領導力與溝通課件

1、LEADERSHIP and COMMUNICATION領導力與溝通PRESENTER 主講人Professor J. N. Matteis 朱利斯.尼克.馬特斯(Ma Li Ke )1WHAT IS LEADERSHIP?什么是領導力NARROW VIEW 狹義：A POSITION OF POWER AND AUTHORITY 一個具有權力與權威的職銜THE ACTIONS OF A PERSON IN CHARGE OF A COMPANY一個人管理公司的行動BROADER VIEW 廣義LEADERSHIP IS A PROCESS OF INFLUENCING OTHERS領導的過程

2、，就是一個影響他人的過程GETTING RESULTS THROUGH PEOPLE取得結果POSITIVE INFLUENCE 積極的影響AN INVITATION TO GREATNESS THAT WE EXTEND TO OTHERS 走向偉大NOT A TITLE OR POSITION, BUT A ROLE WE PLAY 不是一個頭銜或位置, 而是扮演一個角色 2INFLUENCING OTHERS影響他人How you choose to influence others will shape how you approach Planning, Organizing, Le

3、ading and Controlling. 你影響他人的方式會影響你如何計劃、組織、領導和控制Do you want to create fear or trust? 你希望創(chuàng)造恐懼還是信任？Leadership Styles: 領導風格 Autocratic, Consultative, Participative, Democratic, Free-Reign, Transformational, Situational 獨裁式、咨詢式、參與式、民主式、放任自由式、變革式、情境式34WHO ARE LEADERS 誰是領導者People call individuals “l(fā)eaders

4、” when they exhibit such traits as 展現(xiàn)以下特質的人被稱為“領導者”O(jiān)utgoing Personality 外向的個性Strong Verbal Skills 很強的表達能力Intelligence 有智慧Aggressiveness 上進Understanding 體諒他人Industriousness 勤奮High People Behavior 高度的人際技能High Task Behavior 高度的處事能力5FUNDAMENTALS OF LEADERSHIP領導力的本質1. POWER 權 利2. UNDERSTANDING PEOPLE 了解他

5、人3. INSPIRING FOLLOWERS 鼓舞追隨者4. ADOPTING A FLEXIBLE STYLE 采取靈活的風格6EFFECTIVE LEADERSHIP 1高效領導 1DEVELOPING YOURSELF 開發(fā)自己BECOME MORE SENSITIVE 更加敏感BECOME MORE CREATIVE 更有創(chuàng)造性REDUCE TIME WASTERS THROUGH DELEGATION 通過授權，減少浪費時間DEVELOP ORGANIZATIONAL SKILLS 開發(fā)組織技能DEVELOP COMMUNICATION SKILLS 發(fā) 展溝通技能 LEARN M

6、ORE, READ MORE, LISTEN MORE 更多地學習、閱讀與聆聽7EFFECTIVE LEADERSHIP 2高效領導 2DEVELOP YOUR SUBORDINATES 開發(fā)你的下屬AT WORK 工作中THROUGH COURSES, WORKSHOPS 通過課程，研討會 AT HOME 家 里 8ELEMENTS OF LEADERSHIP領導元素1. TAKING CHARGE 擔負責任2. STRATEGIC VISIONING 戰(zhàn)略遠見3. COMMUNICATION AND TEAMWORK 溝通和團隊協(xié)作4. WORKING WITH INTEGRITY 誠信工

7、作9TO LEAD IS TO SERVE領導就是服務1011SERVANT LEADER 仆人式的領導者Change in attitude and behavior 態(tài)度與行為的改變A form of service to other people 服務他人的一種方式Care for others, help, protect, guide them to success 關心他人， 幫助、保護和指引他人成功Treats others with respect, dignity, honesty and trust 以尊重、敬重、誠實和信任的方式對待他人Becomes a humble r

8、ole model, behaving honorably 成為謙卑的典范，行為光明正大Recognizes needs/talents and is generous in praise 辨識需要/才華，慷慨地表揚12COMMON ELEMENTS OF LEADERS領導人的共同要素THEY CARE. THEYRE INTERESTED. 他們關心人， 對他人感興趣THEY WANT TO HELP. 他們愿意幫助他人THEY FEEL RESPONSIBLE. 他們有責任感THEY COLLABORATE WITH OTHERS.他們與他人共同工作THEY INFLUENCE AND

9、GUIDE OTHERS. 他們影響和指導別人THEY LEAD THROUGH RELATIONSHIPS. 他們善用人際關系進行領導THEY GET OTHERS TO COOPERATE他們贏得別人的合作THEY WANT TO MAKE A DIFFERENCE.他們尋求改變13YOU DONT NEED A TITLE TO BE A LEADER (M. Sanborn)作為領導你不需要頭銜THE UNTITLED LEADERS 無職銜領袖LEADERSHIP WITH A SMALL “l(fā)” 非正式領袖CLERKS, ACCOUNTANTS, MANAGERS, SALESPE

10、OPLE, ASSISTANTS, ETC. 文員、會計、經理、營銷員、助理等SMALL THINGS WE CAN DO TO POSITIVELY 以積極的態(tài)度做好小事情ANYONE, ANYWHERE, EVERY DAY, CAN MAKE A DIFFERENCE 任何人、任何地點、每一天都可以創(chuàng)造不同14LEADERSHIP FOR EVERYONE (Peter J. Dean)做每個人的領導（彼得j.院長）Many organizational structures are lean. 許多組織結構是有精簡的。 Businesses need self-directed, re

11、sponsible workers who are willing to take charge, express insights, come up with creative ideas, share positive intentions 企業(yè)需要自我導向、有責任的工人，他們愿意負責，表達見解，產生有創(chuàng)意的想法，分享積極意向 Anyone can be an influencer, a role model, a mentor regardless of title or position. 不論頭銜或位置，任何人都可以成為有影響力的人，一個好榜樣，一個導師Every interacti

12、on with others is an opportunity 與他人的每一次互動都是一個機會15HOW CAN YOU PLAY LEADERSHIP ROLES IN YOUR COMPANY?在你的公司里如何承擔領導的角色？6WHAT MANAGERS DO經理人做什么TRADITIONAL VIEW (P. O. L. C.) 傳統(tǒng)觀點COMMUNICATE 溝通PUT OUT FIRES 救火災GET THE JOB DONE 完成工作MANAGE HUMAN RESOURCES 人力資源管理MANAGE THE DETAILS 管理細節(jié)NETWORK 交往， 人際互

13、動ACT AS MANAGER-COACHES 做經理-教練17WHAT LEADERS DO領導做什么KNOW TRENDS (VISIONARY) 知道趨勢（有遠見） MAKE STRATEGIC DECISIONS 做戰(zhàn)略決策BEHAVE ETHICALLY 舉止合乎道德DEMONSTRATE DIPLOMACY / TACT 展現(xiàn)外交/機智GET 360 DEGREE FEEDBACK獲得360度反饋ASSUME RESPONSIBILITY (Task, People, Co.)承擔責任（任務、員工、公司） LEAD THROUGH RELATIONSHIPS 通過關系領導PAY C

14、LOSE ATTENTION TO THEIR PEOPLE密切關注他們的員工INFLUENCE OTHERS TO FOLLOW 影響他人，使他人追隨GUIDE OTHERS TO SUCCESS 引導別人成功18LEADERSHIP ROLES 領導者的角色The Leader as Visionary 領導者有遠見The Leader as Problem Solver 領導人是問題解決者The Leader as Team Builder 領導是團隊建設者The Leader as Manager 領導者是經理人The Leader as Communicator 領導人是溝通者The

15、 Leaders as Power Distributor 領導人是有力的分銷商The Leader as Liaison 領導者是聯(lián)絡人The Leader as Planner 領導者是規(guī)劃師The Leader as Teacher or Coach 領導者是教師或教練 19TRUE COLORS 真實色彩FOUR COLORS: GOLD, BLUE, GREEN, ORANGE 四種顏色：金色、藍色、綠色、橙色EACH COLOR REPRESENTS A DIFFERENT PERSONALITY TYPE 每一種顏色代表不同的個性類型EVERYONE HAS A BLEND OF

16、 THE 4 COLORS 每個人的個性是四種個性色彩的不同組合ONE COLOR IS USUALLY STRONGER 通常一種色彩的個性會更強烈WE CAN CHOOSE WHICH COLOR TO PLAY TO FIT THE SITUATION 我們可以使用不同的個性色彩應對不同的情景EVERY COLOR IS UNIQUE AND DESERVES OUR RESPECT 每一種個性色彩都是獨特的，并值得被尊重202122COMMUNICATION AT WORK工作中的溝通1. TO CONTROL BEHAVIOR (Rules, Procedures, Structur

17、es) 控制行為（制度、程序、架構）2. TO MOTIVATE (Objectives, Feedback, Gap) 激勵（目標、反饋、差距）3. TO EXPRESS FEELINGS (Socializing, showing frustrations and work satisfaction) 表達情感（社交、表達沮喪和對工作的滿意程度）4. TO SHARE INFORMATION (Share data to make decisions) 分享信息（分享數(shù)據(jù)以便做決策）2324COMMUNICATION MODEL通訊模型MESSAGE, ENCODED 信息編碼SENDER

18、 - RECEIVER 發(fā)送者-接受者FILTERS, DECODED 過濾器，解碼NOISE BARRIERS- INTERFERENCE 噪音-障礙-干擾FEEDBACK (FEED-FORWARD) 反饋-（前饋） EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION 有效溝通25DISTORTIONS 失真Language barriers 語言障礙Listening is difficult 聆聽是有難度的Our minds race ahead 思想快于語言We get distracted easily 容易分心Words have different meanings to peop

19、le 不同的人對詞義的理解不一樣Perceptions differ 見解不同Cultural differences 文化差異Age, Status, Personality, Time of Day, etc. 年齡、地位、個性、每天不同的時間段，等2627CULTURAL DIFFERENCES文化差異Sharing Good News and Bad News 分享好消息和壞消息Making Eye Contact 眼神接觸Heavy Accent when speaking 說話時的口音Direct or Indirect speech 直接或間接的表達方式Polite “Yes”

20、禮貌式的“是”Power Distance 權力距離Show of Emotions (Smile, Poker Face) 情緒的表露（微笑、偽裝）Gender Difference in talking （談話時的性別差異）28CHANNELS 渠道ORAL COMMUNICATION 口頭溝通WRITTEN MESSAGES 書面信息VIDEO 視頻INTERNET INTRANET 互聯(lián)網內部網OFFICIAL CHANNELS 官方渠道THE GRAPE VINE 小道消息29NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION 非語言溝通Facial Expressions 面部表情G

21、estures with hands and arms 手勢Distance from speaker 與說話者的距離Eye Contact 眼神的交流Sitting or standing position (Posture) 坐姿或站姿Finger Pointing 用手指點的方式30REDUCING MISCOMMUNICATION減少誤會1. Use the K.I.S.S. method 使用KISS方法2. Ask what the worker will do. 問下屬要做什么3. Get more Feedback 獲得更多的反饋4. Put it in writing. 寫下

22、來5. Be There 100% (Pay Attention) 全心全意6. Bring wandering mind back (Focus) 集中注意力7. Avoid distracting behavior 避免分神的行為8. Listen between the lines 理解字里行間的含義31TAKING CHARGE OF YOUR COMMUNICATION為溝通負責 Think about what to say. 考慮要說的話Think about the impact you will have. 考慮你會帶來的影響Speak clearly and in simp

23、le terms. 清晰、簡潔地說話Be willing to listen to opinions of others. 愿意聆聽他人的意見Choose the right time and right place. 選擇合適的時間與地點Collect all facts before drawing a conclusion. 下定論前收集足夠的事實Assume responsibility for understanding 為理解承擔責任32MOST DESIRABLE CHARACTERISTICS OF LEADERS 最可取的領袖特性Honest 誠實Competent 有能力F

24、orward-looking 前瞻性Inspiring 鼓舞人心Intelligent 智慧Fair-minded 公正Broad-minded 寬闊的胸襟Supportive 支持Straightforward 直截了當Dependable 可靠 Cooperative 合作Determined 堅決Imaginative 想象力Ambitious 雄心勃勃Courageous 勇敢Caring 愛心Mature 成熟Loyal 忠誠Self-controlled 自我控制Independent獨立33EARLY FINDINGS 早期研究發(fā)現(xiàn)AUTOCRATIC STYLE IMPACT

25、專制作風的影響GREATER ABSENTEEISM 曠工較多GREATER TURNOVER 更高的離職率MORE GRIEVENCES 更多痛苦NOT HIGHLY PRODUCTIVE 生產力不高UNHAPPY WORKERS 工人不開心SUPPORTIVE STYLE IMPACT 支持型領導風格的影響34MANAGERIAL/LEADERSHIP GRID管理/領導坐標35THE GRID 坐標圖STYLES風格1.1 IMPOVERISHED MANAGEMENT 糟糕的管理1.9 COUNTRY CLUB MANAGEMENT 鄉(xiāng)村俱樂部管理5.5 MIDDLE OF THE R

26、OAD MANAGEMENT 中間路線管理9.1 TASK-ORIENTED (Authority Obedience) 以任務為導向（服從權威）9.9 TEAM MANAGEMENT (Balanced Approach) 團隊管理（平衡方式） 36CONTINGENCIES37SITUATIONAL LEADERSHIP38WORKER MATURITY工人成熟度PSYCHOLOGICAL MATURITY 心理成熟度 - persistent, independent, achievement oriented, positive attitude, willing to take on

27、 extra responsibilities -持續(xù)的，獨立的，成就導向的，態(tài)度積極主動，愿意承擔額外的責任 WORK RELATED MATURITY 與工作相關的成熟度 - previous experience, current knowledge, able to meet deadlines, able to solve problems, politically sensitive, care about the organizational goals - 以往的經驗，目前的知識，如期完成工作，解決問題， 具備政治敏感度，關心組織的目標-39CONTINUUM THEORY 連

28、續(xù)理論ABOUT MAKING DECISIONS 關于決策HOW MUCH TO SHARE WITH OTHERS 同他人分享多少HOW CONFIDENT IS THE LEADER 領導者的信心怎樣HOW MUCH CONTROL CAN YOU LET GO 你能做到多大程度地放權WHAT IMPACT WITH EACH STYLE 每一種領導風格有什么樣的影響4041CONTINUUM THEORY連續(xù)理論FACTORS WITHIN THE LEADER 領導自身的因素 past experience, education, personality, feeling of se

29、curity, perceived value of workers 過去的經驗、 教育、個性、安全感、對員工價值的看法FACTORS WITHIN THE WORKERS 員工自身的因素 attitude, interest, informed, risk takers, comfort level with uncertainty 態(tài)度、興趣、知情度、風險愛好度、對不確定性的舒服度FACTORS WITHIN THE SITUATION 情境本身的因素 emergency, confidential, enough time 緊急情況，機密度，足夠的時間42OTHER STYLES其他風格

30、DEMOCRATIC STYLE 民主風格PACE SETTING STYLE 定調風格COERSIVE STYLE 高壓風格AFFILIATIVE STYLE 附庸風格DIRECTIVE STYLE 指令式風格AUTHORITATIVE 權威風格COACHING 教 練SUPPORTIVE 支 持43TRANSACTIONAL THEORY交易理論Based on the idea of an EXCHANGE: You do work and the leader pays you, gives recognition and status 基于交換的理念：你干活，領導者付你工資，給予認同

31、和地位 Good work is rewarded and undesirable behavior is punished 嘉獎好行為，懲罰不理想的行為 Motivation is low Only do enough to avoid getting punished 激勵效果低-只要不受懲罰就好了 Leaders are usually kind and meet the basic needs of workers and get adequate performance 領導者通常很和藹，并且滿足工人的基本需要，確保獲得適當?shù)目冃?No encouragement for innov

32、ation and initiative 不鼓勵創(chuàng)新與積極主動 Best results rarely exceed expectations 最佳的結果很少超越期望 Usually low job satisfaction and low performance 低工作滿意度和工作績效 44TRANSFORMATIONAL THEORY 變革理論 Leaders use Charisma, Inspiration, Individual Consideration and Intellectual Stimulation to maximize satisfaction and perfor

33、mance (Almost heroic and collective feats) 領導者通過魅力、鼓舞、個別式的關懷和聰明地啟發(fā)使?jié)M意度和績效最大化（英雄的集合特質）Charisma creates an emotional connection and excitement about the mission 利用 魅力創(chuàng)造對于任務的情感聯(lián)系和興奮感Leaders are enthusiastic and optimistic about a more desirable future and this inspires workers to work even harder to re

34、ach that vision. (Vision/Inspiration)領導者對于創(chuàng)造一個更美好的未來充滿熱情與樂觀， 激勵下屬更努力工作達成遠景。 （遠見/鼓舞）45TRANSFORMATIONAL THEORY 變革理論 Workers get personal attention and guidance 下屬得到獨特的關注與指導Leaders encourage creativity, innovation and independent thinking 領導者鼓勵創(chuàng)新、創(chuàng)造和獨立思考Spectacular results can happen投機性的結果有可能出現(xiàn)Leaders

35、can excite and inspire workers to put out more effort to reach organizational goals 領導者能啟發(fā)和鼓勵下屬更努力地達成組織的目標LEADERS AND FOLLOWERS RAISE EACH OTHER TO HIGHER LEVELS OF MORALITY AND MOTIVATION 領袖和追隨者互相提高，以達到更高道德和動機水準46CHARISMATIC LEADERSHIP 魅力領導 A magnetic personality 吸引人的人格An enthusiastic, excited lead

36、er who can communicate his vision of a better future 充滿熱情與活力的領導者，善于宣傳更美好未來的遠景An inspired speaker who can articulate the hopes and values of the followers A visionary who captures the mood of the moment 一位鼓舞人心的演講者, 能夠向追隨者宣揚希望和價值觀，一位善于把握此情此景的理想家Self-confident, Appeal to higher values, Can speak very w

37、ell 自信，追求更高價值觀，能言善辯 Set high standards and willing to model the desired behavior 設立高標準，成為理想行為的楷模 47IMPACT OF CHARISMATIC LEADERS有魅力領導人的影響Usually positive impact, but can become a liability 通常是正面的影響，但可能成為妨礙Charismatic leadership qualities of the CEO result in 15 25% higher profitability 具有領導魅力的CEO們，帶

38、來15 25% 的更高盈利能力People working for such leaders exert more effort, have higher loyalty, generate more ideas, and feel greater job satisfaction 人們?yōu)檫@些領導人工作會作出更大的努力、有更高的忠誠度，產生更多的創(chuàng)意，并感受到更大的工作滿足感Charismatic leaders can become very proud 有魅力的領導人可能會變得自傲 48DISPERSED LEADERSHIP 分散式領導NEED TO DEVELOP LEADERSHIP SKILLS AT ALL LEVELS需要在各層級開發(fā)領導技能TEAM LEADERSHIP WORKS WELL團隊領導合作良好ENCOURAGE SELF-MANAGEMENT 鼓勵自我管理NEED TO LEAD OTHERS TO LEAD THEMSELVES要引導別人領導自己TEACHING AND COACHING ARE PART OF EVERY LEADERS JOB教授與輔導是每一個領導者的工作部份49EMPOWERMENT 授 權 A Philosophy of Management 一個管理哲