英語五種基本句型及練習(xí)

1、第一部分英語五種基本句型基本句型一* :主+系+表此句型的句子有一個共同的特點(diǎn)：句子謂語動詞都不能表達(dá)一個完整的意思，必須加上一 個表明主語身份或狀態(tài)的表語構(gòu)成復(fù)合謂語 ，才能表達(dá)完整的意思.這類動詞叫做連系動詞. 系動詞分兩類:be, look, keep, seem 等屬一類；get, grow, become, turn 等屬另一類,表示 變化.be本身沒有什么意義，只起連系主語和表語的作用.其它系動詞仍保持其部分詞義.This | is | an English -Chinese dictionary.這是本英漢辭典.The dinner | smells | good.午餐的氣味很好

2、.His face | turned | red.他的臉紅了Everything | looks | different. 一切看來都不同了 .He I is growing | tall and strong.他長得又高又壯.基本句型二：主+謂（不及物動詞）此句型的句子有一個共同特點(diǎn)，即句子的謂語動詞都能表達(dá)完整的意思.這類動詞叫做不 及物動詞，后面可以跟副詞，介詞短語，狀語從何等.The sun | was shining.太陽在照耀著 .The moon | rose. 月亮升起了 .What he said | does not matter.他所講的沒有什么關(guān)系.They | tal

3、ked for half an hour.他們談了半個小時.The pen | writes smoothly. 這支筆書寫流禾U .基本句型三：主+謂（及物）+賓此句型句子的共同特點(diǎn)是：謂語動詞都具有實(shí)義，都是主語產(chǎn)生的動作，但不能表達(dá)完整 的意思，必須跟有一個賓語，即動作的承受者，才能使意思完整.這類動詞叫做及物動詞.Who | knows | the answer ? 誰知道答案？He | enjoys | reading. 他喜歡看書.He | admits | that he was mistaken. 他承認(rèn)犯了錯誤.基本句型四：主+謂（及物）+雙賓（間賓+直賓）此句型的句子有一個

4、共同特點(diǎn)：謂語動詞必須跟有兩個賓語才能表達(dá)完整的意思.這兩個 賓語一個是動作的直接承受者，另一個是動作的間接承受者.通常這一間接承受者用一個介詞 來連接，當(dāng)動作的間接承受者在動作的直接承受者之前時，這一介詞往往被省略.She | ordered | herself | a new dress.她給自己定了套新衣裳 .I | showed | him | my pictures. 我給他看我的照片.He | bought | you | a dictionary.他給你買了一本字典.I | told | him | that the bus was late.我告訴他汽車晚點(diǎn)了 .He I sh

5、owed | me | how to run the machi ne. 他教我開機(jī)器.基本句型五：主+謂（及物）+復(fù)合賓語（賓+賓補(bǔ)）此句型的句子的共同特點(diǎn)是：動詞雖然是及物動詞，但是只跟一個賓語還不能表達(dá)完整的 意思，必須加上一個補(bǔ)充成分來補(bǔ)足賓語，才能使意思完整.They | painted | the door | green.他們把門漆成綠色.They | found | the house | deserted. 他們發(fā)現(xiàn)那房子無人居住.What | makes | him | think so ? 他怎么會這樣想？.We | saw | him | out.我們送他出去.He I

6、 asked | me | to come back soon.他要我早點(diǎn)回來 .I I saw | them | getting on the bus at that time.我看見他們當(dāng)時在上了那輛公共汽車.基本句型翻譯練習(xí)基本句型一 :王+系+表.當(dāng)時他看起來不高興。.我喜歡的運(yùn)動是游泳和滑冰。.我擅長英語。.收到你的來信我很高興。.在公路對面有一棟新教學(xué)樓。.圖書館里有各種各樣的書籍、報紙和雜志。.那是在2000年2月8日早上7:15.天變得越來越黑。.這食物吃起來挺可口的。.這故事聽起來很有趣。Key:He looked unhappy at that time.My favour

7、ite sports are swimming and skating.I am very good at English.I was so pleased to hear from you.On the other side of the road there is a new classroom/teaching building.In the library there are all kinds of books, newspapers and magazines.It was 7:15 on the morning of February 8, 2000.It is getting

8、darker and darker.The food tastes delicious.The story sounds very interesting.基本句型二：主+謂（不及物動詞）1.1984年至1990年我在光明小學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)。.今天上午，我們在校門口會面然后一起去那里。.時間很快過去了。.這幾年我們家鄉(xiāng)發(fā)生了巨大的變化。.小車沒有停而是快速的開走了。.在過去的10年間它的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展迅速。.那個年輕人重重地摔倒在地。.過去他早上習(xí)慣于早起。Key:I studied in Guangming Primary School from 1984 to 1990.This morning we m

9、et at the school gate and went there together.The time passed quickly.Great changes have taken place in our hometown these years.The car didnt stop but drove off at great speed.Its economy has developed rapidly in the past ten years.The young man fell down on the ground hard.He used to get up early

10、in the morning.基本句型三：主+謂（及物）+賓.去年在學(xué)校電腦競賽中我獲得了一等獎。.在業(yè)余時間我喜歡聽流行音樂和收集郵票。.幾天前我和我兄弟騎自行車去看電影。.我們也在校園內(nèi)和周圍種上了許多樹。.晚上時，我可以看電視新聞或看報紙。.在回家的路上他把錢給丟了。.昨晚大約九點(diǎn)的時候，我正在做作業(yè)。.才藝展示（Talent Show ）將于6月18日在北京電視臺舉行。.下午，我將帶你們轉(zhuǎn)轉(zhuǎn)，看一看一些名勝。.盼望能盡早見到你。Key:Last year I won first prize in the school computer competition.In my spare t

11、ime I enjoy listening to popular music and collecting stamps.The other day my brother and I went to the cinema by bicycle.We also planted a lot of trees in and around the school.In the evenings I can watch news on TV or read newspapers.He lost the money on his way home.About 9 oclock last night, I w

12、as doing my homework.Talent Show will be held in Beijing Television Station on July 18.In the afternoon, I ll show you around and take you to some places of interest.I m looking forward to meeting you soon.基本句型四：主+謂（及物）+雙賓（問賓+直賓）.去年王老師教我們英語。.明天我要給他寫封信，告訴他這個好消息。.他們給他提供了一份工作，但他拒絕了。.在我14歲生日時，爸爸給我買了一輛新自

13、行車。.昨晚我花了兩小時才完成作業(yè)。.對不起，能問你一個問題嗎？Key:Mr Wang taught us English last year.Tomorrow I ll write him a letter and tell him the good news.They offered him a job, but he turned it down.On my 14 th birthday, Father bought me a new bike.It took me two hours to finish my homework last night.Excuse me, can I a

14、sk you a question?基本句型五：主+謂（及物）+復(fù)合賓語（賓+賓補(bǔ)）.當(dāng)時我看到那些孩子在河邊玩。.我們正在使我們的國家變得越來越美麗。.當(dāng)我到達(dá)教室時，我發(fā)現(xiàn)里邊沒有人。.昨天下午在公交車上我的錢包讓人給偷了。.我注意到凱特整個早上都在圖書館里看書。6,父親叫我給他帶些報紙來。Key:I saw the kids/children playing by the river at that time.We are making our country more and more beautiful.When I got to the classroom, I found nob

15、ody in.I had my wallet stolen on a bus yesterday afternoon.I noticed Kate reading in the library all the morning.Father asked/got me to bring him some newspapers.基本句型翻譯綜合練習(xí)：1,那噪音太響，我無法繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)。.得知你9月份要來我很高興。.人們需要一個可以休息和玩樂的地方。.當(dāng)那個人在過馬路時，小車撞了他。5,我已答應(yīng)明天下午3: 30到機(jī)場接他。.聽了我說的話，我的鄰居向我道歉并馬上把電視音量關(guān)小。7,他是一個很有學(xué)問的人我們

16、都很欣賞他。.在過去，人們主要通過寫信、打公共電話來彼此保持聯(lián)系。.我寧愿呆在家里，因?yàn)槲铱梢宰鑫蚁胱龅?，比如：讀書、看電視、幫助父母做家務(wù)。.我們應(yīng)該把中國文化和歷史介紹給外國人，以便他們能更多的了解中國。.為了改善北京交通，政府應(yīng)鼓勵更多人使用公共交通或自行車。.以我的觀點(diǎn)來看，考試作弊是錯的，因?yàn)樗`反了學(xué)校規(guī)章。.我們學(xué)生應(yīng)該誠實(shí)，盡力通過努力學(xué)習(xí)而不是考試作弊來獲得好成績。.有個老人靜靜地坐在附近的一個板凳上。Key:The noise was so loud that I couldnt go on studying.I m so glad to learn that you re

17、 coming in September.People need a place where they can rest and enjoy themselves.The car hit the man while he was crossing the road.I have promised to meet him at the airport at 3:30 tomorrow afternoon.After hearing what I said, my neighbor apologized to me and turned down the TV immediately.He is

18、such a learned person that we all admire hem very much.In the past, people kept in touch with each other mainly by writing letters or using the public telephone.I prefer to stay at home, for I can do what I like, such as reading books, watching TV, and helping my parents with the housework.We should

19、 introduce the Chinese culture and history to foreigners so that they may know China better.To improve the traffic in Beijing, the government should encourage more people to use public transport and bicycles.In my opinion, it is wrong to cheat in examinations because it breaks the rules of schools.W

20、estudents should be honest and try to get good results by studying hard instead of cheating in examinations.There was an old man sitting quietly on a bench nearby.第二部分基礎(chǔ)寫作訓(xùn)練（一）英語五種基本句型基本句型一 :王+系+表此句型的句子有一個共同的特點(diǎn)：句子謂語動詞都不能表達(dá)一個完整的意思，必須加上一個名 詞或者形容詞，才能表達(dá)完整的意思.系動詞分兩類:be, look, keep, seem等屬一類;get,grow, bec

21、ome, turn 等屬另一類，表示變化.be本身沒有什么意義，只起連系主語和表語的作 用.其它系動詞仍保持其部分詞義.This | is | an English -Chinese dictionary.這是本英漢辭典.The dinner | smells | good.午餐的味道很好.His face | turned | red.他的臉紅了Everything | looks | different.一切看來都不同了 .基本句型二：主+謂（不及物動詞）此句型的句子有一個共同特點(diǎn)，即句子的謂語動詞都能表達(dá)完整的意思.這類動詞叫做不及物 動詞，后面可以跟副詞，介詞短語，狀語從何等.The

22、pen | writes smoothly.這支筆書寫流禾U .The sun rises in the east.太陽從東方升起。They | talked for half an hour. 他們談了半個小時.基本句型三：主+謂（及物）+賓此句型句子的共同特點(diǎn)是：謂語動詞都具有實(shí)義，都是主語產(chǎn)生的動作，但不能表達(dá)完整 的意思，必須跟有一個賓語，即動作的承受者，才能使意思完整.這類動詞叫做及物動詞.Who | knows | the answer ? 誰知道答案？He | enjoys | reading. 他喜歡看書.My sister is writing a letter at thi

23、s moment.我妹妹止匕亥U 正在寫一封信。基本句型四：主+謂（及物）+間接賓語+ 直接賓語此句型的句子有一個共同特點(diǎn)：謂語動詞必須跟有兩個賓語才能表達(dá)完整的意思.最常 見接雙賓語的動詞：give, lend, offer, show, tell, buy, choose, bring, get,leave, make ,I gave I me I a book 他給了我一本書。He I bought | you | a dictionary.他給你買了一本字典.He | showed | me | how to run the machine. 他教我開機(jī)器 .基本句型五：主+謂（及物）

24、+復(fù)合賓語（賓+賓補(bǔ)）此句型的句子的共同特點(diǎn)是：動詞雖然是及物動詞，但是只跟一個賓語還不能表達(dá)完整的 意思，必須加上一個補(bǔ)充成分來補(bǔ)足賓語，才能使意思完整.They | painted | the door | green.他們把門漆成綠色.They | found | the house | clean。他們發(fā)現(xiàn)那房子很He | asked | me | to come back soon.他要我早點(diǎn)回來.heard him singing a song in the next room.基本句型翻譯練習(xí)基本句型一 :王+系+表.當(dāng)時他看起來不高興。.我喜歡的運(yùn)動是游泳和滑冰。.我擅長英語。

25、.收到你的來信我很高興。.在公路對面有一棟新教學(xué)樓。.圖書館里有各種各樣的書籍、報紙和雜志。.天變得越來越黑。.這食物吃起來挺可口的。.這故事聽起來很有趣?；揪湫投褐?謂（不及物動詞）1984 年至 1990年我在光明小學(xué)（Guangming Primary School ）學(xué)習(xí)。.時間很快過去了。.這幾年我們家鄉(xiāng)發(fā)生了巨大的變化。.在過去的10年間它的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展迅速。.過去他早上習(xí)慣于早起?；揪湫腿褐?謂（及物）+賓.去年在學(xué)校電腦競賽中我獲得了一等獎。.在業(yè)余時間我喜歡聽流行音樂和收集郵票。.我們也在校園內(nèi)和周圍種上了許多樹。.晚上，我可以看電視新聞或看報紙。.在回家的路上他把錢給丟

26、了。.才藝展示（Talent Show ）將于6月18日在北京電視臺舉行。基本句型四：主+謂（及物）+雙賓（問賓+直賓）.去年王老師教我們英語.明天我要給他寫封信，告訴他這個好消息。.在我14歲生日時，爸爸給我買了一輛新自行車。.昨晚我花了兩小時才完成作業(yè)?；揪湫臀澹褐?謂（及物）+復(fù)合賓語（賓+賓補(bǔ)）.當(dāng)時我看到那些孩子在河邊玩。.我們正在使我們的國家變得越來越美麗。.我注意到凱特整個早上都在圖書館里看書。.父親叫我給他帶些報紙來。基本句型翻譯綜合練習(xí):.那噪音太響，我無法繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)（so that ）。.得知你9月份要來我很高興。（be very glad to）.人們需要一個可以休息和玩

27、樂的地方。（a place where 的定語從句）.在過去，人們主要通過寫信、打公共電話來彼此保持聯(lián)系。（kept in touch withby+doing）.為了改善北京交通，政府應(yīng)鼓勵更多人使用公共交通或自行車。（In order to / encourage more people to use ）基礎(chǔ)寫作（活動安排）（一）寫作注意事項(xiàng)：.活動安排的寫作一般使用將來時，文章結(jié)構(gòu)以總分為主，第一句往往要清楚說明活動舉 辦目的和內(nèi)容。.活動安排的寫作基本都涉及到地點(diǎn)和時間的安排，應(yīng)該注意表達(dá)時間和地點(diǎn)的介詞使用。.活動安排的應(yīng)用文多屬于通知類，具給出的中文提示往往隱藏主語，可以考慮使用祈

28、使句或者被動語態(tài)。（二）相關(guān)短語up 報名2. improve our spoken English提高我們的口語. will be held將被舉行are warmly welcome to熱烈歡迎你5. aim to 目的是； 旨在6. promote the campus culture弘揚(yáng)校園文化7. arouse our interest激發(fā)興趣8. develop our ability in培養(yǎng)的能力9. are encouraged to被鼓勵做 the great honor to很榮幸organize an English-speaking contest組織次英語演講比賽

29、hold an English writing activity called.舉行叫作的英語寫作活動（三）相關(guān)句型：.如果你有興趣，請在下周四下午五點(diǎn)前到辦公室報名，以便我們作必要安排。If, please at the office before 5: 00 pm next Thursday so that we will make necessary arrangements.我們很榮幸請來了何教授在本周五下午 4: 00-5: 00給我們講述關(guān)于中西方文化差異的講 座，講座將會在學(xué)校體育館舉行。We havenvited Professor He to give us a wonder

30、fullecture between eastern and western cultures thisFriday afternoon, which in the school stadium between 4:00 .and 5:00 .為了增長我們的環(huán)保知識，提高英語口語，學(xué)生會將要舉辦一個演講比賽；In order to about the environment andthe Students Union is going to - an English-speaking contest4,我們學(xué)校將舉行叫作青春校園的英語寫作活動一巾是弘揚(yáng)校園文化和培養(yǎng)學(xué)生英語寫作 能力，Our

31、school is going to called “YouthCampus , whichaims toand(四)實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練：你校英語科組將舉辦“英語卡拉ok(Karaoke)大賽”。內(nèi)容寫一個書面通知，歡迎大家積極參與。寫作內(nèi)容目的豐富校園生活；激發(fā)同學(xué)們的英語學(xué)習(xí)興趣；提高英語口語對象對英語歌曲有興趣的同學(xué)比賽時間12 月 28 日下午 4: 00-6: 00報名時間11月25日前報名方式比賽地點(diǎn)學(xué)校舞臺注思自備歌曲；自備服裝；可伴舞根據(jù)以上內(nèi)容可以整合為下面五句話：.你校英語科組將舉辦“英語卡拉 ok大賽”。目的：豐富校園生活；激發(fā)同學(xué)們的英語學(xué)習(xí) 興趣；提高英語口語。.比賽時間：12

32、月28日下午4: 00-6: 00。比賽地點(diǎn)：學(xué)校舞臺。.對象：對英語歌曲有興趣的同學(xué)。報名時間：11月25日前。報名方式：。.注意：自備歌曲；自備服裝；可伴舞。.歡迎大家積極參與。In order to our school life,inEnglish and, the English department w川 an “English Karaoke Contest ” . The contest on thestage of our school from to on youEnglish songs, please at toand costume, and you can invi

33、te your classmatesto dance for you. All the students are welcome to it.基礎(chǔ)寫作訓(xùn)練（一）英語五種基本句型基本句型一 :王+系+表1. Helooked unhappy at that time. 2. Myfavourite sports are swimming and skating.3. I amvery good at English.4.I was so pleased to hear from you.On the other side of the road there is a new classroom/

34、teaching building.In the library there are all kinds of books, newspapers and magazines.It is getting darker and darker.8. The food tastes delicious.The story sounds very interesting.基本句型二：主 +謂（不及物動詞）1. I studied in Guangming Primary School from 1984 to1990. 2. The time passed quickly. 3. Great chan

35、ges have taken place in our hometown these years.Its economy has developed rapidly in the past ten . He used to get up early in the morning.基本句型三：主+謂（及物）+賓Last year I won first prize in the school computer competition.In my spare time I enjoy listening to popular music and collecting stamps.We also

36、planted a lot of trees in and around the school.He lost the money on his way home.Talent Show will be held in Beijing Television Station on July 18.In the afternoon, I ll show you around and take you to some places of interest.基本句型四：主+謂（及物）+雙賓（問賓+直賓）1. Mr Wang taught us English last year.Tomorrow I

37、ll write him a letter and tell him the good news.On my 14 th birthday, Father bought me a new bike.It took me two hours to finish my homework last night.基本句型五：主 +謂（及物）+ 復(fù)合賓語 1. I saw the kids/children playing by the river at that time.We are making our country more and more beautiful.I noticed Kate

38、reading in the library all the morning.Father asked me to bring him some newspapers.基本句型翻譯綜合練習(xí)：1. The noise was so loud that I couldnt go on studying.I,m very glad to learn that you re coming in September.People need a place where they can rest and enjoy themselves.In the past, people kept in touch

39、with each other mainly by writing letters or using the public telephone.In order to improve the traffic in Beijing, the government should encourage more people to use public transport and bicycles.（三）相關(guān)句型： 1 are interested in sign upthe great honor to about the differences will be heldour knowledge

40、improve our spoken English. organize an English writing activity promote the campus culture, develop our ability in English writing.（四）In order to enrich our school life, rouse our interest in English and improve our spoken English, the English department will organize an “English Karaoke Contest ”

41、. The contest will be held on the stage of our school from 4 pm to 6 pm on December 28. If you are interested in English songs, please sign up at before November25. Remembeto prepare your own songs and costume, and you can invite your classmates to dance for you. All the students are welcome to take

42、 part in it.基礎(chǔ)寫作訓(xùn)練（一）英語五種基本句型 基本句型一 :王+系+表1. Helooked unhappy at that time. 2. Myfavourite sports are swimming and skating.3. I amvery good at English.4.I was so pleased to hear from you.On the other side of the road there is a new classroom/teaching building.In the library there are all kinds of bo

43、oks, newspapers and magazines.It is getting darker and darker.8. The food tastes delicious.The story sounds very interesting.基本句型二：主 +謂（不及物動詞）1. I studied in Guangming Primary School from 1984 to 1990. 2. The time passed quickly. 3. Great changes have taken place in our hometown these years.4. Its e

44、conomy has developed rapidly in the past ten . He used to get up early in the morning.基本句型三：主+謂（及物）+賓Last year I won first prize in the school computer competition.In my spare time I enjoy listening to popular music and collecting stamps.We also planted a lot of trees in and around the school.He lost the money on his way home.Talent Show will be held in Beijing Television Station on July 18.In the afternoon, I ll show you around and take you to some places of interest. 基本句型四：主+謂（及物）+雙賓（問賓+直賓）1. Mr Wang taught us English last year.Tomorrow I ll write him a l