語(yǔ) 法 復(fù) 習(xí) 專(zhuān) 練-高彥赟公開(kāi)課

1、語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)專(zhuān)練高彥贊-、知識(shí)框架4表示說(shuō)話入的態(tài)度和看法肯定形式否定形式否定簡(jiǎn)略形式can/couldshall/should/ought towill/would情態(tài)動(dòng)詞實(shí)義動(dòng)詞had bettermay/mightmust/have tomust/need/may回答和提問(wèn)must/ cant表示肯否定推測(cè)need情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和實(shí)義動(dòng)詞用法的區(qū)別情態(tài)動(dòng)詞主要用于表示說(shuō)話人的態(tài)度和看法。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞不能單獨(dú)使用必須與動(dòng)詞原形一起構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)，其否定式是在情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后加否定詞not。一般疑問(wèn)句則將情態(tài)動(dòng)詞提至句首。8二、基本形式：肯定式否定式簡(jiǎn)略否定式maymay notmayntmightmight not

2、mightiVtcancan notcantcouldcould notcouldntwill, llwill not, 11 notwontwould, dwould not, d notwouldntshallshall notshantshouldshould notshouldntmustmust notmustntneedneed notneedntought toought not tooughtnt to&三、基本用法can的用法1）表能力can表能力時(shí)意味著憑體力或腦力或技術(shù)等可以無(wú)甚阻力地去做某事。I can climb （his pole.我能爬這根桿子。He is onl

3、y four , but he can read.他只有 4 歲，但已認(rèn)得字了。Fire cant destroy gold.火燒不毀金子。2）表可能性多用于否定與疑問(wèn)結(jié)構(gòu)中，但也可用在肯定句中。Can the news be true?這消息可能是真的嗎？It can be true.它不可能是真的。What can he possibly mean?他可能是什么意思?3）表示允許（和may意思相近）常見(jiàn)于口語(yǔ)。Can （May） 1 come in ?我能進(jìn)來(lái)嗎？Can 1 smoke here ?我可以在這里抽煙嗎？could的用法1）表過(guò)去的可蹄許可，F(xiàn)ather said I cou

4、ld swim in （he river.爸爸說(shuō)我可以在河里游泳。2）表過(guò)去的能力I could swim when 1 was only six.我剛六歲就能游泳。3）表允許二可表示委婉客氣的提出問(wèn)題或陳述看法，不是can的過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。Could I use your bike?Yes, you can./No, you cant.注意:be able to表示能力,意為“能夠做成某事”，相當(dāng)于can的用法,但是有區(qū)別：can泛指 一般的能力；be able to則主要指成功做了某件事的能力。may （ might ）的用法1）表示請(qǐng)求、可以、允許。You may drive the trac

5、tor.你可以開(kāi)那臺(tái)拖拉機(jī)。2）當(dāng)回答由may弓|起的問(wèn)題時(shí)，否定答語(yǔ)要用must not,表示“不許可”、“不應(yīng)該”、“不行May I come in? Yes, you may. No, you cant. No, you may not. No ,you mustnt3）might是may的過(guò)去式，語(yǔ)氣比may更加委婉；must的主要用法I）表示必須、必要Wc must do everything step by st叩.我們必須按部就班地做一切事情。Why must you always bother me?為什么你偏要打擾我呢。Dmust be +表語(yǔ)的結(jié)構(gòu)，通常表示猜測(cè)，含有“一定

6、”之意。（只用在肯定句中）He must be an honest boy.他一定是個(gè)誠(chéng)實(shí)的男孩。This must be your room.這一定是你的房間。3）niust的否定式有兩個(gè)：當(dāng)回答由must弓|起的問(wèn)題時(shí)，否定答復(fù)要用nccdn,t或don have to表示“必”、“無(wú)須”、“用 不著”、“不一定”的意義。當(dāng)表示不應(yīng)該”、“不許可”、“禁止時(shí)，就用must not。Must I go tomorrow?明天我必須去嗎？Yes, you must./No , you neednt.注意:must= have lo.但有區(qū)別：musi表示說(shuō)話人的主觀思想,have to “不得

7、不，必須，表示客 觀需要、客觀紹牛只能如此。You must do it now.你必需現(xiàn)在就干。（說(shuō)話人認(rèn)為必須現(xiàn)在干）I have to go now, (客觀條件必須現(xiàn)在走)need 的主要用法) need作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，表“需要”,多用在否定式或疑問(wèn)句中.Need I attend the meeting tomorrow?-Yes, you must./No , you neednt.-You need not hand in (he paper this week.) need也作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，用法是need to do sth./sthHe needs to finish his hom

8、ework in time.I need your help.need 主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)的用法：sth needs doing=sth needs to be done.The room needs cleaning.=The room needs to be cleaned.need做名詞的用法：meet ones needs=satisfy ones demands in (great) need of (急需)should的主要用法意思為“應(yīng)該二表示勸告、建議、命令，其同義詞是ought to ；在疑問(wèn)句中，通常用should代 替 ought to0You should go to clas

9、s right away.Should I open the window?ought “應(yīng)當(dāng)；應(yīng)該”。用法則 ought io do sth.You ought to read these books if you want to know how to repair the motorcar.shall的用法意思為“將要/應(yīng)該”1)用于第一人稱(chēng)征求對(duì)方的意見(jiàn)，如：What shall I wear on the journey?我路上穿什么好呢？Shall we dance?我們跳舞好嗎?情態(tài)動(dòng)詞will和would的用法will (would)表決心、愿望。would為will的過(guò)去式，

10、可用于各人稱(chēng)。Ill do my best to catch up with them.Ill never do it again, thats the last time.He said he would help me.注意Wilk would用于第二人稱(chēng)疑問(wèn)句表示說(shuō)話人向?qū)Ψ教岢稣?qǐng)求或詢(xún)問(wèn)，用would比will更 螭客氣。may be 與 maybe二者都有“或許，也許”的意思，但用法不同：. may be是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,只能用于句子中,如:Its eight oclock now. My father may be at home. maybe 是副詞,相當(dāng)于 perhaps, prob

11、ably, likely ,常用于句首。如:Its eight oclock now. Maybe tny father is at home.had better 最好had better do sth. / had better net do sth.(重點(diǎn))You had better keep silent in class.公四、易錯(cuò)點(diǎn):()、can, may, must, need, should 的提問(wèn)與應(yīng)答：. Can I go to the cinema tonight?Yes, you can./No, you cant. May 1 have a look at your

12、 photos?Yes, you may / can./No, you mustnt / cant. Must I book a ticket for the concert right now?Yes, you must./No, you neednt / dont have to. Need I water the flowers in the garden in the afternoon?Yes, you need / must./No, you mustnt.(二)、表示判斷：may / may not, must ( be ) / cant ( be )(1).判斷語(yǔ)氣堅(jiān)定，有理有

13、據(jù)(常擺出理由).肯定判斷(must )e.g. The light in the office is on. Our teacher must be still working.It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet and muddy.否定判斷(cant / can not)注:不能用must not或mustnt形式e.g. Mr. Green cant be at home, for I met him at the street just now.This book cant be Bettys. She doesn

14、t like detective stories.(2).判斷語(yǔ)氣不堅(jiān)定，模棱兩可，不確定，常附帶有Im not sure /1 dont know等句子。e.g. How soon will your father come back home from London?May be in a week, but Im quite not sure.三、課堂練習(xí)Grammarmodal verbI.Choose the best answer.選擇填空。I.Choose the best answer.選擇填空。1 .Tom gets up early every day except Sat

15、urday or Sunday, because hego to school.A. mustntB. needn,tC. shouldntD. cant2.Thanks to the first development of communication technology, people in China2.Thanks to the first development of communication technology, people in Chinamake phone callsanywhere at any time.A. shouldB. wouldC. mustD. can

16、3.Angela needs to download Translating App when she visits Spain.Shespeak a single Spanishword.A. mustntB. cantC. needntD. shouldnt4.Can I fish here?-No, you.The sign says,No fishing.A. mustntB. needntC. may notD. shouldnt5.If time allows, we.5.If time allows, we.lake a walk along the view path and

17、take some photos.A. canB. needC. mustD. ought6.Mum lold me that I6.Mum lold me that Ibe afraid of difficulties and should learn to be brave.A. didnt needB. neednt toC. needntD. not need7.This notebook7.This notebookbe Toms. Look at his name on the cover.A. mustB. mustntC. canD. can,t8.Our road infor

18、mation system should be improved so that we8.Our road information system should be improved so that weknow the road condition ahead oftime.A. mustB. shouldC. canD.could9.By the time Jack was ten, he9.By the time Jack was ten, hespeak Greek and Gennan fluently.A. wouldB.shouldC. mightD. could10.A1I passengers _go through safety check before the