高中英語(yǔ) B3 Unit 3 The world of Science 第3課時(shí)-using language 課件

1、2021年春季深圳市線上課程高一英語(yǔ)深圳市教育科學(xué)研究院教學(xué)教材：外研版高中英語(yǔ)新教材必修第三冊(cè)教學(xué)內(nèi)容：Unit 3 The world of Science第三課時(shí)：Using language： Present perfect passive執(zhí)教人：徐婭暉/深圳市寶安中學(xué)（集團(tuán)）高中部March 22nd, 2021a. I guess you have been asked about the title of your book before.b. New inventions like 3D printers have been used to make replacement h

2、earts and bone parts. What has happened to “you” in sentence (a)?Group 1PeopleWho has used new inventions to make replacement hearts and bone parts in sentence (b) ?c I guess someone has asked you about the title of your book before.d People have used new inventions like 3D printers to make replacem

3、ent hearts and bone parts.a. I guess you have been asked about the title of your book before.b. New inventions like 3D printers have been used to make replacement hearts and bone parts. Compare them with the following sentences and answer the questions.present perfect active formpresent perfect pass

4、ive formGroup 1Group 2c I guess someone has asked you about the title of your book before.d People have used new inventions like 3D printers to make replacement hearts and bone parts.a. I guess you have been asked about the title of your book before.b. New inventions like 3D printers have been used

5、to make replacement hearts and bone parts. Why does the author choose to use the passive form instead of the active?present perfect active formpresent perfect passive formGroup 1Group 2To emphasize the object: “you” and “new inventions”.被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的使用情況：1. 不知道或者沒(méi)有必要說(shuō)明動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者是誰(shuí)； Such books have been written

6、for children. 2. 強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者，而不是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者； All the products have been tested.3. 動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者很模糊; The letter has been opened.4. 有時(shí)候?yàn)榱硕Y貌的需要，避免說(shuō)出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。 They have been told many times not to make noises.Now lets read more examples.How many books has J.K. Rowling written?J.K. Rowling has written seven books.Seven b

7、ooks have been written by Rowling.Workers have built the house since years ago.The house has been built by workers since years ago.The buildings have been destroyed in the earthquake.The earthquake has destroyed the buildings.A lot of trees have been planted in our country.Present perfect passive現(xiàn)在完

8、成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)1. 概 念2. 構(gòu) 成3. 用 法4. 注 意have/has been done強(qiáng)調(diào)一個(gè)發(fā)生在過(guò)去的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作。表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成，對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果；主語(yǔ)為動(dòng)作的承受者，與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。(1)The door has been locked.(2)These flowers have been watered, and you can go home.(3)Our classroom has been cleaned, so you neednt clean it now. So even the olive wreath (橄欖枝花環(huán)) has been r

9、eplaced!1.肯定式：have / has + been + done2.否定式：have / has + not + been + doneAn opinion is what someone believes is true but has not been proved. 構(gòu)成3.一般疑問(wèn)句: 需將_提到主語(yǔ)的前面。(1) Has his bike been repaired? (2) Have they been notified about it?4. 特殊疑問(wèn)句：提問(wèn)主語(yǔ)：提問(wèn)其他：have / has疑問(wèn)詞 + have / has + been + done？(1) Wh

10、o has been invited? (2) How many buildings have been built in this school?特殊疑問(wèn)詞 +一般疑問(wèn)句？1. 強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)始于過(guò)去，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，并對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成某種影響。常與for或since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，或用于“how long.”句型中。(1) The machine has been repaired for two hours.(2) How long has the car been repaired?2. 用在時(shí)間和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，表示將來(lái)某時(shí)刻已完成的動(dòng)作。Well start as soon as the

11、 work has been finished.用法及注意事項(xiàng)3. 副詞的位置often, usually, always, never, hardly, seldom等副詞置于have / has和been中間。(1) Such a man has hardly been believed.(2) The machine has already been repaired.4.不及物動(dòng)詞（詞組）如 happen, take place, die, appear 沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，而不及物動(dòng)詞加介詞或者副詞構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于及物動(dòng)詞，可以用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。注意介詞和副詞不能丟掉。e.g. 孩子們這些年

12、被王奶奶照顧得很好。 The child has been taken good care of by Grandma Wang all these years.5. 非持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，如 come, go, start, begin, leave, arrive, reach, get, marry, die等現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)不能和表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用。若要表達(dá)相應(yīng)意思，需改動(dòng)詞或時(shí)態(tài)。(1) The new car has been kept for a month.(buy)(2) How long has the meeting been on?(begin)但這類動(dòng)詞的否定式可表示

13、動(dòng)作的持續(xù)過(guò)程，可與since或for構(gòu)成的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。This dictionary has not been borrowed since last week.1. It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been poorly studied. (2019全國(guó)卷語(yǔ)法填空) 由于大部分有關(guān)北極熊生活范圍的研究還很少, 所以很難統(tǒng)計(jì)出全球北極熊的數(shù)量。2. A 90-year-old has been awarded “Woman Of The Yea

14、r” for being Britains oldest full-time employee-still working 40 hours a week. (2019全國(guó)卷語(yǔ)法填空) 一位90歲老人因?yàn)槭怯?guó)最年長(zhǎng)的全職雇員而被評(píng)為“年度女性”。她仍然一周工作40個(gè)小時(shí)。直擊高考3. Wildlife has been greatly threatened in the modern age. (2019江蘇完型填空) 在現(xiàn)代, 野生動(dòng)植物受到極大程度的威脅。4. (2017全國(guó)卷) Sarah _ _ (tell) that she could be Britains new superm

15、odel, earning a million dollars in the next year. has been told/was told Within the next 80 years, our lives may be changed beyond recognition by 3D printing. It has already affected many things in our lives, right down to the food we eat. For instance, some restaurants in London have served 3D-prin

16、ted hamburgers to customers. But perhaps the most significant success that people have achieved to date is in medicine. They have made human body parts, including a beating heart, with 3D printing technology. And it is not just humans who are benefiting- in Brazil, people have given a new 3D-printed

17、 shell to a turtle injured in a forest fire!Rewrite the underlined parts using the present perfect passive. P29 Within the next 80 years, our lives may be changed beyond recognition by 3D printing. Many things have already been affected in our lives, right down to the food we eat. For instance, 3D-p

18、rinted hamburgers have been served to customers some restaurants in London. But perhaps the most significant success that has been achieved to date is in medicine. Human body parts, including a beating heart, have been made with 3D printing technology. And it is not just humans who are benefiting- in Brazil, a new 3D-printed shell has been given to a turtle injured in a forest fire!Rewrite the underlined parts using the present perfect passive. P29Imagine you are Dr Moore. Look at the pictures an