《空間數(shù)據(jù)庫概論》教學(xué)大綱

1、空間數(shù)據(jù)庫概論（雙語）(Introduction to Spatial Database (Bilingual)教學(xué)大綱課程名稱Course Name：空間數(shù)據(jù)庫概論（雙語）(Introduction to Spatial Database (Bilingual)課程編碼Course Code：1302ZY044課程類別/性質(zhì)Course Type：專業(yè)/選修Elective Course學(xué)分Credits：2.0總學(xué)時Total Hours：32/24/8開課單位Department：地球科學(xué)學(xué)院School of Geosciences適用專業(yè)Major Applied：地理信息科學(xué)Geo

2、graphical Information Science先修課程Prerequisites：地理信息系統(tǒng)原理Principles of Geographic Information System、數(shù)據(jù)庫原理與應(yīng)用Database Principles & Applications一、課程簡介 Course Introduction空間數(shù)據(jù)庫概論是一門地理信息科學(xué)專業(yè)的專業(yè)選修課。本課程介紹空間數(shù)據(jù)庫的基本知識和基本原理。本課程的主要內(nèi)容涵蓋國內(nèi)外數(shù)據(jù)庫理論的起源、發(fā)展與主要方向，以及空間數(shù)據(jù)相關(guān)的數(shù)學(xué)基礎(chǔ)知識，空間信息模型、存貯管理相關(guān)的結(jié)構(gòu)表達(dá)與操作算法。通過本課程的學(xué)習(xí)，要求學(xué)生對各種空

3、間數(shù)據(jù)的存貯和管理技術(shù)有較全面的了解，具備針對空間數(shù)據(jù)庫的設(shè)計與實現(xiàn)、理論與方法體系全面地理解和應(yīng)用的能力。除專業(yè)知識外，通過穿插講解國產(chǎn)地理空間數(shù)據(jù)庫的特性和優(yōu)勢，激發(fā)學(xué)生的愛國熱情，增強學(xué)生的民族自豪感和自信心，進而為從事GIS應(yīng)用系統(tǒng)及其數(shù)據(jù)庫的工作研究打下基礎(chǔ)。保證學(xué)生達(dá)成專業(yè)的相應(yīng)畢業(yè)要求。The course “Introduction to Spatial Database” is a elective course for the major of Geographic Information Science. This course introduces the basic

4、knowledge and principles of spatial database. The main content of this course covers the origin, development and main direction of database theory, as well as the basic mathematical knowledge related to spatial data, spatial information model, structure expression and operation algorithm related to

5、storage management.After learning this course, students will have a more comprehensive understanding of various spatial data storage and management techniques, and have the ability to comprehensively understand and apply the design and implementation of spatial database, theory and method system. In

6、 addition to the professional knowledge, the characteristics and advantages of the domestic geospatial database are introduced to stimulate students patriotic enthusiasm, enhance students national pride and self-confidence, and thus make a foundation for the research of GIS application system and it

7、s database. To ensure that students meet the graduation requirements of their major.二、課程教學(xué)目標(biāo) Course Objective通過本課程的學(xué)習(xí)，使學(xué)生掌握空間數(shù)據(jù)庫的基本原理、設(shè)計實現(xiàn)等一系列技術(shù)應(yīng)用體系，樹立尊重客觀規(guī)律、實事求是、嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)求實的優(yōu)良作風(fēng)。授課過程采用中英文相結(jié)合，既要讓學(xué)生理解和消化課程內(nèi)容，又要讓學(xué)生熟悉和適應(yīng)英語教學(xué)方式和環(huán)境。為后續(xù)相關(guān)專業(yè)課程學(xué)習(xí)，以及畢業(yè)后從事實際生產(chǎn)或科學(xué)研究打下堅實基礎(chǔ)。After learning this course, students can mas

8、ter the basic principles of spatial database, design and implementation of a series of technical application systems, except that establish a fine style of respecting objective laws, seeking truth from facts, and rigorous and realistic. The teaching process uses a combination of Chinese and English,

9、 which not only allows students to understand and digest the contents of the course, but also allows students to be familiar with and adapt to the English teaching environment. It will lay a solid foundation for the subsequent study of relevant professional courses, practical production and scientif

10、ic research after graduation.價值目標(biāo)（或稱育人目標(biāo)）Value Aim：培養(yǎng)學(xué)生尊重客觀數(shù)據(jù)的職業(yè)精神和嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)、求實的科學(xué)態(tài)度，使學(xué)生在獲得專業(yè)知識的同時，也受到思想品德的熏陶。Cultivate students professional spirit of respecting objective, rigorous and realistic attitude toward science, so that students can not only acquire professional knowledge, but also influenced by

11、ideology and moral character. 知識和能力目標(biāo)Teaching Foundational Requirements：（1）理解空間數(shù)據(jù)的基本表達(dá)和組織形式（畢業(yè)要求：7.3）；（2）掌握空間數(shù)據(jù)庫設(shè)計基本步驟和方法（畢業(yè)要求：7.3）；（3）熟練掌握空間數(shù)據(jù)的采集和編輯（畢業(yè)要求：9.1）；（4）具有利用空間數(shù)據(jù)庫解決實際問題的能力（畢業(yè)要求：9.1）。（1）Understand the basic representation and organization of spatial data (Graduation requirement: 7.3);（2）Mas

12、ter the basic design steps for spatial database (Graduation requirement: 7.3);（3）Proficient in spatial data collection and editing (Graduation requirement: 9.1);（4）The ability of using spatial database to solve practical problems (Graduation requirement: 9.1).三、課程教學(xué)內(nèi)容及學(xué)時分配 Distribution of Teaching C

13、ontent and Class Hours課堂教學(xué)包括課堂教學(xué)、課堂研討、課堂及課后習(xí)題三部分，包5章的理論教學(xué)和4個實驗內(nèi)容。課內(nèi)理論教學(xué)24學(xué)時、實驗8學(xué)時（詳見本大綱第四部分）。課堂理論教學(xué)內(nèi)容、要求及學(xué)時分配如下：Teaching content consists of three parts: classroom teaching, classroom discussion, exercises in class and after class, including 5 chapters of theoretical teaching and 4 practices. There

14、are 24 class hours of theoretical teaching and 8 class hours of practice (As shown in the fourth part of the syllabus for details). The contents, requirements and class hours are as follows:章節(jié)內(nèi)容Contents思政融入點Ideological and political point要求requirement學(xué)時Class hour支撐畢業(yè)要求指標(biāo)點Graduation requirement point

15、理解Understand掌握Master分析與應(yīng)用Analysis and Application前言Introduction課程的性質(zhì)和任務(wù)，以及學(xué)習(xí)方法Course tasks and learning methods教育學(xué)生在地理信息工程實踐中理解并遵守工程職業(yè)道德和規(guī)范，履行責(zé)任。Teaching students to understand and abide engineering professional ethics and fulfill the responsibilities of geographic information engineering.中Medium中Me

16、dium低Low11.3第一章緒論Introduction第一節(jié)空間數(shù)據(jù)庫的需求Requirements介紹我國地理空間數(shù)據(jù)庫的發(fā)展歷程，提升學(xué)生的專業(yè)認(rèn)同感。Introduce the development of geospatial database of China to enhance students sense of career.高High高High高High31.4第二節(jié)定義Definition高High中Medium低Low第三節(jié)數(shù)據(jù)庫歷史History中Medium中Medium低Low第四節(jié)DBMSDBMS高High中Medium低Low第五節(jié)各種各樣的數(shù)據(jù)庫Datab

17、ases中Medium中Medium低Low第六節(jié)什么是GISWhat is GIS高High中Medium低Low第七節(jié)GIS特征Characteristics高High中Medium低Low第二章數(shù)據(jù)庫基礎(chǔ)Database fundamentals第一節(jié)基本概念Basic concepts融入國產(chǎn)數(shù)據(jù)庫的介紹，增強學(xué)生的自豪感。Integrate the introduction of domestic database to enhance students sense of pride.高High中Medium低Low47.3第二節(jié)概念數(shù)據(jù)建模Conceptual data model

18、ing高High高High中Medium第三節(jié)關(guān)系模型Relational model高High高High高High第四節(jié)面向?qū)ο竽Ｐ蚈OM高High高High高High第五節(jié)實現(xiàn)Implementation高High高High高High第三章空間概念Spatial concept第一節(jié)空間的定義Spatial definition在講授數(shù)學(xué)理論概念中穿插介紹我國古今的杰出數(shù)學(xué)家及其提出的理論成果，加深學(xué)生理解的同時為其樹立杰出榜樣。During teaching mathematical concepts, introducing outstanding mathematicians of

19、China, so as to deepen students understanding and set outstanding examples for them. 高High高High中Medium47.3第二節(jié)歐式空間Euclid space高High高High中Medium第三節(jié)幾何模型Geometric model高High高High中Medium第四節(jié)拓?fù)潢P(guān)系Topology高High高High中Medium第五節(jié)網(wǎng)絡(luò)Network高High高High中Medium第六節(jié)度量Measurement高High高High中Medium第四章空間信息模型Spatial informat

20、ion model第一節(jié)建模過程Modeling選取若干中國學(xué)者在國際頂級期刊發(fā)表的空間信息模型綜合講授，擴展學(xué)生的眼界。Select and teach a number of Chinese scholars work published in the top journals of spatial information model to expand the vision of students. 高High中Medium高High47.3第二節(jié)基于場的模型Field model高High中Medium中Medium第三節(jié)基于對象的模型Object-based model高High中M

21、edium中Medium第五章空間表征和算法Representation and algorithms第一節(jié)地理數(shù)據(jù)計算Geographic calculation結(jié)合國產(chǎn)空間數(shù)據(jù)庫實例，演示對應(yīng)模塊功能，令學(xué)生更加了解我國的空間數(shù)據(jù)庫產(chǎn)品。Combine with the example of domestic spatial database, demonstrate the function of corresponding modules, so that students can know more about Chinas spatial database products.高Hi

22、gh高High中Medium47.3第二節(jié)離散歐式平面Sparse Euclid surface高High高High中Medium第三節(jié)基于場模型的覆蓋Coverage based on field高High中Medium中Medium第四節(jié)矢量數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)Vector structure高High高High中Medium第五節(jié)幾何算法Geometric algorithm高High高High中Medium第六節(jié)矢量/柵格轉(zhuǎn)換Vector/Raster conversion高High高High中Medium第七節(jié)網(wǎng)絡(luò)Network高High高High中Medium第八節(jié)空間數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)和存取方法Spa

23、tial data structures and access高High高High中Medium第六章空間數(shù)據(jù)庫設(shè)計Spatial database design第一節(jié) GIS數(shù)據(jù)庫設(shè)計過程GIS database design process介紹歷屆空間數(shù)據(jù)庫課設(shè)的優(yōu)秀案例，提高學(xué)生項目實踐的積極性。The excellent cases of previous spatial database courses are introduced to improve students enthusiasm in project practice. 高High高High高High49.1第二節(jié)GI

24、S數(shù)據(jù)庫標(biāo)準(zhǔn)GIS database standard高High高High中Medium第三節(jié)GIS 數(shù)據(jù)庫實現(xiàn)GIS database implementation高High高High高High第四節(jié)GIS 數(shù)據(jù)質(zhì)量保證和控制Quality assurance and control高High高High中Medium注：在“要求”欄內(nèi)以高、中、低來表示對學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)程度的要求，高為最高要求。理解指能對所學(xué)的內(nèi)容作歸納、分類、解釋、總結(jié)、推斷和一定程度的發(fā)揮。掌握指能理解學(xué)習(xí)材料的內(nèi)涵和意義，包括具體分類、區(qū)別、流程、誤區(qū)等的認(rèn)知和學(xué)習(xí)。可以借助三種形式來表明對材料的領(lǐng)會，一是轉(zhuǎn)換，即用自己的話或

25、用與原先表達(dá)方式不同的方式表達(dá)自己的思想；二是解釋，即對一項信息加以說明或概述；三是推斷，即估計將來的趨勢（預(yù)期的后果）。分析指能將所學(xué)的內(nèi)容分解并找出它們的相互關(guān)系和構(gòu)成，或能計劃、創(chuàng)造、建造或有改變的重構(gòu)。應(yīng)用指能將學(xué)習(xí)材料用于新的具體情境，包括原則、方法、技巧、規(guī)律的拓展，代表較高水平的學(xué)習(xí)成果。應(yīng)用需要建立對知識點掌握的基礎(chǔ)上。Note: in the requirements column, high, medium and low indicate the requirements for students learning level, and high is the highe

26、st requirement. Understanding refers to the ability to summarize, classify, explain, summarize, infer and give play to the learned content to a certain extent. Master means being able to understand the connotation and significance of learning materials, including cognition and learning of specific c

27、lassifications, differences, processes, misunderstandings, etc. Three forms can be used to show the understanding of materials. One is transformation, that is, express your thoughts in your own words or in a way different from the original expression; The second is explanation, that is, to explain o

28、r summarize a piece of information; The third is inference, that is, to estimate the future trend (expected consequences). Analysis refers to the ability to decompose the learned content and find out their relationship and composition, or to plan, create, build or change the reconstruction. Applicat

29、ion refers to the ability to apply learning materials to new specific situations, including the expansion of principles, methods, skills and laws, representing a high level of learning achievements. The application needs to be based on the mastery of knowledge points.四、上機內(nèi)容與學(xué)時分配 Distribution of Prac

30、tice Content and Class Hours通過實驗教學(xué)幫助學(xué)生鞏固課堂學(xué)習(xí)的理論知識，將理論與實踐有機結(jié)合，更好的理解和掌握空間信息理論及其處理技術(shù)，提高理論水平與計算機動手能力。通過學(xué)生自己動手操作和設(shè)計相關(guān)實驗，培養(yǎng)學(xué)生實踐動手能力、創(chuàng)新能力和解決相關(guān)專業(yè)實際應(yīng)用問題的能力。The practice is used to consolidate the theoretical knowledge learned in class, organically combine theory with practice, better understand and master sp

31、atial information theory and its processing technology, and improve the theoretical level and computer practical ability. Through students hands-on operation and design of related experiments, students practical and hands-on ability, innovative ability and the ability to solve the practical applicat

32、ion problems of related majors are improved.實驗項目與類型Practice Items and Types序號SN實驗項目Practice Items實驗類型Practice type學(xué)時Class hour支撐畢業(yè)要求指標(biāo)點Graduation requirement point演示Demonstration驗證Validation綜合Synthetic設(shè)計Design1空間數(shù)據(jù)的表達(dá)和組織Representation and organization of spatial data27.32空間數(shù)據(jù)的存儲結(jié)構(gòu)The storage structu

33、re of spatial data27.33空間數(shù)據(jù)庫的設(shè)計Design of spatial database29.14空間數(shù)據(jù)庫的建立Establishment of spatial database29.1上機一空間數(shù)據(jù)的表達(dá)和組織2學(xué)時Practice 1 Representation and organization of spatial data 2 class hours（1）目的要求（1）Purpose掌握ARCGIS中的數(shù)據(jù)類型。Master the data types in ARCGIS.（2）方法原理（2）PrincipleARCGIS所支持的數(shù)據(jù)種類。Data ty

34、pes supported by ARCGIS.（3）主要上機軟硬件環(huán)境（3）Software and hardware environment軟件：Windows10操作系統(tǒng)，ARCGIS軟件。硬件：CPU i5，內(nèi)存8G，硬盤1T。Software: Windows10 OS, ARCGISHardware: CPU i5, Memory 8G, Disk 1T.（4）掌握要點（4）Essentials各種數(shù)據(jù)類型的特征和內(nèi)涵。The characteristics and connotations of various data types.（5）上機內(nèi)容（5）Practice cont

35、entsARCGIS中的數(shù)據(jù)表達(dá)和組織。Data representation and organization in ARCGIS.上機二空間數(shù)據(jù)的存儲結(jié)構(gòu) 2學(xué)時Practice 2 The storage structure of spatial data 2 class hours（1）目的要求（1）Purpose理解ARCGIS中的數(shù)據(jù)存儲類型。Understand the type of data storage in ARCGIS.（2）方法原理（2）PrincipleARCGIS中的數(shù)據(jù)存儲類型的存取方法。The access method of data storage ty

36、pe in ARCGIS.（3）主要上機軟硬件環(huán)境（3）Software and hardware environment軟件：Windows10操作系統(tǒng)，ARCGIS軟件。硬件：CPU i5，內(nèi)存8G，硬盤1T。Software: Windows10 OS, ARCGISHardware: CPU i5, Memory 8G, Disk 1T.（4）掌握要點（4）Essentials現(xiàn)實世界中要素對應(yīng)的數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)及存儲方法。The data structure and storage method corresponding to the elements in the real world.

37、（5）上機內(nèi)容（5）Practice contentsShape文件的基本結(jié)構(gòu)；Shape文件數(shù)據(jù)的直接讀取。The basic structure of the shape file; direct reading shape file data.上機三空間數(shù)據(jù)庫的設(shè)計 2學(xué)時Practice 3 Design of Spatial Database 2 class hours（1）目的要求（1）Purpose掌握GeoDatabase的設(shè)計方法。Master the design method of GeoDatabase.（2）方法原理（2）PrincipleGeodatabase的設(shè)計

38、原理。The design principle of Geodatabase.（3）主要上機軟硬件環(huán)境（3）Software and hardware environment軟件：Windows10操作系統(tǒng)，ARCGIS軟件。硬件：CPU i5，內(nèi)存8G，硬盤1T。Software: Windows10 OS, ARCGISHardware: CPU i5, Memory 8G, Disk 1T.（4）掌握要點（4）Essentials現(xiàn)實世界與模型世界的抽象方法。Abstract methods of the real world and the model world.（5）上機內(nèi)容（5）

39、Practice contentsGeodatabase數(shù)據(jù)庫的設(shè)計。Design of Geodatabase Database.上機四空間數(shù)據(jù)庫的建立2學(xué)時Practice 4 Establishment of spatial database 2 class hours（1）目的要求（1）Purpose選擇一個具體問題，按照空間數(shù)據(jù)庫的建立步驟，建立一個實際的空間數(shù)據(jù)庫。Choose a specific question and follow the steps to build a spatial database to build an actual spatial databas

40、e.（2）方法原理（2）PrincipleARCGIS的空間數(shù)據(jù)庫建立步驟。The establishment steps of ARCGIS spatial database.（3）主要上機軟硬件環(huán)境（3）Software and hardware environment軟件：Windows10操作系統(tǒng)，ARCGIS軟件。硬件：CPU i5，內(nèi)存8G，硬盤1T。Software: Windows10 OS, ARCGISHardware: CPU i5, Memory 8G, Disk 1T.（4）掌握要點（4）Essentials數(shù)據(jù)類型的組合與劃分。Combination and division of data types.（5）上機內(nèi)容（5）Practice conte