which C that D when 4. The visiting professors, _were women, were warmly welcomed at the airport. A two of them B two of that C two of whom D two of these 5.His father studied hard at

25、school when he was young, _led to his success in his later life. A, what B, which C, that D, so that 6. It was in the house _he used to live that the exhibition was held. A ,where B, which C, that D, when 7. Is this the university _he studied ten years ago? A that B where C which D to which 8.The da

26、y finally came _I was given a job. A when B in which C since D to which 9. He stood behind the curtain, from _he could see what was happening outside. A which B that C, where D, in which 10. The school _those guests visited last week is the one _-I studied for three years. A, that; which B, where; i

27、n which C, /; where D, which; that 11.- _is a tailor? -A tailor is a person _ makes clothes for others. A, What; who B, What; which C, who; who D, Who; that12.Do you still remember the day _we worked together. A Yes, its _I will never forget. A when; what B as; that C, that; that D, Who; that 13.The

28、y wouldnt agree to sell the house to us at the same price _they had asked, _was rather disappointing. A which; as B, as; that C, as; which D. that; that 14. Im going out to buy some vegetables, _will take me about half an hour. A, as B, which C, it D ,that15. Sharon couldnt come to the party, _was a

29、 pity. A, it B. that C, what D, which16. He suddenly changed his mind, _made his father very angry? A ,which B, that C, in which D, of which 17. Can you think out a situation _this idiom can be used? A which B that C where D with which 18. My uncle often helps me with my English, _is very kind _him.

30、 A which; to B, which; of C, that; for D, what; with 19. The reason _he didnt come was that he had to take his mother to hospital. A ,why B that C, which D, where 20 .In the old days, _I was a little boy, the city had no industry to speak of. A, where B, when C, which D, as 21. The theory hes stuck

31、_ us that earthquakes can be fore -broadcast. A, to prove to B, to proves to C, proves to D, prove22, Not only _the car he_ been stolen by his son for gambling debts but also his new house.A, has, has B, has, had C, was , had D, had, has. 23, I dont like the way _ you speak to her.A, that B, in that

32、 C, which D, of which24, I always visit the school _ my mother taught physics ten years ago. A, where B, what C, which D, when25, He made a long speech, _ was unexpected.A, as B, which C, that D, what26, Is this museum _ you visited last week?A, which B, that C, where D, the one五.將下列句子譯成英語(yǔ) 1. 正如我預(yù)料的

33、那樣,他不相信我. 2. 湯姆的哥哥是個(gè)警察,在紐約工作. 3. 計(jì)算機(jī)中心很大,是去年開(kāi)辦的. 4. 我母親要見(jiàn)我,她好久沒(méi)見(jiàn)到我了. 5. 這些書(shū)很感人,它們是最近出版的. 6. 湯姆和他的車(chē)都在那邊,它們是在山后發(fā)現(xiàn)的. 7. 我和你犯了同樣的錯(cuò)誤. 8. 哪一輛是中國(guó)制造的車(chē)? 9. 眾所周知，日本在中國(guó)的東面。 10. 這是我們學(xué)校，學(xué)校的圖書(shū)館在下院的后部。從句綜合講練驗(yàn)收題1,Information has been put forward _ more school graduates will be admitted into key universities. A, whi

34、le B, that C, when D, as2, See the flags on top of the building? That was _we did this morning. A, when B, which C, where D, what3,I hate _ when people talk with their mouths full. A, that B, it C, these D, them4, It was a matter of _ would take the position.A, who B, whom C, whomever D, whoever5,_s

35、he was invited to the party made her very happy. A, That B, Because C, When D, If6,_the old man left us _ only the old books.A, What; is B, what; are C, That; is D, That; are7,In the dark street there wasnt a single person _ she could turn for help. A, who B, whom C, from whom D, to whom8,The reason

36、 _ he explained for being late for school was _ he was ill.A, Why; that B, that; that C, that; because D, why; because1,B;2,D;3,B;4,D;5,6,D;7,D;8,B9,Ill never forget the very days _ brought me most happiness when I was a child. A, when B, that C, which D, on which10,Its the first time _ I have been

37、to Beijing. A, when B, on which C, that D, in which11,All the stories about the Long Match were well written _ this is one good example.A, of which B, for which C, of that D, for that12,Can you show us a situation _ this word can be used?A, where B, that C, on which D, which13,In those days Tom didn

38、t went to see his mother so often _ was expected. A, that B. which C, as D, when14,He has two sons, _ work as chemists. A, two of them B, both of whom C, all of whom D, both of which15,He is the only one of the students _ a winner of scholarship for three years. A, who is B, that are C, who are D, w

39、hich is16,Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase_ was very reasonable.A, whose the price B, the price of itC, its price D, the price of which9,B;10,C;11,A;12,A;13,C;14,B;15,A;16,D17,The newly married couple quarreled so much that they reached the point _they had to separated from each other. A, w

40、hen B, that C, which D, where18 Child _ he is, he knows a lot. A, although B, as C, when D, that19,Was it on Oct. 1st1949 _ the Peoples Republic of China was founded? A, when B, on which C, that D, where20,_youve got a good chance, you might as well make full us of it.A, Now that B, After C, Althoug

41、h D, As soon as21,You should make it a rule to put things _ you can find them again. A, when B, where C, then D, in which22,The WTO cant live up to its name _it does not include a country _is home to one fifth of mankind. A, if; that B, if; where C, even though; that D, as long as; where23, I was ab

42、out to leave the room _ the telephone rang.A, as B, while C, when D, or rather24,Please take an umbrella with you _it should rain. A, in case B, in the case C, in this case D. so that25, Why was it _Edison not able to hatch chickens while the hen could? A, while B, when C, because D, that17,D;18,B;1

43、9,C;20,A;21,B;22,A;23,C24,A;25,D25, The teacher came in, _ the students stood up and said “Good morning, Sir” A, while B, and C, but D, for26, Why was Edison not able to hatch chickens _ the hen could?A, while B, when C, because D, for27, Please remind me _he said he was going. I may be in time to s

44、ee him off. A, when B, where C, what D, how28, _ Jane saw her mother, she burst into tears. Which of the following is not fit for the blank? A, The moment B, Immediately C, Instantly D, Hardly29, - I dont like singing _ dancing, what about you? -I dont like singing, _ I like dancing.A, and, and B, a

45、nd, but C, or, but D, or, and30, Good technique in medicine means less pain and fewer death,_, It is our duty to master it. A, altogether B, therefore C, otherwise D, however31, The day has broken, _ the birds are singing.A, because B, as C, since D, for25,B;26,A;27,A;28,D;29,C;30,B; 31,D32, Mrs Smi

46、th locked both the front and the back doors_she went to bed _ that a thief might steal into the house.A, before; for fear B, before; in case C, after; for fearD, when; in case33, Food shortage will be a long problem to the world _ much has been done to supply enough to everyone. A, though B, still C, until D, when34, It was not _ he entered college _ he realized the importance of learning English well. A, until; did B, before; that C, until; that D, when; after35