高一英語必修一-人教版SectionⅣGrammar-定語從句(Ⅱ)

1、高一英語必修一-人教版Section IV Grammar 一 定語從句（口）高一英語必修一-人教版Section IV Grammar 一 定語從句(U )Section IV Grammar 一定語從句（n ）語法精析塔然盛翻糊淵蹈瞄報德想墨描“朋做腳熱翻稔新知導引.（教材 P34）The time when I first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of my life.（教材 P34）It was in 1952 and Mandela was the black lawyer to whom I went for a

2、dvice.（教材 P34）He was generous with his time, for which I was grateful.（教材 P34）The school where I studied for only two years was three kilometres away.（教材 P34）However, this was a time when one had got to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg.（教材 P34） . . until today we have reached a stage where we

3、 have almost no rights at all.（教材 P34）The places outside the towns where they were sent to live were the poorest parts of South Africa.（教材 P34） . . we were put into a position in which we had either to accept we were less important, or fight the government.語法詳解定語從句除了由關系代詞引導外，還可由關系副詞when, where, why

4、引導，它們在從句中作狀語。.關系副詞when引導的定語從句when表示時間，代替先行詞并在定語從句中作時間狀語，其先行詞往往是表示時間的 名詞，如 time, day, hour, year 等。Wewill never forget the year when the 29th Olympic Gameswere held in Beijing.我們將永遠不會忘記第29屆奧運會在北京舉辦的那一年。 He lived in a time when the blind couldnt get much education.他生活在一個盲人得不到教育的時期。溫馨提示：when是關系副詞，在從句中只

5、能作狀語，而不能作賓語或主語。關系詞如果在從句中作主語或賓語要用關系代詞which或that ,作賓語時常常省略關系代詞。Do you remember the days when we chatted with each other all night?你還記得我們整夜聊天的那些日子嗎？（when在從句中作狀語）Do you remember the days that/which we spent together on the farm?你還記得我們在農場一起度過的那些日子嗎？（that或which作spent的賓語）.關系副詞 where引導的定語從句where表示地點，代替先行詞并在

6、定語從句中作地點狀語，其先行詞往往是表示地點的 名詞，如 place, factory, house, village等。The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down.我十年前居住的那所房子已經(jīng)被拆了。He is now working in the factorywhere his father worked.現(xiàn)在他正在他父親工作過的那家工廠工作。溫馨提示：（1）若表示地點的先行詞在從句中不作地點狀語時，不可用 where來引導定 語從句，若作主語或賓語時，應用 which或that來引導定語從句。This is the

7、 house which/that was built by my grandfather forty years ago.這是我爺爺在40年前建造的房子。（定語從句中缺少主語，所以用 which/that ，不用 where）The school （which/that） we visited yesterday is newly built.我們昨天參觀的那所學校是新建的。（關系代詞which/that在從句中作賓語）2） 一些特殊名詞后用 where引導定語從句。如果定語從句前面的先行詞是point,situation, condition, stage和 case 等，且在從句中作狀語

8、時，應用 where 來引導定語從句。We have come to the point where we have to face such a problem.我們已到了必須面對這樣一個問題的地步了。Its helpful to put children in a situation where they can see themselvesdifferently.把孩子們放到一個能夠讓他們從不同角度看待自己的環(huán)境中，這對他們有幫助。. 關系副詞 why 引導的定語從句why 表示原因，代替先行詞并在定語從句中作原因狀語，其先行詞一般是reason 這個詞。I dont know the

9、reason why he didnt turn to his good friend for help yesterday.我不知道昨天他為什么沒向他的好朋友求助。Can you tell me the reason why you didnt come to his birthday party?你能告訴我你沒參加他的生日宴會的原因嗎？溫馨提示： 若先行詞 reason 在從句中不作狀語， 而作主語或賓語時， 應用 that 或 which 來引導定語從句。I wont listen to the reason that/which you have given us.我堅決不聽你提供給我

10、們的那個理由。 （ 定語從句中缺少賓語，所以用 which/that ，不 用 why）The reason why/for which you failed, I think, was that you had not followed your mothers advice.我認為你失敗的原因是你沒有聽你母親的忠告。 ( 定語從句中缺少狀語，所以用 why 或 for which) “介詞關系代詞”引導的定語從句當關系代詞在定語從句中作介詞的賓語時， 我們通常用 “介詞關系代詞” 引導定語從句。如果指“人” ，用“介詞whom” ；如果指“物”，用“介詞 which ”。選用介詞的依據(jù)：根

11、據(jù)定語從句中謂語動詞的搭配習慣( 即固定短語) 。Yesterday we visited the West Lake for which Hangzhou is famous.昨天我們參觀了西湖，杭州因其而出名。根據(jù)先行詞的搭配習慣( 約定俗成，不一定是短語) 。The old woman with whom you talked just now is a famous artist.剛才和你們說話的老太太是一個著名的藝術家。根據(jù)句子的意思來選擇。My computer, without which I cant surf the Internet, broke down yesterda

12、y.昨天我的電腦壞了，沒有它我不能網(wǎng)上沖浪。表“所有”關系或“整體中的一部分”時，常用 . of which/whom 引導定語從句。I have about ten books, half of which were written by Mo Yan. 我有大約 10 本書，其中一半是莫言寫的。The old man has two sons, both of whom are lawyers.這位老人有兩個兒子，兩個兒子都是律師。( 短語拆開后含義發(fā)正)溫馨提示：在定語從句中，有一些含介詞的動詞短語不可拆開使用生變化 ) ，如 look after, look for 等。The bab

13、ies whom the nurses are looking after are very healthy.(The babies after whom the nurses are looking are very healthy.（誤 ）考情分析關系副詞和 “介詞 which ” 引導的定語從句是定語從句考查的重點和難點， 尤其是 “介 詞 which ”引導的定語從句中介詞的選擇。另外，當先行詞是表示時間、地點和原因的詞時，要用哪個關系詞還要看關系詞在定語從句中所作的成分?？谠E助記（口 訣一）定語從句真奇妙，關系代（副）詞來引導， 定語從句分兩種， 是否限定看逗號。（口訣二）which

14、指物 who指人，地點where時間when, that人或物均可，why 之前是 reason。即時訓練I .單句填空Wewill put off the picnic in the park until next week, when the weather may be better.He wrote a letter where he explained what had happened in the accident.Many people were afraid to go to the forest when they remembered the scenes where p

15、eople were eaten by the tiger.n .完成句子. 一些學齡前兒童去日間托兒所，在那里他們學習簡單的游戲和歌曲。Somepre - school children go to a day care center where they learnsimple gamesand songs.今天，我們將討論一些英語初學者不能正確使用語言的情況。Today, well discuss a number of cases where_new English learners fail to use the language properly.我遲到的原因是我的車在路上拋錨了。

16、The reason why I was late was that my car broke down on the way.我們生活在一五匕而田麗候都更容易獲得信息的時代。We live in an age when information is available with greater ease than ever before.許多國家現(xiàn)在都在建立國家公園，在那里動植物可以受到保護。Many countries are now setting up national parks where animals and plants can be protected.m.單句填空I wi

17、sh to thank Professor Smith, without whose help I would never have got this far.He may win the competition, in which case he is likely to get into the national team.He wrote many childrens books, nearly half of which were published in the 1990s.Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill upo

18、n which school education depends.I was told that there were about 50 foreign students studying（study） Chinese in the school, most of whom were from Germany.W.根據(jù)句意在空白處廟高應的“介詞+關系代詞”The clever boy made a hole in the wall, through which he could see what was happening inside the house.The age at which c

19、hildren can go to school is seven.The dog, of which she used to be afraid, is her favourite animal now.高一英語必修一-人教版Section IV Grammar 一 定語從句（口）高一英語必修一-人教版Section IV Grammar 一 定語從句（口）The speed at_which Tom drives his car is too high.Tom is the boy with whom I went to the cinema together.髻咖瞅腌授時詼然橇譚德急硼相

20、眥曬熊熊煦簿堂訓練疝佳I落實I .單句語法填空Wewent through a period when communications were very difficult in the rural areas.We visited the car factory where my uncle once worked three years ago.He didnt tell me the reason why he was so excited.Do you still remember the day when we met on the train for the first time?

21、The school where he once worked is famous for its beautiful scenery.Could you tell me something about the girl whose father is an astronaut?Is this the classroom where the old soldier is going to give us a speech?Ill never forget the time that/which we spent together in the army camp.Ill never forge

22、t the day when I joined the League.I know the girl whom the teacher talked with yesterday.National Day is a special day which/that we should keep in mind.I will never forget the winter holiday when we stayed together.n .單句改錯The book which cover is broken was bought by Tom yesterday. which fwhoseIn B

23、eijing we visited the Birds Nest which the 29th Olympics were held.which 一 whereI dont believe the reason why he explained to me just now.wh尸 that/whichI will never forget the day on that I first came to his beautiful school. that fwhichHave you visited the city where was named after the first presi

24、dent of the USA?wherefwhichThere was a period of time in his childhood that he liked listening to stories very much.that fwhenThis is the factory which he worked ten years ago.which fwhereHe got to the station at five thirty where the bus had already left.where fwhen面.語法與寫作The reason why_he_could_no

25、t_go_there was that he was ill in bed.他不能到那里去的原因豆他臥山在床。We are living in an age when_many_things_are_done on computer.我們生活在許多事情可以在電腦工做的時代。After graduation he returned to the small town where/in which he grew up.畢業(yè)以后，他回到那個他長大的小鎮(zhèn)上。一I dont like the way (that/inwhich) you spoketo your parents.我不喜歡你跟你父母講話

26、的方式。The house which_was_destroyed in the terrible fire has been repaired.那間在大火中被毀壞的而已經(jīng)被重新修好了。Ill never forget the days when I worked together with you.我永遠也不會忘記和你一起工作的日子。課時彳業(yè)（二十）Unit 5 Section IV Grammar 一 定語從句（n ）I .單句語法填空Could you tell me the reason why you were late for your work yesterday?The car

27、 whose window got broken in the accident belongs to Mr Brown.This is the primary school where both my brother and I stayed for six years.This is the little girl whose parents both got killed in the train accident last year.Mother always remembers the day when I was born.Though it is reasonable for t

28、he director toeducate his staff, I dont likethe way that/in which he spoke to them.This is the house where my grandfather lived three years ago.The reason that/which he explained at the meeting was not sound.I still remember the day on which I first came to this school.I will miss the days when I st

29、ayed with my host family in Paris.n .閱讀理解On her first day teaching students from poor families at an after -school program in New York City, Alyssa Kapasi noticed how many kids were lining up for free sandwiches and fruit in the school cafeteria. One of the workers explained that many of these stude

30、nts dont get enough to eat at home, so a school lunch or an after -school meal might be the most food they would get all day.Kapasi, who attends private school, was very surprised. Whats more, she made up her mind to help. I want other kids to understand that if you see a problem, you dont have to w

31、ait to grow up to fix it says Kapasi. She and a group of friends are now putting their programming skills to work to create an app called Food for Thought, which will allow parents, students, and even kind- hearted strangers todonate to a lunch account for a student in need at a nearby school.About

32、20 million American kids receive free lunches. Two million more can have low - price meals, and those students families have to pay for part of their food.Whenthey dont have the money on any given day, the students might have to settle for an “ alternative（可替代的）meal such as a cheese sandwich.The app

33、 which is getting financial（ 財政的）support from a GoFundMe page provides anonymity（ 匿名）to those who receive lunch and donors. To receive help, a family will need only a recommendation（ 推薦）from a school teacher, and no one else has to know.want to make an app that all users feel no shame in usingsays K

34、apasi.She hopes to test the app in a school district this fall.【語篇解讀】本文是記敘文。文章介紹了美國紐約市一名叫Alyssa Kapasi的女孩設計了 一款應用程序來解決貧困家庭學生的饑餓問題。Why does Kapasi want to create an app?To teach kids how to help others.To practise her programming skills.To introduce her school to the public.To solve the problem of hu

35、nger in schools.答案與解析：D推理判斷題。第一段介紹了 Kapasi設計應用程序的緣由一一她看到許 多在學校餐廳排隊領取免費食物的孩子并了解到很多孩子在家吃不飽；再由第二段中的shemade up her mind to help.to work to create an app called Food for Thought可知，她致力于解決貧困家庭學生的饑餓問題。What does the underlined phrase “settle for in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A. Buy. B . Make.C. Accept. D . Of

36、fer.答案與解析：C 詞義猜測題。由前文中的About 20 million American kids receivefree lunches. Two million more can have low- price meals 可知，本段介紹了美國孩子享受免費或者低價午餐的情況。對于那些沒有錢支付低價午餐的孩子，他們可以得到諸如奶酪三明治之類的食物來替代午餐。What should a family do if they want to get help from Food for Thought?Visit a GoFundMe page.Get in touch with Kapa

37、si.Be recommended by teachers.Donate something else instead.答案與解析：C 細節(jié)理解題。由倒數(shù)第二段中的 To receive help, a family will need only a recommendation from a school teacher可知，想要獲得 Food for Thought 幫助的家庭，只需被學校老師推薦即可。What can we infer about the users of Kapasis app?They wont lose face in using it.They will make

38、 money by using it.They will know who offers them help.They wont meet their donors until this fall.答案與解析：A 推理判斷題。由倒數(shù)第二段中的The vides anonymity tothose who receive lunch and donors 和最后段中的 I want to make an app that all users feel no shame in using 可知，該應用軟件提供匿名服務，這樣不會讓使用者丟面子。出.閱讀填句How to keep a t

39、idy deskWorking at a clean desk can often be more effective（有效的 ）! _1_ ? Thefollowing will help you to have a tidy desk.?Only keep things you really need on and near your desk. Use a tray（ 文件盤）for any papers you have to read. Have a small box for pens and pencils and have a rubbish bin near your des

40、k.?_2_. Go to the kitchen when you want to have a drink or, if you prefer, keep a drink on a small table near your desk.?Cut down the amount of paper that you use.Try to keep as much informationas possible on your computer. Before printing a document（文件）,ask yourself,“ 3 ? ”?Use your smartphone to t

41、ake photos of things you need to remember. For example, take photos of notes to yourself, the name and address of a place you need to visit or diagrams you need to study for school.?Get a noticeboard. _4_ , use a noticeboard on the wall. Check it every day and throw old notes in the bin.?Clean your

42、desk at the end of every day._5_! If you do it every day, itwill only take five minutes and you can start each new day with a clean and tidy space.Whatever youre writing downDont keep any drinks on your deskDo I really need to read this on paperChoose a time to tidy your desk and do itIf you really

43、do need to keep small bits of paperIs a noticeboard a good way to organize bits of paperDo you want to start cleaning, but you do not know how【語篇解讀】本文是說明文。文章介紹了幾條如何保持書桌整齊的小竅門。G 該空后的 The following will help you to have a tidy desk是對 G項中的you do not know how 的回答。B 由該空后的 Go to the kitchen.to have a drin

44、k和 keep a drink on a smalltable near your desk 可知，本段建議不要在書桌上擺放任何飲料。故選B項。C 由該空前的 Try to keep as much information as possible on your computer 和Before printing a document 可知，打印文件前，問一問自己“是否真的需要閱讀紙質 內容”。這與本段小標題Cut down the amount of paper that you use相呼應。E 由本段小標題 Get a noticeboard 和該空后的throw old notes 可

45、知，如果真 的需要保存一些小紙片，可以利用墻上的布告欄。E項中的small bits of paper 與notes相呼應。D D項中的 Choose a time to tidy your desk與本段小標題 Clean your desk atthe end of every day 相呼應。W.完形填空AfterI graduatedfrom college,I triedto find work. I applied（申請）everywherebut no one 1 me. Finally I 2 a job ina group homefor mentallydisabled（

46、有心理缺陷的 ）people. It wasnt 3 work. Our work included the feeding, dressing, and safety of our clients （委托人）.Also we had to take them to theirsupported jobs, and help them to _4_ thejr behaviors when they acted out. It was a difficult job emotionally（感情上）and I really wasnt _5_ for jt. In fact, Ididnt _

47、6_ to go to work each day.One of our clients was a young man who couldnt _7_ and would often behave badly when wanting to express something. He did 8 walking outside, however, so the other workers would often have me take him for a walk up the road to _9_ him_down. One day when we were out 10, I sud

48、denly felt something touch my fingers. The young man was trying to 11 my hand.12 pushing it away, I took his 13and we walked along together in the sunshine. Then as we turned to head back to the homeI _14_ it. There was a light shining in his eyes. It was full of love, happiness and goodness. In tha

49、t moment I saw past his _15_ behaviors. I saw who he really was.Little did I know that 16 would help prepare me for my own two sons mental illness. It would help me to see the _17_ that lay within them as well and learn that caring for them was not a 18 but an honor（榮幸）.It would help meto realize th

50、ey were to be my greatest _19_. They taught me how to live and how to love. They showed me the only way to make sure that love and happiness live on our planet is to _20_ them there ourselves.一 由篇解讀】本文是記敘文。作者大學畢業(yè)后，在一家看護中心照顧有心理缺陷的人。這段工作經(jīng)歷以及后來照顧患有精神病的兩個兒子教會了作者如何生活、如何給予他人關高一英語必修一-人教版Section IV Grammar

51、一 定語從句(U )高一英語必修一-人教版Section IV Grammar 一 定語從句(U )愛。1 A.acceptedC helped答案與解析： A。B understoodD praised由 I applied everywhere but 可知， 此處表示沒有人 “接受 (accepted)A.created B offeredC got D refused答案： CA.dangerous B easyC safe D difficult答案與解析： B 由 Our work included the feeding, dressing, and safety of our可

52、知，最終作者在一家看護clients 以及下文中的 It was a difficult job emotionally中心“找到了 (got) ”一份工作。那不是一份“容易的 (easy) ”工作。A.change B judgeC control D show答案與解析： C 由上文中的 mentally disabled people 以及本句中的 acted out 可知， 此處表示幫助那些有心理缺陷的人“控制 (control) ”自己的行為。A.sorry B readyC thankful D regretful答案： BA.ask B agreeC promise D want

53、答案與解析： D 由 It was a difficult job emotionally可知， “我”真的沒有“準備好 (ready) ”從事這份工作。事實上， “我”每天都不“想(want) ”去上班。A.talk B hearC see D learn答案與解析： A 由本句中的 would often behave badly when wanting to express something 可推斷，這位委托人有言語障礙，故選 talk 。A.hate B practiceC consider D enjoy答案與解析： D 由下文中的 so the other workers would