2022屆重慶市高三下學期第二次聯(lián)合診斷檢測英語試題

1、試卷第 =page 21 21頁，共 =sectionpages 21 21頁試卷第 =page 1 1頁，共 =sectionpages 3 3頁2022屆重慶市高三下學期第二次聯(lián)合診斷檢測英語試題學校:_姓名：_班級：_考號：_一、閱讀理解The Great Exhibition Road Festival is a free annual celebration of science and the arts each summer in South Kensington and online.Our exciting programme of talks, workshops and

2、activities this year will focus on how we help inspire a greener future for the planet we share. Well be inviting visitors to see what actions we can take in our own lives to care for nature and how we can join together to give a voice to our planet, from community projects to global action.Anyone a

3、t Imperial can be a volunteer, no experience needed. From welcoming visitors to social media support, theres a role for you.Your role on the dayYou will be assigned a role when you arrive at the festival. We will, of course, try to give you a role which you will enjoy. Roles include:Welcoming member

4、s of the public and answering their questionsManaging talks and performance entry and turnaroundSupporting researchers or artists taking part in a workshopHelping us understand what people thought about the eventCollecting pictures and stories for College newsWhy volunteer?Join a great team of peopl

5、e making this exciting event happenShifts that are easy to book, change and cancelFree festival T-shirt to keepFull briefing before the Festival and support of a dedicated volunteer manager on the dayFree lunch and snacksMeet people from across the College who you might never have spoken to otherwis

6、e!The Great Exhibition Road Festival: 18-26 June 2022VOLUNTEER SHIFT TIMESSaturday 18 June: 10 AM - 2 PMSunday 19 June: 1:30 PM - 5 PMWednesday 22 June: 1:30 PM - 5 PMThursday 23 June: 1:30 PM - 5 PMSaturday 25 June: 10 AM - 2 PMLOCATION: Exhibition Road, South Kensington CampusContact usIf you have

7、 any questions about volunteering, take a look at our FAQs or get in touch with Emma Slater at pep.volunteeringimperial.ac.uk.1. What is the theme of the festival this year?A. Amazing things about nature.B. Perfect trips on the lonely planet.C. Green environment in the future.D. New insights into gl

8、obal issues.2. What is a volunteers responsibility?A. Wearing a T-shirt for the festival.B. Meeting more college students.C. Assisting with scientific research.D. Gathering content for College media.3. If you are only available on the weekend afternoon, which shift time suits you?A. 18 June: 10 AM -

9、 2 PM.B. 22 June: 1: 30 PM - 5 PM.C. 19 June: 1:30 PM - 5 PM.D. 23 June: 1: 30 PM - 5 PM.【答案】1C2D3C【解析】【導語】這是一篇應用文，文章主要介紹了倫敦帝國理工學院的大展路藝術節(jié)的志愿者招募活動。1. 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Our exciting programme of talks, workshops and activities this year will focus on how we help inspire a greener future for the planet we sh

10、are.(我們今年令人興奮的演講、研討會和活動計劃將聚焦于我們如何幫助激發(fā)我們共享的星球的綠色未來)”可知，今年的活動主題是創(chuàng)建綠色未來。故選C項。2. 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Your role on the day部分中的“Collecting pictures and stories for College news(為大學新聞手機照片和故事)”可知，志愿者的服務內容范圍包括為大學新聞收集圖片和故事。故選D項。3. 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)VOLUNTEER SHIFT TMES中志愿者輪班時間“Sunday 19 June: 1:30 PM - 5 PM(周日6月19日：下午1:30-下午5點)”可知

11、，如果你只有周末下午有時間，6月19日下午1:30到下午5點的時間適合你。故選C項。Eleven-year-old Allan Baltz of Jonesboro, Arkansas, is familiar with the foster (領養(yǎng)) care system. When he and his twin sister Alice were only four, they came to live with their foster parents Derek and Lesli Baltz.Last fall when Allan got an opportunity to p

12、ay it forward, he made it count.During the height of the 2021 shutdown, to keep their kids entertained at home, the family decided to switch up their hairstyles. Lesli dyed her hair red and Alice went blue. Derek tried out a mustache, and Allan went the craziest by growing out a long, beautiful mull

13、et (胭脂魚發(fā)型).When friends pushed Allan to enter the USA Mullet Championships competition, Allan initially wasnt interested because he thought he couldnt win. However, once he learned there was a cash prize, he changed his tune.“He instantly was like Oh, OK. I can do it, and well give the money to kids

14、 in foster care.” Lesli said. “He didnt hesitate. He didnt say, I can get a bike, then give some money away. It was just instant that he wanted to give it away.”After submitting his photo and following up with several weeks of campaigning, Allan took home the top prize in the kids division with more

15、 than 25, 000 votes in his favor.He split his winnings between two local foster care organizations, Together We Foster and Project Zero, but his impact went far beyond just the $2,500 he donated. His giving heart inspired others to do the same, and he ended up raising an additional $4,500 for the tw

16、o organizations.“People also started volunteering and donating,” Lesli said. “A few people that we know decided to start fostering because of Allans story. The way that people hear it and it inspires them to do something about the foster care crisis is really incredible.” Lesli said she couldnt be p

17、rouder of Allans heart for helping others and feels truly lucky to be his mom.4. What do the underlined words “pay it forward” mean in paragraph 2?A. Spend plenty of money.B. Pass on love to others.C. Pay for goods in advance.D. Win great popularity.5. Why did Allan grow a mullet?A. It was really a

18、good way to have fun.B. It was an extremely popular hairstyle.C. It was required for the competition.D. It was the craziest thing hed ever done.6. Which of the following words would be used to describe Allan?A. Talented and decisive.B. Selfless and open-minded.C. Generous and kind-hearted.D. Sensiti

19、ve and sociable.7. What was the influence of Allans donation of prize money?A. It led to the donation totaling $4,500 in the end.B. It inspired more people to get involved in foster care.C. He helped to successfully solve foster care crisis.D. He luckily won true love and admiration of Lesli.【答案】4B5

20、A6C7B【解析】【導語】這是一篇記敘文，文章主要講述一個被領養(yǎng)的11歲小男孩參加胭脂魚發(fā)型大賽，然后將獲得的獎金全部捐給了寄養(yǎng)機構。4. 詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第一段“When he and his twin sister Alice were only four, they came to live with their foster parents Derek and Lesli Baltz.(當他和他的雙胞胎姐姐Alice只有四歲時，他們去和養(yǎng)父母Derek和Lesli Baltz一起生活)”可知，Allan Baltz和雙胞胎姐姐Alice從四歲開始被領養(yǎng)，一直與養(yǎng)父母生活在一起，得到許多

21、關愛。從倒數(shù)第二段中“He split his winnings between two local foster care organizations(他把獎金分給了當?shù)氐膬蓚€寄養(yǎng)機構)”可知，Allan贏得比賽獎金全部捐給寄養(yǎng)機構，所以第二段承上啟下。由此推知，此處為“Allan獲得機會將愛傳遞”。故選B項。5. 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第一句“During the height of the 2021 shutdown, to keep their kids entertained at home, the family decided to switch up their hairsty

22、les.(在2021年美國政府封鎖的高峰期，為了讓孩子們在家娛樂，這家人決定更換發(fā)型)”可知，疫情期間，為了找樂子，一家人開始創(chuàng)意他們的發(fā)型。故選A項。6. 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中“He didnt hesitate. He didnt say, I can get a bike, then give some money away. It was just instant that he wanted to give it away.(他沒有猶豫。他沒有說，我可以買一輛自行車，然后捐點錢出去。他立刻就想把它捐贈出去)”可知，Allan慷慨無私，且他為其他領養(yǎng)家庭考慮，有一顆幫助他人的心，所

23、以他慷慨又好心。故選C項。7. 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“His giving heart inspired others to do the same, and he ended up raising an additional $4,500 for the two organizations.(他的慈善之心激勵其他人也這樣做，最終他為這兩個組織又籌集了4500美元)”及最后一段中“A few people that we know decided to start fostering because of Allans story.(我們認識的一些人因為Allan的故事決定開始領養(yǎng))”

24、可知，Allan的捐助大大地鼓勵了人們，許多人也開始參與志愿者活動或者捐助活動。故選B項。Swimming is a wonderful thing for me exercise, reflection and alone time. The only thing that can ruin a swim is when I shift my attention from my lane to whats happening in the lanes next to me. I can catch myself racing the person next to me, or compari

25、ng our strokes.Comparison is actually not an emotion. Researchers explain that comparing the self with others, either intentionally or unintentionally, is a common social phenomenon.Comparison is the desire for consistency from one side and competition from the other its trying to be like everyone e

26、lse, but better. When we compare ourselves with others, we are ran king around a specific collection of “alike things”. Im not swimming against Katie Ledeckys times, Im just interested in the stranger in the lane next to me. When we compare, we want to be the best of our group. Its not be yourself a

27、nd respect others for being genuine, but to win. I want to swim the same workout as you, and beat you at it.In general, however, social comparisons are not associated with life satisfaction or the positive emotions of love and joy but are associated with the negative emotions of fear, anger, shame a

28、nd sadness.Heres what makes all of this really tough: Many social psychologists consider social comparison something that happens to us. More often than not, we dont even know were doing it. This lack of awareness can lead to us showing up in ways that are hurtful to ourselves and others.So we get t

29、o choose how were going to let it affect us. My new strategy is to look at the person in the lane next to me, and say to myself, as if Im talking to them, “Have a great swim.” That way, I acknowledge the inevitable and make a conscious decision to wish them well, and return to my swim. So far, its w

30、orking pretty well.8. What do we know about comparison?A. It is nothing but an emotion.B. It is trying to be the true self.C. It is to be different and be the best.D. It is to fit in and meanwhile to win.9. What may be the authors attitude to social comparison?A. Critical.B. Doubtful.C. Indifferent.

31、D. Favorable.10. What is the feature of social comparison in the eyes of many psychologists?A. Its unavoidability.B. Its emotional influence.C. Its uncertainty.D. Its cultural root.11. Why is swimming frequently mentioned in the text?A. To present a social perspective on a sport issue.B. To use it a

32、s an example to support an opinion.C. To describe the right process of solving a problem.D. To show love for sports with a personal experience.【答案】8D9A10A11B【解析】【導語】本文是一篇議論文。文章主要討論了一種普遍的社會現(xiàn)象攀比。8. 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Researchers explain that comparing the self with others, either intentionally or unintention

33、ally, is a common social phenomenon.(研究人員解釋說，有意無意地將自己與他人比較是一種常見的社會現(xiàn)象)”和第三段“Comparison is the desire for consistency from one side and competition from the other its trying to be like everyone else, but better.(比較是一方對一致性的渴望，另一方對競爭的渴望它試圖像其他人一樣，但更好)”可知，比較是融入社會，同時取得勝利。故選D。9. 判斷推理題。根據(jù)第四段“In general, howe

34、ver, social comparisons are not associated with life satisfaction or the positive emotions of love and joy but are associated with the negative emotions of fear, anger, shame and sadness.(然而，一般來說，社會比較與生活滿意度或愛和喜悅等積極情緒無關，但與恐懼、憤怒、羞恥和悲傷等消極情緒有關)”可知，攀比會產生負面情緒。下段還提到這種社會攀比心理不可避免地發(fā)生。所以推斷作者對攀比的態(tài)度是批判的。故選A。10.

35、細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“Many social psychologists consider social comparison something that happens to us. More often than not, we dont even know were doing it.(許多社會心理學家認為社會比較是發(fā)生在我們身上的事情)”可知，在許多心理學家看來，社會比較的特征是它的不可避免性。故選A。11. 推理判斷題。根據(jù)全篇可知作者討論了攀比這一社會現(xiàn)象，分析了它的本質，特點，影響，以及就其不可避免性該如何應對的方法。全篇多處提到游泳，是用自己的經歷當作例子生動形象地來證明觀

36、點。故選B。A race is on in solar engineering to create almost impossibly-thin, flexible solar panels. Stanford University researchers announced they have achieved record efficiencies in a promising class of new materials which can be thinner than a piece of paper.According to the study published in the j

37、ournal Nature Communications, it uses a new material called “transition metal dichalcogenides” (TMDs). They absorb incredibly high volumes of sunlight that reach their surface compared to other solar materials.“Imagine an autonomous drone (無人機) that powers itself with a solar panel atop its wing tha

38、t is less than six micrometers thick.” said Koosha Nassiri Nazif, co-lead author of the study.Slimming down is necessary because the king of solar materials, silicon, is much too heavy, large and rigid for applications where flexibility, lightweight and high power are important and excellent.While T

39、MDs hold great promise, research experiments to date have struggled to change more than 2% of the sunlight they absorb into electricity. But the scientists believe they could practically reach 27% efficiency with electrical improvements. That would be comparable with todays top solar panels, silicon

40、 included.Nazif told Forbes that the new materials are great candidates for next-generation electronics and solar cells. Chipmakers like Intel and the Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company are already considering TMDs for their future technology. They could be used in a variety of mobile applic

41、ations, including self-powered wearable devices and sensors, as well as giving a boost to lightweight airplanes and electric cars.The ultra-thinness does come with engineering challenges, primarily in mass production. When transferring such a layer of TMD to a flexible, supporting material, the TMD

42、layer is frequently damaged.But the team thinks it is possible to overcome these challenges. Should they succeed, it could change solar power as we know it. “Silicon makes up 95 percent of the solar market today.” Nazif told Forbes. “This is why we arent seeing these applications for solar cells tod

43、ay; TMDs are going to change the landscape.”12. What is the biggest advantage of TMDs now?A. They have the quality of remarkable thinness.B. They can efficiently turn sunlight into energy.C. They are comparable to top silicon panels.D. They have excellent ability to reflect sunlight.13. What does Na

44、zif stress in paragraph 6?A. The appeal of TMDs to chipmakers.B. The expectation for future tech.C. The wide applications of solar energy.D. The future prospects of TMDs.14. What can we expect of new solar panels in the future?A. They could power all mobile devices.B. They could be a competitive alt

45、ernative.C. They will revolutionize the energy market.D. They will be produced on a large scale soon.15. Which of the following is the best title of this passage?A. Most Efficient Solar Panels Have Hit the Market.B. Stanford Scientists Develop a New Green Material.C. TMDs Could Be Used for Lightweig

46、ht Solar Panels.D. Challenges Are to Be Overcome to Promote TMDs.【答案】12A13D14B15C【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了斯坦福大學的研究人員研究出一種新的超輕超薄太陽能材料TMDs，它可廣泛應用于未來各種超輕設備，給太陽能市場帶來翻天覆地的變化。12. 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段內容“Stanford University researchers announced they have achieved record efficiencies in a promising class of new mate

47、rials which can be thinner than a piece of paper.(斯坦福大學的研究人員宣布，他們在一類很有前景的新材料方面取得了創(chuàng)紀錄的效率這種材料可以比一張紙還薄。)”，第三段內容“Imagine an autonomous drone that powers itself with a solar panel atop its wing that is less than six micrometers thick.(想象一下，一架自主無人機通過機翼頂部厚度不到6微米的太陽能電池板為自己供電。)”可知，文章中著重強調了新材料TMDs的“薄”，由此可知，其最

48、大的優(yōu)勢是其超薄性。故選A項。13. 主旨大意題。分析第六段內容可知，第六段首句內容為該段的核心內容，“Nazif told Forbes that the new materials are great candidates for next-generation electronics and solar cells.(Nazif告訴福布斯，這種新材料是下一代電子產品和太陽能電池的最佳候選材料。)”，且在后文舉出兩個芯片公司的做法以及新材料可能被廣泛應用的領域作為例證，因此，在該段中，Nazif強調了TMDs將成為下一代電子產品和太陽能電池的最佳候選材料，即TMDs的未來前景。故選D項。1

49、4. 推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章末尾段內容“Should they succeed, it could change solar power as we know it. Silicon makes up 95 percent of the solar market today. Nazif told Forbes. This is why we arent seeing these applications for solar cells today; TMDs are going to change the landscape.(如果他們成功了，這可能會改變我們所知道的太陽能?！肮枵籍斀裉柲苁?/p>

50、場的95%?！盢azif告訴福布斯?！斑@就是為什么我們今天看不到太陽能電池的這些應用；TMD將改變局面?！?”可知，當今市場由于硅占比95%，導致太陽能電池無法有一些更普及的應用，而TMDs的研發(fā)，將會使新的太陽能電池板應用有所改變，有更廣泛的應用，由此可推知，新的太陽能電池板可能是一個有競爭力的選擇。故選B項。15. 主旨大意題。根據(jù)全文可知，文章首段內容“Stanford University researchers announced they have achieved record efficiencies in a promising class of new materials

51、which can be thinner than a piece of paper.(斯坦福大學的研究人員宣布，他們在一類很有前景的新材料方面取得了創(chuàng)紀錄的效率這種材料可以比一張紙還薄。)”為主題句，即，文章主要強調了新太陽能材料TMDs的超輕超薄特點，選項C“TMDs Could Be Used for Lightweight Solar Panels.(TMDs可以用于輕型太陽能電池板。)”貼合主題。故選C項。二、七選五The best thing you can do for yourself is to try to be a better person and to conscio

52、usly improve yourself and your life. Choosing to “be better” will not only make you feel better, but will also bring better people, opportunities, and possibilities into your life. Here are some ways to become a better person._16_ Admit the good, the bad, and the ugly and embrace it. In order to imp

53、rove as a person, you first have to be really aware of who you are and who you are not.We are not saying that you should give superficial compliments (贊美), we are saying that you should really compliment someone for something they do or who they are. _17_ And this little gift will make a difference

54、in their lives.Surprise your friends, your partner, or your children. No matter how old we are, we all love surprises good ones, of course. And it doesnt have to be a big gesture, sometimes a simple message, card, or letter is enough. Be creative!Creating something that other people can benefit from

55、 is priceless. Whether craft or business, whether blog or book, whether special food or an entire restaurant. _18_19_ Give up bad habits and replace them with good ones. If you cant give up your bad habits right away, start small until you can really get rid of them.Is there a person that hurt you i

56、n the past, and you still are mad at the person or dont talk to him or her? _20_ Can we develop compassion in any form by dealing with it?A. Lots of people want to feel valued.B. One mans meat is another mans poison.C. Smoking, gossiping, or judging please dont!D. Can we leave behind the pain or mis

57、understanding?E. To become a better person, one must always be true to oneself.F. Can you give a hand to people that you are not so familiar with?G. Keep thinking about how you can add value to your community.【答案】16E17A18G19C20D【解析】【導語】這是一篇應用文。文章指出成為更好的人好處良多，并給出了一些具體方法。16. 文章第一段以“Here are some ways

58、to become a better person.(這里是一些成為更好的人的方法)”可知，接下來的段落都是如何成為更好的人的不同方法。本段缺少主題句，空白后的兩句話“Admit the good, the bad, and the ugly and embrace it. In order to improve as a person, you first have to be really aware of who you are and who you are not.(承認好的、壞的以及丑陋的一面并坦然接受。為了成為更好的人，你首先必須真正意識到自己是怎樣的人、不是怎樣的人)”可知，本

59、段的主題是承認自己、接納自己，E選項“要成為一個更好的人，就必須總是忠實于自己”符合這一主題，適合作為主題句。故選E項。17. 由空白前句“We are not saying that you should give superficial compliments (贊美), we are saying that you should really compliment someone for something they do or who they are. (我們并不是說你應該給出膚淺的贊美，我們是說你應該為某些人做的事或他們的為人而真心贊美他們)”推知本段主題是真心贊美他人。A選項“許

60、多人都想感受到被尊重”承接前文，且與下一句中的this little gift對應。故選A項。18. 本段主題為“創(chuàng)造一些其他人能從中受益的東西是無價的”，空白前句列舉了“Whether craft or business, whether blog or book, whether special food or an entire restaurant.(無論是一門手藝或生意，博客或書籍，還是特色食品或一家飯店)”，G選項“保持思考你怎樣能給社區(qū)增加價值”中的add value to your community正對應了列舉的這些例子的作用，切合段落主題。故選G項。19. 由空白后句“Gi