北京市順義區(qū)牛欄山一中2020屆高三英語適應(yīng)性考試試題含解析

1、北京市順義區(qū)牛欄山一中2020屆高三英語適應(yīng)性考試試題含解析北京市順義區(qū)牛欄山一中2020屆高三英語適應(yīng)性考試試題含解析PAGE PAGE 39北京市順義區(qū)牛欄山一中2020屆高三英語適應(yīng)性考試試題含解析北京市順義區(qū)牛欄山一中2020屆高三英語適應(yīng)性考試試題（含解析）第一部分：知識運用（共兩節(jié)，45 分）第一節(jié) 語法填空(共10小題;每小題1.5分,共15分）A閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫 1 個適當?shù)膯卧~,在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空.In the USA the high school graduation ceremony is of g

2、reat _1_ （important). 12th grade students， or seniors， who are about 17 or 18 years old, look forward to _2_ （attend) this event。 The graduation ceremony itself takes place at the end of May or beginning of June, which usually _3_ (include） music, awards, and a guest speaker.【答案】1. importance 2. att

3、ending 3。 includes【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了美國高中的畢業(yè)典禮?！?題詳解】考查名詞。分析句子可知，此處應(yīng)填名詞作為介詞of的賓語，be of great importance“很重要”,故填importance。【2題詳解】考查動名詞。分析句子可知，此處應(yīng)填attend的動名詞形式作為介詞to的賓語，故填attending?！?題詳解】考查時態(tài)。分析句子可知,此處是定語從句的謂語動詞，本篇講述一般事實,應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時，主語which指代上文的graduation ceremony“畢業(yè)典禮”，是第三人稱單數(shù)，故謂語動詞用三單現(xiàn)形式,故填includes。B閱讀下

4、列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空.在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫 1 個適當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Music can be just what you need _4_ youre feeling down。 The right song can make you smile and feel like getting up and dancing. It can also calm you down when youre worried. Besides changing _5_ you feel， music may help your brain work bet

5、ter。 Why does music have these powers？ It may be because peoples bodies have _6_ （nature) rhythms， such as a heartbeat and pulse.【答案】4. when 5。 how 6。 natural【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章講述了音樂的好處?！?題詳解】考查狀語從句連詞。本句意為“當你情緒低落時，音樂可以成為你所需要的。，此句是由連詞when引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句,表“當時候”。故填when?！?題詳解】考查賓語從句連接詞。本句意為“除了改變你如何去感受外，change后接賓語從

6、句，從句缺乏方式狀語，應(yīng)用引導(dǎo)詞how表“如何/怎樣。故填how?！?題詳解】考查形容詞。本句意為“這可能是因為人的身體有自然的節(jié)律，比如心跳和脈搏。”,名詞rhythms要形容詞修飾,此空用形容詞natural。故填natural.C閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫 1 個適當?shù)膯卧~,在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。I dont like the freezing Northeast winter. So when I had the chance to spend a weekend in Sarasota, Florida， I had my

7、bags _7_ (pack) in no time。 I _8_ (leave） for the land of warmth， _9_ （think） of beaches and orange trees。 Swimming pools and pink sunsets filled the weekend。 But the best part was a 7:00 am visit to the farmers market there, _10_ proved to be worth the early wakeup call?！敬鸢浮?。 packed 8。 left 9. thi

8、nking 10。 which【解析】這是一篇記敘文.文章主要講述了作者去弗羅里達州的薩拉塔索度周末的故事?！?題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。分析句子可知，此處應(yīng)用非謂語動詞作賓補,邏輯主語bags和pack之間是被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用過去分詞，故填packed。8題詳解】考查時態(tài)。分析句子可知，此處是句子謂語動詞，根據(jù)上文的had判斷為一般過去時,故填left。【9題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。分析句子可知,此處應(yīng)用非謂語動詞作狀語，邏輯主語I和think之間是是主動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞，故填thinking?！?0題詳解】考查定語從句.分析句子可知，此處是非限制性定語從句關(guān)系詞，先行詞是前面的整個句子,它在從句

9、中充當主語，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞which，故填which。第二節(jié) 完形填空（共 20 小題;每小題 1。5 分，共 30 分）閱讀下面短文,掌握其大意，從每題所給的 A、B、C、D 四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Oseola McCartyLate one Sunday afternoon in September 1999， Oseola McCarty， an elderly cleaning lady passed away in the little wooden frame house where she had lived and worked most of her

10、 life. It may seem like an ordinary _11_ to an ordinary life, but there was something quite _12_ about this woman.In the summer of 1995， McCarty gave150，000, most of the money she had saved throughout her life， to the University of Southey Mississippi in her hometown. The _13_ was to help other Afri

11、can Americans _14_ university.She had _15_ school in the sixth grade to go to work, never married, never had children and never learned to drive because there was never any place in _16_she wanted to go. All she ever had was the work which she saw as a _17_. Too many other black people in the countr

12、yside of Mississippi did not have even that. She had started her savings habit as a young child when she would return from school to clean and iron _18_ money which she would then save。When she retired, she decided that she wanted to use the money to give children of limited means the _19_ to go to

13、university. She had wanted to become a nurse， but had to leave school to look afire sick relatives and work. When asked why she had given her life _20_ away， she replied, ”Im giving it away so that children wont have to work so hard， like l did。 ” After news of her donation _21_ the media， over 600

14、donations were _22_ to the scholarship fund。 One was given by a media senior manager， Ted Turner, who gave a billion dollars。She didnt want any fuss made over her _23_, but the news _24_ and she was invited all over the United States to talk to people. _25_ she went， people would come up to her to s

15、ay a few words or to _26_ touch her. She met the ordinary and the _27_， President Clinton included。 In the last few years of her life, before she died of cancer， McCarty was given over 300 awards. She was honored by the United Nations and _28_ the Presidential Citizens Medal。 _29_ having no real edu

16、cation， she found herself with two honorary doctorates: one from the University of Southern Mississippi and the other from Harvard University。 Her generosity was clearly an inspiration to many and proof that true _30_ does exist.11. A. startB。 callC。 endD. show12。 A. abnormalB. complicatedC. commonD

17、. exceptional13。 A. timeB. caseC。 ruleD. money14. A。 withB。 throughC. outD. along15. A. quitB. neededC。 openedD。 finished16。 A. generalB。 publicC。 particularD. advance17. A。 blessingB. praiseC。 pleasureD。 training18. A. aboutB. withC。 throughD. for19. A. abilityB。 spaceC。 opportunityD。 time20。 A. ha

18、ppinessB. savingsC。 timeD。 experience21. A。 endedB。 brokeC. controlledD. hit22。 A. tookB。 hadC. madeD。 put23。 A。 giftB. dreamC. deathD. life24. A. gave offB. got outC. came aboutD. put away25. A. WhereverB。 WhoeverC。 WheneverD. Whatever26。 A。 oftenB. justC。 onlyD。 almost27。 A. youngB。 elderlyC。 famo

19、usD. poor28. A。 gaveB。 exhibitedC. refusedD。 received29。 A。 DespiteB。 ExceptC. BesidesD。 Beyond30. A. wealthB。 selflessnessC. carefulnessD。 affection【答案】11。 C 12. D 13。 D 14. B 15。 A 16. C 17. A 18。 D 19。 C 20。 B 21. D 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. A 26。 B 27. C 28。 D 29. A 30. B【解析】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述一位名叫Oseola M

20、cCarty的清潔工在1999年9月去世。她生前將自己的大部分積蓄都捐贈給社會，帶動越來越多的人捐贈，證明了世間確實存在無私的精神.【11題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這看起來好像就是一個普通人生命的終結(jié)，但事實上這個老人是個例外.A. start開始；B. call電話；C. end結(jié)束;D. show表演。根據(jù)上文的Oseola McCarty， an elderly cleaning lady passed away in the little wooden frame house可知這位老人去世了,即生命結(jié)束了，故選C項.【12題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這看起來好像就是一個普

21、通人生命的終結(jié)，但事實上這個老人是個例外.A. abnormal不正常的；B。 complicated復(fù)雜的；C. common常見的；D. exceptional例外的。根據(jù)上文的It may seem like an ordinary可知此處用“例外的”符合語境,ordinary和exceptional是反義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)，故選D項.【13題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這些錢是用來幫助非裔美國人讀完大學(xué)用的。A。 time時間；B。 case案件；C。 rule規(guī)則；D. money錢。根據(jù)上文的In the summer of 1995, McCarty gave$150,000， most

22、of the money she had saved throughout her life, to the University of Southey Mississippi in her hometown?？芍颂幱谩板X”符合語境，故選D項.【14題詳解】考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：這些錢是用來幫助非裔美國人讀完大學(xué)用的。A。 with和；B. through通過；C. out出去；D. along沿著。根據(jù)下文的university.可知此處用“通過符合語境,through university“讀完大學(xué)，故選B項。【15題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在六年級時她不得不放棄讀書去工作，一生

23、未嫁,沒有孩子，也沒有學(xué)過開車，因為她沒有特別想去的地方。A。 quit放棄；B。 needed需要；C. opened打開；D. finished完成。根據(jù)下文的to go to work可知此處用“放棄”符合語境，故選A項。【16題詳解】考查名詞詞義/介詞短語詞義辨析。句意：在六年級時她不得不放棄讀書去工作，一生未嫁，沒有孩子，也沒有學(xué)過開車,因為她沒有特別想去的地方.A.（in) general大體上；B. （in)public在公開場合；C. （in)particular特別；D. （in)advance提前。根據(jù)never learned to drive可知,她沒有特別想去的地方，

24、此處考查固定短語in particular“特別”，故選C項?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析.句意：她曾經(jīng)所擁有的全部就是被她看作恩賜的那份工作.A. blessing恩賜；B。 praise表揚；C. pleasure樂趣；D. training訓(xùn)練。根據(jù)下文的Too many other black people in the countryside of Mississippi did not have even that.可知很多非裔美國人都沒有工作，由此推測她把工作看作上帝的恩賜，故選A項?！?8題詳解】考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：她從小就有存錢的習(xí)慣，她會把放學(xué)后自己打掃和幫人熨燙掙的

25、錢存起來。A. about關(guān)于；B。 with和,有，隨著;C。 through穿過；D。 for為了。根據(jù)句意可知,她去打掃和熨燙是為了掙錢，for money “為了錢”，故選D項。【19題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：退休后，她決定把自己存的錢捐給他們，給經(jīng)濟困難的孩子一個上大學(xué)的機會。A. ability能力;B。 space空間；C。 opportunity機會；D. time時間。結(jié)合上下文可知，此處是指她所捐贈的錢讓一些經(jīng)濟能力有限的孩子可以上大學(xué),即給他們提供了上大學(xué)的機會，故選C項?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當被問及為何要捐贈自己一生的積蓄時，她回答:“我捐了錢，

26、那些孩子就不用向我那樣艱辛地工作?！?A. happiness幸福；B. savings積蓄；C. time時間；D. experience經(jīng)歷.根據(jù)據(jù)上文的In the summer of 1995, McCarty gave150,000, most of the money she had saved throughout her life可知此處用“積蓄”符合語境，且上文的She had started her savings habit也有暗示，故選B項?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:當她的捐贈事跡被媒體曝光后，超過600名捐贈者為獎學(xué)金基金捐贈。A. ended結(jié)束；B.

27、broke打破；C. controlled控制；D. hit(網(wǎng)站的) 點擊 。根據(jù)下文的over 600 donations were _12_ to the scholarship fund?？芍?，此處用hit the media表達老人捐款的實際成了媒體上的熱門話題，并且?guī)恿似渌说木杩钚袨椋蔬xD項.【22題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:當她的捐贈事跡被媒體曝光后，超過600名捐贈者為獎學(xué)金基金捐贈.A. took拿；B. had有；C。 made制作，使；D. put放。根據(jù) One was given by a media senior manager, Ted Turner,

28、who gave a billion dollars可知，此處考查固定短語make donations to“向捐贈”，故選C項?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:她不想因為自己的捐贈受到關(guān)注，但是新聞傳了出去，她被邀請到美國的各個地方去演講.A. gift捐贈；B。 dream夢想；C。 death死亡;D。 life生活.根據(jù)上文的After news of her donation可知此處用“捐贈”符合語境，donation和gift是同義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)，故選A項.【24題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：她不想因為自己的捐贈受到關(guān)注，但是新聞傳了出去，她被邀請到美國的各個地方去演講.A。 ga

29、ve off散發(fā);B. got out傳出；C. came about產(chǎn)生；D. put away放在一邊.根據(jù)下文的she was invited all over the United States to talk to people可知她的捐款事跡被傳了出去，故選B項.【25題詳解】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意:無論去哪里，人們都會走上前來和她交談幾句，或者僅僅和她近距離的接觸一下也好。A。 Wherever無論哪里;B. Whoever無論誰；C. Whenever無論何時;D. Whatever無論什么。根據(jù)上文的she was invited all over the United St

30、ates to talk to people.和下文的she went可知此處用“無論哪里”符合語境,故選A項。【26題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意:無論去哪里，人們都會走上前來和她交談幾句，或者僅僅和她近距離的接觸一下也好。A。 often常常；B. just僅僅;C. only只是；D。 almost幾乎.根據(jù)上文的_15_ she went, people would come up to her to say a few words可知她現(xiàn)在很出名，故此處用“僅僅符合語境，可以表達她的受歡迎程度，故選B項?！?7題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她見過普通人，也見過有名的人,克林頓總統(tǒng)

31、包括在內(nèi).A. young年輕的；B. elderly年老的；C。 famous有名的;D. poor窮的。根據(jù)下文的President Clinton included?？芍颂幱谩坝忻摹狈险Z境，故選C項?！?8題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她受到聯(lián)合國的表彰，并獲得了總統(tǒng)公民勛章.A. gave給；B。 exhibited展覽;C. refused拒絕；D. received獲得。根據(jù)上文的She was honored by the United Nations可知，此處用“獲得”符合語境，故選D項.【29題詳解】考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管沒有接受過真正的教育,但她獲得了兩個榮譽

32、博士稱號：一個是美國密西西比南部大學(xué)，另一個是哈佛大學(xué)。A. Despite盡管；B。 Except除了；C. Besides除外；D. Beyond超過。根據(jù)句意可知，上下文是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故選A項.【30題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她的慷慨很明顯對很多人是一個啟發(fā),而且也證明了世間確實存在無私.A。 wealth財富;B。 selflessness無私；C。 carefulness仔細；D. affection喜愛。本文主要講述老人捐款的故事，再結(jié)合上文的Her generosity was clearly an inspiration to many可知此處用“無私”符合語境，gener

33、osity和selflessness是同義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)，故選B項。第二部分:閱讀理解（共兩節(jié),40 分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分,共30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的 A、B、C、D 四個選項中，選出最佳選項,并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AWhen Lina was awoken by the sound of thunder, she was alone on the island. The air was cool and bullfrogs croaked. It was that brief moment when the summer sun had set but the stars

34、hadnt yet appeared。 Lina rubbed her eyes and looked around?！癏ello？” she called。 “Celia? Marie”There was no response。The moon was rising now, shedding light on the island. They had always called it “Forgotten Island” because no one but they seemed to remember its existence。 It wasnt on any of the map

35、s they could find， and even the forest rangers didnt know about it. Lina loved that the island， hidden in a heavily-wooded side stream of the river, was a secret between the three friends her, Celia, and Marie。But now Lina was here alone， and it was night. Worse still， it was her own fault?！癈ome on,

36、 Lina， let Marie row the boat.” Celia had said. Marie was two years older than Lina， but she was a hopeless rower. Thats why Lina refused and rowed the boat to the island。 The argument that followed the refusal took the usual form。 Celia took Maries side， as she always did。 Lina had exploded and yel

37、led at them to just leave. So they got back in the boat and left.A bolt of lightning crossed the darkened sky, accompanied by a deafening thunder clap。 The storm was here。 As the first cold raindrop slid down her neck， Linas mind returned to her current problem。 She was stuck here by herself. She ju

38、st hoped she didnt become as forgotten as the island。 The thought of it sent a chill (寒意） down her back。Suddenly, Lina spotted something in the water。 It was a boat, and inside it were Marie, Celia, and Maries dad, who was steering through the fast flowing waters。 As the boat approached, they saw Li

39、na waving and the worried expressions on their faces turned to relief。In her excitement Lina jumped into the river。 Only once she was in the icy water did she remember how fast the water was moving. Luckily a strong arm reached into the water and pulled her out。 She smiled weakly at Maries dad and,

40、without a word, hugged Celia and Marie。 They didnt seem to mind becoming wet。31. What can be inferred about the island？A。 It is very near the ocean.B It is a popular place for boating.C. It is surrounded by thick forest.D. It has never been reached by others.32。 Why did Lina get angry？A。 Marie would

41、 not help row the boat。B. Lina was left alone on the island.C. Marie didnt know how to row the boat.D。 Celia supported Marie in the disagreement。33。 What caused Lina to feel a chill?A。 Her shame about the unnecessary argument.B。 The first raindrops of the approaching storm.C。 The idea that no one wo

42、uld come to save her。D。 The drop in temperature as the sun went down。34. Who pulled Lina out of the water？A. Maries father。B。 Lina herself。C Marie。D. CeliA?！敬鸢浮?1. C 32. D 33. C 34. A【解析】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了三個女孩兒一同去一座無人的小島上,因為讓誰劃船產(chǎn)生了分歧，其中一個女孩Lina生氣離開了隊友獨自留在了島上。最后被朋友的父親營救出來的故事。【31題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句Lina lov

43、ed that the island, hidden in a heavilywooded side stream of the river， was a secret between the three friends her， Celia, and Marie.可知，麗娜很喜歡這個小島,它隱藏在河邊一條樹木繁茂的小溪旁，是她、西莉亞和瑪麗這三個朋友之間的秘密.由此可知，小島是被濃密的森林包圍著。故選C.【32題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段中的Celia took Maries side, as she always did. Lina had exploded and yelled at

44、them to just leave?？芍?，西莉亞一如既往地站在瑪麗一邊。麗娜大發(fā)雷霆，對他們大喊大叫，要她們離開。由此可知，在發(fā)生爭論時，西莉亞一直支持瑪麗，這使得麗娜很生氣。故選D.【33題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中的She just hoped she didnt become as forgotten as the island。 The thought of it sent a chill (寒意) down her back.可知，她只是希望她不會像這個島一樣被遺忘。一想到這，她就不寒而栗.由此可知，麗娜一想到自己可能會像這個島一樣被遺忘,沒有人來救她,這不禁使她有了一陣寒

45、意。故選C。【34題詳解】細節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)最后一段中的Luckily a strong arm reached into the water and pulled her out. She smiled weakly at Maries dad and, without a word, hugged Celia and Marie。可知，幸運的是,一只強壯的手臂伸進了水里，把她拉了出來。她對瑪麗的父親微微一笑，一言不發(fā)地擁抱了西莉亞和瑪麗。由此可知，瑪麗的父親把麗娜從水里拉了上來。故選A.B72 Hours in BeijingTraveling to China is no longer a

46、 luxury for many foreign passport holders。 The Chinese government has permitted a 72-hour visafree policy that offers access to visitors from 53 countries including the US, France and Austria. Lets start with the capital of China, Beijing. Heres a pick of the best in Beijing！Mutianyu Great WallYour

47、trip to Beijing isnt really complete without seeing one of the “New Seven Wonders of the World, the Great Wall of China。 The Mutianyu section of the Great Wall is by far the most well-preserved of all。 Taking a onehour bus ride Mutianyu would be your ideal location for a half day of hiking away from

48、 the large crowds in the city。 Also the authorities have allowed tourists to paint graffiti on a specific section of the Great Wall since 2014。 The Great Wall was designated a UNESCO World Heritage site in 1987.798 Art ZoneThis would be on the top of my list！ Named after the 798 factory that was bui

49、lt in the 1950s。 The art zone is home to various galleries， design studios, art exhibition spaces, fashionable shops and bars。 You could easily spend half your day wandering around the complex, feeling the contrast of the present and the past。Summer PalaceLocated in northwestern Beijing, the Summer

50、Palace is by far the citys most well-preserved royal park. With its huge lake and hilltop views, the palace offers you a pastoral escape into the landscape of traditional Chinese paintings. The Summer Palace was added to the UNESCO World Heritage List in 1998。Sichuan Provincial RestaurantWhile in Be

51、ijing， apart from trying the citys best-known Peking duck the Sichuan provincial restaurant is one of the places where you can enjoy regional delicious food。 It offers one of Chinas eight great cuisines, Sichuan, which ranges from Mapo tofu to spicy chicken.35。 Which of the following is true about t

52、he Mutianyu Great Wall？A. You can paint graffiti anywhere。B。 You need a half day to get there.C。 It was designated a UNESCO World Heritage site in 2014。D。 It is the most wellpreserved part of the Great Wall。36。 When was the Summer Palace added to the UNESCO World Heritage List？A。 In1950。B。 In 1987.C

53、。 In 1998.D. In 2014.37。 Which place is the authors first choice when visiting Beijing？A。 Mutianyu Great Wall。B。 Summer Palace.C。 798 Art Zone。D。 Sichuan Provincial Restaurant?！敬鸢浮?5. D 36。 C 37。 C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。中國政府允許免簽證的外籍游客可以在中國停留72小時.本文重點介紹了如何利用這72小時參觀北京不容錯過的四個目的地?！?5題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Mutianyu Great

54、 Wall中的第二句“The Mutianyu section of the Great Wall is by far the most wellpreserved of all。”可知，慕田峪長城是迄今為止保存最完好的長城。故選D。【36題詳解】細節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)Summer palace中的最后一句“The Summer Palace was added to the UNESCO World Heritage list in1998.”可知，頤和園是1998年被列入世界文化遺產(chǎn)名錄的。故選C?！?7題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)798 Art zone中的第一句“This would be on

55、 the top of my list！”可知，作者參觀北京第一個要去的地方就是798Art Zone.故選C。【點睛】細節(jié)理解題簡述 提問文章細節(jié)的選擇題是閱讀理解題中的常見題型，用來考查考生對文章內(nèi)涵（即事件發(fā)生的時間、地點、人物、發(fā)展過程和結(jié)局等方面）的理解。如何回答細節(jié)理解題？提問文章細節(jié)的選擇題一般針對文章中某個特定細節(jié)或涉及若干細節(jié)。一般來說，圍繞文章細節(jié)的命題大部分題目都可以在原文中找到答案,或者需要稍微變通一下，尋找文中關(guān)鍵詞的同義詞或釋意，這是表層理解.以上三個小題在文中都能直接發(fā)現(xiàn)答案，屬于直接理解題目，難度低。CWhy do some people live to be

56、older than others? You know the standard explanations： keeping a moderate diet, engaging in regular exercise， etc. But what effect does your personality have on your longevity(長壽）? Do some kinds of personalities lead to longer lives？ A new study in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society look

57、ed at this question by examining the personality characteristics of 246 children of people who had lived to be at least 100。The study shows that those living the longest are more outgoing, more active and less neurotic (神經(jīng)質(zhì)的) than other people. Longliving women are also more likely to be sympathetic

58、 and cooperative than women with a normal life span。 These findings are in agreement with what you would expect from the evolutionary theory: those who like to make friends and help others can gather enough resources to make it through tough times. Interestingly, however， other characteristics that

59、you might consider advantageous had no impact on whether study participants were likely to live longer. Those who were more selfdisciplined， for instance， were no more likely to live to be very old. Also, being open to new ideas had no relationship to long life， which might explain all those badtemp

60、ered old people who are fixed in their ways。Whether you can successfully change your personality as an adult is the subject of a longstanding psychological debate. But the new paper suggests that if you want long life， you should strive to be as outgoing as possible.Unfortunately, another recent stu