《空間數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)概論》教學(xué)大綱

1、空間數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)概論（雙語(yǔ)）(Introduction to Spatial Database (Bilingual)教學(xué)大綱課程名稱(chēng)Course Name：空間數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)概論（雙語(yǔ)）(Introduction to Spatial Database (Bilingual)課程編碼Course Code：1302ZY044課程類(lèi)別/性質(zhì)Course Type：專(zhuān)業(yè)/選修Elective Course學(xué)分Credits：2.0總學(xué)時(shí)Total Hours：32/24/8開(kāi)課單位Department：地球科學(xué)學(xué)院School of Geosciences適用專(zhuān)業(yè)Major Applied：地理信息科學(xué)Geo

2、graphical Information Science先修課程Prerequisites：地理信息系統(tǒng)原理Principles of Geographic Information System、數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)原理與應(yīng)用Database Principles & Applications一、課程簡(jiǎn)介 Course Introduction空間數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)概論是一門(mén)地理信息科學(xué)專(zhuān)業(yè)的專(zhuān)業(yè)選修課。本課程介紹空間數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的基本知識(shí)和基本原理。本課程的主要內(nèi)容涵蓋國(guó)內(nèi)外數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)理論的起源、發(fā)展與主要方向，以及空間數(shù)據(jù)相關(guān)的數(shù)學(xué)基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)，空間信息模型、存貯管理相關(guān)的結(jié)構(gòu)表達(dá)與操作算法。通過(guò)本課程的學(xué)習(xí)，要求學(xué)生對(duì)各種空

3、間數(shù)據(jù)的存貯和管理技術(shù)有較全面的了解，具備針對(duì)空間數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的設(shè)計(jì)與實(shí)現(xiàn)、理論與方法體系全面地理解和應(yīng)用的能力。除專(zhuān)業(yè)知識(shí)外，通過(guò)穿插講解國(guó)產(chǎn)地理空間數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的特性和優(yōu)勢(shì)，激發(fā)學(xué)生的愛(ài)國(guó)熱情，增強(qiáng)學(xué)生的民族自豪感和自信心，進(jìn)而為從事GIS應(yīng)用系統(tǒng)及其數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的工作研究打下基礎(chǔ)。保證學(xué)生達(dá)成專(zhuān)業(yè)的相應(yīng)畢業(yè)要求。The course “Introduction to Spatial Database” is a elective course for the major of Geographic Information Science. This course introduces the basic

4、knowledge and principles of spatial database. The main content of this course covers the origin, development and main direction of database theory, as well as the basic mathematical knowledge related to spatial data, spatial information model, structure expression and operation algorithm related to

5、storage management.After learning this course, students will have a more comprehensive understanding of various spatial data storage and management techniques, and have the ability to comprehensively understand and apply the design and implementation of spatial database, theory and method system. In

6、 addition to the professional knowledge, the characteristics and advantages of the domestic geospatial database are introduced to stimulate students patriotic enthusiasm, enhance students national pride and self-confidence, and thus make a foundation for the research of GIS application system and it

7、s database. To ensure that students meet the graduation requirements of their major.二、課程教學(xué)目標(biāo) Course Objective通過(guò)本課程的學(xué)習(xí)，使學(xué)生掌握空間數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的基本原理、設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)現(xiàn)等一系列技術(shù)應(yīng)用體系，樹(shù)立尊重客觀規(guī)律、實(shí)事求是、嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)求實(shí)的優(yōu)良作風(fēng)。授課過(guò)程采用中英文相結(jié)合，既要讓學(xué)生理解和消化課程內(nèi)容，又要讓學(xué)生熟悉和適應(yīng)英語(yǔ)教學(xué)方式和環(huán)境。為后續(xù)相關(guān)專(zhuān)業(yè)課程學(xué)習(xí)，以及畢業(yè)后從事實(shí)際生產(chǎn)或科學(xué)研究打下堅(jiān)實(shí)基礎(chǔ)。After learning this course, students can mas

8、ter the basic principles of spatial database, design and implementation of a series of technical application systems, except that establish a fine style of respecting objective laws, seeking truth from facts, and rigorous and realistic. The teaching process uses a combination of Chinese and English,

9、 which not only allows students to understand and digest the contents of the course, but also allows students to be familiar with and adapt to the English teaching environment. It will lay a solid foundation for the subsequent study of relevant professional courses, practical production and scientif

10、ic research after graduation.價(jià)值目標(biāo)（或稱(chēng)育人目標(biāo)）Value Aim：培養(yǎng)學(xué)生尊重客觀數(shù)據(jù)的職業(yè)精神和嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)、求實(shí)的科學(xué)態(tài)度，使學(xué)生在獲得專(zhuān)業(yè)知識(shí)的同時(shí)，也受到思想品德的熏陶。Cultivate students professional spirit of respecting objective, rigorous and realistic attitude toward science, so that students can not only acquire professional knowledge, but also influenced by

11、ideology and moral character. 知識(shí)和能力目標(biāo)Teaching Foundational Requirements：（1）理解空間數(shù)據(jù)的基本表達(dá)和組織形式（畢業(yè)要求：7.3）；（2）掌握空間數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)設(shè)計(jì)基本步驟和方法（畢業(yè)要求：7.3）；（3）熟練掌握空間數(shù)據(jù)的采集和編輯（畢業(yè)要求：9.1）；（4）具有利用空間數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)解決實(shí)際問(wèn)題的能力（畢業(yè)要求：9.1）。（1）Understand the basic representation and organization of spatial data (Graduation requirement: 7.3);（2）Mas

12、ter the basic design steps for spatial database (Graduation requirement: 7.3);（3）Proficient in spatial data collection and editing (Graduation requirement: 9.1);（4）The ability of using spatial database to solve practical problems (Graduation requirement: 9.1).三、課程教學(xué)內(nèi)容及學(xué)時(shí)分配 Distribution of Teaching C

13、ontent and Class Hours課堂教學(xué)包括課堂教學(xué)、課堂研討、課堂及課后習(xí)題三部分，包5章的理論教學(xué)和4個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)內(nèi)容。課內(nèi)理論教學(xué)24學(xué)時(shí)、實(shí)驗(yàn)8學(xué)時(shí)（詳見(jiàn)本大綱第四部分）。課堂理論教學(xué)內(nèi)容、要求及學(xué)時(shí)分配如下：Teaching content consists of three parts: classroom teaching, classroom discussion, exercises in class and after class, including 5 chapters of theoretical teaching and 4 practices. There

14、are 24 class hours of theoretical teaching and 8 class hours of practice (As shown in the fourth part of the syllabus for details). The contents, requirements and class hours are as follows:章節(jié)內(nèi)容Contents思政融入點(diǎn)Ideological and political point要求requirement學(xué)時(shí)Class hour支撐畢業(yè)要求指標(biāo)點(diǎn)Graduation requirement point

15、理解Understand掌握Master分析與應(yīng)用Analysis and Application前言Introduction課程的性質(zhì)和任務(wù)，以及學(xué)習(xí)方法Course tasks and learning methods教育學(xué)生在地理信息工程實(shí)踐中理解并遵守工程職業(yè)道德和規(guī)范，履行責(zé)任。Teaching students to understand and abide engineering professional ethics and fulfill the responsibilities of geographic information engineering.中Medium中Me

16、dium低Low11.3第一章緒論Introduction第一節(jié)空間數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的需求Requirements介紹我國(guó)地理空間數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的發(fā)展歷程，提升學(xué)生的專(zhuān)業(yè)認(rèn)同感。Introduce the development of geospatial database of China to enhance students sense of career.高High高High高High31.4第二節(jié)定義Definition高High中Medium低Low第三節(jié)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)歷史History中Medium中Medium低Low第四節(jié)DBMSDBMS高High中Medium低Low第五節(jié)各種各樣的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)Datab

17、ases中Medium中Medium低Low第六節(jié)什么是GISWhat is GIS高High中Medium低Low第七節(jié)GIS特征Characteristics高High中Medium低Low第二章數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)基礎(chǔ)Database fundamentals第一節(jié)基本概念Basic concepts融入國(guó)產(chǎn)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的介紹，增強(qiáng)學(xué)生的自豪感。Integrate the introduction of domestic database to enhance students sense of pride.高High中Medium低Low47.3第二節(jié)概念數(shù)據(jù)建模Conceptual data model

18、ing高High高High中Medium第三節(jié)關(guān)系模型Relational model高High高High高High第四節(jié)面向?qū)ο竽Ｐ蚈OM高High高High高High第五節(jié)實(shí)現(xiàn)Implementation高High高High高High第三章空間概念Spatial concept第一節(jié)空間的定義Spatial definition在講授數(shù)學(xué)理論概念中穿插介紹我國(guó)古今的杰出數(shù)學(xué)家及其提出的理論成果，加深學(xué)生理解的同時(shí)為其樹(shù)立杰出榜樣。During teaching mathematical concepts, introducing outstanding mathematicians of

19、China, so as to deepen students understanding and set outstanding examples for them. 高High高High中Medium47.3第二節(jié)歐式空間Euclid space高High高High中Medium第三節(jié)幾何模型Geometric model高High高High中Medium第四節(jié)拓?fù)潢P(guān)系Topology高High高High中Medium第五節(jié)網(wǎng)絡(luò)Network高High高High中Medium第六節(jié)度量Measurement高High高High中Medium第四章空間信息模型Spatial informat

20、ion model第一節(jié)建模過(guò)程Modeling選取若干中國(guó)學(xué)者在國(guó)際頂級(jí)期刊發(fā)表的空間信息模型綜合講授，擴(kuò)展學(xué)生的眼界。Select and teach a number of Chinese scholars work published in the top journals of spatial information model to expand the vision of students. 高High中Medium高High47.3第二節(jié)基于場(chǎng)的模型Field model高High中Medium中Medium第三節(jié)基于對(duì)象的模型Object-based model高High中M

21、edium中Medium第五章空間表征和算法Representation and algorithms第一節(jié)地理數(shù)據(jù)計(jì)算Geographic calculation結(jié)合國(guó)產(chǎn)空間數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)實(shí)例，演示對(duì)應(yīng)模塊功能，令學(xué)生更加了解我國(guó)的空間數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)產(chǎn)品。Combine with the example of domestic spatial database, demonstrate the function of corresponding modules, so that students can know more about Chinas spatial database products.高Hi

22、gh高High中Medium47.3第二節(jié)離散歐式平面Sparse Euclid surface高High高High中Medium第三節(jié)基于場(chǎng)模型的覆蓋Coverage based on field高High中Medium中Medium第四節(jié)矢量數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)Vector structure高High高High中Medium第五節(jié)幾何算法Geometric algorithm高High高High中Medium第六節(jié)矢量/柵格轉(zhuǎn)換Vector/Raster conversion高High高High中Medium第七節(jié)網(wǎng)絡(luò)Network高High高High中Medium第八節(jié)空間數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)和存取方法Spa

23、tial data structures and access高High高High中Medium第六章空間數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)設(shè)計(jì)Spatial database design第一節(jié) GIS數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程GIS database design process介紹歷屆空間數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)課設(shè)的優(yōu)秀案例，提高學(xué)生項(xiàng)目實(shí)踐的積極性。The excellent cases of previous spatial database courses are introduced to improve students enthusiasm in project practice. 高High高High高High49.1第二節(jié)GI

24、S數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)GIS database standard高High高High中Medium第三節(jié)GIS 數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)實(shí)現(xiàn)GIS database implementation高High高High高High第四節(jié)GIS 數(shù)據(jù)質(zhì)量保證和控制Quality assurance and control高High高High中Medium注：在“要求”欄內(nèi)以高、中、低來(lái)表示對(duì)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)程度的要求，高為最高要求。理解指能對(duì)所學(xué)的內(nèi)容作歸納、分類(lèi)、解釋、總結(jié)、推斷和一定程度的發(fā)揮。掌握指能理解學(xué)習(xí)材料的內(nèi)涵和意義，包括具體分類(lèi)、區(qū)別、流程、誤區(qū)等的認(rèn)知和學(xué)習(xí)。可以借助三種形式來(lái)表明對(duì)材料的領(lǐng)會(huì)，一是轉(zhuǎn)換，即用自己的話或

25、用與原先表達(dá)方式不同的方式表達(dá)自己的思想；二是解釋?zhuān)磳?duì)一項(xiàng)信息加以說(shuō)明或概述；三是推斷，即估計(jì)將來(lái)的趨勢(shì)（預(yù)期的后果）。分析指能將所學(xué)的內(nèi)容分解并找出它們的相互關(guān)系和構(gòu)成，或能計(jì)劃、創(chuàng)造、建造或有改變的重構(gòu)。應(yīng)用指能將學(xué)習(xí)材料用于新的具體情境，包括原則、方法、技巧、規(guī)律的拓展，代表較高水平的學(xué)習(xí)成果。應(yīng)用需要建立對(duì)知識(shí)點(diǎn)掌握的基礎(chǔ)上。Note: in the requirements column, high, medium and low indicate the requirements for students learning level, and high is the highe

26、st requirement. Understanding refers to the ability to summarize, classify, explain, summarize, infer and give play to the learned content to a certain extent. Master means being able to understand the connotation and significance of learning materials, including cognition and learning of specific c

27、lassifications, differences, processes, misunderstandings, etc. Three forms can be used to show the understanding of materials. One is transformation, that is, express your thoughts in your own words or in a way different from the original expression; The second is explanation, that is, to explain o

28、r summarize a piece of information; The third is inference, that is, to estimate the future trend (expected consequences). Analysis refers to the ability to decompose the learned content and find out their relationship and composition, or to plan, create, build or change the reconstruction. Applicat

29、ion refers to the ability to apply learning materials to new specific situations, including the expansion of principles, methods, skills and laws, representing a high level of learning achievements. The application needs to be based on the mastery of knowledge points.四、上機(jī)內(nèi)容與學(xué)時(shí)分配 Distribution of Prac

30、tice Content and Class Hours通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)教學(xué)幫助學(xué)生鞏固課堂學(xué)習(xí)的理論知識(shí)，將理論與實(shí)踐有機(jī)結(jié)合，更好的理解和掌握空間信息理論及其處理技術(shù)，提高理論水平與計(jì)算機(jī)動(dòng)手能力。通過(guò)學(xué)生自己動(dòng)手操作和設(shè)計(jì)相關(guān)實(shí)驗(yàn)，培養(yǎng)學(xué)生實(shí)踐動(dòng)手能力、創(chuàng)新能力和解決相關(guān)專(zhuān)業(yè)實(shí)際應(yīng)用問(wèn)題的能力。The practice is used to consolidate the theoretical knowledge learned in class, organically combine theory with practice, better understand and master sp

31、atial information theory and its processing technology, and improve the theoretical level and computer practical ability. Through students hands-on operation and design of related experiments, students practical and hands-on ability, innovative ability and the ability to solve the practical applicat

32、ion problems of related majors are improved.實(shí)驗(yàn)項(xiàng)目與類(lèi)型Practice Items and Types序號(hào)SN實(shí)驗(yàn)項(xiàng)目Practice Items實(shí)驗(yàn)類(lèi)型Practice type學(xué)時(shí)Class hour支撐畢業(yè)要求指標(biāo)點(diǎn)Graduation requirement point演示Demonstration驗(yàn)證Validation綜合Synthetic設(shè)計(jì)Design1空間數(shù)據(jù)的表達(dá)和組織Representation and organization of spatial data27.32空間數(shù)據(jù)的存儲(chǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)The storage structu

33、re of spatial data27.33空間數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的設(shè)計(jì)Design of spatial database29.14空間數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的建立Establishment of spatial database29.1上機(jī)一空間數(shù)據(jù)的表達(dá)和組織2學(xué)時(shí)Practice 1 Representation and organization of spatial data 2 class hours（1）目的要求（1）Purpose掌握ARCGIS中的數(shù)據(jù)類(lèi)型。Master the data types in ARCGIS.（2）方法原理（2）PrincipleARCGIS所支持的數(shù)據(jù)種類(lèi)。Data ty

34、pes supported by ARCGIS.（3）主要上機(jī)軟硬件環(huán)境（3）Software and hardware environment軟件：Windows10操作系統(tǒng)，ARCGIS軟件。硬件：CPU i5，內(nèi)存8G，硬盤(pán)1T。Software: Windows10 OS, ARCGISHardware: CPU i5, Memory 8G, Disk 1T.（4）掌握要點(diǎn)（4）Essentials各種數(shù)據(jù)類(lèi)型的特征和內(nèi)涵。The characteristics and connotations of various data types.（5）上機(jī)內(nèi)容（5）Practice cont

35、entsARCGIS中的數(shù)據(jù)表達(dá)和組織。Data representation and organization in ARCGIS.上機(jī)二空間數(shù)據(jù)的存儲(chǔ)結(jié)構(gòu) 2學(xué)時(shí)Practice 2 The storage structure of spatial data 2 class hours（1）目的要求（1）Purpose理解ARCGIS中的數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)類(lèi)型。Understand the type of data storage in ARCGIS.（2）方法原理（2）PrincipleARCGIS中的數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)類(lèi)型的存取方法。The access method of data storage ty

36、pe in ARCGIS.（3）主要上機(jī)軟硬件環(huán)境（3）Software and hardware environment軟件：Windows10操作系統(tǒng)，ARCGIS軟件。硬件：CPU i5，內(nèi)存8G，硬盤(pán)1T。Software: Windows10 OS, ARCGISHardware: CPU i5, Memory 8G, Disk 1T.（4）掌握要點(diǎn)（4）Essentials現(xiàn)實(shí)世界中要素對(duì)應(yīng)的數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)及存儲(chǔ)方法。The data structure and storage method corresponding to the elements in the real world.

37、（5）上機(jī)內(nèi)容（5）Practice contentsShape文件的基本結(jié)構(gòu)；Shape文件數(shù)據(jù)的直接讀取。The basic structure of the shape file; direct reading shape file data.上機(jī)三空間數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的設(shè)計(jì) 2學(xué)時(shí)Practice 3 Design of Spatial Database 2 class hours（1）目的要求（1）Purpose掌握GeoDatabase的設(shè)計(jì)方法。Master the design method of GeoDatabase.（2）方法原理（2）PrincipleGeodatabase的設(shè)計(jì)

38、原理。The design principle of Geodatabase.（3）主要上機(jī)軟硬件環(huán)境（3）Software and hardware environment軟件：Windows10操作系統(tǒng)，ARCGIS軟件。硬件：CPU i5，內(nèi)存8G，硬盤(pán)1T。Software: Windows10 OS, ARCGISHardware: CPU i5, Memory 8G, Disk 1T.（4）掌握要點(diǎn)（4）Essentials現(xiàn)實(shí)世界與模型世界的抽象方法。Abstract methods of the real world and the model world.（5）上機(jī)內(nèi)容（5）

39、Practice contentsGeodatabase數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的設(shè)計(jì)。Design of Geodatabase Database.上機(jī)四空間數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的建立2學(xué)時(shí)Practice 4 Establishment of spatial database 2 class hours（1）目的要求（1）Purpose選擇一個(gè)具體問(wèn)題，按照空間數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的建立步驟，建立一個(gè)實(shí)際的空間數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)。Choose a specific question and follow the steps to build a spatial database to build an actual spatial databas

40、e.（2）方法原理（2）PrincipleARCGIS的空間數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)建立步驟。The establishment steps of ARCGIS spatial database.（3）主要上機(jī)軟硬件環(huán)境（3）Software and hardware environment軟件：Windows10操作系統(tǒng)，ARCGIS軟件。硬件：CPU i5，內(nèi)存8G，硬盤(pán)1T。Software: Windows10 OS, ARCGISHardware: CPU i5, Memory 8G, Disk 1T.（4）掌握要點(diǎn)（4）Essentials數(shù)據(jù)類(lèi)型的組合與劃分。Combination and division of data types.（5）上機(jī)內(nèi)容（5）Practice conte