中考英語(yǔ)代詞專題講解

1、中考英語(yǔ)代詞專題講解最新中考考點(diǎn)一、數(shù) 單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)格 主格賓格主格賓格第一人稱Imeweus第二人稱youyouyouyou第三人稱it/she/heit/her/himtheythem人稱代詞分類(lèi)人稱代詞用法主格用在謂動(dòng)前，賓格用在動(dòng)介后。 He teaches us Chinese .He goes to school with me every day. 1.用于時(shí)間、距離、日期、天氣和不指明的人或物。2.用于以下句型中。1）用作形式主語(yǔ),常用于 “Its +adj. +to do sth.”句型中。2）用作形式賓語(yǔ), 用來(lái)代替動(dòng)詞不定式。 make/ think /feel/find +

2、 it + adj. (名詞)+ to do sth. 3） 用在句型: “It seems that ”中。 4） 用在句型: “Its ones turn to do sth”中。 5） 用在句型: “Its time to do sth / for sth”中。 6）用在句型: “Its +adj. +that 從句”中。 人稱代詞it的用法人稱代詞排序三種人稱代詞并列時(shí),順序?yàn)? 單數(shù): 你在前，我在后，中間由他（她）走。 You, she/ he and I 復(fù)數(shù): 正常順序。we , you and they She and I have been to Beijing.注:若把責(zé)

3、任擔(dān),第一人稱最當(dāng)先。即若做錯(cuò)事時(shí),把第一人稱放在最前面。 Who broke the window? I and Mike.二、物主代詞分類(lèi)第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱 單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)形容詞性myouryouryourits/his/hertheir名詞性mineoursyoursyoursits/his/herstheirs注意：名詞性物主代詞除了我沒(méi)有“s”，所有的都“s”了。物主代詞用法1. 形容詞性的物主代詞作定語(yǔ)放在名詞前，不能單獨(dú)使用。2. 名詞性的物主代詞，后面不能加名詞。名詞性的物主代詞常與of 連用。 Our classroom is as big as theirs

4、.This is a friend of mine._后有名用形，_后無(wú)名用名。 1)名詞性的物主代詞相當(dāng)于形容詞性的物主代詞加一個(gè)名詞.（名詞性的物主代詞=形容詞性的物主代詞+ 名詞） This is my bag. That is hers.=That is her bag. 2)形容詞性的物主代詞與own 連用時(shí),后面可跟名詞也可不跟名詞. my own house = a house of my own 注意三、反身代詞條件主賓是同一人稱。He always enjoys himself. 單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)第一人稱myself ourselves第二人稱yourselfyourselves第三

5、人稱himself/herself/itselfthemselves反身代詞組成形式記憶小竅門(mén):反身代詞有規(guī)律,第三人稱賓格加self.其余都要物主加self,復(fù)數(shù)ves來(lái)把f替.反身代詞常見(jiàn)詞組enjoy oneself 過(guò)得愉快，玩得開(kāi)心 hurt oneself 傷著自己teach oneself = learnby oneself 自學(xué)all by oneself 獨(dú)自的，獨(dú)自一人help oneself to 隨便吃點(diǎn)或喝點(diǎn)look after oneself 照顧自己leave sb by oneself 把某人單獨(dú)留下say to oneself 自言自語(yǔ) for oneself

6、 親自dress oneself 自己穿衣improve oneself 自我提高see oneself in the mirror 照鏡子看自己四、 單數(shù) 復(fù)數(shù)近指: this these 遠(yuǎn)指: that those 指示代詞分類(lèi)1) that those 常用來(lái)代替前面出現(xiàn)的人或物,以避免重復(fù). That代替可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞. Those 代替復(fù)數(shù)名詞. The weather in Guangdong is hotter than _ in Qinghai . The books in that shop are cheaper than _in this shop. A.

7、this B. that C. one D. those 指示代詞用法thatthose 2)this ,that 可代替句子或句子的一個(gè)部分,that代替前面提到的句子而this代替下面提到的句子. He had a bad cold, that is why he didnt come. 3)在電話用語(yǔ)中,this 代替自己,而that 代替對(duì)方. This is Tom speaking. Who is that? 指示代詞用法五、 賓格: each other one another 所有格: each others one anothers 相互代詞分類(lèi)相互代詞用法相互代詞在句子中作

8、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)，兩者意思區(qū)別不大，可以互換 。作定語(yǔ)用時(shí)要用所有格。作賓語(yǔ)：We should learn from each other /one another.作定語(yǔ)：We often borrow each others /one anothers books.六、 不定代詞可數(shù)each, one,many, (a) few, both, another，either，neither不可數(shù)much, (a)little可數(shù)及不可數(shù)all, some, none，such, any, other復(fù)合不定代詞 anybody, anyone，anything, somebody, someon

9、e, something, nobody,nothing，everybody, everyone，everything不定代詞分類(lèi)不定代詞用法1.one與it 的區(qū)別 One 代替同類(lèi)事物中的一種. 而it代替上文中出現(xiàn)的某事物. This book is a good one. May I borrow it? 2.some與any 的區(qū)別一般情況下,some用于肯定句,any用于否定、疑問(wèn)句,條件句中。但在表建議的疑問(wèn)句中,仍用some。常用于could / would / May 開(kāi)頭或what about /how about . 的句中。 May I have some water?

10、 He asked me for some paper, but I didnt have any.不定代詞用法3.many與much的區(qū)別 many+可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù) much+不可數(shù)名詞 都相當(dāng)于 a lot of +復(fù)數(shù)名詞/不可數(shù)名詞 注:a lot of 不能用于否定句中. 否定句中用many /much . 4.a few /few /a little /little 的區(qū)別 表否定(幾乎沒(méi)有)表肯定(有一點(diǎn)/幾個(gè))修飾可數(shù)名詞fewa few修飾不可數(shù)名詞littlea little The story is easy to read. There are _ new words

11、in it . Hurry up! There is _ time left.fewlittle不定代詞用法5.each / every 的區(qū)別 each 表示兩者或兩者以上的人或物中的每一個(gè).而every 表示三者或三者以上的人或物中的每一個(gè)。 There are trees and flowers on _ side of the street . _ student has read a story . 注: each 可以與of 連用, each of 作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù). 而every 不能與of 連用.只能放在名詞前作定語(yǔ). Each of us _(study )hard

12、. 6.no one 與none 的區(qū)別 no one 表示沒(méi)有人, 不能與of 連用. 而none of +復(fù)數(shù)名詞/ 代詞，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)常用單數(shù)。 The boys were all tired, but _ of them stopped to have a rest.studieseachEverynone 不定代詞用法7.both /neither /either /all / none / any 的區(qū)別 都都不任何一個(gè)兩者之間bothneithereither三者或三者以上allnoneany 注:1)both 的否定詞是neither , all的否定詞是none.2)bot

13、h of 作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。 neither of作主語(yǔ)時(shí), 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。Neither of the answers _(be) right .Both of my parents _(be) workers. 不定代詞用法isare 3).詞組 A) both and 連接兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù). 同義詞組:not only but also 反義詞組: neither nor Not only you but also she likes watching TV. =_ you _ she like watching TV.不定代詞用法BothandB) either o

14、r 或者或者 , neithernor 既不也不 連接兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞實(shí)行就近原則.Neither you nor he _ (be ) right .One of Lily and Lucy is going to the park. = _ Lily _Lucy _ going to the park.C) either 也可用于否定句中的 “也”.D) neither 也可表示 “ 也不” 句型: neither sb. 某人也不怎么樣. If you dont go there, _ _ I. (我也不去)不定代詞用法isEitherorisNeitherdo4) how many

15、 /how much 的回答:用none回答。 Who 的回答: 用no one 回答。 What 的回答: 用nothing 回答。 How many students are there in the classroom? _. Who can answer the question? _. A. None B. No one C. Nothing不定代詞用法NoneB不定代詞用法8.other /the other /others /the others 的區(qū)別 后面沒(méi)有名詞后面有名詞有數(shù)量限制(特指)the othersthe other沒(méi)有數(shù)量限制(泛指)othersother 注:

16、1) one the other 表示兩者之間的一個(gè)另一個(gè)2) some others 表示一些 一些3) another 表示三者以上的不確定數(shù)目中的另一個(gè). 只能修飾可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù).但 another +數(shù)字+ 復(fù)數(shù)名詞= 數(shù)字+ more +復(fù)數(shù)名詞 表示 “ 另外幾個(gè)”不定代詞用法I have two brothers, one is a teacher, _ is a worker.Some are cleaning the classroom, _ are sweeping the window.There are 20 teachers in our school. Eight of them are men teachers ,and _ are women teachers .the otherothersthe others不定代詞用法everyone 每個(gè)，人人，大家不與of 連用every one每個(gè)人、物可與of 連用9.everyone/every one的區(qū)別1.復(fù)合不定代詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí), 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù).2.形容詞修飾不定代詞時(shí), 形容詞放在不定代詞之后.3.動(dòng)詞不定式修飾不定代詞時(shí), 動(dòng)詞不定式放在不定代詞之后.4.復(fù)合不定代詞用于反義疑問(wèn)句中, 1)