2020年七年級英語下冊Unit2Neighours知識點和練習無答案新版牛津版

1、Unit 2 Neighbours一、知識點詳解A:詞匯及詞組名詞（n.）n eighbour( neig hbor)鄰居visitor訪問者com munity社區(qū)skill技能problem問題engin eer工程師college學院fire火man ager經(jīng)理office辦公室policema n警察postma n郵遞員statio n局，所，站police stati on警察局post郵政post office郵局pers on人job工作future未來artist藝術家n otice布告，通知in formatio n信息group組動詞（v.）fix修理check檢杳情態(tài)

2、動詞（modal v.）will將，將會shall將，將會聯(lián)系動詞（linking v.）sou nd聽起來形容詞（adj.）helpful愿意幫忙的，有用的broke n損壞了的lucky幸運的elder年紀較長的sick生病的better更好，較好介詞（prep.）like像，類似；.怎么樣不定代詞（pron.）someth ing某事，某物anything任何事some one某人anyone任何人副詞（adv.）below卜面詞組1. in your n eighbourhood在你們社區(qū)/鄰里2. a com munity centre一個社區(qū)中心3. share their dif

3、fere nt skills分享他們的一技之長4. help sb. with sth.幫助某人（做）某事5. be ready to do sth.準備好做某事6. do some shopp ing購物7. wait for one s call等某人的電話8. the day after tomorrow后天9. pla n a day out計劃一日出行10. make a fire生火11. her elder brother/ sister她的哥哥/姐姐12. in the future在將來13. help sick people幫助病人14. look at the infor

4、mation below看下面的信息15. make you feel better讓你感覺身體更好16. worry about擔心17. all our group members我們組的所有成員18. give sb. some ideas給某人出些主意19. bytrain/bus/ship/bike乘火車/公共汽車/船/騎自行車20. know a lot about非常了解C:詞匯精講及幾句一、詞匯精講likelike 作介詞，意為像；與相似”，對應的反義詞為unlike。短語look like表示看起來像”。例如：Draw it like this!照這樣畫！She looks

5、like her mother.她長得像她媽媽?！就卣埂縧ike與aslike與as作介詞，都有“像”的意思。但有一定區(qū)別。like意為“像一樣”。用于相似關系，即兩者在形態(tài)上或性質(zhì)上有相似之處，但 并不等于。as意為“作為；以身份”。用于說明同一關系，即兩者實為一體。例如：She talks to me like my mother.她像我媽媽那樣跟我說話。(她不是我媽媽)She talks to me as a mother.她以媽媽的身份跟我說話。(她是我媽媽)most ofmost of意為“中的大多數(shù)”，后面接可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)作主語時，謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式； 也可接不可數(shù)名詞，此時謂語動詞

6、用單數(shù)形式。例如： Most of them are going off to Guan gzhou n ext week.他們中的多數(shù)人都準備下星期去廣州。Most of the water is clea n.大部分水是干凈的?！咀⒁狻縨ost of后的名詞是單數(shù)時，謂語動詞也用單數(shù)形式。例如：Most of the apple is red.這個蘋果大部分是紅的。something 與 anythingsomething作不定代詞，意為“某事，某物，多用于肯定句中。在疑問句和否定句中常用anything ;否定句中常用nothing 。作主語時謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。anything還有“任

7、何事物”的意思。例如：Someth ing happe ns. 有事發(fā)生了。I d like something to eat.我想吃點東西。例如：My father goes to work at 8 am.我爸爸八點上班。你自行車是不是出問題了 ？例如：do some readi ng閱讀 do some wash ingdo some swimmi ng游泳 do some readi ng6. make a firefire 作不可數(shù)名詞，意為火”。 make a fire 例如：Keep away with fire. 切勿近火。We can make a fire to keep

8、the room warm.【拓展】由make構(gòu)成的詞組有：洗涮 do some cook ing 做飯練習閱讀 do some liste ning練習聽力是固定短語，意為“生火”。我們可以生火讓房間溫暖起來。Is there anything wrong with your bike?Anything is possible.一切皆有可能?！咀⒁狻?1)在很有禮貌的問某人要吃什么和喝什么時，應該使用something。這是一種特殊的用法。例如：一I feel a bit hungry.我感覺有點兒餓。Why don t you h ave some bread?吃些面包怎么樣 ？Would

9、 you like somethi ng to drink?想喝點什么嗎？在表示請求、建議或征求意見的疑問句中常用some或something。在表達“任何”這一含義時肯定句中常用any或anything 。例如：You can get it in any departme nt store.這東西你在哪個百貨商店都買得到。I believe any thi ng he says.我相信他所說的任何話。be ready to do sth.be ready to do sth. 意為準備做某事/愿意做某事”。例如：He is always ready to help others.他隨時準備幫

10、助他人。I ll be ready to leave.我準備離開?！就卣埂縝e/get ready for 意為為做準備”。例如：They are ready for the party.他們?yōu)榫蹠龊昧藴蕚?。All the stude nts are gett ing ready for the sports meet ing.所有學生都在為運動會做準備。do some shopp ing動詞do后跟動名詞形式構(gòu)成短語，動名詞作do的賓語，具有名詞性質(zhì)，可以用some或the修飾。make noise 發(fā)出噪音make friends 交朋友make tea 沏茶 make money 賺錢

11、make a livi ng 謀生 make trouble制造麻煩make a sentence 造句 make the bed 鋪床make a decisi on 決定 make a speech 演講job 與 workwork和job作名詞是同義詞，都有“工作、職業(yè)”的意思。不過，它們之間還是有些區(qū)別 的。job是可數(shù)名詞，指特定工作。 不能說a work。例如： Peter has a good job in a bank.Tom cha nged jobs many times.work是不可數(shù)名詞，泛指工作。我們可以說a job彼得在一家銀行有份很好的工作。湯姆換了很多工作。照

12、顧三只貓咪可不是件容易事。Look ing after three cats is not easy work.(2 )上班用英文講是 go to work 。這是一個固定搭配，我們不能說go to a jobjob只能用作名詞，work還可以用作動詞，不僅有上班、工作”的意思，還可以作“努力”或“從事”來講。例如：Both of my pare nts work.我父母都工作。If you work hard, you will speak En glish well.只要你努力，你的英語就會講得很好。elder 與 olderelder為形容詞old的比較級形式，意為“年長的”。同時 ol

13、d還對應有一個比較級形式 older，注意二者之間的區(qū)別?！就卣埂縪lder, elder 的區(qū)別：older通常用于比較兩個人的年齡大小或者兩個物體之間的新舊程度。例如：He is older than his brother.他比他的兄弟年長。This book is older than that one.這本書比那一本舊一些。elder專用于同一個家庭成員之間的長幼對比，也有時指職位、身份較高的人，且只 能用于形容人。例如：Tom is my elder brother.湯姆是我的哥哥。You are all elder statesme n.你們都是政治元老 /資深政客。by tra

14、in/bus/ship/bike結(jié)構(gòu)為“ by +交通工具名稱”構(gòu)成表示交通方式的短語，意為“乘坐”。例如：by bike 騎自行車 by taxi坐出租車 by train 坐火車【拓展】表示交通方式的其它幾種表達用“ by +交通工具名詞”表示交通方式。例如：by ca r 乘小汽車 by bus乘公共汽車用“ by +交通路線的位置”來表示交通方式。例如：by wate 由水路 by land 從陸路by sea 從海路 by air 乘飛機用“in/on + 冠詞/形容詞性物主代詞/指示代詞+交通工具名詞”表示交通方式。其中，in多用在car等交通工具之前，而 on多用在bike/ho

15、rse/bus/train/ship等交通工具之前，它們的用法與“ by +交通工具名詞”的用法相同。例如： She often goes to school on a/her bike.= She often goes to school by bike.她經(jīng)常騎自行車上學。They went there on a bus.= They went there by bus.他們乘公共汽車去那里。 用“ take + a/the +交通工具名詞”表示交通方式。例如：take a train 乘火車 take a bus乘公共汽車 take a ship 乘船 take a plane乘飛機【注

16、意】“騎自行車”要翻譯為“ ride a bike ”。worry aboutworry可用作不及物動詞或及物動詞。作及物動詞時，意為“使煩惱，使擔憂”。作 不及 物動詞時，意為“發(fā)愁，擔心，煩惱”，常與介詞 about連用。例如：What s worrying you?什么事使你煩惱？Don t worry aboutme.不要為我擔心。Your pare nt is comi ng, don t worry.你的家長就要來了，不要擔心。 worry about sb./sth. 意為“為某人/某事而焦慮、煩惱、擔心，擔心某人/某事”。例如：Don t worry about me.不要為我

17、擔心。She worries about little thin gs.他為一些小事而煩惱?！就卣埂?worry about 與 be worried aboutworry about強調(diào)擔心”的動作， worry為動詞；be worried about 側(cè)重擔心”的狀態(tài)， worried為形容詞。例如：Your mother will worry about you.你媽媽會擔心你。Mrs. Brow n is always worried about her son.布朗夫人總是為她的兒子擔心。二、句式精講Where are you goi ng?（現(xiàn)在進行時表將來）be going此處為

18、“現(xiàn)在進行時表將來”?，F(xiàn)在進行時表將來主要用于表示按計劃或安排將要發(fā)生的動作，常有“意圖”“安排”或“打算”的含義。這種現(xiàn)在進行時比較生動，給人一種期待感。go, come, leave等表示位移的動詞，都可以用于現(xiàn)在進行時表將來。例如：He is goi ng.他要走了。I m coming.我要來了。Tom is leavi ng.湯姆要走了。“ be goi ng to+動詞原形”表將來be going to 意為“計劃，打算”，后接動詞原形，用于表將來。例如：I m going to wash the car if I have time.若有時間我想洗洗車。Where are we

19、goi ng to stay ton ight?我們今晚住哪里？help sb. with sth.help sb with sth.意為“幫助某人做某事”。例如：I have to help my pare nts with the housework.我得幫助我的父母做家務。Can you help me with the work?你能幫助我做這項工作嗎？【拓展】與help相關的固定用法：有時候我?guī)臀夷赣H做飯。help作名詞。在她的幫助下，他找到了他失（1） help sb （to） do sth.意為“幫助某人做某事”。 例如： Sometimes I help my mother d

20、o the cook ing.（2）help on eself （to） 意為“自用（食物）等”。例如：Help yourself to some fish.請隨便吃些魚。（3） with the help of意為“在的幫助下”。此處例如： With the help of her, he found his lost child.蹤的孩子。There is somethi ng wrong with sth.句型 There is something wrong with sth.意為“某物壞（失靈）了”。相當于 Somethingis not work ing well.，還可以用 So

21、meth ing is broke n.替換。例如： There is somethi ng wrong with my watch.我的手表壞了。Here is someth ing wrong with my eyes.我的眼睛出毛病了?！就卣埂縏here is nothing wrong with sth.“某物沒有壞 /出毛病”。Is there an yth ing wrong with sth.“某物出故障了嗎？” 例如：There is nothing wrong with your computer.你的電腦沒問題。Is there anything wrong with my

22、 legs?我的腿有毛病嗎？You re welcome.You re welcome.意為“不用謝”。是對別人致謝時的答語。與其用法相同的還有：That s all right. /That s OK./Not at all. 等。例如：一Thanks for your help. 謝謝你的幫助。一You re welcome.不用謝。【拓展】welcome也可作動詞，表示歡迎”。例如：They welcomed him with flowers.他們用鮮花歡迎他的到來。D：語法（一）、基本概念表示將來某個時間要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，常與一些表示將來的時間狀語連用。例如：I am goin

23、g to / will watch a football match on TV this evening今天晚上我將在電視上看一場足球比賽。（二）、基本結(jié)構(gòu)一般將來時的結(jié)構(gòu)一般由助動詞will+動詞原形”或be going to+動詞原形”構(gòu)成。will是助動詞，不能獨立使用，前面的主語不管是什么人稱，其后總用will。在名詞或代詞后常簡縮為ll ，并與主語連寫在一起。will的否定形式是will not，縮略形式是won t。（三）、時間狀語一般將來時常用的時間狀語：tomorrow, toni ght, the day after tomorrow, n ext week,soon, i

24、n the year.湯姆兩天后回來。從現(xiàn)在起我會更加小心的。2020, in + 時間(mon th, year )，this after noon, evening例如： Tom will come back in two daysI ll be more careful from now on（四）、基本句型（1）肯定句1）主語+will+動詞原形+其他He will come here at once.他馬上來這兒。2)主語+be goi ng to+ 動詞原形+其他We are goi ng to climb the hill this afternoo n.我們打算今天下午去爬山。

25、(2)否定句 主語+ will + not +動詞原形+其他He will not(won t)go to the party.他不去參加聚會。主語+be + not + goi ng to+ 動詞原形+其他He isn t going to do mor ning exercises tomorrow.明天他不去做早操。一般疑問句Will+主語+動詞原形+其他？Will he help you with your En glish?他會幫助你學習英語嗎 ？ Be動詞(Am, Is , Are)+主語+going to+ 動詞原形+其他？Are you going to play comput

26、er games tomorrow after noon? 你打算明天下午玩電腦游戲嗎？特殊疑問句：疑問詞+般疑問句？What will the stude nts have for lunch today? They will have bread.他們將吃面包。、注意的問題(1 )主語是第一人稱I; we 時，常用助動詞 not 構(gòu)成，shall not可縮寫成 shan t。例如： We shall be very happy if you accept it.I shall write you a letter n ext mon th.We shan t be in the same

27、 room all day.(2)在問對方是否愿意或表示客氣的邀請時，常用學生們今天午飯吃什么 ？shall +動詞原形。否定形式是shall后加如果你接受了它，我們將會很高興。下個月我會給你寫信。我們不會整天待在同一房間里。will 。例如：Will you go to the zoo with me?你愿意和我去動物園嗎？Will you please ope n the door?請打開門好嗎？（3 ）在表示建議或征求對方意見時，用shall 。例如：Shall we go at ten? 我們在10:00走好嗎？（六）、There be句型與含有 will和be going to的一般

28、將來時（1） There be句型與含有 will的一般將來時基本結(jié)構(gòu)：There will be + 名詞+其他成分例如：There will be only one country in the future.未來會只有一個國家。（2） There be句型與含有 be going to的一般將來時基本結(jié)構(gòu)：There is / are going to be +名詞+ 其他成分（注意句型中going to 后面的be不能改為have。）常用來表示將有某事發(fā)生。例如： There is going to be a football match next Saturday in our sc

29、hool.下周六我們學校將有一場足球比賽。注意：無論后面加單數(shù)名詞或名詞的復數(shù)形式，be都必須用原形。（七）、be going to 與 will 的區(qū)別（1） be going to表示近期、眼下就要發(fā)生的事情，will表示的將來時間則較遠一些。例如：He is goi ng to write a letter toni ght.今晚他打算寫一圭寸信。He will write a book one day.有一天他會寫一本書。（2） be going to表示根據(jù)主觀判斷將來肯定發(fā)生的事情，will表示客觀上將來勢必發(fā)生的事情。我認為我們隊會贏得比賽。明年他就20歲了。will則沒有這個意

30、思。我打算在一個小村子里度假。例如：I think our team is going to win the game.He will be twenty years old next year.be going to 含有計劃，準備”的意思，而 例如：I m going to spend my holiday in a village.He will be here in half an hour.他一小時后到達這里。（4） 在有條件從句的主句中，一般不用be going to, 而多用will 。例如：We ll have a picnic if my father is free.如果我

31、父親有空，我們會去野餐。（5） be going to表示根據(jù)目前跡象推斷將要發(fā)生的事情，而在沒有跡象表明的情況下進 行的猜測用will 和be going to ”皆可。例如：Look at the clouds. It s going to rain.你看天上的云。快下雨了。My God! We are goi ng to crash.天哪！我們快撞車了。I think the weather will be nice.我想天會變晴朗的。I think the weather is going to be n ice.二、課后練習A:單項選擇()1.1 m busy today. I ha

32、ve lots of things.A. do B. to do C. does D. doing()2. I havemoney in my pocket.A. any B.not C. none D. no()3. How many girls are there in the classroom?.A. Not any B. None C. No D. An ybody()4. I went to the parkyesterday.A. on a bicycle B. by the bicycle C. in a bicycle D. by bicycles()5.The bicycl

33、eme 300 yua n.A. spe ntB. took C. left D. cost()6. They didn t leave10 o clock last night.A. whe nB. to C. un til D. after()7.of themin the city.A. No one, are B. Non e, is C. No, is D. No on e, is()8.pieces of breadin the box.A. How many, is there B. How much, is thereC. How many, are there D. How

34、much, are there()9. He is still hun gry, he wants to havemilk.A. one more B. ano ther one C. some more D. many more()10. We can t waitour teacher from the USA.A. see B. see ingC. to see D. for see ing()11. It took me two hoursto the hospital yesterday.A. walked B. walki ng C. walks D. to walk()12. T

35、he shop that isto my home is oftenat 9:30 p.m.A. close, close B. closed, closed C. close, closed D. close, closes()13.is very difficult.A. Less on fifth B. The lesson fifth C. Five lesson D. The fifthless on()14. Joh n, hurry up! You areover the pho ne.A. asked B. hoped C. an sweredD. wan ted()15. T

36、he computer doesn t work. I m afraid youuse it today.A. may B. can t C. needn t D. mustnt()16. Happy birthday, Tom. .A. With pleasure B. Thanks a lot C. You too D. The same to you()17. Which would you like to drink, tea or coffee?. I d like to have somejuice.A. None B. Neither C. Both D. All()18. It

37、 s a good school.A. to study B. to study in it C. to study in D. study ing in()19. I like sleep ing lateevery Sun day morning.A. in B. on C. at D. /()20.Excuse me, could you tell meget to No.1 Hospital, please.A. where is B. which is to C. how can I D. how to()21.Let s go to the cinema,?A. shall we

38、B. will you C. are you D. do you()22.There isfood in the fridge.A. none B. no C. not D. no any()23. He was very surprised. He couldn t open the car of.A. his own s B. he ownC. he own s D. his own()24. When shall we meet, this evening or this after noon? I don t mind .time is OK.A. Both B. Every C. A

39、ll D. Either()25. Of the three men, one is a worker,two are masters.A. the others B. the other C. others D. Other()26. How much these tomatoes? Two yua n.A. isB. areC. beD. will be()27.We haveA.noneeggs in the fridge.B. muchC. three kilos D. no()28.My father usuallyA. brin gs, with.withme the park o

40、n Saturday.B. takes, with C. takes, t oD. takesh” and)29.There isA. a, aB. an, a C. an,)30.How many books can you buyA. with B. about C. onu” in the worda *housean)31.This is notbook ,ItA.you, herB. your , her)32.Jim got a full mark in the exam. ThatA. soundsB. liste nsC. hears)33.He is a guider. He

41、 is going to show usA. inB. atD .a, an the money?D. abouts.C. your , hers D. great! D. listen to this big factory.C. aroundyours,hersD. off)34.Kate ofte n helps her mother some cooking.A. do B. does C. doing D. is doing)35.My mother is busy today. There are many clothesA. washesafter work.)36.Why do

42、nA. to visitB. wash ingC. to wash D. washt you B. visitour local theatre?)37. We shallA. be there)38.C. visit ingD. visits_at 9 a.m. to enjoy a full day there.B. there C. is there D. are theresheepthere on the farm?A. How many; is B. How many; are C. How much; is D. How much; are)39. Miss Green teac

43、hesA. us B. ourEn glish.C. we D. ours)40. We ofte n haveA. too many )41.He hasA. many, no )42.homework to do on Sun day.B. many too C. much too D. too much books, but I have .B. much, none C. many, none D. much, noA. What)43.Chi na isA. closebags of beef do you need?B. How many C. How much D. Which

44、Japan, Korea and Russia.B. farC. close toD. n extparty last Sun day. Party was _ lots of fun.a, The, a B. the , the, a C.)45. Would you like to go swimmi ng with me?A. Yes, I like toC. Yes, I willB:詞形變換1. What about)44.They held A.a, the,/ D.a,The, the2. Would you likeB. Yes, Id love toD. Yes, I wou

45、ld like(go) camp ing with us?(eat) some bread for breakfast?Jim is a(wait) of a restaura nt.Please ask him(call) me this evening.Whe n summer comes, they like going(swim) in the river.There are a lot of clothes(wash) in the house.I m(friend) to my students.Why not(buy) some souve nirs here?He lives

46、on the(twe nty) floor.In her(fifty), she wrote a lot of books.I don t think it s a wonderful place(play).All the childre n looked(happy) at the fashi on show.There is always a lot of homework for me(do) at weeke nds.It ofte n takes me 40 minutes(ride) back home.Nick with his family usually(play) football in the scho