蒙大綜合英語課件Unit5-4-language study

1、Part FourLanguage StudyENTER Word Study Phrases and Expressions Word Building Grammar Language StudyContentsI. Word StudyWord list:advocateantiquecompresscondensedeferdeposit 7. guarantee 8. outlet 9. refresh10. revitalize11. scale12. skimI. Word Study1. advocatev. to publicly support an idea or a p

2、lann. someone who strongly and publicly supports someone or somethingExamples:He advocates building more schools.There is no point advocating high salaries for teachers unless we can do it.He is a tireless advocate of political reform.I. Word Study2. antiqueExamples:It is an antique rosewood desk.Th

3、e palace is full of priceless antiques.adj. being old and therefore valuablen. an old object such as a piece of furniture or jewellery that is valuable because it is rare, beautiful, or well madeI. Word Study3. compressv. a. to press or squeeze something so that it fits into a smaller space b. to wr

4、ite something in fewer words c. to make a process last for a shorter time than usualExamples:The machine compresses old cars into blocks of scrap metal.Try to compress your notes so that they are easier to learn.Youd better compress two months work into one.Cf. condense contractI. Word Study 4. cond

5、ensev. a. to cause (a gas or vapor) to change to a liquid b. to remove water from (milk, for example) c. to make a piece of writing shorter by removing some partsExamples:Steam condensed on the bathroom mirror.condensed milk (煉乳)condensed story (縮寫本)Cf. compresscontractTo be continued on the next pr

6、ess, condense, contractI. Word StudyFill in the blanks with the right word.contractscompresscondensedThe pupil of the eye dilates and _ in response to light.She sat on the lid of the suitcase to _ the clothes.The chairman _ all the suggestions put forward into a single plan of action.I. Word StudyEx

7、amples: Lets defer the decision for a few weeks. I will defer to Mr. Walter on this point.5. deferCf. postponedelayv. to delay something until a later date (formal) to agree to accept someones opinion or decision because you have respect for that persondefer to sb./sth.To be continued on the next pa

8、ge.defer, postpone, delayI. Word StudyFill in the blanks with the right word.deferreddelayedpostponeI _ paying the bills.The bus was _ by a cloudburst.We would like to _ your appointment until Saturday. Defer implies an intentional delaying.Postpone implies an intentional deferring, commonly until a

9、 definite time.Delay causes to be behind schedule.I. Word Study6. depositn. a. a first payment that you make when you agree to buy something expensive such as a car or houseb. an amount of money you pay when you rent something that is returned to you when you stop renting itc. an amount of money tha

10、t you pay into a bank accountd. a layer of metal that has formed in soil or rockExamplesTo be continued on the next page.I. Word StudyExamples:We put down a deposit on a house last week.You will have to pay one months rent in advance, plus a deposit of $500.Id like to make a deposit, please.Rich min

11、eral deposits have been discovered in the area. 付定金； 押金，抵押金； 存款； 礦床TranslationI. Word Study7. guaranteev. a. to promise sth. will happen b. to make sth. certainn. a. an agreement that if sth. you buy does not work, it will be repaired or replaced b. a formal and firm promise that sth. will be done o

12、r will happenTo be continued on the next page.ExamplesI. Word StudyExamples:The government guaranteed to free the captives.The rain guarantees a good crop this year.The new television had a guarantee with it.Is there a guarantee of work after training?I. Word Study8. outletn. a. a shop or a place wh

13、ere a particular product is soldb. a way of expressing strong feelings that you would normally not expressExamples:Most of their sales are through traditional retail outlets.He plays basketball as an outlet for stress.I. Word Study9. refreshrefresh ones memoryto make someone remember somethingrefres

14、h someones drinkto add more of an alcoholic drink to someones glassExamples:A shower will refresh you.I looked at the map to refresh my memory of the route.Can I refresh your drink?adj. refreshedadj. refreshingn. refreshmentWord formationv. to make someone feel less tired or less hotI. Word Study10.

15、 revitalizev. to put new strength or power into sth.Example:They hope to revitalize the neighborhood by providing better housing.n. revival v. revivev. vitalizen. vitalizationWord formationI. Word Study large scale evolutionary scale the bathroom scales the scale on a thermometer Richter scale a sca

16、le of 1250 scales of fish 11. scale大規(guī)模進化等級浴室磅秤溫度計上的刻度里氏震級1250的比例尺魚鱗Translation I. Word Study12. skimv. a. to remove floating fat or solids from the surface of a liquidb. to read something quickly to find the main facts or ideas in itc. to move along quickly, nearly touching a surfaceTo be continued

17、on the next page.ExamplesI. Word StudyExamples:After simmering the meat and vegetables skim the fat off from the surface.Just skim through the second section to save time.The swallows were skimming over the water.The end of Word Study.List:agree with sb.as manycant wait to do sth.get sth. over withh

18、elp outlinger over/onmore often than not 8. off the rack 9. put away10. put brakes on11. save sb. the trouble of doing sth.12. save up13. stuff withII. Phrases and ExpressionsExamples:Stop taking the medicine if it doesnt agree with you.I find that country life really agrees with me.1. agree with sb

19、.II. Phrases and ExpressionsIf something agrees with you, it doesnt make you feel ill.Example:Those coolies were great. I could eat as many again.2. as manyII. Phrases and Expressionsthe same number as another particular numberExample:I cant wait to go to school then: I will be a big kid, and Ill ma

20、ke friends andlearn so much at school.3. cant wait to do sth. = can hardly wait to do sth.II. Phrases and Expressionsto be very excited about something or keen to do it把做完了事II. Phrases and Expressions4. get sth. over withChineseto do and finish something difficult that you have to doExamples:Ill spe

21、ak first if you likeId rather get it over with quickly.He looked upon the marriage ceremony as a mere formalitysomething to be got over with as quickly as possible.5. help out救助，協(xié)助（渡過難關(guān)）II. Phrases and ExpressionsChineseto help somebody in a difficult situationExamples:Who is helping out in the gard

22、en this afternoon? Ive often helped Bob out when he has been a bit short of money.6. linger over/onII. Phrases and Expressionsto stay somewhere a little longer, especially because you do not want to leaveExamples:They lingered over coffee and missed the last bus.She let her eyes linger on him.Exampl

23、es:Nancy comes over on Saturday more often than not.More often than not, the argument could have been avoided.7. more often than not = as often as not“often” phrasesII. Phrases and Expressionson most occasionsTo be continued on the next page.sometimes, but not frequentlyII. Phrases and Expressionsal

24、l too oftenused for saying that something makes you sad or upset because it happens more often than you think it shouldShe still phones me every so often.All too often, parents leave their children home alone.every so often8. off the rackII. Phrases and Expressionsoff-the-rack (AmE)/ off-the-peg (Br

25、E)ready madeon the rackin a difficult situation that you cannot deal withIt was only a cheap suit, bought off the rack/off the peg.The interviewers questions put the President on the rack.9. put awayII. Phrases and ExpressionsChinese存錢；收拾；拋棄；吃掉Examples:My grandfather had put away over $100,000.Put a

26、way all your books on the desk. The guest might come any time.Please put all negative thoughts away.The boy put away the dinner in just a few minutes.10. put brakes onII. Phrases and ExpressionsChinese使停頓put a brake on/ put the brakes on sth.to stop sth. that is happeningExamples:The high level of d

27、ebt continued to put a brake on economic recovery.The town government put the brakes on all these projects by giving them less money.11. save sb. the trouble of doing sth.II. Phrases and Expressionsto make somebody able to avoid extra effort or workExample:Fast-food restaurants are popular because t

28、hey save people the trouble of cooking.12. save up II. Phrases and Expressionsto keep or store something so that you can use it in the futureExamples:They are saving up for a new car.She spent all the money I have saved up for our trip.13. stuff withII. Phrases and ExpressionsThe end of Phrases and

29、Expressions.a. to fill sb. with food until one is not hungryb. to fill a container or space with sth., especially sth. soft Examples:They stuff the children with food.The bed was stuffed with cotton so it was very soft.III. Word BuildingList:Prefixsuper-Prefixpre-RootcentenaryIII. Word Buildingsuper

30、market (para. 5) prefixrootsuper-: more, larger, greater, or more powerful than usualsuperegosuperficialsuperherosupernaturalsuperstructuresuperstoresupertanker超我膚淺的超級英雄超自然的上層建筑大型商場巨型油輪pre-: a. before someone or sth. b. in preparationprecedentprefaceprematureprecautionpreconceptionpreconditionprevie

31、w先例，前例前言早熟的預防措施預想前提，先決條件（電影等）預演，預映pre-digest (para. 6)prefixrootIII. Word Buildingcentennial (AmE)/centenary (BrE): adj. 一百周年紀念的n.一百周年紀念centenarybicentenarytercentenaryquatercentenaryquincentenary一百周年紀念二百周年紀念三百周年紀念四百周年紀念五百周年紀念bicentennial (para. 5)prefixrootIII. Word BuildingThe end of Word Building.IV. Gr