寧夏石嘴山高二英語課件：7《Revision》（外研版選修6）

1、1serve1)vi. 為服務(wù)；服役They served under the king.他們在國王手下工作。serve in the army 服役2)vt. & vi. 侍候(進(jìn)餐)；開(飯)；上(菜)The daughter served at table.女兒侍侯進(jìn)餐。She served us tea and toast.她給我們端上茶和吐司。3)vt. 為服務(wù)He has served the company for fifty years.他已經(jīng)為公司工作了50年。Serve the country heart and soul.全心全意為祖國服務(wù)！注意：(1)“為人民服務(wù)”不可

2、說serve for the people，而應(yīng)說serve the people。(2)serve作“侍侯進(jìn)餐”講時(shí)，其后可跟雙賓語。She served us tea. (She served tea to us.)她侍奉我們喝茶。知識(shí)拓展serve out 分發(fā)serve as 作為，用作be of service to 對(duì)有用service n. 服務(wù)；貢獻(xiàn)serve sb. right 給某人應(yīng)得到的懲罰in service 在職，在運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)中g(shù)ive good service 服務(wù)周到即學(xué)即用Christmas Day is drawing near. Every day the sa

3、lesgirl has a lot of customers to _.AdependBwaitCserve Dwatch答案：C2decide vt. & vi.決定；決心1)decide (not) to do sth.Tom decided to leave home himself.湯姆決定一個(gè)人離家出走。I have already decided to help the poor girl.我已決定去幫助那個(gè)貧窮的女孩子。2)decidethatclauseIt has been decided that the meeing should be held today.已經(jīng)決定在今

4、天舉行會(huì)議。Lets first decide where we should go.我們先決定到什么地方去。3)decide疑問詞to doI cant decide what to do next.我不能決定下一步做什么。I have decided how to do it.我已決定怎樣做了。4)decided名詞/代詞Its not the seller but the market that decides the price of goods.是市場不是賣者決定商品的價(jià)格。注意：decide 后不能跟動(dòng)名詞。知識(shí)拓展decision n. 決定decisive adj. 決定性的；

5、果斷的decide adj. 確定的；明顯的decide on 就作決定a man of decision 果斷的人with decision 斷然come to/get to/reach/arrive at a decision 作出決定decide against 決心反對(duì)make a decision 作出決定pass a decision 通過一項(xiàng)決議詞語辨析decide, make up ones mind, determine三者均表示“決定”。但decide著重表示經(jīng)過考慮或商量，在幾種可能性中作出選擇；make up ones mind意為“打定主意；下定決心”，與hesita

6、te“猶豫不決”相對(duì)；determine較正式，指決心做一件事，任何東西或情況均不能動(dòng)搖這個(gè)決心。They decided not to accept the invitation.他們決定不接受這個(gè)邀請(qǐng)。It is a mans social being that determines his thinking.人們的社會(huì)存在決定人們的思想。He made up his mind not to speak a word.他打定主意一個(gè)字也不說。即學(xué)即用_to go to college, Mike spent most of his time in learning English.ADet

7、ermining BDeterminedCTo be determined DHaving determined答案：B解析：本題考查形容詞短語作狀語的用法。句意為：因?yàn)闆Q心要上大學(xué)，邁克把大部分時(shí)間都用在學(xué)習(xí)英語上。句中的determine的過去分詞形式已經(jīng)轉(zhuǎn)化為形容詞，在句中作狀語，表示原因，相當(dāng)于原因狀語從句As Mike was determined to go to college。3operate1)vt. 操作；開動(dòng)Who can operate the machine?誰能開動(dòng)這臺(tái)機(jī)器？2)vt. 經(jīng)營；管理The company operates three factorie

8、s.那個(gè)公司經(jīng)營著三家工廠。3)vt. 實(shí)施；負(fù)責(zé)Who operated the programme?誰負(fù)責(zé)這個(gè)項(xiàng)目的？4)vi. 動(dòng)手術(shù)The man has to have his eyes operated on.那個(gè)人的眼睛必須做手術(shù)。5)vi. (機(jī)器等)運(yùn)行；運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)The machine doesnt operate smoothly.這臺(tái)機(jī)器運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)不靈。知識(shí)拓展operation n. 手術(shù)；操作operator n. 操作員；技工operate on 對(duì)起作用；對(duì)進(jìn)行手術(shù)bring into operation 實(shí)施，使生效in operation 運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)中come/go into

9、 operation 開始工作，實(shí)施，生效o operation 實(shí)施；運(yùn)行；使生效即學(xué)即用The doctor was _ the young man who _the computer well.Aoperating, operated onBoperating, operatedCoperating on, operatedDoperating on, operated onHe cant come back home tonight, for he will perform an operation_a 10yearold boy _appendicitis.Aon, f

10、orBon, ofCto, forDupon, as答案：CA4judge1)n. 法官，裁判員；鑒定人A judge hears and decides cases at lawcourt.法官在法庭審理和判決案件。2)v. 審理；判決Who will judge the case?誰將審理此案？No one would judge between us.沒有人愿意在我們之間充當(dāng)裁判。3)v. 判斷；認(rèn)為Dont judge a man by his look.不要以貌取人。I judge it safer to travel by air than by train.我認(rèn)為乘飛機(jī)比乘火車旅

11、行安全。Judging by his accent, he must be from Hunan.從他的口音判斷，他一定是湖南人。注意：judge表示“斷定，認(rèn)為”時(shí)，后接帶形容詞、名詞或不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，還可接that從句或wh從句。知識(shí)拓展judg(e) ment n. 審判，裁判；意見，看法judge by 從來判斷，從來看judge from 從看，根據(jù)可以看出in ones judgement 依據(jù)某人的看法即學(xué)即用_from what he said, he must be an honest man.ATo judge BJudgedCJudge DJudging答案：D解析：j

12、udging by/from“以來判斷”，是評(píng)述性狀語，不受句子主語影響。5evidence n. 證據(jù)；根據(jù)；跡象He produced much experimental data as evidence for his theory.他提出許多實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)作為其理論的依據(jù)。Later, we got evidence of another leak.后來我們又找到有另一漏洞的證明。知識(shí)拓展a piece of evidence 一項(xiàng)證據(jù)give false evidence 作偽證call sb. in evidence 傳某人作證provide/produce/give/introduce

13、/evidence提供證據(jù)詞語辨析proof與evidence1)proof指當(dāng)事人所提供的證明，不僅真實(shí)而且有法律效力。We finally got several proofs of his innocence.我們終于取得數(shù)個(gè)證明他無罪的證據(jù)。2)evidence為一般用詞，既可指當(dāng)事人，也可指第三者所提出的有真實(shí)性的證據(jù)。Is there any evidence for his guilt?有什么根據(jù)證明他犯罪？即學(xué)即用完成句子_ _ _ (有跡象顯示) that someone has been living here.答案：There is evidence6meet vt. &

14、 vi. & n.1)v. 遇見；迎接Lets go to the station to meet him.我們到車站去接他吧。Happy to meet you.很高興遇見你。2)vt. 滿足；符合What will they do if we fail to meet their demands?要是我們滿足不了他們的要求，他們會(huì)做出什么事來呢？He didnt meet the qualifications.他不符合要求。3)vt. 應(yīng)付；對(duì)付How shall we meet the situation?我們應(yīng)該如何應(yīng)付這一局面？4)n. 會(huì)，集會(huì)a sports meet 運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)知識(shí)

15、拓展meet with 遇見，碰見；遭遇meet up with 碰上，偶然遇見make ends meet 使收支相抵meet ones eyes 與某人的目光相遇詞語辨析meet與meet with兩者都有“碰到，遇見”之意，但meet可能是預(yù)先約好的相見或碰見；而meet with純屬偶然的遇見或碰見，有“不期而遇；撞見”的意思，它的偶然性比meet強(qiáng)。另外，meet with還有“遭受”之意，而meet則沒有這一意思。We met with a storm on our way there.我們在去那里的路上遇見了暴風(fēng)雨。I met with an old friend at the

16、dinner party.在晚宴上我遇見了一個(gè)老朋友。即學(xué)即用完成句子Being out of work and having two young children, they found it impossible to _ _ _ (收支平衡)答案：make ends meet7wear1)vt. 穿戴；系；佩She was wearing a smart French Tshirt and jeans.她穿著一件時(shí)髦的法國T恤衫和牛仔褲。She was wearing a gold ring.她戴著一枚金戒指。She used to wear her long hair.她過去留著長發(fā)。

17、2)vt. & vi. 磨損；用舊；侵蝕The water has worn the rocks.水把巖石侵蝕了。The heels of his shoes began to wear.他的鞋后跟開始磨損了。3)vi.耐用，耐磨This cloth wears well.這種布很耐穿。知識(shí)拓展wearable adj. 可穿戴的wearing adj. 令人疲倦的weary adj. 疲勞的；厭倦的wearisome adj. 無聊的，乏味的wear away 磨損；流逝wear off 消失；逐漸減弱wear out 穿破；厭倦；耗盡wear down 磨掉wear a long face

18、 耷拉著臉詞語辨析put on, wear, dress三者都有“穿”的意思。put on側(cè)重于“穿上”這個(gè)動(dòng)作，賓語一般是衣服、鞋帽等；wear強(qiáng)調(diào)“穿著”的狀態(tài)，用法較廣，除穿衣戴帽外，還可表示佩戴首飾、蓄留須發(fā)、面帶表情等；dress的意思是“給某人穿衣服”，賓語只能是人，要表示“某人穿著”，須用be dressed in。He put on his coat and went out.他穿上外套出去了。She is wearing a black skirt today.她今天穿著一條黑裙子。The girl is old enough to dress herself.這個(gè)女孩足夠大

19、了，能自己穿衣服。That night she is dressed in black.那天晚上她一襲黑衣。即學(xué)即用Do you know the girl _white?Adressed in Bhaving onCputting on Dwearing onCould you please tell me where you bought the shoes you _yesterday?Atried on Bput onChad on Dpulled on答案：AC8else1)adj. 別的，其他的Do you have anything else to say?你還有什么要說的嗎？W

20、hat else would you like?你還要?jiǎng)e的東西嗎？2)adv. 另外，其他Where else did you go?你們還到哪里去了？How else can you do it?你還有別的辦法嗎？注意：(1)else常用于不定代詞或疑問詞以及all, little和much后面，但不能說which else，應(yīng)說what else。(2)當(dāng)else連同它的修飾詞需用所有格時(shí)s應(yīng)加在else之后。(3)作形容詞或副詞時(shí)，意義與other相當(dāng)，但位置不同。else放在被修飾的名詞之后，而other在前。如：anything elseany other thing。知識(shí)拓展els

21、ewhere adv. 在別處；向別處or else 否則else than 除以外高考鏈接I hear they arent pleased with the house youve chosen for them.Well, _could they live in such comfort?Awhere else Bwhat elseChow Dwhy解析：where else“別處”，live用作不及物動(dòng)詞，上句中the house暗示需用where else才合語境。答案：A即學(xué)即用Victor certainly cares too much about himself.Yes. H

22、es never interested in what _is doing.Ano one else Banyone elseCsomeone else Dnobody elseI dont think weve met before. Youre taking me for _.Asome other Bsomeone elseCother person Done other答案：BB1as well“也”，置于句末，通常不用逗號(hào)隔開，用于肯定句。I can see how English is used in everyday life as well.我也能夠看到英語在日常生活中是怎樣被

23、運(yùn)用的。知識(shí)拓展1)as well as而且，既，也He grows flowers as well as vegetables.他種了蔬菜而且也種了花。He as well as his parents likes watching TV.他和他的父母都喜歡看電視。注意：若句子主語后面帶有with/together with/but/except/as well as等短語時(shí)，句子的謂語動(dòng)詞要跟最前面(句首的主語形式)保持一致。2)as well as (well adj.)和身體一樣好He is as well as his father.他和他父親的身體一樣好。3)as well as

24、(well adv.)做一樣好She doesnt speak as well as her friends, but her written work is excellent.她說得不如她朋友好，但她的寫作棒極了。高考鏈接John plays football _， if not better than, David.Aas well Bas well asCso well Dso well as解析：該句可理解為：John plays football as well as David, if he doesnt play better than David.句意為“如果不比David踢

25、得好的話，至少John同David踢得一樣好”。答案：B即學(xué)即用_the danger from another attack of earthquake, people had to overcome a shortage of food, drinking water, medicine, clothing, and almost everything.AAs far as BAs well asCAs bad as DAs much as答案：B解析：在本句中，as well as的作用相當(dāng)于and。2live on1)vt. 以為生計(jì)(過活)He lives on $80 a week

26、.他一星期靠80美元過活。2)vt. 以為主食They live on fish and rice.他們以魚及米飯為主食。3)vi. 茍全性命，繼續(xù)活著The spirit of Lei Feng will live on.雷鋒精神將永存。詞語辨析live on與feed on1)live on “以為主食”，主語通常是人；并且此詞組不可分開用。2)feed on “(動(dòng)物)以為主食，以當(dāng)飼料”，主語可以是嬰兒。Cows feed on hay during winter.牛在冬天吃干草。3)feed.to. 用喂養(yǎng)We feed meat to our dog.我們用肉喂我們的狗。即學(xué)即用S

27、he feeds the baby_milk and hay_her cattle.Aon; to Bto; onCwith; to Don; with答案：A解析：考查feed與不同介詞搭配的不同用法。根據(jù)feed人/動(dòng)物on食物feed食物to人/動(dòng)物的搭配，A項(xiàng)符合題意。B、C、D三項(xiàng)均與feed的搭配不符合。句意為：她用牛奶喂嬰兒，把干草喂給牛。3by oneself 獨(dú)自，親自，為自己The box is too heavy for me to lift by myself.那個(gè)箱子太重，我一個(gè)人提不起來。知識(shí)拓展1)for oneself獨(dú)自，親自，為自己One should no

28、t live for oneself alone.人不能僅僅為自己活著。2)to oneself 獨(dú)自享用When one dines in a restaurant, one likes a table to oneself.人們在飯店吃飯時(shí)，喜歡獨(dú)占一張桌子。3) of oneself自動(dòng)地The door opened of itself.門自動(dòng)開了。4)in oneself 本來，本身Modern technology is not dangerous in itself.現(xiàn)代科技本身并不危險(xiǎn)。5)come to oneself 蘇醒，恢復(fù)意識(shí)The patient came to h

29、imself quickly.病人很快就蘇醒了。6)be oneself 身體(頭腦)正常；行動(dòng)自然Im not myself today.我今天不太正常/不太對(duì)勁。7)beside oneself 忘我，發(fā)狂(withn.)She was beside herself with sorrow.她悲傷得要發(fā)瘋。高考鏈接(2009湖南)Most Americans would prefer to keep their problems _ themselves, and solve their problems _ themselves.Ato; byBby; toCfor; toDin; on

30、解析：本題考查動(dòng)詞短語的固定搭配。keep their problems to themselves 意為：把問題留給自己；solve their problems by themselves意為：自己解決問題(強(qiáng)調(diào)親自動(dòng)手，不憑借外力)。答案：A即學(xué)即用You will find as you read this book that you just cant keep some of these stories to _. You will want to share them with a friend.AitselfByourselfChimselfDthemselves答案：B4at

31、 least1)至少It will cost at least 5 dollars.那至少要花5美元。2)無論如何，至少You should at least try it.你至少應(yīng)該試一下。 知識(shí)拓展1)not the least(1)一點(diǎn)也不My pen pal didnt have the least knowledge of my country.我的筆友對(duì)我的國家毫無認(rèn)識(shí)。(2)不少，很，非常There was not the least danger.危險(xiǎn)可不小呢。2)least of all 最不，尤其不I like that one least of all.我最不喜歡那個(gè)。I

32、 dont want to eat, least of all tonight.我今晚尤其不想吃東西。3)not least 相當(dāng)?shù)?，不少地，主要地Trade has been bad, not least because of the increased cost of oil.生意一直清淡，主要是因?yàn)槭蛢r(jià)格上漲。4)not in the least (not at all)一點(diǎn)也不You are not disturbing me in the least.你一點(diǎn)也沒有打擾到我。5)to say the least (of it) 至少可以說He is wrong, to say the

33、 least.至少可以說，他錯(cuò)了。即學(xué)即用David has won the first prize in singing; hes still very excited now and feels _desire to go to bed.Athe mostBmoreCworseDthe leastAlan is a careful driver, but he drives _of my friends.Amore carefully Bthe most carefullyCless carefully Dthe least carefully答案：DD5account for 作某事物的

34、解釋；解釋某事物的原因His illness accounts for his absence.他因病缺席。Please account for your disgraceful conduct.對(duì)你的可恥行為請(qǐng)作出解釋。注意：account vt. 將某人/物看作/視為，accountn.n./adj.I account him lucky.I account him a lucky man.我認(rèn)為他很幸運(yùn)/是一個(gè)幸運(yùn)的人。In English law a man is accounted innocent until he is proved guilty.根據(jù)英國法律，一個(gè)人未經(jīng)證實(shí)有罪

35、仍視為無罪。知識(shí)拓展account 用作n.時(shí)的意義及相關(guān)短語：1)n. C說明，解釋；報(bào)告，報(bào)道He gave me a full account of his plan.他針對(duì)他的計(jì)劃給我作了完整的說明。Todays paper carries an exciting account of the match.今天的報(bào)紙刊載了這場比寒的精彩報(bào)道。2)n. C 計(jì)算，賬(單)；收支明細(xì)；借貸清單They send their account at the end of the month.他們在月底時(shí)送出賬單。Put it on my account.Charge it to my acco

36、unt.將它記在我的賬上。3)n. C(銀行等)戶頭；交易關(guān)系I would like to open an account.我想開個(gè)戶頭。4)n. C理由；根據(jù)I wont be able to come on this account.因?yàn)檫@個(gè)緣故，我不能來。5)常用短語：by/from all accounts 根據(jù)大家的說法；根據(jù)各種報(bào)道m(xù)ake much/some/no account of對(duì)非常重視/輕視/忽視of much/some/no account 重要的/有點(diǎn)重要的on ones account為了(某人)的緣故，記在(某人)的賬上on account of (介詞)為了

37、的理由，為了的緣故，為了的利益on all accountson every account 無論如何，務(wù)必on no account 絕不o accounttake account of. 注意/考慮take no account of 對(duì)絲毫不加考慮，忽視即學(xué)即用I hope my teacher will take my bad illness into_when judging my examination.Areason BstatementCstory Daccount答案：D解析：考查詞義辨析及短語搭配。take sth. into accounttake sth

38、. into consideration是固定短語，意思是“把考慮在內(nèi)”。reason“原因”；statement“敘述”；story“故事”均不能和take構(gòu)成搭配。句意為：當(dāng)老師評(píng)價(jià)考試成績時(shí)，我希望老師能考慮到我的病情。6by contrast 相比之下She had almost failed the exam, but her sister, by contrast, had done very well.她考試差點(diǎn)不及格，而她的妹妹相比之下考得很好。知識(shí)拓展in contrast to/with 與相比The blue curtain is in beautiful contrast with the white wall.那藍(lán)色窗簾與白色的墻壁形成美麗的對(duì)比。In contrast to the city life, time seemed to pass slowly in the country.與都市生活相比，在鄉(xiāng)村時(shí)間似乎過得慢。即學(xué)即用_， M