初中英語句子結(jié)構(gòu)講稿

1、關(guān)于初中英語句子結(jié)構(gòu)課件第一張，PPT共九十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月句子成份 句子一般由兩個部分組成：主語部分（ subject group）謂語部分（ predicate group） 句子成份：主謂賓表補定狀第二張，PPT共九十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月Members of sentence: S - subjectP - predicative O - objectAttri.-attributeAdv.- adverb Oc - object complement 主賓表補定狀第三張，PPT共九十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月1) 主語（subject）I like football.T

2、he boy needs a pen. 句子的主體，全句述說的對象。一般由 擔(dān)任,常置于句首。2) 謂語（predicate）說明主語的動作或狀態(tài)。由 擔(dān)任。常置于主語后。 The train leaves at 6 oclock.I want a ticket.,動詞不定式, 動名詞 或從句名詞,主格代詞動詞第四張，PPT共九十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月1.During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular. 2.We often speak English in class. 3.One-thi

3、rd of the students in this class are girls.4.To swim in the river is a great pleasure.5.Smoking does harm to the health. 6.The rich should help the poor. 第五張，PPT共九十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月7.When we are going to have an English test has not been decided. 8.It is necessary to master a foreign language.（主語從句）（it作

4、形式主語，真正的主語為后面的不定式）第六張，PPT共九十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月（三）謂語 2、復(fù)合謂語：（1）由情態(tài)動詞加動詞原形構(gòu)成。如： You may keep the book for two weeks. （2）由助動詞加動詞原形,現(xiàn)在分詞,過去分詞構(gòu)成。如： Do you speak English？ They are working in a field. He has caught a bad cold. （3）由系動詞加表語構(gòu)成。如： We are students.注意：謂語與主語在人稱與數(shù)方面要保持一致。第七張，PPT共九十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月3) 賓語（obj

5、ect）4) 表語（predicative）He won the game. 表示vt.的動作對象或prep.所聯(lián)系的對象。由n.或相當(dāng)于n.的詞擔(dān)任。置于vt.或prep.后。Tome lost his life in the big fire.He is a student.用以表述主語的特征、狀態(tài)、身份等。由n.或adj.擔(dān)任。置于系動詞之后。表語一般由名詞、代詞、形容詞、數(shù)詞、 副詞、不定式、動名詞、分詞、介詞短語及表語從句表示。例如： 第八張，PPT共九十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月（五）賓語 賓語（Object）表示動作的對象或承愛者，一般位于及物動詞和介詞后面。例如： 1.He i

6、s doing his homework.2.The heavy rain prevented me from coming to school on time.3.How many dictionaries do you have? I have five.（名詞）（代詞、動名詞）（名詞、數(shù)詞）第九張，PPT共九十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月4.They helped the old with their housework yesterday.5.He pretended not to see me.6.I enjoy listening to popular music.7.I think

7、（that）he is fit for his office.（名詞化形容詞，名詞）（不定式短語）（動名詞短語）（賓語從句）第十張，PPT共九十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月賓語種類：（1）雙賓語（間接賓語+直接賓語），例如：Lend me your dictionary, please.To: write, tell, pass, give, send, promise, show, hand, read, tell, bring, throw等，例如： He sent the novel to William yesterday.For: leave, buy, build, choose,

8、cook, draw, find, get, order, post, save等，例如： She bought a gift for her mother.（2）復(fù)合賓語（賓語+賓補），例如：They elected him their monitor.第十一張，PPT共九十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月下列動詞只能接動名詞做賓語 admit, avoid, advise, consider, enjoy, excuse, escape, finish, imagine, mind, practise, suggest等，如： John has admitted breaking the win

9、dow .第十二張，PPT共九十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月下列動詞既可接不定式，也可接動名詞做賓語，但意義不同，如mean, try, remember, forget, regret等。forget to do表示“未發(fā)生的動作”，forget doing表示“已完成的動作”。如：Dont forget to come here earlier tomorrow.(還沒來)I forgot returning the book to him.(書已還給他了)第十三張，PPT共九十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月除了be 系動詞外，還有一些動詞也可以用作系動詞，1)表感官的動詞:2) 表轉(zhuǎn)變變化的動

10、詞:3)表延續(xù)的動詞feel, smell, taste, sound, look, appear, seem 等。become, get, grow, turn, go,等remain, keep, hold, stay, rest等。第十四張，PPT共九十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月注意：系動詞（Linking verb)用于連接主語和表語，說明主語的狀態(tài)，性質(zhì)特征和身份等。1）狀態(tài)系動詞用來表示主語狀態(tài)，只有be一詞，例如： He is a teacher. 2）持續(xù)系動詞用來表示主語繼續(xù)或保持一種狀況或態(tài)度，主要有keep, remain, stay, lie, stand, 例如：He

11、 always kept silent at meeting.3）表像系動詞用來表示“看起來像”這一概念，主要有seem, appear, look, 例如：He seems (to be) very sad.第十五張，PPT共九十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月注意：系動詞（Linking verb)用于連接主語和表語，說明主語的狀態(tài)，性質(zhì)特征和身份等。4）感官系動詞主要有feel, smell, sound, taste, 例如：This kind of cloth feels very soft. 5）變化系動詞表示主語變成什么樣，主要有become, grow, turn, fall, ge

12、t, go, come, run.例如：The river was beginning to run dry. 6）終止系動詞表示主語已終止動作，主要有prove, turn out, 表達(dá)結(jié)果是;證明是 ，之意，例如：The rumor proved false. His plan turned out a success.第十六張，PPT共九十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月1.Our teacher of English is an American.（名詞）2.Is it yours?（代詞）3.The weather has turned cold.（形容詞）4.The speech is

13、 exciting.（分詞）5.Three times seven is twenty one?（數(shù)詞）第十七張，PPT共九十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月6.His job is to teach English.（不定式）7.His hobby is playing football.（動名詞）8.The meeting is of great importance.（介詞短語）9.Time is up. The class is over.（副詞）10.The truth is that he has never been abroad.（表語從句）第十八張，PPT共九十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022

14、年6月5) 賓補（objective complement） 補充說明賓語的情況 。由n. /adj. /介賓 /分詞 /不定式等擔(dān)任。They made him king. I consider the book too expensive. 6) 定語（attributive）對名詞或代詞起修飾、限定作用的詞、短語或句子，漢語中常用的表示,通常位于被修飾的成分前。The black bike is mine.( )第十九張，PPT共九十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月（六）賓語補足語 賓語補足語（Object Complement），用于補充說明賓語的動作，一般位于賓語之后，賓語與賓語補足語一起

15、構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語。需接復(fù)合賓語的動詞有：tell，let，help，teach， ask，see，have，order，make等?！百e補”一般可由名詞、形容詞、副詞、不定式、分詞、介詞短語和從句充當(dāng)。例如：第二十張，PPT共九十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月1.His father named him Xiaoming.2.They painted their boat white.3.Let the fresh air in.4.You mustnt force him to lend his money to you.5.We saw her entering the room.6.We fou

16、nd everything in the lab in good order.7.We will soon make our city what your city is now.（名詞）（形容詞）（副詞）（不定式短語）（現(xiàn)在分詞）（介詞短語）（從句）第二十一張，PPT共九十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月說明1：當(dāng)定語修飾不定代詞如：nothing , anything , everything , something 等時，定語要放在其后作后置定語 我告訴他一些有趣的事情。 I tell him something interesting . 說明2：不定式、短語或從句作定語時，也放在被修飾的名

17、詞之后。 這間屋子里的男孩子們是10班的。 The boys in the room are in Class Ten. 第二十二張，PPT共九十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月（七）定語 修飾名詞或代詞的詞、短語或從句稱為定語(Attribute)。定語可由以下等成分表示：1.Guilin is a beautiful city.（形容詞）2.China is a developing country; America is a developed country.（分詞） 3.There are thirty women teachers in our school.（名詞）4.His rapi

18、d progress in English made us surprised.（代詞）第二十三張，PPT共九十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月5.Our monitor is always the first to enter the classroom.（不定式短語）6.The teaching plan for next term has been worked out.（動名詞）7.He is reading an article about how to learn English.（介詞短語）8.She is the girl who sings best in my class. (定

19、語從句)第二十四張，PPT共九十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月7) 狀語（adverbial）用以修飾adj. /v. /adv.及全句,位置靈活。通常在句子基本結(jié)構(gòu)之后，強調(diào)時放在句首；修飾形容詞或副詞時，通常位于被修飾的詞之前；表示時間、地點、目的的狀語一般位于句子兩頭，強調(diào)時放在句首，一些表示不確定時間（如：often）或程度（如：almost）的副詞狀語通常位于be動詞、助動詞、情態(tài)動詞之后，動詞之前。I am very sorry.We often help him. When I grow up , I am going to be a teacher . （從句作時間狀語) 第二十五

20、張，PPT共九十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月（八）狀語 修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞或整個句子，說明動作或狀態(tài)特征的句子成分，叫做狀語（Adverbial）?？捎梢韵滦问奖硎?：1.Light travels most quickly.2.He has lived in the city for ten years. 3.He is proud to have passed the national college entrance examination.（副詞及副詞性詞組）（介詞短語）（不定式短語）第二十六張，PPT共九十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月9種狀語種類如下： 1. How about me

21、eting again at six?2.Last night she didnt go to the dance party because of the rain.3.I shall go there if it doesnt rain. 4.Mr Smith lives on the third floor. 5.She put the eggs into the basket with great care.（時間狀語）（原因狀語）（條件狀語）（地點狀語）（方式狀語）第二十七張，PPT共九十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月 She came in with a dictionary in h

22、er hand.6.In order to catch up with the others, I must work harder. 7.He was so tired that he fell asleep immediately. 8.She works very hard though she is old.9.I am taller than he is.（伴隨狀語）（目的狀語）（結(jié)果狀語）（讓步狀語）（比較狀語）第二十八張，PPT共九十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月 （九）同位語（Appositive）對前面的名詞或代詞做進(jìn)一步的解釋，通常由名詞、數(shù)詞、代詞或從句擔(dān)任，如：This i

23、s Mr. Zhou, our headmaster.（十）插入語（Parenthesis）對一句話做一些附加的解釋，通常有to be honest , I think (suppose, believe-)等，如：To be frank, I dont quite agree with you.第二十九張，PPT共九十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月四、選擇填空：( )1. _ will leave for Beijing.A. Now there the man B. The man here nowC. The man who is here now D. The man is here no

24、w( ) 2. The weather _.A. wet and cold B. is wet and coldC. not wet and coldD. were wet and cold( ) 3. The apple tasted _.A. sweets B. sweetly C. nicely D. sweet第三十張，PPT共九十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月( ) 4. He got up _ yesterday morning.A. lately B. late C. latest D. latter( )5. The actor _at the age of 70.A. dead

25、B. died C. dyed D. dying( )6. _ were all very tired, but none of _ would stop to take a rest.A. We, us B. Us, we C. We, our D. We, we第三十一張，PPT共九十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月( )7. He found the street much _.A. crowd B. crowding C. crowded D. crowdedly( ) 8.I think _necessary to learn English well.A. its B. it C. th

26、at D. that is第三十二張，PPT共九十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月( ) 9. The dog _ mad.A. looks B. is looked C. is being looked D. was looked( )10.I will never forget the day _ I joined the army.A. that B. when C. in which D. where第三十三張，PPT共九十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月句子成分詳解表句子成分意義充當(dāng)詞類例句主語表示句子說的是什么人或什么事名，代，數(shù)，不定式，動名詞，短語或句子We study in HuangQ

27、iao Middle School.謂語說明主語做什么，是什么或怎么樣動詞或動詞詞組She is dancing under the tree.賓語表示動作行為的對象同主語Both of us like English.表語與聯(lián)系動詞連用，一起構(gòu)成謂語，說明主語的性質(zhì)或特征同主語Her father is a chemist.His words sound reasonable.定語用來修飾名詞或代詞形，代，數(shù)，名, 副，介詞短語或句子We have eight lessons every day.狀語修飾動詞，形容詞，副詞，表示動作發(fā)生的時間，地點，原因，目的，方式，結(jié)果等副詞，介詞短語或句

28、子He works very hard.They held a party in Hollywood.賓語補足語邏輯上與賓語是主謂關(guān)系形容詞，名詞，介詞短語等She always keeps the house clean.主語謂語是基礎(chǔ)，賓表定狀補輔助。賓主來自名代數(shù)，動詞作謂不可無！第三十四張，PPT共九十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月句子類型簡單句并列句復(fù)合句第三十五張，PPT共九十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月.簡單句1. Things changed.2. Trees are green.3. We dont beat children.4. He gave his sister the p

29、iano.5. I found the book easy. 主 + 謂主 + 謂 + 表主 + 謂 + 賓主 + 謂 + 間接賓語 + 直接賓語 主 + 謂 + 賓 + 賓補第三十六張，PPT共九十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月Nobody went.She became a doctor.The car caught fire.I will write you a long letter.I will let him go. Practice 主 + 謂主 + 謂 + 表主 + 謂 + 賓主 + 謂 + 間接賓語 + 直接賓語主 + 謂 + 賓 + 賓補第三十七張，PPT共九十六頁，創(chuàng)作于20

30、22年6月.并列句This is me and these are my friends. They must stay in water, or they will die. Its not cheap, but it is very good. It was late, so I went to bed. andorbut soHe knocked at the door; there was no answer.Youre alive! And shes dead.第三十八張，PPT共九十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月 并列句1.并列關(guān)系并列句連詞有：and, not onlybut als

31、o, neithernor2.轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系并列句連詞有：but, yet, however3.選擇關(guān)系并列句連詞有：or., eitheror.4.因果關(guān)系并列句連詞有：for, so, therefore第三十九張，PPT共九十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月例句并列關(guān)系：I hope him and he help me轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系：He tried open the door, but he couldnt 選擇關(guān)系：Either you are foolish or he is因果關(guān)系：the students are on holidays, therefore you can see them

32、today。第四十張，PPT共九十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月名詞性從句狀語從句定語從句主語從句表語從句賓語從句同位語從句.復(fù)合句A plane is a machine that can fly.He said that he didnt like her.第四十一張，PPT共九十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月 主語從句名詞性的從句可作句子主語，這種從句稱為主語從句。主語從句的引導(dǎo)詞通常有who whom when where why what how which whose whether等，主語從句的引導(dǎo)詞不能省略，由從句做主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式What I said is importa

33、nt to youHow to get there is still not decideWhether to do it or not is what we will discuss tomorrow是否做那件事是我們每天將要討論的事第四十二張，PPT共九十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月說明：主語從句可以直接放在主語位置，也可用it作做形式主語1.That light travels in straight lines is known to all It is known to all that light travels in straight lines 眾所周知，光是以直線運行2.Whe

34、n the plane is to take off has not been announced It has not been announced when the plane is to take off 飛機什么時候起飛還沒有公布第四十三張，PPT共九十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月1.It is +形容詞+從句2.It is necessary that有必要3.It is clear that. 很清楚4.It is (un) likely that 很可能5.It is important that主要的是.第四十四張，PPT共九十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月1.It is +過去分詞

35、+從句2.It is said that據(jù)說.3.It is reported that 據(jù)報道.4.It has been proved that.已證明 5.It must be pointed out that必須指出第四十五張，PPT共九十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月定語從句定語從句又稱關(guān)系從句：在主句中相當(dāng)于一個定語，只不過這個定語是一個句子定語從句可以修飾一個名詞，代詞，或一個句子，被修飾的詞叫現(xiàn)行詞，從句在其后，由關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系副詞引出關(guān)系代詞有：that. Which, who, whom, whose等關(guān)系副詞有：when , where , whyThe man who wro

36、te this book in famous scientist 先行詞 關(guān)系代詞 (定語)The village where I was born has grown into a town(先行詞) 關(guān)系代詞 (定語)第四十六張，PPT共九十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月that 關(guān)系代詞與先行詞的關(guān)系限制性定語從句 先行詞 關(guān)系代詞主語 關(guān)系代詞賓語 關(guān)系代詞所有格代替人 who/that which/that whom/that which/that that whose=of whom代替物 whose=of which 代替人 和物 代替人代替物 代替人和物 非限制性定語從句代替人和物

37、代替前一句話which whichwhosewhich第四十七張，PPT共九十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月關(guān)系副詞與先行詞的關(guān)系先行詞 關(guān)系副詞 在從句中作用時間名詞 when=at,on,in, 時間狀語 during / which地點名詞 where=in, at/which地點狀語只有reasonwhy=for which原因狀語例句說明（在定語從句中，關(guān)系詞在句中一 定要擔(dān)任成分） 第四十八張，PPT共九十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句John is the girl who/that was injured in the accident （先行詞） （關(guān)系代詞）（

38、 關(guān)系代詞在從句中作主語）He found the watch which/that he had lost （先行詞） （關(guān)系代詞） （ 關(guān)系代詞在從句中作賓語）The man whom/that you saw just now is our manager 先行詞 關(guān)系代詞 （ 關(guān)系代詞在從句中作賓語）The house which/that was damaged in the fire will be rebuilt 先行詞 關(guān)系代詞 （ 關(guān)系代詞在從句中作主語）第四十九張，PPT共九十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月Is there anyone whose name is wangli

39、? 先行詞 關(guān)系代詞 ( 關(guān)系代詞在從句中作主語）The building whose roof we can see form here is （先行詞） （關(guān)系代詞）（ 關(guān)系代詞在從句中作賓語）She is no longer the girl that she was in her childhood 先行詞 關(guān)系代詞（ 關(guān)系代詞在從句中作表語，只能用that連接）There is not an easy question that you think it to be （ 先行詞） （關(guān)系代詞） （ 關(guān)系代詞在從句中作表語，只能用that連接）第五十張，PPT共九十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022

40、年6月注意的問題One of+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+關(guān)系從句的結(jié)構(gòu)中，關(guān)系分詞的謂語有兩種形式先行詞為復(fù)數(shù)，從句謂語用復(fù)數(shù)Tom is one of those women, who like to play bridge當(dāng)one之前有the only/right/very等修飾詞時，從句謂語根據(jù)one而定，用單復(fù)數(shù)形式He is the only one of the boys who likes to go to the theatre第五十一張，PPT共九十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞前有介詞時，只能用關(guān)系代詞whom,或which而不能用thatThe book from which(不能

41、用that) I got a lot of useful information 先行詞 介詞 關(guān)系代詞was written by a famous scientist（關(guān)系代詞which在從句中作介詞from的賓語）Tom is the boy with whom (不用that) you were talk a moment ago 先行詞 介詞 關(guān)系代詞（ 關(guān)系代詞在從句中作介詞的賓語）注：當(dāng)介詞位于從句句末時，關(guān)系代詞仍可用that也可省去 第五十二張，PPT共九十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月上兩句可改為：The book that/which I got a lot of usefu

42、l information from was written by a famous scientistTom is the boy that/whom you were talking with a moment ago第五十三張，PPT共九十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月 關(guān)系副詞在定語從句中的應(yīng)用1. I shall never forget the day when (on which) new china was founded 先行詞 關(guān)系代詞（ 關(guān)系代詞在從句中作時間的狀語）2. He came at a time when (at which) we were in need of

43、 help 先行詞 關(guān)系代詞 關(guān)系代詞在從句中作時間的狀語)3. The school where (in which )I work is not far from here 先行詞 關(guān)系代詞 （ 關(guān)系代詞在從句中擔(dān)地點狀語）4. Is this the place where (at which )that traffic accident happened? 先行詞 關(guān)系代詞 關(guān)系代詞在從句中擔(dān)地點狀語5.He didnt give the reason why (for which) he was absent yesterday. （先行詞） （關(guān)系代詞） （ 關(guān)系代詞在從句中擔(dān)原因

44、狀語）6.The reason why (for which )he missed the bus was that he got up late 先行詞 關(guān)系代詞 關(guān)系代詞在從句中擔(dān)原因狀語第五十四張，PPT共九十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月 非限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句由關(guān)系代詞which, who ,whose, where, when引出，而從句的兩面都用逗號與主句隔開，關(guān)系代詞that不能引起非限制性定語從句名詞、代詞+of+ which+ whom引起的定語從句表示部分與整體的關(guān)系There are many forms of energy, each of which is u

45、seful for us非限制性定語從句修飾整個主句總是位于句末，用逗號與主句隔開He missed the train ,which annoyed him very much（先行詞） （關(guān)系代詞）（ 關(guān)系代詞在從句中作主語）The sun heats the earth ,which makes it possible for plants to grow （先行詞）（關(guān)系代詞）（ 關(guān)系代詞在從句中作主語）注：關(guān)系代詞which有時可以用來指代主句的一部分Tom can write a letter in Chinese , which Mary can not （先行詞） （關(guān)系代詞）

46、（ 關(guān)系代詞在從句中擔(dān)方式狀語）第五十五張，PPT共九十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月試比較：July is the month when we have a lot of rain （先行詞）（關(guān)系代詞）（ 關(guān)系代詞在從句中擔(dān)狀語）The meeting will be put off till next month ,when we will have made all the preparations （先行詞）（關(guān)系代詞） （ 關(guān)系代詞在從句中擔(dān)狀語）I want to buy the house which(=that) has a garden (先行詞）（關(guān)系代詞）（ 關(guān)系代詞在從句

47、中擔(dān)主語）I want to buy the house, which(不等于that) has a garden（先行詞）（關(guān)系代詞） （ 關(guān)系代詞在從句中擔(dān)主語）第五十六張，PPT共九十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月注：在定語從句中，同樣的先行詞，由于在從句中 擔(dān)任的作用不同，須選用不同的關(guān)系詞1.This is the place where I spent my childhood （先行詞）（關(guān)系代詞）（ 關(guān)系代詞在從句中擔(dān)地點狀語）2.This is the place, which I visited last summer （先行詞）（關(guān)系代詞）（ 關(guān)系代詞在從句中擔(dān)賓語）3.Th

48、e reason which he gave was unacceptable （先行詞）（關(guān)系代詞）（ 關(guān)系代詞在從句中擔(dān)賓語）4.The reason why he did that was unacceptable （先行詞）（關(guān)系代詞）（ 關(guān)系代詞在從句中擔(dān)原因狀語）第五十七張，PPT共九十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月 同位語從句1.同位語從句用于表示名詞的內(nèi)容,對其加以解釋,能跟有同位語從句 的,通常是具有引導(dǎo)內(nèi)容的名詞,在從句中不擔(dān)任成分，常見的有： fact, idea, news, hope, evidence, suggestion, order, problemThe doc

49、tors came to the conclusion that the patient was suffering from cancerThe discovery that every heavenly body has gravity was made by Newton同位語從句通常由that引出，但隨著與其同位的名詞不同也可由 whether, when, where, how, what, why引出They are faced with the problem whether they should continue the workI have no idea when he

50、will return第五十八張，PPT共九十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月有時同位語從句不是緊跟名詞后，而是被其它詞隔開An idea occurred him that he might borrow the money from his father 發(fā)生 ，出現(xiàn)They heard the news on the radio yesterday that a typhoon was coming第五十九張，PPT共九十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月 定語從句和同位語從句的區(qū)別從結(jié)構(gòu)上看：同位語由連接詞引導(dǎo)。在從句中不擔(dān)任何成分， 定語從句的關(guān)系詞在從中擔(dān)任某個成分。The idea that

51、one can do the work without thinking is wrong(同位語從句that在從句中不擔(dān)當(dāng)任何成分)The idea that you put forward at the meeting is wrong(定語從句that在從句中擔(dān)任賓語)第六十張，PPT共九十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月表語從句表語從句的結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+連系動詞+表語從句常用的連系動詞有:be, seen, remain, look等My idea is that this plan should be carried out immediately我的建議是這個計劃應(yīng)該立即執(zhí)行The ques

52、tion remains whether we should accept their invitation問題仍然是我們是否應(yīng)該接受他們的邀請It looks that (as if) it is going to rain看起來天要下雨第六十一張，PPT共九十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月 where why how引導(dǎo)的從句作this is或that is的表語時， 它們通常不含有疑問意義,而是分別表示具體的地點， 原因.方式.翻譯That is why we called off the meeting這就是我們?nèi)∠麜h的原因This is how we did it我們就用這種方式做的注

53、:主語是reason的表語從句用that引導(dǎo),不要用becauseThe reason (why) he was late was that he missed the bus第六十二張，PPT共九十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月 賓語從句充當(dāng)賓語的從句，叫賓語從句。賓語從句可作動詞賓語， 介詞賓語，和某些形容詞的賓語一.作動詞賓語Everybody knows that goods takes up the room(由連詞引導(dǎo))He wondered how the building were built(由連接副詞引導(dǎo))常跟連接詞that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句的動詞有：Admit agree ans

54、wer believe command complain confess Decide demand deny doubt dream expect explain feel hearHope imagine intend insist know mean notice prefer order Propose reply report request require say see suggest suppose think urge (激勵) wish understand第六十三張，PPT共九十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月常跟疑問代詞who whom疑問副詞when where why h

55、ow whether if 引導(dǎo)賓語從句的動詞有：Advise ask discover discuss doubt find out imagine inquire(詢問) know question show tell understand wonderA. tell/inform/remind/show/teach+間接賓語+賓語從句”結(jié)構(gòu) He told me where he lived B. advise/ask/ assure/promise/question/warn等+間接賓語+ 賓語從句+結(jié)構(gòu)中，間接賓語可省略 I promised (him) that I would g

56、ive him more help 我對他的保證將給他更多的幫助第六十四張，PPT共九十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月作介詞賓語:This depends on how hard you work這取決于你的工作的如何努力Is there anything wrong in what I said?A. that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句只限做介詞in except but beside 的賓語從句Men different from brutes in that they can speak and think人和獸類的區(qū)別在于他們有語言和思想The meal was very good except th

57、at the fish was a bit too salty除了魚有點咸，這頓是、很好的I would have helped you but that I was so busy then若不是工作忙，我本來時幫助你的第六十五張，PPT共九十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月B “介詞+it+ that“結(jié)構(gòu)You may depend on it that they will support you你放心,他們會支持你的Ill see to it that everything is ready in time我將負(fù)責(zé)按時做好一切準(zhǔn)備C 動詞+it+ that 結(jié)構(gòu)I take it that

58、they will succeed我想他們會成功的The newspapers have it that firm is almost bankrupt據(jù)報道那家公司幾乎破產(chǎn)第六十六張，PPT共九十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月D be+形容詞+that 結(jié)構(gòu)類似形容詞有:sure certain afraid confident等They are confident that they can do the job I am not certain whether (if) the train will arrive on time我沒有把握火車是否轉(zhuǎn)時達(dá)到第六十七張，PPT共九十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2

59、022年6月賓語從句否定意義的轉(zhuǎn)移在think believe suppose expect等動詞后跟的賓語中，如果從句謂語動詞是否定的一般要將否定詞not轉(zhuǎn)移到主句謂語動詞上而將從句變?yōu)榭隙ㄐ问絀 dont think he has time to play chess with you 我沒想到他有時間和你下棋I dont suppose it is the rush hour yet我認(rèn)為現(xiàn)在還未到（交通）高峰時間第六十八張，PPT共九十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月賓語從句的時態(tài)呼應(yīng): 賓語從句的時態(tài)是在主句的時態(tài)其礎(chǔ)上向前推進(jìn)一個時態(tài). 如:主句為過去時,從句要用過去完成時,若從句表示的

60、客觀真理或自然觀念,其謂語時態(tài)仍用一般現(xiàn)在時.He said that he had left his umbrella in the library. 他說把傘忘在圖書館里了.The teacher told the students that the pacific ocean is the largest Ocean in the world.老師告訴學(xué)生,太平洋是世界上最大的海洋.第六十九張，PPT共九十六頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月插入疑問句.練習(xí)，就劃線部分提問，再理解1.I think that John will arrive at 5 oclock When do you thi