電氣專業(yè)外語1

1、電氣工程及其自動(dòng)化專業(yè)英語電氣信息學(xué)院授課教師：劉 霞 xliu_uestc Xia Liu, Ph.D. In 2009-2010, she was awarded a scholarship by China Scholarship Council (CSC) to visit University of Alberta, Canada. Xias research interests are control of nonlinear systems, especially adaptive control of teleoperation systems.2 主講教師介紹Telerobo

2、tic and Biorobotic Systems Group, University of Alberta, Canada3 本課程介紹Why? 本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)要用；找工作時(shí)要用；碩士博士階段要用。Objects? 能看懂與本專業(yè)相關(guān)的一些英文資料；（讀）能用本專業(yè)相關(guān)英文進(jìn)行科技論文寫作；（寫）能用本專業(yè)相關(guān)英文進(jìn)行學(xué)術(shù)交流。（聽、說）作業(yè)：很少量成績?cè)u(píng)定：期末70%,平時(shí)成績20%，考勤10%。特別提醒：抽查點(diǎn)名時(shí)缺席的，考勤一次扣5分！4 本課程介紹學(xué)時(shí)：32學(xué)時(shí)參考教材：【1】自動(dòng)化專業(yè)英語，王軍等主編，重慶大學(xué)出版社（2010）【2】電氣工程及其自動(dòng)化專業(yè)英語，戴文進(jìn)主編， 電子工

3、業(yè)出版社（2011）5 本課程介紹使用教材：電氣工程與自動(dòng)化專業(yè)英語，王偉等編，機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社(2010)6授課特點(diǎn)書上有的內(nèi)容，要精選、抓重點(diǎn)、重分析；書上無但又有用的內(nèi)容，講課要補(bǔ)充。 本課程介紹學(xué)習(xí)要點(diǎn)帶著興趣和問題來聽課；勤用專業(yè)詞典。 Chapter 1 Circuit Fundamentals 電路基礎(chǔ)1.內(nèi)容簡介 本章主要介紹電荷；導(dǎo)體、絕緣體、半導(dǎo)體；電流、電壓、電阻的概念；電阻、電壓、電流的測試方法；直流串聯(lián)電路和交流電路基本原理等內(nèi)容。2.文中涉及理論知識(shí)可參考電路中有關(guān)內(nèi)容。7 Chapter 1 Circuit Fundamentals 電路基礎(chǔ)3.單詞與術(shù)語1 ele

4、ctrostatic adj. 靜電的2 charge n. 電荷3 positive adj. 正的4 negative adj. 負(fù)的 5 electron n. 電子 6 proton n. 質(zhì)子 7 gravitational adj. 引力的 8 precipitator n. 電濾器89 power plant 發(fā)電廠(e.g)10 current n. 電流11 conductor n. 導(dǎo)體12insulator n. 絕緣體13semiconductor n. 半導(dǎo)體14valence shell 價(jià)電子層15silicon n. 硅16germanium n. 鍺 Chap

5、ter 1 Circuit Fundamentals917selenium n. 硒18voltage n. 電壓19resistance n. 電阻20circuit n. 電路21electromotive force(EMF) 電動(dòng)勢22repel v. 排斥23multimeter n. 萬用表24milliammeter n. 毫安表 Chapter 1 Circuit Fundamentals1025ammeter n. 安培表26ohmmeter n. 歐姆表27voltmeter n. 電壓表28polarity n. 極性29parallel n. 并聯(lián)(e.g)30seri

6、es n. 串聯(lián)31filament n. 燈絲32resistor n. 電阻器33hot wire n. 火線 Chapter 1 Circuit Fundamentals1134neutral wire n. 中線35phase n. 相位(e.g)36electrical power 電源(e.g)37cylinder n. 圓柱(e.g)38electromagnetic induction 電磁感應(yīng)(e.g) Chapter 1 Circuit Fundamentals12PART 1 FUNDAMENTALS OF ELECTRIC ENGINEERINGChapter 1 Ci

7、rcuit Fundamentals1.1 Electrostatic Charges1.2 Conductors, Insulators and Semiconductors1.3 Current, Voltage and Resistance1.4 Measuring Resistance , Voltage and Current1.5 DC Series Electrical Circuit1.6 Alternating Current (AC) Voltage Chapter 1 Circuit FundamentalsChapter 1 Circuit Fundamentals4.

8、 重點(diǎn)段落翻譯1 第2頁第1段落 “Electrical charges are used to filter or positive charge.”14 用于濾除設(shè)備中灰塵和煙垢的電荷叫靜電過濾器。在電廠中， 電力除塵器常常用于過濾排放到空氣中的廢氣。靜電也常用于制造砂紙和汽車的噴漆。叫做驗(yàn)電器的設(shè)備可以用于檢測正、負(fù)電荷。2 第7頁1.4.4段落 “Many digital meters are now in use. They employ energy into light energy on the display.” Chapter 1 Circuit Fundamentals1

9、5 目前使用的是許多數(shù)字儀表。這些儀表采用數(shù)值讀數(shù)，使得測量過程簡化，測量更加精確。數(shù)字儀表依靠數(shù)字電路獲得測量值的數(shù)值讀數(shù)。所設(shè)計(jì)的數(shù)字儀表的讀數(shù)是電信號(hào)轉(zhuǎn)換成的數(shù)字?jǐn)?shù)據(jù)?？梢詰?yīng)用字母和數(shù)字讀數(shù)，如七段的、離散數(shù)字、條形矩陣顯示。每種方法都有器件將電能轉(zhuǎn)換為用于顯示的光能。 3 第10頁第3段落 “Two other important terms are value value is equal to 0.636 times the peak value.”Chapter 1 Circuit Fundamentals16 RMS值和平均值是兩個(gè)重要的術(shù)語。RMS表示的是均方根，它等于0.7

10、07倍的峰值。均方根是用來確定有效值的數(shù)學(xué)方法。均方根電壓和有效值電壓是同一個(gè)。平均電壓是指發(fā)生在整個(gè)變化周期內(nèi)瞬時(shí)電壓的數(shù)學(xué)平均值。平均值等于0.636倍的峰值。5. 重點(diǎn)句子翻譯1The effect that electrostatic charges have on each other is very important. They either repel (move away) or attract (come together) each other. It is said that like charges repel and unlike charges attract.P

11、1 Chapter 1 Circuit Fundamentals17 靜電荷彼此之間的影響是很重要的。它們或者排斥（遠(yuǎn)離），或者吸引（聚集）。這就是通常人們所說的同性排斥，異性相吸。2It is also possible to charge other materials because some materials are charged when they are brought close to another charged object. If a charged rubber rod is touched against another material, the second

12、material may become charged.P1 Chapter 1 Circuit Fundamentals18 當(dāng)一些材料與另一帶電體接近時(shí)就會(huì)帶上電荷，所以它也可能使其它材料帶上電荷。如果帶電的橡膠棒與另一種材料接觸，就可能使這種材料帶上電荷。 3The movement of valence shell electrons of conductors produces electrical current. The outer electrons of the atoms of a conductor are called free electrons. Energy re

13、leased by these electrons as they move allows work to be done.P3 Chapter 1 Circuit Fundamentals19 導(dǎo)體價(jià)電子層電子的運(yùn)動(dòng)產(chǎn)生電流。導(dǎo)體原子的外部電子叫做自由電子，當(dāng)這些電子運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí)釋放出能量，從而做功。4A circuit is a path or conductor for electric current flow. Electric current flows only when it has a complete, or closed-circuit, path. There must be

14、 a source of electrical energy to cause current to flow along a closed path.P4 Chapter 1 Circuit Fundamentals20 電路是電流流通的路徑。只有當(dāng)電路接通或閉合時(shí)才有電流流通。必須有電源才能使電流沿閉合路徑流通。5There are three types of electrical circuits. They are called series circuits, parallel circuits, and combination circuits. The easiest type

15、 of circuit to understand is the series circuit.P7 Chapter 1 Circuit Fundamentals21 電路可分為三種類型，分別為串連電路、并聯(lián)電路和串并聯(lián)組合電路。串連電路是最簡單的電路類型。6The term phase refers to time, or the difference between one point and another. If two sine-wave voltages reach their zero and maximum values at the same time, they are in phase.P10 Chapter 1 Circuit Fundamentals22 術(shù)語“相位”是反映的是某一時(shí)間上兩點(diǎn)之間的不同。如果兩個(gè)正弦波電壓在同一時(shí)刻到達(dá)它們的零點(diǎn)和最大值，就說它們是同相位的。7The power ratings of motors and generators is greater when three-phase ac power is used. For a certain frame size, the rating