2023屆東北三省三校哈爾濱師大附中高三第二次調(diào)研英語試卷含解析

1、2023屆高考英語模擬試卷注意事項(xiàng)1考試結(jié)束后，請(qǐng)將本試卷和答題卡一并交回2答題前，請(qǐng)務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)用05毫米黑色墨水的簽字筆填寫在試卷及答題卡的規(guī)定位置3請(qǐng)認(rèn)真核對(duì)監(jiān)考員在答題卡上所粘貼的條形碼上的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)與本人是否相符4作答選擇題，必須用2B鉛筆將答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)選項(xiàng)的方框涂滿、涂黑；如需改動(dòng)，請(qǐng)用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案作答非選擇題，必須用05毫米黑色墨水的簽字筆在答題卡上的指定位置作答，在其他位置作答一律無效5如需作圖，須用2B鉛筆繪、寫清楚，線條、符號(hào)等須加黑、加粗第一部分 （共20小題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分）1語音知識(shí)(共5小題；每小題l分，滿分5分) 從A

2、、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，找出其劃線部分與所給單詞的劃線部分讀音相同的選項(xiàng)。并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。2Country people dont pretend to have these ridiculous manners which are necessary _ we call polite societyAwhatBin whatCwhichDin which3The bus dropped me off and pulled away _I realized I had left my bag on it.Awhile BbeforeCafter Dsince4Youll recogni

3、ze me when you get out of the station. I_ jeans and a white T-shirt.Awill be wearing Bhad wornCwas wearing Dhave worn5Dont leave matches or cigarettes on the table within _ of children.AstretchBexpandCreachDextend6He liked the lovely dog so much that he _ his book and played with it immediately.Agav

4、e offBset asideCtook overDturned down7If you ever arent sure whether you have bought the very best smartphone, just _ “good enough.”Amake for Bsettle forCanswer for Daccount for8He worked in a car factory for four years, _ he founded his own company in his hometown.Aafter whichBafter whenCafter that

5、Dafter it9Historic sites impress writers with their amazing beauty, which are a great source of _.Ainspiration Bcomposition Coccupation Dcombination10Did Linda see the traffic accident?No, no sooner _ than it happened.Ahad she goneBshe had goneChas she goneDshe has gone11-I feel nervous when taking

6、an exam.- and you can do it well.ATake it w easy BTake your time CGood luck DIts up to you12Bill was doing a lot of physical exercise to build up his .AabilityBforceCmindDstrength13 Can you do me a favour, Mr. Smith? My car _ start. No problem. You can count on it.Awont BmustntCneednt Dshouldnt14Wor

7、ld AIDS Day is also important in reminding us that HIV has not gone away, and there are many things still to be done.AwhichBwhatCthatD/15It seems late to say anything. We probably _ it if we had made an offer sooner.Awould have gotBwould getChad gotDgot16I certainly expect to be elected best student

8、 of the year. Its really _!Aa good Samaritan Ba wet blanketCa feather in my cap Da piece of cake17Mr. Chapman retired at 70 after he nearly 40 years with the Gas CompanyAhad spentBhas spentCspendsDwould spend18The reign of the next Japanese emperor will be known as “Reiwa” (令和) era, in _ name the ch

9、aracter for “harmony” is included.AwhichBwhatCwhoseDas19What do you think of your preparations for the final exams?Not so good. Actually I feel like _ for Ive made little progress in Maths.ADaniel in the lions denBAchilles heelCa good SamaritanDa sacred cow20Ouch, mum! A fish bone has stuck in my te

10、eth!_, Lucy. I am coming.A Take your time B Help yourselfC Dont bother D Take it easy第二部分 閱讀理解（滿分40分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。21（6分）I was delighted to receive a copy of Marie Curie and her Daughters by Shelley Emling through my letter-box a few weeks ago.Actually science has never really bee

11、n my “thing”. At school I really struggled with physics and chemistry and was much happier in English Language or History classes. My mind is not structured enough to understand how science works, Im a bit of a daydreamer and prefer using my imagination rather than learning facts, figures and formul

12、ae(公式). Of course I knew who Marie Curie was, her great achievements, her contribution to science, to medical advances and influence on the world, but other than that, I really had very little idea about her life.Shelley Emling has based this book on Marie Curies relationship with her two daughters,

13、 Irene and Eve. The book begins after the early death of Pierre Curie, when Marie is left to carry on the work that they started as a couple and to bring up her two small daughters alone. Emling has concentrated her book on the communication between Marie and her daughters. She was not an overly-pro

14、tective mother, nor did she hesitate to spend time away from her daughters, yet this did not weaken their relationship. Marie was a caring and loving mother, who encouraged her daughters to become individuals, to achieve what they wanted to.Marie Curie and her husband made the decision not to profit

15、 from their discoveries. It was because of this that Marie had to depend on donations to carry out her work, and that she had to carry out tours of the States.I was very impressed by Emlings writing style she has told the story of three extraordinary women who were way ahead of their time in an inte

16、resting and very readable manner.1、What is the writer good at?APhysics and chemistry.BFacts, figures and formulae.CEnglish and History.DDaydreaming.2、What is Marie Curie like in the eyes of Irene and Eve?AShe makes a pet of them like babies.BShe avoids staying away from them.CShe encourages them to

17、build their own characters.DShe wants to be involved in every area of their life.3、Why did Marie Curie tour the States?ABecause she meant to make herself a famous person.BBecause she wished to introduce the medical advances to people in the U. S. ACBecause she needed money to bring up her two small

18、daughters by herself.DBecause she decided to continue her work without money made from discoveries.4、The book written by Shelley Emling focuses on _.Athe connection between Marie Curie and her daughtersBthe contributions Marie Curie made to the worldCthe research work of Marie Curie and her husbandD

19、the decision made by Marie Curie and her husband22（8分）As a boy, Charles Robert Darwin(達(dá)爾文）collected anything that caught his interest: insects, coins and interesting stones. He was not very clever, but Darwin was good at doing the things that interested him.His father was a doctor, so Darwin was sen

20、t to Edinburgh to study medicine, and was planned to follow a medical career. But Charles found the lectures boring. Then his father sent him to Cambridge University to study to be a priest. While at Cambridge, Darwins interest in zoology and geography grew. Later he got a letter from Robert FitzRoy

21、 who was planning to make a voyage around the world on a ship, the Beagle. He wanted a naturalist to join the ship, and Darwin was recommended（推薦) That voyage was the start of Darwins great life.As the Beagle sailed around the world, Darwin began to wonder how life had developed on earth. He began t

22、o observe everything. After he was home, he set to work, getting his collection in order. His first great work The Zoology of the Beagle was well received, but he was slow to make public his ideas on the origin of life.Later Darwin and Wallace, another naturalist who had the same opinions as Darwin,

23、 produced a paper together. Darwins great book “On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection（物種起源）appeared It attracted a storm. People thought that Darwin was saying they were descended from monkeys. What a shameful idea! Although most scientists agreed that Darwin was right, the Church w

24、as still so strong that Darwin never received any honors for his work.Afterwards, he published another great work, The Descent of Man. His health grew worse, but he still worked. When I have to give up observation, I shall die, he said. He was still working on 17, April, 1882. He was dead two days l

25、ater.1、Darwins father sent him to Edinburgh to .Amake him like natural history Bmake him become a doctorClet him change his hobbies Dhave him give up his collection2、According to the passage； Charles Darwins whole life was changed by .Ahis study at Cambridge University Bhis collection of coinsCthe n

26、aturalists at Cambridge Dthe voyage of the Beagle3、The underlined part “they were descended from monkeys probably means “ ” .Athey gave monkeys life Bthey were different from monkeysCthey were developed from monkeys Dthey had to live with monkey23（8分）If you want to slow aging, you might want to eat

27、less. This finding is good news-if you were a mouse. The researchers studied mice, not people.John Price and other researchers studied two groups of mice. One group was able to eat as much as it wanted. The researchers limited what the mice in the other group ate. Their diet had 35 percent fewer cal

28、ories than the first group of mice.Price says the mice with the diet restrictions were more energetic and suffered fewer disease. They were not just living longer but seemed to stay younger for a longer period of time.The researchers found that fewer calories slow down a natural mechanism in cells c

29、alled ribosomes. Price explains that ribosomes are responsible for making important proteins in the cells. But with fewer calories, they slow down. This gives the cells more time to repair themselves.The researchers say ribosomes use from 10 to 20 percent of the cells energy to make those proteins.

30、Price wrote that because of this, it is impractical to destroy an entire ribosome when it starts to break down. However, repairing individual parts of the ribosome on a regular basis enables ribosomes to continue producing high quality proteins for longer than they would otherwise. This top quality

31、production, in turn, keeps cells and the entire body functioning well.Price said, ribosome is a very complex machine, like a car. They need maintenance to replace the parts that wear out the fastest. When tires wear out, he explained, you dont throw the whole car away and buy a new one. It costs les

32、s to replace the old tires.Food, he said, isnt just material to be burned-its a signal that tells our body and cells how to respond. Price said the findings help to explain how exactly our bodies age. And this may help us make more educated decisions about what we eat.1、What can we know about the mi

33、ce with limited calories from the study?AThey can keep healthy easilyBThey need more energy to be activeCThey can look younger than they areDThey will live a longer life like humans2、What will happen to ribosomes if there are fewer calories?AThey will completely break downBThey make proteins in the

34、cells slowlyCThey will produce high quality proteins moreDThey may need more time to repair themselves3、Price explained the ribosomes role of repairing themselves by _.Atelling a story Blisting basic dataCmaking comparisons Dexperimenting on mice4、What does the text mainly deal with?AFood decides ho

35、w long you liveBCan you slow down your aging process?CEating less may help you live longerDShould your diet be reduced for your health?24（8分）Do you listen to the songs that your parents like? Chance are that you dont. You probably think the music that they like is old and dull and that the Songs on

36、your playlist are much cooler.But here is what scientists found recently: peoples music tastes change as they age, according to a study published in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. So its likely that your own musical preference will follow a similar path to your parents whether you

37、 like it or not.We used to think that culture and personality arc the only factors that affect ones music choice. But researchers at the University of Cambridge, UK, gathered data from more than 250,000 people over the past 10 years. They noticed that as people age, their social circumstances change

38、, and so does their music taste.There are three musical periods that people pass through as they mature-intense”, “contemporary” and “sophisticated”.The first period comes in the teenagers years, during which time people like intense music such as punk and rock because teenagers tend to be aggressiv

39、e and want to establish their identity as independent individuals.But as people move into early adulthood, their lifestyle changesthey socialize more and want to build close relationships with others. As a result, they become more fond of contemporary music, such as pop and R&B, which is usually upl

40、ifting and danceable and played at parties where people hang out together and chat.When middle age comes, things have settled down for most people. This period will be dominated (支配) by more “sophisticated” music, such as jazz and classical, as well as more catchy music like country, folk, and blues

41、.“For many, this life stage is frequently exhausted by work and family, and there is a requirement for relaxing, emotive (動(dòng)情的) music,” Jason Rentfrow, a researcher member, told The telegraph.But you must be thinking: “Arent there old people who are still into rock music?” Of course there are. But Re

42、ntfrow explained that their reasons for listening to rock music may have changed. “We use music for different reasons,” he said, and thus at that age people may listen to remind themselves of their youths.1、Why do children usually like different songs from their parents according to the passage?AChi

43、ldren prefer cool music.BMusic taste changes with age.Cparents songs are always dull.DParents have better social circumstances.2、The underlined word “catchy” in Paragraph 7 probably means _.Atouching and easily remembered Bawkward and easily capturedCelegant but difficult to understand Dflexible and

44、 difficult to catch3、Middle age is a period when people _.Ahave an aggressive goal Blike Pop and R&BCdesire close connections with others Dlead a stressful life4、What can we infer from the last paragraph?AOld people dont like rock music. BMusic can serve as a reminder.CRock music makes old people yo

45、unger. DListening to rock music needs reasons.5、Whats the main idea of the passage?AWhy do people like music?BHow can you improve your music talent?CWhat influences peopled music taste?DWhy do different people like different music?25（10分） Babies have an astonishing talent that adults entirely lose.

46、By the age of one, they can recognise the significant noises around them and group them into a language. When we have lost this capacity as adults, it becomes enormously difficult to distinguish between sounds that are glaringly different to a native speaker. It all sounds Greek to us. This is becau

47、se the range of possible sounds that humans use to convey meaning may be as high as 2,000, but few languages use more than 100 and even then the significant noisesthe phonemes (音素) of a languageeach cover a range of sounds and so vague distinctions which would change the meaning of a word in other l

48、anguages.But where do these phonemes come from and why do they shift over time? New research suggests that the apparently arbitrary distribution of some sounds around the world may be partially explained by diet. This is unexpected. Wed rather think of language as product of our thought, rather than

49、 of the arrangement of our teeth. In reality, though, any given language must be both.Hunter gatherer languages very seldom use the sounds known as labiodentals (唇齒音)those such as f and vthat are made by touching the lower lip with the upper teeth. Only two of the hundreds of Australian aboriginal l

50、anguages use them, for example. But in cultures that have discovered farming, these consonants (輔音) are much more common. The argument goes that farmers eat more cooked food and more dairy than hunter gatherers. Either way, they need to chew mush less, and to bite less with their front teeth. So far

51、mers grew up with smaller lower jaws and more of an overbite than their ancestors who had to bite through harder foods. It became easier for them to make the labiodental consonants instead of purely labial (唇音) ones: one example is that f come to take the place of p. Romans said “pater” but English

52、speakers (unless theyre ReesMoggs) say “father”.Beyond these particular changes, the story highlights the way in which everything distinctively human is both material and spiritual: speech must combine sound and meaning, and the meaning can t exist or be transmitted without a real object. But neithe

53、r can it be reduced to the purely physical, as our inability to understand or even to recognise foreign languages makes clear. The food we eat shapes our jaws, and our jaws in turn shape the sounds of our language. The ease with which we eat probably shapes our thought too, as anyone who has suffere

54、d toothache could testify. What we eat may have shaped the sounds of our language, but how we eat changes how we feel and what we use language to express. A family meal is very different from a sandwich at the office desk, even if the calorie is the same. Food has purposes and meanings far beyond ke

55、eping us alive and pleasing the Palate (味覺).1、Compared with adults, babies could more easily .Acreate significant noisesBclassify the forms of noisesCunderstand the Greek languageDdistinguish meaningful sounds2、According to the passage, which of the following factors help shape language?ALips and te

56、eth.BJobs and habits.CAge and regions.DFood and thinking.3、The reason for farmers making sounds of “f” and “v” is .Aenjoying more cooked foodsBbiting more with front teethCconstantly chewing harder foodsDgrowing up with lager lower jaws4、By writing this passage, the author intends to reveal .Ajaws h

57、elp shape our thoughtBfood determines our thoughtCdiet has some influence on languageDlanguage consists of sound and meaning第三部分 語言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)26（30分）I met Jane Black in university, and soon we became friendsThe first time I went to her home

58、I found her family quite different from my ownIn my family, it was always important to place 1 when anything bad happened Who did this? my mother would scream about a dirty kitchen This is all your 2 , Katharine, my father would insist when the cat got out or the dishwasher 3 From the time we were l

59、ittle, my sister, brothers and I told on each otherWe set a place for blame at the dinner table 4 ,the Whites didnt worry about who had done whatThey picked up the pieces and 5 with their livesThe beauty of this was driven home to me the summer Jane diedIn July, the White sisters and I decided to ta

60、ke a car 6 from their home in Florida to New YorkThe two older sisters, Sarah and Jane, were college students, and the youngest, Amy, had recently 7 sixteenProud of having a new driver s license, Amy was excited about practicing her driving on the tripShe 8 her license to everyone she metThe big sis