歐美文學(xué)名篇選讀答案

1、-. z.作者作品搭配Geoffrey Chaucer 杰佛里.喬叟The Canterbury Tales The Book of the DuchessTroilus and Criseyde The Legend of Good Women The House of Fame The Parliament of Fowls 百鳥議會Romance of the Rose 玫瑰傳奇William Shakespeare 威廉.莎士比亞A Mid-Summer Nights Dream 仲夏夜之夢The Merchant of Venice 威尼斯商人As You Like It 皆大歡喜T

2、welfth Night 第十二夜Hamlet 哈姆雷特Othello 奧賽羅King Lear 爾王Macbeth 麥克白Venus and Adonis 維納斯和阿多尼斯The Rape of Lucrece 魯克麗絲受辱記Francis Bacon 弗蘭西斯.培根Advancement of Learning 學(xué)術(shù)的進(jìn)展Novum Organum 新工具The New Atlantic 新大西洋島Essays 隨筆Daniel Defoe 丹尼爾.笛福Robinson Crusoe 魯賓遜漂流記Caption Singleton 辛格頓船長Moll Flanders 莫爾.佛蘭德斯A J

3、ournal of the Plague Year 大疫年日記William Blake 威廉.布萊克The Chimney Sweeper 掃煙囪的孩子Song of Innocence 天真之歌Song of E*perience 經(jīng)歷之歌Poetical Sketches 素描詩集The French Revolution 法國革命The Marriage of Heaven Hell 天堂與地獄的婚姻America:A Prophecy 美國Milton 彌爾頓Robert Burns 羅伯特.斯A Red, Red Rose 一朵紅紅的玫瑰Poems, Chiefly in the

4、Scottish Dialect 格蘭方言詩集The Tree of Liberty 自由樹Scots Wha Hae 格蘭人The Two Dogs 兩只狗Holy Willies Prayer 威利長老的祈禱My Hearts in the highlands 我的心呀在高原John Anderson, My Jo 約翰.安徒生A Mans a Man for All That 不管那些William Wordsworth 威廉.華茲華斯She Dwelt Among the Untroddrn Ways Lucy Poems露茜組詩The Solitary Reaper 刈麥女I Wan

5、dered Lonely as a Cloud 我好似一朵流云單獨(dú)漫游Lyrical Ballads 抒情歌謠集An Evening Walk 黃昏漫步The E*curison 遠(yuǎn)足The Prelude 序曲George Gordon Byron 喬治.戈登.拜倫She Walks in BeautyOriental Tales 敘事詩Don Juan 唐璜Childe Harolds Pilgrimage 恰爾德.哈羅德游記The Prisoner of Chillon 錫雍的囚徒Manfred 曼弗雷德Cain 該隱The Vision of Judgment 審判的幻境The Age

6、 of Bronze 青銅世紀(jì)Edgar Allan Poe 埃德加.愛倫.坡To Helen 致海倫The Raven 烏鴉Annabel Lee 安娜貝爾.The Bells 鐘聲The Fall of the House of Usher 厄舍古宅的倒塌Walt Whitman 瓦爾特.惠特曼O Caption！My Caption！ A，船長！我的船長！Emily Dickinson 埃米莉.狄更生I Died for Beauty 為美而死Success 成功Im Nobody 我是小人物Jane Austen 簡.奧斯丁Pride and Prejudice 傲慢與偏見Sense

7、and Sensibility 理智與情感Mansfield Park 曼斯菲爾德公園Emma 愛瑪Northanger Abbey 諾森覺寺Persuasion 勸導(dǎo)Charlotte Bronte 夏洛蒂.勃朗特Jane Eyre 簡.愛Shirley 雪莉The Professor 教授Villette 維萊特Washington Irving 華盛頓.歐文Rip Van Winkle 瑞普.凡.溫克爾The Legend of Sleepy Hollow 睡谷傳奇A History of New YorkNathaniel Hawthorne 納撒尼爾.霍桑The Scarlet Le

8、tter 紅字Mosses from an Old Manse 古宅青苔The House of the Seven Gables 七個尖角閣的房子The Marble Faun 石雕像The Blithedale Romance 福谷傳奇William Butler Yeats 威廉.巴特勒.葉芝The Second ing 第二次圣臨The Lake Isle of Innisfree 茵尼斯弗利島When You Are Old 當(dāng)你老了Sailing to Byzantium 駛向拜占庭The Winding Stair 盤旋的樓梯William Faulkner 威廉.福克納A Ro

9、se For Emily 獻(xiàn)給埃米莉的玫瑰The Sound and the Fury 喧囂與騷動As I Lay Dying 在我彌留之際Light in August 八月之光Absalom，Absalom！押沙龍,押沙龍?jiān)姼璺g和賞析Sonnet 18 William Shakespeare 威廉.莎士比亞Shall I pare thee to a summers dayThou art more lovely and more temperate.Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,And summers lease hath a

10、ll too short a date.Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines,And often is his gold ple*ion dimmed;And every fair from fair sometime declines,By chance or natures changing course untrimmed;But thy eternal summer shall not fade,Nor lose possession of that fair thou owst;Nor shall Death brag thou wand

11、erst in his shade,When in eternal lines to time thou growst.So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see,So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.譯文我怎么能夠?qū)⒛惚茸飨奶炷惚认奶旄利悳赝??？耧L(fēng)將五月的蓓蕾凋殘，夏日的勾留何其短暫。休戀那麗日當(dāng)空，轉(zhuǎn)眼會云霧迷蒙;休嘆那百花凋零，摧折于無常天命;唯有你永恒的夏日長新，你的美貌亦毫發(fā)無損。死神也無緣將你幽禁，你在我永恒的詩中長存。只要世間尚有人吟誦我的詩篇，這詩就將不朽，永葆你的芳顏。1.

12、Discuss S s use of the summers day. Why does he choose this image答：The poet pares his friend to summer, and then by describing the instability of summer to show his friends immortality. His purpose is to tell us that the power of beauty es from man. The poet is praising the spirit of RenaissanceHuma

13、nism.2.What are the theme and the rhetorical devices of this sonnet答：The friendship between good friends and the eternity of their friendship. Rhetorical questioning, simile personification and parallelism.The Chimney Sweeper William Blake 威廉.布萊克A little black thing among the snow: 風(fēng)雪里一個滿身烏黑的小東西Cryi

14、ng weep, weep, in notes of woe! 號呀，號在那里哭哭啼啼!Where are thy father & mother say 你的爹娘上哪兒去了，你講講They are both gone up to the church to pray. 他們呀都去禱告了，上了教堂。Because I was happy upon the heath, 因?yàn)槲以仍谝暗乩餁g歡喜喜，And smild among the winters snow: 我在冬天的雪地里也總是笑嘻嘻,They clothed me in the clothes of death, 他們就把我拿倒霉的黑

15、衣裳一罩，And taught me to sing the notes of woe. 他們還叫我唱起了悲傷的曲調(diào)。And because I am happy & dance & sing, 因?yàn)槲绎@得快活，還唱歌，還跳舞，They think they have done me no injury: 他們就以為并沒有把我害苦，And are gone to praise God & his Priest & King, 就跑去贊美了上帝、教士和國王，Who make up a heaven of our misery. 夸他們拿我們苦難造成了天堂。1.What kind of socia

16、l reality has been reflected in this poem答:The use of young children as chimney sweepers. Children were often sold at the age of 7 to work as chimney sweepers. They were badly treated, without enough clothes, food or housing. They were placed in constant danger of suffocating or burning, and the soo

17、t caused cancer and other serious illnesses that resulted in painful and early deaths統(tǒng)治階級: This poem e*poses the hypocrisy and corruption of the ruling-class people. The political and religious leaders, represented by God, Priest and King, are hypocritically pious. They maintain a sumptuous life but

18、 ignore the poverty-stricken groups. Through the childs simple statement, the poet intends to attack them for their indifference and ruthlessness.2.Why is the chimney sweeper called a little black thing答: The little black thing is a little boy who is a chimney-sweeper. It is chimney-sweeping that ha

19、s made him look black. A little black thing refers to poor child who has been made black because of chimney-sweeping.She Dwell Among the Untrodden Ways William Wordsworth 威廉.華茲華斯She dwelt among the untrodden ways Beside the springs of Dove,A Maid whom there were none to praise And very few to love:A

20、 violet by a mossy stone Half hidden from the eye!Fair as a star, when only one Is shining in the sky.She lived unknown, and few could know When Lucy ceased to be;But she is in her grave, and, oh, The difference to me! 譯文:她住在人跡罕至的地方她住在人跡罕至的地方，在白鴿溪水旁，沒有誰贊美這位姑娘，更無人來愛賞。她是青苔石邊的紫羅蘭，秀色半遮半掩！她美如孤星遙掛天邊，星輝爍爍閃

21、現(xiàn)。沒有誰知道她活在人世，或者死于何時；嗚呼，伊人如今已仙逝，苦痛唯有我知！1.What does the poet pare the girl to答:A Viollet and to a Star2.What is the importance of the imagery in this poemThe Solitary Reaper BEHOLD her, single in the field,看，一個孤獨(dú)的高原姑娘，Yon solitary Highland Lass! 在遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)的田野間收割，Reaping and singing by herself; 一邊割一邊單獨(dú)歌唱，Stop

22、 here, or gently pass! 請你站住或者俏悄走過！Alone she cuts and binds the grain, 她單獨(dú)把麥子割了又捆，And sings a melancholy strain; 唱出無限悲涼的歌聲，O listen! for the Vale profound 屏息聽吧！深廣的谷地Is overflowing with the sound. 已被歌聲漲滿而漫溢！No Nightingale did ever chaunt 還從未有過夜鶯百囀，More wele notes to weary bands 唱出過如此迷人的歌，Of travellers

23、 in some shady haunt, 在沙漠中的綠蔭間Among Arabian sands: 撫慰過疲憊的旅客；A voice so thrilling neer was heard 還從未有過杜鵑迎春，In spring-time from the Cuckoo-bird, 聲聲啼得如此震動靈魂，Breaking the silence of the seas 在遙遠(yuǎn)的赫布利底群島Among the farthest Hebrides. 打破過大海的寂寥。Will no one tell me what she sings- 她唱什么，誰能告訴我？Perhaps the plaint

24、ive numbers flow 憂傷的音符不斷流涌，F(xiàn)or old, unhappy, far-off things, 是把遙遠(yuǎn)的不聿訴說？And battles long ago: 是把古代的戰(zhàn)爭吟詠？Or is it some more humble lay, 也許她的歌比擬卑謙Familiar matter of to-day 只是唱今日平凡的悲歡Some natural sorrow, loss, or pain, 只是唱自然的哀傷苦痛That has been, and may be again 昨天經(jīng)受過，明天又將重逢？Whateer the theme, the Maiden

25、sang 姑娘唱什么，我猜不著，As if her song could have no ending; 她的歌如流水永無盡頭；I saw her singing at her work, 只見她一邊唱一邊干活，And oer the sickle bending; 彎腰揮鐮，操勞不休I listend, motionless and still; 我凝神不動，聽她歌唱，And, as I mounted up the hill, 然后，當(dāng)我登上了山崗，The music in my heart I bore, 盡管歌聲早已不能聽到，Long after it was heard no mor

26、e. 它卻仍在我心頭繚繞。1.How does the first stanza emphasize the solitary state of the reaper2.Is it possible to hear the song of the nightingale in the Arabian deserts or the cry of the cuckoo-bird in the Hebrides If not, why did Wordsworth use these parisons答：The girl is pared to nightingales and cuckoo-bir

27、ds in a positive light, as through she is one of them, which shows her natural side, The vale profound Is overflowing with the sound and this also shows that she and nature are sympathetic to catch other.I Wandered Lonely as a CloudI Wandered Lonely as a Cloud 我孤獨(dú)地漫游，像一朵云William WordsworthI wandered

28、 lonely as a cloud 我孤獨(dú)地漫游，像一朵云That floats on high oer vales and hills, 在山丘和谷地上飄蕩，When all at once I saw a crowd, 突然間我看見一群A host, of golden daffodils; 金色的水仙花迎春開放，Beside the lake, beneath the trees, 在樹蔭下，在湖水邊，F(xiàn)luttering and dancing in the breeze. 迎著微風(fēng)起舞翩翩。Continuous as the stars that shine 連綿不絕，如繁星燦爛，

29、And twinkle on the milky way, 在銀河里閃閃發(fā)光，They stretched in never-ending line 它們沿著湖灣的邊緣Along the margin of a bay: 延伸成無窮無盡的一行； Ten thousand saw I at a glance, 我一眼看見了一萬朵，Tossing their heads in sprightly dance. 在歡舞之中起伏顛簸。The waves beside them danced;but they 粼粼波光也在跳著舞，Out-did the sparkling waves in glee:

30、水仙的歡欣卻勝過水波；A poet could not but be gay, 與這樣快活的伴侶為伍，In such a jocund pany: 詩人怎能不滿心歡樂！I gazed-and gazed-but little thought 我久久凝望，卻想象不到What wealth the show to me had brought: 這奇景賦予我多少財寶，F(xiàn)or oft, when on my couch I lie 每當(dāng)我躺在床上不眠，In vacant or in pensive mood, 或心神空茫，或默默沉思， They flash upon that inward eye

31、它們常在心靈中閃現(xiàn)，Which is the bliss of solitude; 那是孤獨(dú)之中的福祉；And then my heart with pleasure fills, 于是我的心便漲滿幸福，And dances with the daffodils. 和水仙一同翩翩起舞。1.List the images used in the poem to see how they are effectively used to foreshadow the theme of the poem答：2.Wordsworth is a poet of nature. How do you int

32、erpret nature in this poem答：Robinson Crusoe 魯濱遜漂流記Daniel Defoe1.What kind of character is Robinson Crusoe答：Robinson: hardworking, perseverant, resourceful, e*tremely practical, optimistic, rational, strong-willed, ambitious, adventurous, orderly, cautious, patient, colonial mind, devout, enterprisin

33、g.2.What is the function of first person narration in the novel答：The first person point of view people uses enables the reader to e*perience first-hand changes that take people within Crusoe while he is on the island. The gives validity to every word and quote in the novel because it is actually the

34、 narrators words. Theme: Novels praised the representatives of the emerging bourgeoisie - Robinson of diligence, wisdom, courage, tenacity and tenacity of good moral character. Novel also reflects the emerging bourgeoisie in the period of capitalist primitive accumulation requirements of the freedom

35、 personality, play to individual brilliance, risk taking, and enterprising spirit of the pursuit of wealth.Pride and Prejudice Jane Austen1.What kind of people are Mr.Bennet and Mrs.Bennet答：Mr: Elizabeths ironic and often apathetic father. Unhappily married, he has failed to provide a secure financi

36、al future for his wife and daughters.Mrs: Elizabeths foolish and unrestrained mother who is obsessed with finding husbands for her daughters.故事語言：witty, warm and ironicThe Scarlet Letter 紅字Nathaniel Hawthorne1.What does the scarlet letter stand for in the novel答: Predestination, original sin ,total

37、depravity and salvation. And also stands for Hesters lonely life in New England. After she iss released , Hester lives in a cottage near the outskirts of the city.2.What does a wild rose-bush symbolize in the te*t答:It symbol of passion and the wilderness the ability of nature to endure and outlast m

38、ans activity. Hesters inability to control her passion and tame it so that she can assimilate to puritansociety.總結(jié):The three changes in and significant; they show the progressive possession of her sin her lonely life and her ability.Tess of the DUrbervilles 德伯家的苔絲 Thomas Hardy1.Does Angel behave as his name indicates2.Does Angel still love Tess after her confession to himTheme: The tragic fate of Tess and her family was not that of an individual family, but it was symbolic of the disintegration of the English peasantry-a process which had reached