高中英語北師大版高中必修2GrammarSummarySectionⅢGrammar教案

1、Section Grammar限制性和非限制性定語從句語 境 自 主 領 悟先觀察原句后自主感悟1.This gift was the Amber Room，which was given this name because several tons of amber were used to make it.2.The amber which was selected had a beautiful yellowbrown colour like honey.3.This was a time when the two countries were at war.4.However，the

2、next King of Prussia，F(xiàn)rederick William，to whom the amber room belonged，decided not to keep it.5.Later，Catherine had the Amber Room moved to a palace outside St Petersburg where she spent her summers.1.例句1中的which引導的是非限制性定語從句，先行詞為the Amber Room；例句4中的to whom為“介詞關系代詞” 引導的是非限制性定語從句，先行詞為Frederick William。

3、2.例句2中的which引導的是限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞The amber；例句3中when引導的是限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞a time；例句5中where引導的是限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞a palace。3.在形式上非限制性定語從句與限制性定語從句的區(qū)別在于：關系詞前是否有逗號。定語從句的種類根據(jù)定語從句與先行詞之間關系的緊密程度，我們將定語從句分為限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句兩種。1限制性定語從句限制性定語從句是先行詞在意義上不可缺少的定語，用于修飾和限定先行詞。如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整。這種從句和主句的關系十分密切，兩者之間不用逗號分開；關系代詞在從句中作賓語時可以省略。引

4、導限制性定語從句的關系代詞有who，whom，whose，that，which，as；關系副詞有where，when，why。This is the computer (that/which) he bought for his son yesterday.這是他昨天為兒子買的電腦。I will show you to the supermarket where you can find everything you want.我?guī)闳ヒ患页校谀抢锬隳苷业侥阆胍囊磺袞|西。2非限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句和主句的關系不是十分密切，只是對先行詞或主句作些附加說明，如果去掉，主句的意思仍然完

5、整。這種從句和主句之間往往用逗號分開。引導非限制性定語從句的關系詞與引導限制性定語從句的關系詞略有不同。除that和why不能引導非限制性定語從句外，其他都可以。He is English，which I know from his accent.他是英國人，那是我通過他的口音知道的。This is our headmaster，who I think has something important to tell you.這是我們的校長，我認為他有一些重要事情要告訴你。即時訓練1用適當?shù)年P系詞填空Holly，who is from Australia，has a good command o

6、f Chinese.The dictionary，which our teacher bought yesterday，is helpful to us.I am looking forward to the day when my daughter can read this book and know my feelings for her.二、限制性定語從句與非限制性定語從句的區(qū)別1形式不同限制性定語從句和主句之間沒有逗號；非限制性定語從句必須用逗號與主句隔開。Here is the man who has been punished by the boss.這就是那個被老板懲罰的人。(

7、限制性定語從句)The project，which lasted three years，cost no less than $1 billion.這個工程歷時三年，耗資多達十億美元。(非限制性定語從句)2先行詞不同限制性定語從句的先行詞只能是一個名詞或代詞，而非限制性定語從句的先行詞可以是一個詞，也可以是整個主句。試比較：This is the best novel that I have ever read.這是我曾經(jīng)看過的最好的小說。(限制性定語從句，先行詞是novel)The novel，which I read last night，is very interesting.我昨天晚上

8、看過那部小說了，它非常有意思。(非限制性定語從句，先行詞為novel)The novel is very interesting，which makes me very excited.那部小說很有意思，這讓我很興奮。(非限制性定語從句，which指代前面整句話的內(nèi)容)3關系詞的使用情況不同(1)that，why不可用于引導非限制性定語從句指物時要用which代替that，for which代替why。Most people didnt vote for him，which disappointed him.大多數(shù)人沒有投票支持他，這使他感到失望。I have told them the re

9、ason，for which I changed my mind.我已經(jīng)告訴了他們我改變主意的原因。(2)關系代詞替代情況不同關系代詞whom在限制性定語從句中作賓語時可用who代替，但在非限制性定語從句中作賓語時不可用who代替。This is the man (whom/who/that) we are talking about.這就是我們正在談論的那個人。(限制性定語從句)The young man had a new girlfriend，whom he wanted to impress.這位年輕人新交了一個女朋友，他想給她留下印象。(非限制性定語從句)在限制性定語從句中，先行詞指

10、人時可以用that引導，但在非限制性定語從句中先行詞指人時，關系代詞只能用who或whom。She has a younger brother，who is an English teacher.她有一個弟弟，他是一名英語老師。(3)關系代詞省略情況不同關系代詞在限制性定語從句中作賓語時可省略，而非限制性定語從句的所有關系代詞均不可省略。This is a good film (which/that) I saw a few days ago.這是我?guī)滋烨翱催^的一部好影片。(限制性定語從句)The summer holiday，which were looking forward to，is

11、drawing near.我們盼望的暑假就要來了。(非限制性定語從句)即時訓練2用適當?shù)年P系詞填空Until now，we have raised 50，000 pounds for the poor children，which is quite unexpected.The exact year which/that Angela and her family spent together in China was 2023.Can you tell me the reason why he was absent yesterday?三、as和which引導非限制性定語從句時的區(qū)別1as引

12、導非限制性定語從句時，先行詞一般為整個主句；而which引導非限制性定語從句時，先行詞既可以是整個主句，又可以是主句的一部分。As we all know，Lu Xun is a great writer.眾所周知，魯迅是一位偉大的作家。He failed in the experiment，which was unexpected.他實驗失敗了，這是沒有料到的。2as引導的從句位置比較靈活，可位于先行詞之前、之中和之后，而which引導的從句僅能位于先行詞之后。He is a cheat，as everyone can see.每個人都看得出來，他是個騙子。3as引導從句時常譯為“正如”，而which常譯為“這；那”。常用句型有：as we all know，as is known to all，as everybody can see，as is expected等。He did the experiment successfully，as had been expected.正如期望的那樣，他實驗做得非常成功。As we all know，paper was first made in China.正如大家所知，紙是中國發(fā)明的