【高考英語】2020-2022屆三年上海市靜安區(qū)高三模擬試卷專項(xiàng)突破專題01 閱讀理解（含解析）

1、PAGE 第PAGE 頁碼17頁/總NUMPAGES 總頁數(shù)17頁【高考英語】2020-2022屆三年上海市靜安區(qū)高三模擬試卷專項(xiàng)突破專題01 閱讀理解上海市靜安區(qū)2022屆高三一模英語試卷Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one

2、that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A)A line of men tugged on ropes and dropped from the ship into the sea, with a group of Saibs prepared to pull them later from the sea bottom. Nasser, one of the divers, climbed over the railing of the ship and his

3、 Saib emptied his basket full of shells onto the deck. “Get me something to fill my stomach with, boy. ” I knew he was teasing as he is my fathers good friend. “But Im no longer an errand boy. Im a diver, like my father was. ” “Your father was bald and deaf, like the rest of us,” Nasser laughed. The

4、 salty Arabian Gulf produced the finest pearls in the world while the salty water also made divers lose their hair. Let alone the high pressure which cost them their hearing. I had shaved my head, in which way I felt more like a real diver. Of course, theres no need for me to worry about the hair pr

5、oblem. “Ive dived the shallow seas before, and I can hold my breath for a whole minute. ”“Just pull your rope before you feel breathless. ” He then disappeared into the water again. I tied a heavy stone to my foot with a rope. Taking one more deep breath, I plugged my nose and jumped. With the stone

6、 finally hitting the seabed with a thump, I freed my foot from the rope. I scratched at the rocky ridge(脊), when three oysters dropped into my hands. I even didnt have enough time to feel surprised at how easy the job was before I felt breathless. Out of horror, I dragged the rope. Knowing that, far

7、 above, the Saibs strong arms strained to pull me toward the surface, I reminded myself to endure for a little more time. Just when I thought my lungs would burst, my ears popped and there was light. Nasser burst through the water. He removed his nose plug and grinned at me looking at the three piti

8、ful shells on the deck. “Not bad for an errand boy. ” Seeing me upset with my head down, he patted me “Its your first for such a depth. You did better than all of us. ” Cheering up, I wrapped the empty basket around my neck and raised my chin, “Im a pearl diver. ”56. According to Nasser, what did an

9、 errand boy usually do?A. Pull divers from the sea. B. Empty baskets for divers. C Serve snacks for divers. D. Dive for shells. 57. Why did the author have his hair cut?A. Because he tried to avoid losing hair. B. Because all divers had shaved hair. C. Because high pressure made him bald. D. Because

10、 he wanted to look professional. 58. Why did the author get little harvest?A. Because there were not many pearls in the area. B. Because he still lacked experience in the job. C. Because the Saib pulled him up too early without permission. D. Because the rocky ridge was too rough. (B)These summer fe

11、stivals in New Orleans are few of the hottest happenings the City has to offer for holiday seekers. Oyster(牡蠣) FestivalTheres an old saying that its only safe to eat oysters in months ending in R, which was good advice in the age before refrigeration became a fashion. And thats exactly why originall

12、y the New Orleans Oyster Festival was held in June, to break up the myth as locals never bothered to preserve the creatures with their habit of directly eating the seafood, fresh from the sea. Today, featuring oysters harvested from the Gulf of Mexico, Oyster Fest is a celebration of the worlds favo

13、rite food. If youve ever wanted to enjoy the legendary oysters at Dragos where the recipe originated or take a bite out of an oyster the size of a hamburger, Oyster Fest is for you. When to Go: June 3-4 Essence FestivalNew Orleans holds a special place in African-American life and history, so it sho

14、uld be no surprise the city hosts a festival celebrating African-American music and culture in the United States. With free admission, Essence Festival, organized by the African-American womens magazine of the same name, is a combination of four days of dynamic speeches and a showcase of African- Am

15、erican artists. When to Go: June 29-July 2, Cajun-Zydeco FestivalSouthern Louisiana is home to a variety of rich, unique cultures, and on a weekend in June in New Orleans, one of themCajunis on full display. The heart of Cajun country is in south-central Louisiana, a strong showcase of Cajun culture

16、, for which the Cajun-Zydeco Festival emerged. On the particular weekend, you get ready to chew down on traditional food like Cajun gumbo at eateries, buy Cajun crafts, and purchase a Cajun T-shirt. When to Go: June 24-25 Running of the BullsDue to its history, the nish influence still shows itself

17、in New Orleans. The architectural style of the French Quarter is actually from in, and New Orleanss annual Running of the Bulls is, in part, a nod to the citys nish heritage. Unlike the nish festival in Pamplona, the “bulls” in the Fest are not actual bulls but the women of the Big Roller derby team

18、. However they do chase down white-and-red-clothed festival-goers, if infuriated. Therefore behave yourself or be prepared to run for life. When to Go: July 7-9,59. Why was New Orleans Oyster Festival held in June in the first place?A. Because refrigerator could be used to store oysters. B. Because

19、it was not easy for oysters to go bad in summer. C. Because oysters could be cooked in various ways to extend storage period. D. Because New Orleans oysters were usually served raw. 60. The underlined word “infuriated” is closest in meaning to _. A. exhibitedB. color-blindedC. angeredD. cheated 61.

20、Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A. Oyster Festival nowadays is designed for people seeking the history of oyster harvest. B. Essence Festival celebrates the freedom of African-American women. C. Cajun-Zydeco Festival is mainly celebrated through dining and shopping

21、. D. New Orleans has been stripped of nish influence. 62. In which magazine does the passage most probably appear?A. Vacation Guide. B. Genuine Recipe. C. Architecture Vision. D. Music Billboard. (C)You may be familiar with the statistic that 90% of the worlds data were created in the last few years

22、. The biggest setback with such a rate of information increase is that the present moment will always emerge far larger than the past. Short-sightedness is built into the structure, in the form of an overwhelming tendency to over-estimate near-term messages at the expense of history. To understand w

23、hy this matters, consider the findings from social science about recency bias(傾向), which describes the tendency to assume that future events will closely resemble recent experience. People tend to base thinking disproportionately on whatever comes most easily to mind. Its also worth remembering that

24、 novelty tends to be a dominant consideration when deciding what data to keep or delete. Out with the old and in with the new. Thats the digital trend in a world where search algorithms( 算法) are systematically biased towards freshness. They are designed in line with human preference. Such a bias tow

25、ards the present is structurally rooted in the human weakness that we keep deserting things we once cherished simply because we grow tired of them. Whats really needed is something thought of as “intelligent forgetting”: learning to let go of the immediate past in order to keep its larger continuiti

26、es in view. Its an act similar to organising a photograph album although with more maths. When are two million photographs less valuable than two thousand?Many data sets are irreducible and most precious when complete: gene sequences; demographic(人口的) data; the raw, hard knowledge of geography and p

27、hysics. The softer the science, however, the more likely that scale is reversely connected with quality. In these cases, time itself is rather important as a touch stone to judge the value of data. Either we choose carefully what endures, matters and meaningfully captures our past or its foot print

28、is silently replaced by the presents growing noise. Mere gathering is no cure-all answer. In an era of bigger and bigger data, the leading warning for those who have to make decisions is that what you choose not to know matters just as much as what you do. 63. What is the major problem with the expl

29、osion of recent information?A. Trends are too quickly produced. B. People have poor eyesight after viewing too much information. C. Present information is given too much emphasis. D. Prediction for future developments largely depends on the past information. 64, What causes widespread preference for

30、 newness?A. That algorithms require the latest information to make accurate prediction. B. That humans are accustomed to losing interest in old things. C. That short renewed period is the feature of modern data. D. That search algorithms keep uncovering the value of the newness. 65. Which of the fol

31、lowing statements is TRUE according to the passage?A. Recent experience is rarely used to provide reference for future events. B. The quality of geographic knowledge depends on photo sorting rather than full data. C. Intelligent forgetting refers to replacing the immediate past with far-back data. D

32、. Time helps us to evaluate data when the quality isnt in line with quantity. 66. What is the passage mainly about?A. The side effects of digital innovation. B. The values of complete data in softer subjects. C. The data discrimination caused by algorithms. D. The faulty preference for fresh data an

33、d ways out. 上海市靜安區(qū)2021屆高三一模英語試卷(A)The seven teenagers hurried towards the airport gate. Italys national under-16 swimming championship was taking place in Genoa and the boys were going to compete there. 14-year-old Marco Sulis looked around for his teammates. Their coach sat near them. While prepari

34、ng for take-off, the flight attendant began her routine safety briefing. Most of the passengers idled away the time engaging in chatting and eating. Although air crashes are alien to Marco, he, who perceived how vital the process was, would later remember all her words.During the flight, as earlier

35、instructed, he located the nearest emergency exit and made a mental note of the red handle behind a protective plastic shield. To open the door, one had to remove the plastic and pull the handle.Flanked by mountains to the north, the airport is often battered by strong winds. Flight 1553 was a short

36、 one. The sky that day was crystalline blue and visibility was perfect.At two minutes to touchdown, the plane rocked, which was later found to be out of mechanical faults. Soon, it touched down precariously on two wheels. The captain attempted to reduce the airplanes speed by braking hard but it was

37、 no use. Slipping sideways, the plane rushed out into the sea at high speed.Tons of water poured into the cabin. Passengers were shouting and rushing towards the emergency exit door. Marco watched people struggle with the door fruitlessly.“Let me do it!” Marco yelled, leaping out of his seat.Marco s

38、mashed the clear plastic with the palm of his hand. He grabbed the handle and pulled, using all the strength in his body. The emergency exit door finally swung open. However, the emergency door pinned Marcos leg down. Passengers passed Marco as they rushed out of the plane. Already soaking in water,

39、 Marco knew there was no time to waste. He pushed against the door as hard as he could and managed to free his leg. Marco exited from the plane finally and saw his coach and teammates bobbing in the waves. He began swimming towards the concrete pier(碼頭).The others followed.When they reached the pier

40、, they were safe at last. Even though four people were killed in the accident, many more survived because of Marco. Marco just simply said, All I did was to watch safety briefing.”56. Why did Marco remember the safety briefing?A. Because he used to meet with an air accident.B. Because he is excellen

41、t at remembering things.C. Because he was not used to eating and chatting on board.D. Because he realized the importance of flight safety measures.57. Which of the following statements is TRUE?A. Marco was the passenger sitting nearest to the emergency exit.B. The weather condition was good for flyi

42、ng on the day of the accident.C. The plane went wrong above in sky because of the battering of wind.D. The pilot braked and finally managed to slow down the plane.58. Why didnt Marco leave the plane as soon as the exit door was opened?A. Because he was trying to keep the exit door open for other pas

43、sengers.B. Because he was looking for the coach and teammates in the plane.C. Because one part of his body was stuck tight.D. Because he was afraid of the sea water outside the plane.59. Many people were finally saved mainly because.A. the crash on the runway was not seriousB. Marco managed to open

44、the exit doorC. they knew how to swim in the sea waterD. they received help from staff at concrete pier (B)Nicaragua is a land of opportunity fort ravelers. There are vast and varied activities one can have in this country.Hike Up the Mombacho VolcanoThis two-hour hike isnt going to be an easy one,

45、but it is a rewarding experience and will get your heart racing. You can look forward to beautiful views of several of the four craters, spotting wildlife, and enjoying the cooler temperature. In case of any encounter with some fierce creatures, it is recommended that you hire a tour guide at the we

46、lcome center who knows how to react at an emergency.Horseback Riding in the Cloud ForestsHorseback riding in the lush Nicaraguan countryside isnt something to miss. To prevent any danger a suspicious horse might bring, you have to book a packaged tour through a legal agency and then accompanied by a

47、 groom, you can enjoy a morning or afternoon exploring the backroads right outside the city of Granada. The best part of this experience is a visit to the Apoyo Lagoon, a nature reserve that originated about 23,000years ago. With a beautiful lake, it is a welcomed respite after riding in the hot sun

48、 for hours. Be sure to pack a bathing suit.Sunbathe in the Corn IslandsNot all activities have to be adrenaline-inducing. Take a break and enjoy the sunshine on theCorn Islands. The islands are about 43miles off the coast of Nicaragua and consist of Big Corn Island and Little Com Island. Sunny, with

49、 warm weather year round, these islands make for the perfect vacation. Visitors can enjoy lazy beach days by the crystal blue waters of the Caribbean Sea.Volcano Board at Cerro NegroFor those who dare to try Volcano boarding theres no better place than Cerro Negro. Cerro Negro is still an active vol

50、cano that last erupted in 1999 and is monitored closely by the Nicaraguan Seismic Network to prepare for the immediateevacuationin case of eruptions. When the volcano is behaving itself; it is the perfect play ground for adventurers.Whichever tour company you book, you will need to be prepared to ca

51、rry your board. The summit, from which you will board down, is about 2,388 feet, a height ideal for the activity. After a quick compulsory tutorial of what to do, you will put on your “flight suit”, gird your loins, and descend down the volcano. The entire experience is about three to five minutes,

52、depending on whether you stop or roll off your board.60. The underlined wordevacuationis closest in meaning to _. A. demonstrationB. withdrawalC. punishment D. entertainment61. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A. A tour guide is suggested for Mombacho hiking to stre

53、ngthen wildness experience.B. The experience at the Apoyo Lagoon reserve is as tiring as the horseback riding.C.Cerro Negro is perfect for volcano board because it is still active.D. Visitors must receive training before actually boarding from Cerro Negro peak.62. A person who likes taking charge of

54、 everything on his own in travel will most likely go to _. A. the Mombacho VolcanoB. the Cloud ForestsC. the Corn IslandsD. Cerro Negro (C)If youve ever taken a class in drawing, painting or pottery and in spite of your best effort, couldnt make the final result look anything like the model shown, y

55、ou may have thought, I dont have a creative bone in my body.”According to some scientists, who for the past 20 years have put the elusive subject of creativity through the rigors of research, you are underrating yourself Da Vinci you may never be, but when it comes to creativity, we are all somewhat

56、 blessed. Its learning to foster this unique tool of extraordinary productivity, and then applying it in everything you do, that counts to tell you from figures like Da Vinci.“Even if we dont have the good fortune to discover a new chemical element or write a great story, the love of the creative pr

57、ocess for its own sake is available to all,“says Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi inCreativity: Flow and Psychology of Discovery and Invention.Most people believe the realm of creativity has been awarded to those perceived to have special talent. We look upon these creative geniuses,“ as we often call them,

58、with awe and a bit of envy. Their abilities, most people assume, arc bestowed by good genes, or, as if in Greek mythology, from some kind of divine inspiration.There is no argument that the world is never short of highly talented and creative people. They are masters of their trades and stand heads

59、and shoulders above commoners, making new pathways for others to follow, and providing greater context and understanding of our world. It could be said that without creativity humanity would not evolve so rapidly.But like a publicly recognized creative baseball player who hones his skill through yea

60、rs of continuous training,foresting other pursuits for the sole passion, people who show the slightest reluctance for arduous labor are bound to witness their boasted ability disappearAfter closely studying 91 creative and influential people, including novelists, playwrights, composers, musicians an