非謂語動(dòng)詞之過去分詞

1、實(shí)用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)文案實(shí)用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)文案精彩文檔精彩文檔Unit 1過去分詞做定語和表語Part 1過去分詞作定語例句仔細(xì)觀察下列句子中的過去分詞的用法。The polluted water was to blame.We should also respect the retired workers.Paper cuts used for religious purposes are often found in temples.He is a teacher loved by his students.The student dressed in white is my daughter. = The s

2、tudent who is dressed in white is my daughter.歸納.過去分詞作定語時(shí)，表示的動(dòng)作在 之前發(fā)生，已經(jīng)完成（見句 1）。作定語的過去分詞由 動(dòng)詞變時(shí)，和所修飾的詞語之間是 關(guān)系。不及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞也可作定語，一般作前置定語，不表示被動(dòng)意義，只強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作完成。如句2中的retired , 又如：蓬葉;的太陽。.單個(gè)的過去分詞作定語一般放在被修飾的名詞 （見句1、句2）。作定語要放在被修飾的名詞后面，作后置定語，表示被動(dòng)或完成，其作用相當(dāng)于一個(gè)（見句3、句4、句5）。拓展.如果被修飾的詞是由 every / some / any / no + thing

3、/ body / one所構(gòu)成的復(fù)合代詞或指示代詞those或these等時(shí)，即使是單一的過去分詞作定語， 也要放在被修飾詞的后面。如：There is nothing changed here since I left this town.過去分詞短語有時(shí)還可用作非限制性定語，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)非限制性定語從句，前后用逗號(hào)分開。如：Some of them, born and brought up in rural villages, had never seen a train.【練一練】一、用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。This is the severely （pollute） lake I me

4、ntioned to you the other day.Huang Lin （educate）in Germany has the ability to deal with such a situation well.Do you know the number of books(order) by the library?Most of the artists(invite ) to the party were from South America.Don t use words, expressions or phrases only(know) to people with spec

5、ial knowledge.二、完成句子(運(yùn)用過去分詞做定語).在會(huì)議上提出的問題對(duì)我們來說很嚴(yán)重。The problem at the meeting is serious to us.不要擔(dān)心。在結(jié)冰的湖上滑冰是相當(dāng)安全的。Don t worry. It s quite safe skating on the.為了把英語學(xué)好，你應(yīng)該提高你的口語和書面英語。In order to learn English well, you should improve your and.他十分同情暴曬在太陽下的農(nóng)民工。.靠近窗戶有一個(gè)裝滿書的書架注意：不定式、-ing分詞及動(dòng)詞的過去分詞做定語的區(qū)別(1

6、)不定式作定語時(shí)，表示即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作；-ing分詞作定語時(shí)，表示主動(dòng)或正 在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作；動(dòng)詞的過去分詞作定語時(shí)，表示已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作。如：The text to be learnt tomorrow is said to be very difficult.明天要學(xué)的那篇課文據(jù)說很難。The song learnt last week is very interesting.上周所學(xué)的那首歌彳艮有趣。The sleeping boy is Li Lei s bother.正在睡覺的男孩是李蕾的弟弟。The boiled water can be drunk.開過的水可以被飲用。The quest

7、ion t is afternoon is of great importance.今天下午要討論的問題很重要。The question last night is of great importance.昨晚所討論的問題很重要。The question now is of great importance.現(xiàn)在所討論的問題很重要。(2)使-ing分詞作定語時(shí)，表示事物的性質(zhì)或特征；使動(dòng)詞的過去分詞作定語時(shí)， 表小人的心理狀態(tài)。如：an interesting story有趣的故事an interested boy 感興趣的男孩a surprising gift意想不至a surprising

8、 gift意想不至U的禮物叫聲a moving deed件感人的事跡人群a frightening dog 令人害怕的狗 的男孩an exhausting job令人疲倦的工作表情a surprised cry感到吃驚的a moved group彳艮受感動(dòng)的a frightened boy 感至U害怕an exhausted expression 疲憊的Part 2過去分詞作表語例句仔細(xì)觀察下列句子中的過去分詞的用法。The street is lined with small shops.Tom was astonished to see his father.歸納過去分詞作表語時(shí)，與謂語動(dòng)

9、詞構(gòu)成 結(jié)構(gòu)，表示主語的性質(zhì)、特征和狀態(tài)。辨析.過去分詞作表語時(shí)與被動(dòng)語態(tài)的區(qū)別：過去分詞作表語，主要表示主語的狀 態(tài)和特征，而被動(dòng)語態(tài)則表小動(dòng)作。如：The cup was broken by my little sister yesterday.The library is now closed.有些動(dòng)詞如interest, worry, surprise, frighten等通常用其過去分詞形式來說明人的情況，用動(dòng)詞-ing形式來說明物的情況。如：The book is interesting and I m interested in it.強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練從A、B、C、D中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Th

10、e Emperor s New Clothes is an text. All of us are aboutit.A. exciting; exciting B. excited; excited C. excited; exciting D.exciting; excitedWith leaves in the earth every year, the soil becomes richer and richer.A. falling; burying B. fallen; buried C. fallen; burying D. falling; buriedII m very wit

11、h the dish I cooked. It looks nice and smells delicious.Mm. It does have a smell.A. pleasant; pleased B. pleased; pleased C. pleasant; pleasant D.pleased; pleasantI have read plenty of books by Lu Xun.A. written B. wroteC. writesD. writingHis nephew, at sea when he was fifteen, had been his only rel

12、ative.A. losing B. losesC. lostD. being lostThey had beef and for supper.A. smoking fish B. fish smoking C. fish to smoke D. smoked fishShe asked if there was anything for tonight.A. to plan B. plannedC. that plans D. Planning【鞏固練習(xí)】一.使用一ing從句或-ed從句，使兩個(gè)句子合并為一句.I didn t talk much to the man. The man w

13、as sitting next to me on the plane.The taxi broke down. The taxi was taking us to the airport.At the end of the street there is a path. The path leads to the river.A window was broken in the storm last night. It has now been repaired.A number of suggestions were made at the meeting. Most of them wer

14、e not practical （實(shí)際的）.A man was arrested（ 逮捕）by the police. What was his name?,選擇正確答案It s sometimes embarrassing/ embarrassed when you have to askpeople for money.Do you easily get embarrassing/ embarrassed?I had never expected to get the job. I was really amazed/amazing when I was offered it.She ha

15、s really learnt very fast. She has made astonishing/ astonished progress.I didn t find the situation funny. I was not amusing/amused.It was a really terrifying/terrified experience. Afterwardseverybodywas shocking/shocked.Why do you look so boring/bored? Is your life really so boring/bored?He s one

16、of the most boring/bored people I ve ever met. He never stops talking and never says anything interesting/interested.二.用動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空。Do you know the boy(lie) under the big tree?Many feared that Columbus would fall off the edge of the earth, (believe) to be flat.The speech which he made (concern ) the f

17、ootball match bored a lot of fans to death.If the building project(complete ) by the end of this month is delayed, the construction company will be fined.To fetch water before breakfast seemed to him a rule never(break).四，完成下列句子.他將會(huì)參加今年10月份舉辦的中文演講比賽。He w川 take part in the competition.I，m Li hua, a C

18、hinese student（在你們的大學(xué)參加暑假課程）The Chinese version of this book,（在 2010 年出版）, began to sell in China at the beginning of 2011.當(dāng)他想到要長時(shí)間暴曬在太陽下，他異常沮喪。五、用括號(hào)里的動(dòng)詞的正確形式完成下面文章。1Many years ago, a young foreigner_1(call) Marco Polo traveled all the way from Italy to China. From then on a window to the east has b

19、een _2(open) for westerners.Two kinds of gold coins once 3(make) by Europeans showed their respects to the great explorer.Marco Polo was _4(bear) in 1254.He lived in Venice, a rich city in Italy. Marco s father and uncle were merchants. They had traveled to the east. So when Marco was young, he enjo

20、yed _5(listen) to the stories about the places 6(visit) by his father. His fatherdecided _7(take) him on a trip. When Marco Polo was just 17, he left his country for China. They were among the first to go along the silk road. They had a lot of trouble in _8(explore) . So it was a hard trip for Marco

21、 Polo, but he was very brave. After about four years, Marco met Kublai Khan who gave him a job. Mar-co spent 17 years_9(work) for him. He visited most parts of China. He learnt lots of 10(interest) things about Chinese life. When he returned home, he let others know about things like coal and paper

22、money. He wrote about his trip in a famous book.六、寫作運(yùn)用(1)根據(jù)所給提示寫一篇英語短文，描述李平為了實(shí)現(xiàn)夢(mèng)想而努力學(xué)好英語的決 心和做法。期望父母期望他出國學(xué)習(xí)；出國學(xué)習(xí)也是他本人的夢(mèng)想決心學(xué)好英語；他會(huì)排除萬難，不遺余力地實(shí)現(xiàn)這個(gè)目標(biāo)。做法盡力掌握語法規(guī)則，記單詞；珍惜每個(gè)練習(xí)英語的機(jī) 會(huì)；堅(jiān)持到底，相信自己這是非常必要的【寫作要求】(1)只能用5個(gè)句子表達(dá)全部內(nèi)容；(2)盡可能多地使用非謂語動(dòng)詞(不定式)。LiPing， s parents, which is also his dream, and therefore, he was . Even though he know clearly that it isn t an easy job, he w川 and. In order to