2022-2023學(xué)年山西省長治市三校高考沖刺英語模擬試題含解析

1、2022-2023學(xué)年高考英語模擬試卷注意事項(xiàng)1考試結(jié)束后，請將本試卷和答題卡一并交回2答題前，請務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號用05毫米黑色墨水的簽字筆填寫在試卷及答題卡的規(guī)定位置3請認(rèn)真核對監(jiān)考員在答題卡上所粘貼的條形碼上的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號與本人是否相符4作答選擇題，必須用2B鉛筆將答題卡上對應(yīng)選項(xiàng)的方框涂滿、涂黑；如需改動(dòng)，請用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案作答非選擇題，必須用05毫米黑色墨水的簽字筆在答題卡上的指定位置作答，在其他位置作答一律無效5如需作圖，須用2B鉛筆繪、寫清楚，線條、符號等須加黑、加粗第一部分 （共20小題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分）1A myth is an accou

2、nt of the deeds of a god or supernatural beings, usually expressed in terms of _ thought.AprimaryBcapitalCinitialDprimitive2He works very hard in order to get himself _ into a key university.AacceptedBreceivedCannouncedDadmitted3 Congratulations on your promotion. Go out for dinner, OK? Good! _, jus

3、t you and me.AFollow me BMy treatCMy pleasure DAllow me4You _ read a book in the sunitll do harm to your eyesAcouldntBwouldntCneedntDmustnt5Our team has just narrowly won the game. I feel so relieved now._!ACheer upBYou betCWhat a pityDWell done6That Was the first time she alone at home during the w

4、eekends，bored to death Ahas left Bhas been left Chad left Dhad been left7A public health campaign _ the number of heart disease deaths by 80 percent over the past three decadesAhad reducedBhad been reducedChas reducedDhas been reduced8This winter, one of the largest _ snowstorms hit many areas.Areco

5、rdingBrecordedCbeing recordedDto record9Why are you so late?The driver couldnt see clearly because of the fog_, the road was too icyAThereforeBOtherwiseCHoweverDBesides10Ladies and gentlemen, on behalf of our government, Id like to _ a sincere welcome and heartfelt gratitude.Aexploit BexposeCexpand

6、Dextend11The biggest problem for most plants, which _just get up and run away when threatened, is that animals like to eat them.Ashall notBcantCneedntDmustnt12 What does the sign over there read? “No person _ smoke or carry a lighted cigarette, cigar or pipe in this area.”AwillBshallCmayDmust13_ two

7、 hours daily has made considerable difference to my physical condition.ATo walk BWalkingCWalked DHaving walked14The new machines have arrived and are being tested in the workshop.Im glad we _ them in the years ahead.Awill be operating Bhave been operatingCwould be operating Dhad been operating15Is t

8、here a hospital nearby? I hurt my ankle, and cannot move now.Its about 3 blocks away. I _ you there.Atook BtakeCwill take Dhave taken16My friend warned me _ going to the East Coast because it was crowded with tourists.AbyBagainstConDfor17-Lets walk to that village together.-_. How can we two girls d

9、o that in the dark？AI agree with you.BThats a good point.CYou must be joking！DThats not your opinion！18Mike is looking for another job because he feels that nothing he does his boss.AservesBsatisfiesCpromisesDsupports19Ever since the new park was opened to the public last month, I _ a walk in it eve

10、ry morning.Aam takingBtakeChave takenDhave been taking20_ is willing to volunteer in the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics is welcome to join us.AWhatever BWhoeverCWhenever DWherever第二部分 閱讀理解（滿分40分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。21（6分）Before you walked down the aisleif you even did-did you first agree

11、to take your partners name? had you agreed to the bank for updated credit cards, changed your email address, and updated your Facebook?I didnt; and I know plenty of women out there didnt, either. So I was pretty shocked to learn that in a recent survey, over 50 percent of U.S. citizens believe a wif

12、e should take her husbands nameand she should be required to do so by law.Author Emily Schafer, a sociology professor at Portland State University, surveyed a representative national sample of 1,200 people tar the study, which found that a larger number of American adults think there needs to actual

13、ly be a law in place to prevent women from keeping their own name.The most common reason given? The general belief is that women should prioritize（優(yōu)先）their marriage and their family ahead of themselves. To this, I admit Im a bit confused, because I dont understand how exactly riot taking your husban

14、ds last name means you arent prioritizing your marriage.Now, I didnt take my husbands name for a variety of reasons: I didnt feel like the name was mine and professionally I had built up a reputation as a writer under my maiden（未婚的）name, so I didnt want to lose that. His surname wasnt easy to spell,

15、 either; everyone gets it wrong (including my motherstilland weve been married 13 years).But most of all, I felt like in taking my husbands last name, I was losing a huge sense of self. And while yes, we are a family, I dont want his surname to define me. Im not his possession.Just like every aspect

16、 of motherhood, each woman should be respected for the choices she makeswithout having to do anything by law. And we should all be grateful to Lucy Stonethe first American woman to legally maintain her last name after marriage in 1856.Just imagine how difficult that must have been to forego traditio

17、n in that time?1、What can be learned about the tradition of taking a husbands name from the survey?AA law should be there to break the tradition.BThe majority of American adults support the tradition.CThe majority of American women go against the tradition.DThe law requires wives to take their husba

18、nds names in America.2、Why does an American woman generally take her husbands name?ATo value her marriage and family.BTo show honesty to her husband.CTo join in the family of her husband.DTo unite a new family under the same name.3、What does Paragraph 5 mainly talk about?AWhy the author didnt use he

19、r husbands name.BWhy the authors mother didnt like her husband.CHow worthy the authors own maiden name was.DHow bored the author became with her husbands name.4、What does the author think of the tradition?AIts reasonable BIt isnt worth caringCEvery coin has two sides DIts out of date and confusing.2

20、2（8分）The days of having to carry a phone charger everywhere could soon be over. Michigan researchers have revealed a major breakthrough in harvesting energy from human motion. They say it could lead to smartphones powered for a week by the motion of a swipe(重?fù)?.Michigan State Universitys low-cost de

21、vice, known as a nanogenerator, has already been tested. Scientists successfully operated an LCD touch screen, a bank of 20 LED lights and a flexible keyboard, all with a simple touching or pressing motion and without the aid of a battery. The groundbreaking findings, published in the journal Nano E

22、nergy, suggest “Were on the path toward wearable devices powered by human motion,” said Nelson Sepulveda, associate professor of electrical and computer engineering and lead researcher of the project.“What I foresee, relatively soon, is the capability of not having to charge your cell phone for an e

23、ntire week, for example, because that energy will be produced by your movement,” said Sepulveda, whose research is funded by the National Science Foundation.Electrical energy is created when the device is compressed by human motion. The completed device is as thin as a sheet of paper. The device use

24、d to power the LED lights was palm-sized, while the device used to power the touch screen was as small as a finger. Advantages such as being lightweight, flexible and low-cost could make it a promising and alternative method in the field of Mechanical-energy harvesting.The device also becomes more p

25、owerful when folded. Sepulveda said, “You can start with a large device, but when you fold it once, and again, and again, its much smaller and has more energy. Now it may be small enough to put in a specially made heel of your shoe so it creates power each time your heel strikes the ground.”Sepulved

26、a and his team are also developing technology that would transmit the power generated by the heel strike to, say, a wireless headset.1、Who is Nelson Sepulveda?AThe major researcher in the project. BA professor of engineering.CThe fund supplier of the research. DA journalist writing for Nano Energy.2

27、、The underlined word device in the 2nd paragraph is closest in meaning to _.Akeyboard Bsmartphone Cscreen Dmachine3、From the passage we know that the nanogenerator _.Abecomes more powerful when kept flatBhas already come into market in the USACis lightweight and flexible though expensiveDmakes it po

28、ssible to produce power by walking4、The purpose of the passage is to _.Apersuade people to buy the device Bbring in a new way to save energyCintroduce a breakthrough in science Dhonor Nelson Sepulveda for his contributions23（8分） For centuries, people have tried to invent a perfect universal written

29、language and Chinese has actually been considered before. Francis Bacon used to assume that a language like Chinese and its writing system would have qualified. Chinese doesnt use an alphabet based on sounds, but symbols indicating meaning.Chinese character has its special relationship between the s

30、ign and what it symbolized. Each character represents a word or a concept and you pile them up together like Lego bricks, childrens plastic building toys, to build more words. Some of them also look like what they represent. For example, a mountain may look just like a mountain with a peak in the mi

31、ddle. And fire resembles some blazing (燃燒的) logs. When you put them together and you get volcano. Isnt that amazing?While some of them look like what they represent, most of them really dont. In fact, some of them are incredibly complicated. For instance, “Biang” is the name of a kind of noodle, whi

32、ch has 57 strokes (筆畫). It is very hard for people to pronounce or recognize this character, let alone writing it out correctly. Chinese is so complicated that since the 1950s, a simplified system of characters has been used in mainland China. But there is a problem. Chinese characters often represe

33、nt whole works, and there are a lot of them. In the Chinese dictionary there are around sixty four thousand characters.So Chinese characters might not become a universal writing system soon. The trouble is not just inventing one, but getting people to use it. It wouldnt be easy for the whole world t

34、o agree on the same set of meanings. After all, language needs a cultural context. You cannot really just use a universal language as you like.1、What can we learn from Francis Bacon?AHe believed that Chinese writing system was perfect.BHe managed to invent a universal written language.CHe recommende

35、d Chinese to use alphabets based on sounds.DHe thought written Chinese language could be used globally.2、How does the author explain the characteristic of Chinese character?ABy analyzing structures of toys.BBy comparing concepts.CBy giving examples.DBy collecting data.3、Why do Chinese people use a s

36、implified system of Chinese characters?AIt is hard to pronounce Chinese characters.BIt is difficult to recognize or write Chinese characters.CIt is fashionable to use simplified Chinese characters.DIt is complicated to look up Chinese characters in the dictionaries.4、What is the passage mainly about

37、?AHow to write simplified Chinese characters.BWhy people need a universal written language.CChinese is a perfect universal written language.DWhether Chinese are suitable to be a world language.24（8分） Exercise seems to be good for the human brain, with many recent studies suggesting that regular exer

38、cise improves memory and thinking skills. But an interesting new study asks whether the apparent cognitive benefits from exercise are real or just a placebo effect that is, if we think we will be “smarter” after exercise, do our brains respond accordingly? The answer has significant implications for

39、 any of us hoping to use exercise to keep our minds sharp throughout our lives.While many studies suggest that exercise may have cognitive benefits, recently some scientists have begun to question whether the apparently beneficial effects of exercise on thinking might be a placebo effect. So researc

40、hers at Florida State University in Tallahassee and the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign decided to focus on expectations, on what people anticipate that exercise will do for thinking. If peoples expectations jibe (吻合) closely with the actual benefits, then at least some of those improveme

41、nts are probably a result of the placebo effect and not of exercise.For the new study, which was published last month in PLOS One, the researchers recruited 171 people through an online survey system, they asked half of these volunteers to estimate by how much a stretching and toning regimens (拉伸運(yùn)動(dòng))

42、 performed three times a week might improve various measures of thinking. The other volunteers were asked the same questions, but about a regular walking program.In actual experiments, stretching and toning program generally have little if any impact on peoples cognitive skills. Walking, on the othe

43、r hand, seems to substantially improve thinking ability.But the survey respondents believed the opposite, estimating that the stretching and toning program would be more beneficial for the mind than walking. The estimates of benefits from walking were lower.These data, while they do not involve any

44、actual exercise, are good news for people who do exercise. “The results from our study suggest that the benefits of aerobic exercise are not a placebo effect,” said Cary Stothart, a graduate student in cognitive psychology at Florida State University, who led the study.If expectations had been drivi

45、ng the improvements in cognition seen in studies after exercise, Mr. Stothart said, then people should have expected walking to be more beneficial for thinking than stretching. They didnt, implying that the changes in the brain and thinking after exercise are physiologically genuine.The findings are

46、 strong enough to suggest that exercise really does change the brain and may, in the process, improve thinking, Mr. Stothart said. That conclusion should encourage scientists to look even more closely into how, at a molecular level, exercise remodels the human brain, he said. It also should encourag

47、e the rest of us to move, since the benefits are, it seems, not imaginary, even if they are in our head.1、Which of the following about the placebo effect is TRUE according to the passage?AIt occurs during exercise.BIt has cognitive benefits.CIt is just a mental reaction.DIt is a physiological respon

48、se.2、Why did the researchers at the two universities conduct the research?ATo discover the placebo effect in the exercise.BTo prove the previous studies have a big drawback.CTo test whether exercise can really improve cognition.DTo encourage more scientists to get involved in the research.3、What can

49、 we know about the research Cary Stothart and his team carried out?AThey employed 171 people to take part in the actual exercise.BThe result of the research removed the recent doubt of some scientists.CThe participants thought walking had a greater impact on thinking ability.DTheir conclusion drives

50、 scientists to do research on the placebo effect.4、What might be the best title for the passage?AIs it necessary for us to take exercise?BHow should people exercise properly?CWhat makes us smarter during exercise?DDoes exercise really make us smarter?25（10分） Kang Sung-il buys Sancho, his Pomeranian,

51、 a toy every business trip and this lunar New Year holiday will dress him up in s new $50 suit to visit grandma, Kangs mother. Kang and his wife say children are too expensive and bring too much pressure. Instead they have chosen to shower Sancho with love and gifts.They are not alone. South Koreas

52、pet industry is booming, fuelled by the same factors that have made the countrys birth rate, at 1.05 births per woman, the lowest in the world: the high cost of education and housing as well as extremely long working days.“Social pressures in South Korea are such that parents are required to provide

53、r resources for decades from private schooling to art classes,” said Kang a 39 year old manager of a pet funeral home.On top of education expenses, an average an household must budget roughly 12.8 years ofincome to buy a mid-range home, compared to 8.8 years in 2014, data from KB Kookmin Bank shows.

54、 Adding to their stress, south Koreans work the third most hours per year among OECD (經(jīng)合組織) nations, next only to Mexico and costa Rica.Pet-owning households have rose to 28 percent of all South Korean households in 2018, compared with 18 percent in 2012, government data shows.That in turn has resul

55、ted in a prosperous pet care industry whose offerings include tailored pet diets and high-priced photo shoots. Pet-related startup s are also popular with venture capitalists. The south Korean pet-related industry was worth 2.7 trillion won ($2.4 billion) last year, and that could more than double i

56、n size by 2027, according to the Korean Rural Economic Institute.1、What do the underlined words “his Pomeranian” in paragraph I refer to?AHis son.BHis pet.CA toy.DSanchos brother.2、What may NOT be the result of expensive education and houses along with long working hours?AThe birth rate in South Kor

57、ean is the lowest in the world.B28 percent of the South Korean families raised pets in 2018.CThere are more pet-related businesses than before.DParents send their children to private schools.3、Which of the following may be the service offered in a pet-related industry?ATraining the pet to be a tailo

58、r.BShowering the pet with gifts.CTaking pictures for customers pets.DShooting the pet with a false gun.4、According to the passage, many people think that giving birth to a babyACosts too muchBIs a mustCIs boringDBrings happiness第三部分 語言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處

59、的最佳選項(xiàng)26（30分）My mother was a giver. The occasion never 1 Christmas, birthdays, anniversaries or no occasion at all.She was always thinking about who might 2 what. Creativity and 3 went into the gifts she gave, and she 4 a thank you note. Once she sent out a note to her own children and grandchildren

60、who had not acknowledged gifts, 5 that they were now on her “Fecal Roster(黑名單)” and would not be removed 6 she had received a proper thank you.Even if you didnt 7 a thank you, shed give you another gift the next 8 she had. She figured 9 manners were your problem, not hers.Every time Mom and Dad 10 t