交換機(jī)端口兼容性問(wèn)題的處理方法

1、交換機(jī)端口兼容性問(wèn)題的處理方法(本文適用于NETGEAR智能交換機(jī)和700系列全網(wǎng)管交換機(jī))現(xiàn)在市面上有很多家廠商都在生產(chǎn)交換機(jī)或網(wǎng)卡，雖然絕大多數(shù)廠家的交換機(jī)之間、交換機(jī)和網(wǎng)卡之間都可以相互兼容，在一起正常工作，但有時(shí)候我們也會(huì)碰到一些不兼容的情況，現(xiàn)象主要表現(xiàn)在：交換機(jī)級(jí)聯(lián)或電腦連交換機(jī)時(shí)端口燈不亮，鏈路不通交換機(jī)之間或電腦連交換機(jī)傳輸數(shù)據(jù)很慢，丟包嚴(yán)重交換機(jī)之間或電腦連交換機(jī)傳輸?shù)臄?shù)據(jù)誤碼率很高對(duì)于上述問(wèn)題，我們總結(jié)了一些經(jīng)驗(yàn)，并通過(guò)NETGEAR智能交換機(jī)、全網(wǎng)管700系列交換機(jī)為例，說(shuō)明操作的方法，嘗試解決兼容性的問(wèn)題。雖然不能說(shuō)能絕對(duì)解決問(wèn)題，但可作為采取的一種排除故障的手段?？蓢L

2、試的方法如下：1、修改端口的速率協(xié)商模式和雙工，如強(qiáng)制端口工作在百兆全雙工，或把速率設(shè)為自動(dòng)協(xié)商等2、開(kāi)啟或關(guān)閉端口的流量控制(FlowControl)功能3、開(kāi)啟或關(guān)閉端口風(fēng)暴控制功能4、關(guān)閉生成樹(shù)協(xié)議一、端口速率協(xié)商模式、雙工和流量控制(FlowControl)的修改交換機(jī)硬件方面的兼容性，可以通過(guò)修改端口速率協(xié)商模式和雙工模式來(lái)嘗試解決。流量控制功能通過(guò)修改對(duì)端口緩存的管理控制也能解決部分兼容性問(wèn)題。1、基本智能交換機(jī)，我們以FS726T為例進(jìn)入SwitchPortConfigurationSystemSwitchStatusIPAccessListSetupMsswordSwitch_

3、PortConfiguratiDn詈tatkticaQoSHLANTnjnlcingAdvangdFirmwareBackupFactoryResEtSystemResetIDSpeedFlowControlLinkStatusPortDescri|JtionIDSpeedFlowControlLinkStatusPortDescri|Jtion10/100Mbps01AutoOnDown02AutoOnDown03AutoOnDown04AutoOnDown05AutoOnDawn06AutoOnDown07AutoOnDown08AutoOnDown09AutoOnDown10AutoOn

4、Down11AutoOnDown12AutoOnDown13AutoOn10OMFull14AutoOnDown15AutoOnDawn16AutoOnDown17AutoOnDown18AutoOnDown19AutoOnDown20AutoOnDown21AutoOnDown22AutoOnDown23AutoOnDown24AutoOnDown10/100/1000Mbps25AutoOnDown26|AutoOnDownPORTConfigurationRefreshLogout選擇要修改的端口，在Speed處選擇需要的模式，在FlowControl設(shè)置開(kāi)啟或關(guān)閉流量控制。System

5、SwitchStatusIP就txessListSet-upPasswordSwitchPortConfigurationStatisticsQaSHLMTrunkingMonitDrAdvancedFirmwareCanfiguratianBmukupFmctDryRewetSystemRewetPortSettingsPleaseheawarethatspeedmustsetassameaslinkpailner.SystemPortSettingsSwitchStatusIPAccessListSet-upPasswordPleasebeawarethatspeedmustsetassa

6、measlinkpartner.Otherwise,packetlossorlinkerrormightoccur.SwitchPortConfiaurationIDSpeedJfFlowControlPortDescription1Autov|OffvOnStatisticsQoSPreviousPor/extPortApplyHelpLoglltVLANTrunkingMonitorAdvancedFirmwareConfigurationBackupFactoryResetLogout2、增強(qiáng)型智能交換機(jī)，我們以FS728TS為例進(jìn)入SwitchPortConfiguration選取要修

7、改的端口，如果要強(qiáng)制端口速率的話(huà)，則需要先把AutoNegotiation設(shè)為Disable然后在AdminSpeed和AdminDuplex處設(shè)置速率和雙工。如果是半雙工，可在BackPressure開(kāi)啟或關(guān)閉流量控制；如果是全雙工，可在FlowControl出開(kāi)啟或關(guān)閉流量控制SystemMennSwitchSt己tu%IPI門(mén)terf日cesecuitAdcienTBbleTimEPoEGonficiui*日tionSteckMe門(mén)&qem巳門(mén)tSwitchPortGo門(mén)ficiur曰ticniLAGGonfiqu3ticniSt&tistics/RHCiMQoSVLAMPrlonito

8、rAd廿日門(mén)cedFirmwareReactivateSuspendedPortOperationalStatus.ActiveAdminSpeed100MvCurrentPortSpeed100MAdminDuplexFullvCurrentDuplexModeFullAutoNegotiationOEnableDisableCurrentAutoNegotiationEnableAdminAdvertisement0Ca口日匕ilityZ10Half10Full100Half100Full1000FullCurrentAdvertisement10Half10Full100Half100F

9、ullNeighborAdvertisement10Half10Full100Half100FullBackPressureOEnableDisableCurrentBackPressureDisableFlowControlDisable二CurrentFlowControlDisableMDI/MDIXAUTOvCurrentMDI/MDIXMDIPortTypelOOM-coppercFileManaaement3、全網(wǎng)管700系列交換機(jī)，以FSM726S為例在Set-upPortConfiguration中在Speed處選擇需要的模式，在FlowControl設(shè)置開(kāi)啟或關(guān)閉流量控制。二

10、、風(fēng)暴控制的修改風(fēng)暴控制主要用于避免局域網(wǎng)中的廣播風(fēng)暴，它限制了每個(gè)端口每秒通過(guò)的廣播（組播）數(shù)量，丟棄多余的廣播（組播）包。對(duì)一些網(wǎng)吧中使用廣播或組播來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)服務(wù)器更新的應(yīng)用（比如網(wǎng)絡(luò)克?。?huì)造成較大影響。1、基本智能交換機(jī)，我們以FS726T為例進(jìn)入AdvancedStormControl中，可修改全局的風(fēng)暴控制設(shè)置System生witchstatusIPAccessListet-UDPasswordSwitchStormControlGlobalSettingPortEgnfiflufgijgnStatisticsQoSVLANTankingIVIonitoMvanmdStormContr

11、olStatusDisableVThreshold(bps)BroadcastUnlyMulticast&BroadcastUrikrLOi.mUnicast.MulticastiiBroadcastApplyHelpSpanningTreeSNMPConfigmationIGMPSnoopingStatusStaticMulticastGroupsPortRateSettingStonriContmlFirmwareCDnfiguaitiDiiB阿dcupFactoryRe甘EtPortStormControlModeTliresliokl(l)ps)01DisableDisable02Di

12、sableDisable03DisableDisable04DisableDisable05DisableDisable06DisableDisable07DisableDisable08DisableDisable09DisableDisable10DisableDisable11DisableDisable12DisableDisable13DisableDisable14DisableDisableDisable：關(guān)閉風(fēng)暴控制BroadcastOnly：僅開(kāi)啟廣播風(fēng)暴控制Multicast&Broadcast：組播和廣播風(fēng)暴控制UnknownUnicast.Multicast&Broad

13、cast：未知單播、組播和廣播風(fēng)暴控制Threshold(bps)：每秒每端口可通過(guò)的廣播(組播)數(shù)據(jù)另外也可點(diǎn)擊端口號(hào)針對(duì)每個(gè)端口來(lái)設(shè)置Pon:StormControlMode:Threshold(bps):ApplyStormControlPortSettingDisablevBroadcastOnlyMulticast廈BroadcastDisableUnknownUnicastjMulticast&Broadcast2、增強(qiáng)型智能交換機(jī)，我們以FS728TS為例進(jìn)入SwitchSecurityTrafficStormControlBrodcThreshTimEStormControlP

14、oEConfigurationSwitchPortCo門(mén)fiquetionLAGCo門(mén)figuetionStetistics/RIVIONOoSSECurit#TrofficPortSecurityAccessGontolPortAuthentic:日tionInterfaceBroadcastControlBroadcastModeBroadcastRateThreshold(Kbps)InterfaceBroadcastControlBroadcastMode1/elEnabledBroad匚mEtOnly200l/e2EnabledBroad匚mEtOnlyl/e3EnabledBroa

15、dcastOnly200l/e4EnabledBroadcastOnlyl/e5EnabledBroad匚曰EtOnly200l/e6EnabledBroad匚曰EtOnlyl/e7EnabledBroadcastOnly200l/e8EnabledBroadcastOnlyEnabledBroad匚日mtOnly200EnabledBroad匚日mtOnlyEnabledBroadcastOnly200仏12EnabledBroadcastOnlyElmEnabledBroadcastOnly200EnabledBroadcastOnlyEnabledBroad匚mEtOnly200仏1白E

16、nabledBroad匚mEtOnly仏了EnabledBroadcastOnly200EnabledBroadcastOnlyEnabledBroad匚日mtOnly200EnabledBroad匚日mtOnlyEnabledBroadcastOnly200仏22EnabledBroadcastOnly1扛2耳EnabledBroadcastOnly200EnabledBroadcastOnly1/QlEnabledBroad匚mEtOnly2001/Q2EnabledBroad匚mEtOnlyVLAMMemitciFirmwareFilEM日門(mén)曰QEmEnt點(diǎn)擊要修改的端口，在Enable

17、BroadcastControl設(shè)置是否打開(kāi)風(fēng)暴控制。3、全網(wǎng)管700系列交換機(jī)，以FSM726S為例進(jìn)入AdvaneedTrafficManagementBroadcastControl中NavigationAdvancedTrafficManagementBroadcastControlStackUnit1:BroadcastControlRate:Packet&s781112151619202324Thispageallowsyoutocontrolthemaximumnumberofbroadcastpacketsreceivedeachsecondoneachport.Broadca

18、stpacketsbeyondthesetthresholdwillbedropped.Thethresholdcanbeanynumberbetween0and1,488,100.PacketssPortPacketssHvstemSl_|StatusSl_|Set-upBlIToolsBllSecurityWAdvancedDisabeAdvancedAertiPortFylirrorinqFortTrunkinqTraTTicFrioritvBroadcastcontroELJVLANSEl_|MACEI_|SNMPApplytoAllPortsPacketssPort3田|_1.a.d

19、vancedSecurit?田|_|.a.dvancedToolsHjTrafficManagement田IISpanningTreeEl_lMultimediaSupport700系列交換機(jī)沒(méi)有直接關(guān)閉風(fēng)暴控制的設(shè)置，要關(guān)閉的話(huà)，就將控制值設(shè)為最大1488100）即可。三、關(guān)閉生成樹(shù)協(xié)議生成樹(shù)協(xié)議（SpanningTreeProtocol）是為了避免環(huán)路、增加冗余而產(chǎn)生的協(xié)議，使用的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是802.1d,在有的使用其他私有協(xié)議的交換機(jī)上（如使用PVST的Cisco交換機(jī)），可能出現(xiàn)兼容性問(wèn)題。因此在確保沒(méi)有環(huán)路的情形下，可以嘗試關(guān)閉生成樹(shù)協(xié)議。1、基本智能交換機(jī)，我們以FS726T為例進(jìn)入Sw

20、itchAdvaneedSpanningTree,將STPFunction設(shè)為DisableSystemSwitchStatusIPAcxe聽(tīng)ListSt-upSwitchPortCnnfiguitioiiStatistics*QoSVLANTrunldiigMonitorAdvancedSpanninjiTreeSNMPGmfiguetionIGWIPSnoopingStatusSt同tichflulticastGolipsPrtRateGettingSt口m匸口nt口IFirmwareConfiguiticjnB阿cku口FactoryReset802.1DSpanningTreeSettingSTPFunction一-OEnable.FastLinkODisal)l