2022高考英語(yǔ)試題分項(xiàng)版解析專(zhuān)題05動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)含解析

1、2021高考英語(yǔ)試題分項(xiàng)版解析專(zhuān)題05動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)（含解析）PAGE PAGE 76專(zhuān)題05 動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)2018年高考題1.【2018北京】1. Hi, Im Peter. Are you new here? I havent seen you around?Hello, Peter. Im Bob. I just _ on Monday.A. start B. have started C. started D. had started【答案】C【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：嗨，我是彼得。你是新來(lái)的嗎？我沒(méi)有在附近見(jiàn)過(guò)你。你好，彼得。我是鮑勃。我周一剛剛開(kāi)始住在這兒。根據(jù)兩人談話內(nèi)容可知

2、，Bob現(xiàn)在在這兒，他開(kāi)始(start)住在這兒是發(fā)生在周一的事情，周一是一個(gè)過(guò)去的時(shí)間，故該句應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，C選項(xiàng)正確。點(diǎn)睛：一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間里發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)或過(guò)去習(xí)慣性、經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作、行為。一般過(guò)去時(shí)常與表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)或從句連用，如：yesterday，last week，in the past，in 2017，once，a few days ago等。2.【2018北京】4. Susan had quit her well-paid job and _ as a volunteer in the neighborhood when I visited her last

3、 year.A. is working B. was working C. has worked D. had worked【答案】B點(diǎn)睛：過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示在過(guò)去某一時(shí)間段或某一段時(shí)間內(nèi)正在發(fā)生或進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。3.【2018北京】7. Chinas high-speed railways _ from 9,000 to 25,000 kilometers in the past few years.A. are growing B. have grown C. will grow D. had grown【答案】B【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：在過(guò)去的幾年里，中國(guó)的高速鐵路已經(jīng)從9,000公里增長(zhǎng)

4、到25,000公里。該句時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)為in the past few years。中國(guó)高速鐵路的增長(zhǎng)是從過(guò)去一直到現(xiàn)在幾年里的情況，故該句應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)。B選項(xiàng)正確。點(diǎn)睛：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)可以表示過(guò)去的事情對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響，也可以表示持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，動(dòng)詞一般是延續(xù)性的。常見(jiàn)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有：since + 時(shí)間點(diǎn)/從句，for two months，so far，recently，in the past/last few days等。4.【2018北京】9. A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who _ in the mountai

5、ns for two days.A. are trapping B. have been trapped C. were trapping D. had been trapped【答案】D點(diǎn)睛：過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)間或動(dòng)作以前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成了的動(dòng)作，即“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”，其表達(dá)形式為had done，被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的表達(dá)形式為had been done。5.【2018天津】13. My washing machine _this week, so I have to wash my clothes by hand.A. was repaired B. is repairedC. is being r

6、epaired D. has been repaired【答案】C【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：這周我的洗衣機(jī)正在修，所以我不得不手洗衣服。根據(jù)后句so I have to wash my clothes by hand.可知，洗衣機(jī)正在修，故用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故選C。點(diǎn)睛：本題考查時(shí)態(tài)。分析選項(xiàng)可以知道，4個(gè)選項(xiàng)都用了被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，本題考查的其實(shí)是不同的時(shí)態(tài)。選項(xiàng)A是過(guò)去時(shí)；選項(xiàng)B是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)；選項(xiàng)C是現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)；選項(xiàng)D是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。再結(jié)合語(yǔ)境進(jìn)行分析，最終判斷出最佳答案。6.【2018江蘇】31. Hopefullyin2025wewillnolongerbee-mailingeach

7、other, forwe _ more convenient electronic communicationtoolsbythen.A. have developed B. haddevelopedC. willhavedeveloped D. developed【答案】C【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：希望在2025年，我們不再互相發(fā)電子郵件，因?yàn)榈侥菚r(shí)候我們將開(kāi)發(fā)更方便的電子通信工具。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)in 2025，可知用將來(lái)時(shí)；再根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)by then到那時(shí)，可知用完成時(shí)。結(jié)合兩者可知用將來(lái)完成時(shí)。故選C。點(diǎn)睛：本題考查時(shí)態(tài)。句中包含的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)是解答此題的突破點(diǎn)。所以要做好此類(lèi)題，一定要注意題

8、中有沒(méi)有明確的時(shí)間點(diǎn)，或者其他可以代替時(shí)間點(diǎn)的詞，所以根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)可以看出正確答案。本題的關(guān)鍵在于抓住題干中的兩個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)in 2025和by then，從而得出答案。 7.【2018江蘇】30. Iwassenttothevillagelastmonthtoseehowthedevelopmentplan_ inthepast two years.A. hadbeencarriedout B. would be carried outC. isbeingcarriedout D. has been carried out【答案】A【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：上個(gè)月我被派到村里去看看在過(guò)去的兩年里

9、發(fā)展計(jì)劃是如何執(zhí)行的。根據(jù)句中時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)last month和in the past two years可知用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。故選A。點(diǎn)睛：本題考查時(shí)態(tài)。句中包含的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)是解答此題的突破點(diǎn)。所以要做好此類(lèi)題，一定要注意題中有沒(méi)有明確的時(shí)間點(diǎn)，或者其他可以代替時(shí)間點(diǎn)的詞，所以根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)可以看出正確答案。本題的關(guān)鍵在于抓住題干中的兩個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)last month和in the past two years，從而得出答案。2017年高考題【2017天津卷】8. I _down to London when I suddenly found that I was on the wrong road.A.

10、 was driving B. have driven C. would drive D. drove【答案】A考點(diǎn)：考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)?！久麕燑c(diǎn)睛】這時(shí)考查與時(shí)態(tài)有關(guān)的固定句型。：was/ were doing sth + when (suddenlu) did . 這時(shí)一個(gè)常用固定句型，是學(xué)生必須掌握的重點(diǎn)句型之一，詞句型還有另外兩種結(jié)構(gòu)：was / were about to do + when did ; had done + when + did 。 在這三個(gè)句型中，when引導(dǎo)的并列句，意為：就在這時(shí)（那時(shí)）突然?！?017江蘇卷】27. He hurried home, never o

11、nce looking back to see if he _.A. was being followed B. was following C. had been followed D. followed【答案】A【解析】試題分析：考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。he和follow是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，即他被別人跟蹤，排除B/D；根據(jù)句意“在匆忙趕回家的路上，他從未回頭看是否被跟蹤”，用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)最合適，故選A。句意：他匆匆忙忙往家趕，就是不回頭看一看是否有人跟蹤自己?？键c(diǎn)：時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)【2017江蘇卷】31.Hes been informed that he _ for the scholarship beca

12、use of his academic background.A. hasnt qualified B. hadnt qualified C. doesnt qualify D. wasnt qualifying 【答案】C考點(diǎn)：考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)【2017北京卷】33. People_ better access to health care than they used to, and theyre living longer as a result.A. will haveB. haveC. hadD. had had【答案】B試題分析：句意：人們有著比過(guò)去更好的醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)，結(jié)果他們更長(zhǎng)壽。與

13、過(guò)去對(duì)比是現(xiàn)在，所以than前一句話是用現(xiàn)在的時(shí)間，而且后一句用的就是現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)，所以前面也用現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)，故選B。考點(diǎn)：考查時(shí)態(tài)。【2017北京卷】29. In the 1950s in the USA, most families had just one phone at home, and wireless phones _ yet. A. havent invented B. havent been invented C. hadnt invented D. hadnt been invented【答案】D試題分析：句意：在美國(guó)20世紀(jì)50年代的時(shí)候，大多數(shù)的家庭家里只有一部電話，并且無(wú)線

14、電話還根本沒(méi)有發(fā)明出來(lái)。根據(jù)句意可知用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，排除AC，事情發(fā)生在過(guò)去，與現(xiàn)在無(wú)關(guān)，不用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，排除B，故選D，過(guò)去完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)?？键c(diǎn)：考查時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)?！?017北京卷】24. _ that company to see how they think of our product yesterday?Yes. They are happy with it.A. Did you call B. Have you called C. Will you call D. Were you calling【答案】A試題分析：句意：-你昨天有沒(méi)有給那家公司打電話問(wèn)問(wèn)他們對(duì)我們的產(chǎn)品感覺(jué)怎么樣？-打

15、了，他們此刻正用得很開(kāi)心?？崭袼陬}干有一個(gè)很明顯的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)yesterday，發(fā)生在過(guò)去，肯定用過(guò)去式，故選A?？键c(diǎn)：考查時(shí)態(tài)。2016年高考題1.【2016北京】21. Jack _ in the lab when the power cut occurred.A. worksB. has workedC. was workingD. would work【答案】C考點(diǎn)：考查時(shí)態(tài)【名師點(diǎn)睛】一、過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的構(gòu)成：was/were+動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞(-ing) 二、過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法：1、表示在過(guò)去某時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，通常與表過(guò)去的時(shí)間壯語(yǔ)連用。例如：At this moment yes

16、terday, I was packing for camp.昨天這個(gè)時(shí)候，我正在收拾東西去露營(yíng)。2、表移動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞，如come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return等詞的過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，可以表示過(guò)去將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。例如：She told me that she was going to Hainan for her holiday. 她告訴我她將去海南度假。3、在含有時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句中，表示一個(gè)過(guò)去的動(dòng)作發(fā)生時(shí)或發(fā)生之后，另一個(gè)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行。例如：It was raining when they left the station. 他們離開(kāi)車(chē)站時(shí)，正

17、下著雨。 When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining.我到達(dá)山頂時(shí)，陽(yáng)光燦爛。4、在敘述或描寫(xiě)過(guò)去的事情時(shí)，過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)經(jīng)常與其它過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，特別時(shí)是一般過(guò)去時(shí)連用。但是過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)往往是表示背景。例如：One night, he was typing in his study. Suddenly, a man broke into his house and cut off the electricity.一天晚上，他正在書(shū)房里打字。突然，一個(gè)人闖進(jìn)屋來(lái)，切斷了電源。2.【2016北京】23. Excuse me, whic

18、h movie are you waiting for?The new Star Wars. We _ here for more than two hours.A. waited B. wait C. would be waiting D. have been waiting【答案】D【解析】試題分析：題目考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：打擾了，你們?cè)诘饶囊徊侩娪?？星球大?zhàn)，我們已經(jīng)在這兒等了兩個(gè)多小時(shí)了?！癴or+時(shí)間段”與完成時(shí)連用，根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，說(shuō)話的時(shí)候仍然在等，因此用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)，故選D?？键c(diǎn)：考查時(shí)態(tài)【名師點(diǎn)睛】現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)由“助動(dòng)詞have/has been+ -ing形式”構(gòu)成。用法如下

19、：1. 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并有可能延續(xù)下去的動(dòng)作。常和for，since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。-Hi, Tracy, you look tired. -I am tired. I have been painting the living room all day.They have been living here for 10 years. 他們住在這里十年了。2. 表示一個(gè)動(dòng)作從過(guò)去某時(shí)開(kāi)始，一直延續(xù)到說(shuō)話時(shí)候剛結(jié)束。I have been waiting you for about one hour.。(說(shuō)話時(shí)等的動(dòng)作剛結(jié)束)She has been working

20、all night long.3. 表示重復(fù)（只斷斷續(xù)續(xù)，而非一直不停） Weve been discussing the matter several times this year. I have been saying goodbye to some friends today.3.【2016北京】25. I _ half of the English novel, and Ill try to finish it at the weekend.A. read B. have read C. am reading D. will read【答案】B考點(diǎn)：考查時(shí)態(tài)【名師點(diǎn)睛】現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)基本

21、用法：1、表示過(guò)去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，常與already, yet, ever, never, just，before 等詞連用。例如：Have you ever cooked at home? 你吃晚飯了嗎？You have already grown much taller.你已經(jīng)長(zhǎng)高了許多。2、表示過(guò)去已經(jīng)開(kāi)始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。往往和表示一段時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，常用的有：for一段時(shí)間；since+過(guò)去時(shí)間點(diǎn)或從句。（Since 用來(lái)說(shuō)明動(dòng)作起始時(shí)間，for用來(lái)說(shuō)明動(dòng)作延續(xù)時(shí)間長(zhǎng)度），提問(wèn)用How long.例如：It has been five year

22、s since he joined the army .他參軍五年了。 They have learned English for eight years .他們已學(xué)了八年的英語(yǔ)了。3、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)需注意的問(wèn)題：1表示短暫性的動(dòng)詞不能與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用appear, begin, borrow, lend, buy, close,come, die, fall, find, finish, join, kill, leave, sell, stop等。例如：He has joined the army for five years. （錯(cuò)誤） He has been in the army

23、 for five years.(正確)注意：非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的否定形式可以與表示延續(xù)時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用。即動(dòng)作不發(fā)生的狀態(tài)是可以持續(xù)的。（錯(cuò)）I have received his letter for a month.（對(duì)）I havent received his letter for almost a month.2不能和明確的過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，如：yesterday, last week, in 1998,two days ago等。3have/has been to 和have/has gone to 的區(qū)別： have/has been to 去過(guò)某地，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)回來(lái)； have/has

24、gone to 去了某地，在去的路上或已經(jīng)在那里。4比較一般過(guò)去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去某時(shí)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作，不和現(xiàn)在發(fā)生聯(lián)系，常與具體的過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，如yesterday, last week，ago, in1980, in October, just now等，；現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是現(xiàn)在的情況，不能與表過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。I saw this film yesterday. （強(qiáng)調(diào)看的動(dòng)作發(fā)生過(guò)了）I have seen this film. （強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響，電影的內(nèi)容已經(jīng)知道了）Why did you get up s

25、o early? （強(qiáng)調(diào)起床的動(dòng)作已發(fā)生過(guò)了）He has been a League member for three years. （強(qiáng)調(diào)他是團(tuán)員）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)考點(diǎn)分析：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)除可以和for、since引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)連用外，還可以和下面的介詞短語(yǔ)連用：during / in /over the last(past)few years (months, weeks)、in recent years等。下列句型中常用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)It is (has been) + 一段時(shí)間 + since從句This(That / It)is the first(second)time that + 完成時(shí)Thi

26、s(That / It)is the only + that + 完成時(shí)This(that / It)is the best / finest / most interesting + that 從句 + 完成時(shí)在時(shí)間或條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)可以代替一般將來(lái)時(shí)。如：I shall post the letter as soon as I have written it.If you have done the experiment, you will realize the theory better.Dont get off the bus until it has stopped.4.

27、【2016北京】30. The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts _ with success in the end.A. rewarded B. were rewardedC. will reward D. will be rewarded【答案】D考點(diǎn)：考查時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)【名師點(diǎn)睛】一般將來(lái)時(shí)表示未來(lái)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)常用will / shall + 動(dòng)詞（常與表示將來(lái)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)邊用如tomorrow、next week等）。表示一種趨向或習(xí)慣動(dòng)作。Well die without air or wa

28、ter.表示趨向行為的動(dòng)詞如come、go、start、begin、leave等詞常用進(jìn)行時(shí)的形式表示將來(lái)時(shí)。be going to與will / shall, be to do, be about to do用法及區(qū)別： A shall / will do表示未事先考慮過(guò)，即說(shuō)話時(shí)臨時(shí)作出的決定。B be going to 表示現(xiàn)在打算在最近或?qū)?lái)要做某事，這種打算往往經(jīng)過(guò)事先考慮，甚至已做了某種準(zhǔn)備；be going to 表將來(lái)，不能用在條件狀語(yǔ)從句的主句中；而will則能，表意愿。如：If it is fine, well go fishing.(正確)If it is fine, w

29、e are going to go fishing.(錯(cuò)誤)C be to do sth.表按計(jì)劃、安排即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，還可表示吩咐、命令、禁止，可能性等。A meeting is to be held at 3:00 oclock this afternoon.D be about to do sth.表示“即將或者正要去做某事”，通常不與時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用,但可與when引導(dǎo)的從句連用，構(gòu)成?？季湫停簊b was about to do when sb did sth。 Autumn harvest is about to start.被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成一般式進(jìn)行式完成式現(xiàn)在時(shí)am/is/are+p

30、.pam/is/are+being+ p.phave/has+been + p.p過(guò)去時(shí)was/were+ p.pwas/were+being+ p.phad +been + p.p將來(lái)時(shí)shall/will+be+p.pshall/will+have been+ p.p注意：含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的謂語(yǔ)變化為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：由“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞（can, may must, have to等）+be +動(dòng)詞的-ed形式構(gòu)成。含有“be going to , be to, used to, be about to”等結(jié)構(gòu)的復(fù)合謂語(yǔ)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：其構(gòu)成為“be going to （be to, used to, be

31、about to）+ be +動(dòng)詞的-ed形式”。5.【2016江蘇】22.More efforts, as reported, _in the years ahead to accelerate the supply-side structural reform.A.are madeB.will be madeC.are beingmadeD.have been made【答案】B考點(diǎn)：考查時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)6.【2016江蘇】29.Dashan, who_crosstalk, the Chinese comedic tradition, for decades, wants to mix it up

32、with the Western stand-up tradition.A.will be learning B. is learningC. had been learning D. has been learning【答案】D考點(diǎn)：考查時(shí)態(tài)7.【2016天津】3. When walking down the street, I came across David, when I _ for years. A. didnt see B. havent seen C. hadnt seen D. wouldnt see【答案】C【解析】試題分析：句意：當(dāng)沿著街道散步的時(shí)候，我遇見(jiàn)了多年未見(jiàn)的D

33、avid。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，“not see”這個(gè)動(dòng)作發(fā)生在come across之前，是過(guò)去的過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。故選C?？键c(diǎn)：考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)?！久麕燑c(diǎn)睛】英語(yǔ)中的時(shí)態(tài)主要由動(dòng)詞的形式?jīng)Q定，因此在學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)，要注意分析動(dòng)詞形式及具體語(yǔ)境，想象在那個(gè)特定的時(shí)間動(dòng)作所發(fā)生的背景，這個(gè)動(dòng)作是經(jīng)常性動(dòng)作、一般性動(dòng)作、進(jìn)行性動(dòng)作、完成性動(dòng)作還是將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。過(guò)去完成時(shí)是一個(gè)相對(duì)的時(shí)態(tài)，表示過(guò)去的過(guò)去的動(dòng)作，還有一個(gè)特點(diǎn)就是和過(guò)去的一段時(shí)間搭配。8.【2016浙江】9. Silk _ one of the primary goods traded along the Silk Road by ab

34、out 100 BC.had become B. was becoming C. has become D.is becoming【答案】A【解析】試題分析： 句意：到公元前100年為止，絲綢已經(jīng)成為絲綢之路上交易的主要商品之一。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)是by+過(guò)去時(shí)間，謂語(yǔ)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。故選A。考點(diǎn)：考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。【名師點(diǎn)睛】動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)是選擇題中必考內(nèi)容之一，動(dòng)詞的各種時(shí)態(tài)形式都可能考到，不過(guò)最?？嫉氖且话悻F(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)，一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，以及一般將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)，同時(shí)還常與非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一起考查，做語(yǔ)法填空題時(shí)，首先要判斷括號(hào)中所給動(dòng)詞是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞還是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，如本小題第一個(gè)空就是考查謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞

35、；若是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，就要考慮時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)、語(yǔ)氣(陳述語(yǔ)氣還是虛擬語(yǔ)氣)、主謂一致四個(gè)方面，本小題考查過(guò)去完成時(shí)，從三個(gè)方面來(lái)進(jìn)行判斷：1. 看句子中的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)或時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，本小題時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)是by about 100 BC，故判斷是過(guò)去完成時(shí)。2. 在沒(méi)有時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)或時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，要看上下文的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式。3. 看是否是特殊句型等。如：It was+the first time+that從句中用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。 2015年高考題1.【2015北京】22.-Did you enjoy the party?-Yes,we_by our hosts.A.were treated B.would be trea

36、ted. C.treated D.had treated【答案】A 【考點(diǎn)定位】考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)及語(yǔ)態(tài)。【名師點(diǎn)睛】本題考查時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)，本題需要先看句子中有沒(méi)有明確的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，然后再看有沒(méi)有相關(guān)的詞，比如隱藏的時(shí)間點(diǎn)，和一些動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式。解答時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)題時(shí)，學(xué)生需要注意結(jié)合上下文語(yǔ)境，找出相關(guān)提示詞來(lái)判斷時(shí)態(tài)；并且分析出主語(yǔ)和動(dòng)詞是主謂關(guān)系還是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。2.【2015北京】26.in the last few years,China _ great achievements in environmental protection.A.has made B.had made C.was making

37、 D.is making【答案】A【解析】試題分析：句意：在過(guò)去的這些年里，中國(guó)在環(huán)境保護(hù)中取得了很大的成就。由時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)in the last few years可推知?jiǎng)幼鲝倪^(guò)去一段時(shí)間持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成影響，用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。故選A。【考點(diǎn)定位】考查時(shí)態(tài)。【名師點(diǎn)睛】判斷時(shí)態(tài)可以從時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)入手，題干中的in the last few years為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間標(biāo)志詞。類(lèi)似的還有over/ for/ during the last/ past years/months均為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間標(biāo)志，所以做此類(lèi)題時(shí)，需要先看句子中是否有明確的時(shí)間點(diǎn)，然后我再判斷時(shí)態(tài)。3.【2015北京】27.Did

38、 you have difficulty finding Ann house?Not really.She_us clear directions and we were able to find it.easily?A.was to give B.had given C.was giving D.would give【答案】B【考點(diǎn)定位】考查時(shí)態(tài)。【名師點(diǎn)睛】本題考查學(xué)生對(duì)時(shí)態(tài)的掌握情況，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和過(guò)去完成時(shí)都是考試中常出的考點(diǎn)。分析前后兩句兩個(gè)動(dòng)作，判斷出后者的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在前者的動(dòng)作之前，是過(guò)去的過(guò)去，用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。4.【2015北京】30. Dr. Jackson is not in h

39、is office at the moment.All right. I_ him later.A. will call B. have called C. call D will be calling【答案】A【解析】試題分析：句意：Dr.Jackson現(xiàn)在不在辦公室。好的，我待會(huì)再打給他。由later可知，表示的是將來(lái)要執(zhí)行的動(dòng)作，用一般將來(lái)時(shí)。故選A?！究键c(diǎn)定位】考查時(shí)態(tài)?！久麕燑c(diǎn)睛】本題根據(jù)對(duì)話形式進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)考查，句中包含的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)是解答此題的突破點(diǎn)。所以要做好此類(lèi)題，一定要注意題中有沒(méi)有明確的時(shí)間點(diǎn)，或者其他可以代替時(shí)間點(diǎn)的詞，所以根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)可以看出正確答案。5.【2015重慶】1.

40、 Is Peter coming?No, he_ his mind after a phone call at the last minute.changesB. changed C. was changing D. had changed【答案】B 【解析】 試題分析：句意：彼得來(lái)了嗎？沒(méi)有，剛才接到一個(gè)電話后改變主意了。根據(jù)at the last minute在最后一秒可能發(fā)生在過(guò)去，故用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。 【考點(diǎn)定位】考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)?！久麕燑c(diǎn)睛】動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)一直是熱點(diǎn)，需要根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)來(lái)進(jìn)行確定，但本題要根據(jù)當(dāng)時(shí)的語(yǔ)境來(lái)進(jìn)行再次確認(rèn)，才得到答案。首先看到第一句話Is Peter coming來(lái)了

41、嗎？可知彼得還沒(méi)有來(lái)，而下句話at the last minute最后一刻，符合一般過(guò)去時(shí)的用法中的，第一條：一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去某個(gè)特定時(shí)間發(fā)生，并且一下子就完成了的動(dòng)作（即：非持續(xù)性動(dòng)作）。6.【2015重慶】13. In my hometown, there is always a harvest supper for the farmers after all the wheat_ cut.A. will have been B. will be C. was D. has been【答案】D 【考點(diǎn)定位】考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)【名師點(diǎn)睛】 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)由“have/has+過(guò)去分詞”構(gòu)

42、成，主要有兩個(gè)含義： 表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去，但與現(xiàn)在的情況有聯(lián)系，有時(shí)無(wú)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，有時(shí)和一些表示不確定的過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用表示從過(guò)去某一時(shí)間開(kāi)始一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并還可能繼續(xù)延續(xù)下去的動(dòng)作，用于延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，且句中常帶有表示一段時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。7.【2015浙江】8. Albert Einstein was born in 1879. As a child, few people guessed that he a famous scientist whose theories would change the world.A. has been B. had been C. was going to

43、be D. was【答案】C【解析】試題分析：句意：愛(ài)因斯坦出生于1879年，小的時(shí)候很少人猜到他將會(huì)成為一個(gè)偉大的科學(xué)家，他的理論將會(huì)改變?nèi)澜?。根?jù)句意，應(yīng)該是表達(dá)過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)，所以只有C選項(xiàng)符合。該選項(xiàng)是使用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表將來(lái)。A選項(xiàng)是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)（用以表達(dá)過(guò)去的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響，往往有一些關(guān)鍵的詞比如說(shuō)since或者是for加一段時(shí)間），B選項(xiàng)是過(guò)去完成時(shí)(具備的條件是有兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞，而且其中一個(gè)動(dòng)作要在另一個(gè)動(dòng)作之前發(fā)生，那么這個(gè)之前發(fā)生的動(dòng)詞就使用過(guò)去完成時(shí))，C選項(xiàng)是過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)（過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過(guò)去某一此刻正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，另外動(dòng)詞going的進(jìn)行時(shí)還可以表達(dá)將來(lái)），D選項(xiàng)是過(guò)去時(shí)（表達(dá)過(guò)去的

44、動(dòng)作）。結(jié)合以上的表述以及后句使用的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞would（will 的過(guò)去時(shí)，用于過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)），分析可知答案就是C?！究键c(diǎn)定位】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)【名師點(diǎn)睛】分析4個(gè)選項(xiàng)可以知道，該題考查的其實(shí)是不同的時(shí)態(tài)。掌握英語(yǔ)的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)，必須掌握好英語(yǔ)中的助動(dòng)詞(do, be, have)和時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)這兩個(gè)核心問(wèn)題，如本題的1879, would change的提示。另外也要結(jié)合使用語(yǔ)境綜合分析選項(xiàng)，最終得出答案。8.【2015天津】9. Despite the previous rounds of talks, no agreement_ so far by the two sides.A. has been

45、 reached B. was reached C. will reachD. will have reached【答案】A【考點(diǎn)定位】考查時(shí)態(tài)。【名師點(diǎn)睛】本題考查時(shí)態(tài)?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果,也可表示過(guò)去已經(jīng)開(kāi)始,一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。分析此題只需要牢牢抓住時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)so far“到目前為止”，從而判定出所應(yīng)當(dāng)運(yùn)用的時(shí)態(tài)。9.【2015天津】6. Jane cant attend the meeting at 3 oclock this afternoon because she _ a class at that time. A. will te

46、achB. would teach C. has taught D. will be teaching【答案】D【解析】試題分析：句意：簡(jiǎn)不能參加今天下午3點(diǎn)鐘的會(huì)議，因?yàn)樗莻€(gè)時(shí)候在一個(gè)班上課。根據(jù)句中的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)at that time，指代at 3 oclock this afternoon，表示在將來(lái)的某一時(shí)刻正在做某事，故用將來(lái)完成時(shí)。故選D?！究键c(diǎn)定位】考查時(shí)態(tài)?！久麕燑c(diǎn)睛】本題考查時(shí)態(tài)。將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)主要表示將來(lái)某一時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，或表示要在將來(lái)某一時(shí)間開(kāi)始，并繼續(xù)下去的動(dòng)作。分析此題需抓住時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，以及that time所代指的時(shí)間，再聯(lián)系所學(xué)將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)所應(yīng)用的范圍及句意可以選擇

47、正確的答案。10.【2015四川】4.More expressways in Sichuan soon to promote the local economy.A. are being built B. will be built C. have been built D. had been built【答案】B【解析】試題分析：考查時(shí)態(tài)。本句為時(shí)態(tài)題，根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)soon可知，考查了將來(lái)時(shí)，故選擇B。句意為：四川將建設(shè)更多的高速公路以促進(jìn)當(dāng)?shù)氐慕?jīng)濟(jì)?！究键c(diǎn)定位】考查時(shí)態(tài)【名師點(diǎn)睛】本題考查時(shí)態(tài)。英語(yǔ)中的時(shí)態(tài)是靠動(dòng)詞的變化來(lái)體現(xiàn)的，在具體做題時(shí)，需要關(guān)注的是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。因此，考生在做本題時(shí)，需

48、要先找出時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)soon，然后才能準(zhǔn)確判斷時(shí)態(tài)是一般將來(lái)時(shí)。通過(guò)觀察選項(xiàng)可知，選項(xiàng)A是現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)；選項(xiàng)B是一般將來(lái)時(shí)；選項(xiàng)C是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；選項(xiàng)D是過(guò)去完成時(shí)。故選擇B。11.【2015陜西】24. At college, Barack Obama didnt know that he the first black president of the United States of America.A. was to become B. becomes C. is to become D. became 【答案】A【考點(diǎn)定位】考查過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)【名師點(diǎn)睛】英語(yǔ)中的時(shí)態(tài)主要由動(dòng)詞的形式?jīng)Q定，因此在學(xué)

49、習(xí)英語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)，要注意分析動(dòng)詞形式及具體語(yǔ)境，想象在那個(gè)特定的時(shí)間動(dòng)作所發(fā)生的背景，這個(gè)動(dòng)作是經(jīng)常性動(dòng)作、一般性動(dòng)作、進(jìn)行性動(dòng)作、完成性動(dòng)作還是將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。這題的解題關(guān)鍵是didnt know。12.【2015陜西】22. Mary really hard on his book and thinks hell have finished it by Friday.A. worked B. has been working C. had worked D. has worked【答案】B【解析】試題分析：句意：Marty一直努力寫(xiě)書(shū)，我想他到周五為止將已經(jīng)完成了。用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示從過(guò)去到

50、現(xiàn)在一直進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。所以選B。【考點(diǎn)定位】考查現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)【名師點(diǎn)睛】英語(yǔ)中的時(shí)態(tài)主要由動(dòng)詞的形式?jīng)Q定，因此在學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)，要注意分析動(dòng)詞形式及具體語(yǔ)境，想象在那個(gè)特定的時(shí)間動(dòng)作所發(fā)生的背景，這個(gè)動(dòng)作是經(jīng)常性動(dòng)作、一般性動(dòng)作、進(jìn)行性動(dòng)作、完成性動(dòng)作還是將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示從過(guò)去到現(xiàn)在一直進(jìn)行可能還要繼續(xù)進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。13.【2015福建】30.Where is Peter? I cant find him anywhere.He went to the library after breakfast and his essay there ever since.wroteB.

51、had writtenC. has been writing D. is writing【答案】C【考點(diǎn)定位】考查現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)【名師點(diǎn)睛】時(shí)態(tài)的考察在高考題的應(yīng)用中也是無(wú)處不在的，時(shí)態(tài)本身的考察也是千變?nèi)f化的，本題旨在考查學(xué)生對(duì)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的理解和用法的熟悉程度，要求結(jié)合語(yǔ)境進(jìn)行分析，根據(jù)句子的意思可以判斷出當(dāng)前應(yīng)該使用哪一種時(shí)態(tài)，本題中也有一定的暗示時(shí)態(tài)的標(biāo)志ever since，從而可以判斷出應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。14.【2015福建】26.To my delight, Ifrom hundreds of applicants to attend the opening ceremon

52、y.A. was chosenB. was being chosen C. would choose D. had chosen【答案】A【解析】試題分析：考查時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。根據(jù)句意：讓我高興的是，我從成百上千的參加者中被選中參加開(kāi)幕式?？梢灾肋@里應(yīng)該是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，又因?yàn)楸贿x中是過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情，這里只是對(duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情的一般描述，故用一般過(guò)去式，故選A?！究键c(diǎn)定位】考查時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)辨析?！久麕燑c(diǎn)睛】本題旨在考查句子的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)，要求學(xué)生明確地掌握各個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)的定義以及它們?cè)跁r(shí)間上的劃分段和用法，以及不同語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法。時(shí)態(tài)也是高考題的一個(gè)重點(diǎn)。辨明句子的時(shí)態(tài)，一是看句子中有沒(méi)有明確表示時(shí)態(tài)的關(guān)鍵詞，另一個(gè)

53、方法就是結(jié)合句意判斷動(dòng)詞的發(fā)生時(shí)間是在什么時(shí)候。15.【2015江蘇】30.The real reason why prices _ , and still are, too high is complex, and no short discussion can satisfactorily explain this problem.A. were B. will be C. have been D. had been【答案】A【解析】試題分析：句意：過(guò)去和現(xiàn)在價(jià)格一直居高不下的真正原因很復(fù)雜，簡(jiǎn)短的討論解釋這一問(wèn)題無(wú)法讓人滿(mǎn)意。根據(jù)題干中“and still are”的提示可知過(guò)去價(jià)格也居

54、高不下，故用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，表示過(guò)去的狀態(tài)。故選A項(xiàng)?！究键c(diǎn)定位】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)【名師點(diǎn)睛】做時(shí)態(tài)題時(shí)，考生應(yīng)抓住時(shí)態(tài)標(biāo)志詞，即題干中明顯的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)或已有動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)，利用時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)的原則迅速鎖定正確答案。本題中已有動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，still暗示前面用一般過(guò)去時(shí)與此呼應(yīng)。C項(xiàng)容易誤選，這里現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示從過(guò)去到現(xiàn)在一直是這種狀態(tài)，包括了現(xiàn)在，與后面的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)有重復(fù)部分，故排除。16.【2015安徽】29.It is reported that a space station _ on the moon in years to come.A. will be building B. will b

55、e built C. has been building D. has been built【答案】B【考點(diǎn)定位】考查時(shí)態(tài)【名師點(diǎn)睛】本題考查時(shí)態(tài)。做時(shí)態(tài)類(lèi)的題目，需要從句中找出時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，沒(méi)有時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，需要結(jié)合句意來(lái)判斷句子的時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)“in years to come”可知，這里說(shuō)的是將來(lái)的事情，且空間站是被建造的，space station和build是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，應(yīng)該用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。17.【2015安徽】24.Just as I got to the school gate, I realised I _ my bank in the cafe.A. have leftB. had left

56、C would leaveD. was leaving【答案】B【解析】試題分析：句意：我剛一到學(xué)校門(mén)口，就意識(shí)到我把書(shū)落在餐館了。realized后省略了that，這里是一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句，從句時(shí)態(tài)與主句保持一致，“落下”的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在“意識(shí)到”之前，應(yīng)該用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，故選B?！究键c(diǎn)定位】考查時(shí)態(tài)【名師點(diǎn)睛】本題考查時(shí)態(tài)。賓語(yǔ)從句的“三要素”是連接詞、時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)序。連接詞主要可分為三種，即that；if/whether；what/how/when/where等；賓語(yǔ)從句用陳述句語(yǔ)序；賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)要與主句保持一致，發(fā)生在“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”的動(dòng)作，用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。18.【2015湖南】28.He must h

57、ave sensed that I _ him. He suddenly glanced at me and said quietly, Why are you staring at me like that?A. would look atB. looked atC. was looking atD. am looking at【答案】C【考點(diǎn)定位】考查時(shí)態(tài)?！久麕燑c(diǎn)睛】根據(jù)選項(xiàng)可以知道，該題考查的其實(shí)是不同的時(shí)態(tài)。掌握英語(yǔ)的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)，必須掌握好英語(yǔ)中的助動(dòng)詞(do, be, have)和時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)這兩個(gè)核心問(wèn)題，如根據(jù)本題的He must have sensed和He suddenly g

58、lanced at me and said quietly提示。另外也要結(jié)合使用語(yǔ)境綜合分析選項(xiàng)，最終得出答案。 19.【2015湖南】25.I wasnt able to hide my eagerness when I _, What do you wish me to do now?A. askB. have asked C. am askingD. asked【答案】D【解析】試題分析：一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間里發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，常和表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。此題主句的時(shí)態(tài)為一般過(guò)去時(shí)，表示這個(gè)事情和動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去，故從句時(shí)態(tài)也要用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。句意：我不能隱藏我的渴望，當(dāng)我問(wèn)道，“你現(xiàn)在希望

59、我做些什么？”故選D【考點(diǎn)定位】考查時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的時(shí)態(tài)。【名師點(diǎn)睛】分析4個(gè)選項(xiàng)可以知道，該題考查的其實(shí)是不同的時(shí)態(tài)。掌握英語(yǔ)的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)，必須掌握好英語(yǔ)中的助動(dòng)詞(do, be, have)和時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)這兩個(gè)核心問(wèn)題，如本題的I wasnt able to是一個(gè)提示。另外也要結(jié)合使用語(yǔ)境綜合分析選項(xiàng)，最終得出答案。20.【2015湖南】22.As you go through this book, you _ that each of the millions of people who lived through World War II had a different experience.A

60、. will findB. foundC. had foundD. have found【答案】A【解析】試題分析：一般將來(lái)時(shí)表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或情況。在一般將來(lái)時(shí)的句子中，有時(shí)有表示將來(lái)時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)，有時(shí)沒(méi)有時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，這時(shí)要從意思上判斷是否指未來(lái)的動(dòng)作或情況。句意：當(dāng)你通讀這本書(shū)的時(shí)候，你將會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)成千上萬(wàn)的經(jīng)歷過(guò)二戰(zhàn)的每個(gè)人都有不同的經(jīng)歷。根據(jù)句意，判斷主語(yǔ)的時(shí)態(tài)為一般將來(lái)時(shí)，故選A【考點(diǎn)定位】考查時(shí)態(tài)?！久麕燑c(diǎn)睛】本題旨在考查句子的時(shí)態(tài)，要求學(xué)生明確地掌握各個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)的定義以及它們?cè)跁r(shí)間上的劃分段和用法?！爸鷦?dòng)詞will或shall+動(dòng)詞原形”這一形式，表示將來(lái)發(fā)生的事情，用于征求對(duì)方的意見(jiàn)或表