小升初英語基礎(chǔ)知識大全【期末復習必備】

1、小學英語基礎(chǔ)知識大全第一局部：基礎(chǔ)知識.字母：26個字母的大小寫ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefg hijklmnopq rstuvwxyz.語音：元音的發(fā)音五個元音字母：A曰0U12個單元音：音音音音元元元元前中后雙：i： i/e/ae:：a： d ： u ： u A（8個）合口雙元音（5 個）ai ei au eu oi集中雙元音（3個）i8eaua.詞匯：詞匯量，近反義詞.句子：大小寫，標點符號第二局部：語法知識一.名詞：名詞單復數(shù)，名詞的格（一）名詞單復數(shù)般情況，直接力口-s,如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-b

2、eds以 s. x. sh. ch 結(jié)尾，力口-es, 如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾，變 y 為 i,再加-es,如：family-families, strawberrystrawberries以“f或fe”結(jié)尾，變f或fe為v,再加-es,如：knife-knives不規(guī)那么名詞復數(shù)：man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-micechild-children, foot-feet, t

3、ooth-teeth, fish-fish, people-people, Chinese- Chinese, Japanese-Japanese不可數(shù)名詞的復數(shù)就是原型：paper, juice, water, milk, rice, tea（二）名詞的格有生命的東西的名詞所有格：a）單數(shù)后加s 如：Lucys ruler my fathers shirtb）以s結(jié)尾的復數(shù)名詞后加如：his friendsbagsc）不以s結(jié)尾的復數(shù)后加s childrens shoes并列名詞中，如果把s加在最后一個名詞后，表示共有，如：Tom and MikeJs car湯姆和邁克共有的小汽車要表示所有

4、物不是共有的，應分別在并列名詞后加sTomJs and MikeJs cars湯姆和麥克各自的小汽車（2）表示無生命東西的名詞通常用“ of +名詞”來表示所有關(guān)系：如：小升初英語試題一、Choose the proper answers.選擇正確答案(30%)()1. There is egg for you, egg is for you .A the zan B an, an C. the Jhe D an, the()2. beautiful the flowers are!A. How B What C. How a b. What a()3.1 will go to Beijing

5、 my parents.A on B for C with D in()4. The book is very. Im in it.A. interested, interested B. interesting, interestedC. interesting, interesting b. interested, interesting()5. My mother was angry me yesterday.A. on B. with C. for D. in()6. He three pictures yesterday.A draw B draws C drawed D drew(

6、)7-Excuse me ,is the nearest shop?-Go straight along this street, and turn right.A. where B. who C. how b. what()8. The White House is in .A. France B. china C. Washington D.C D. Egypt()9.Which is the capital of France? .A. London B. Pairs C. Washington DC b. Beijing()10. We should turn the lights w

7、hen we leave the room.A. on B. in C. to b. off()11. The Great Wall is a famous place. people visit it every year.A. Thousand B. Thousands C. Thousands of D. Thousand of()12. We shouldnt cut down trees and waste water.A .too many, too many B. too many, too muchC. much too, too many D. too much, too m

8、any()13. There a big garden and many beautiful parks in this city.A .has B have C. be D .is()14. Our teachers always tells us waste water.A not B to not C dont D not to()15.They enjoyed stories.A .read B reading C. to read b. Reads二、Look and choose.(根據(jù)問句，選擇正確的答句)20%()1. How are you feeing now?A. He

9、is 165cm tall.()2. Whats your new music teacher like? B. She is tall and thin.()3. Does he go to work by bike every day? C. Very well.iob. By plane.No, there isnt.He likes takingNoz he doesnt.Near the postShe works in a bank.on Sunday afternoon( )4. Where does your mother work?()5. Whats your f rien

10、ds hobby?()6. Where is your school? pictures( )7. When are you going to the library?( )8. Is there a bank near here? office.()9. How do people go to New York?()10. How tall is your father?三.句型轉(zhuǎn)換.(20%).They were at school last Sunday.(改為一般疑問句) at school last Sunday?. My holiday was wonderful.(就劃線局部提問

11、) your holiday?.Are there many books in the bookshop?(肯定回答) , there.My good friends will take a train to Xian.(同義句)My good friends will go to Xian.can see some desks in the classroom.(否認句)I see desks in the classroom.Look at the flowers! at the f lowers!(改為否認句).There are some new leaves on the trees

12、.(改為般疑問句) there new leaves on the trees?.My hobby is collecting stamps.(對戈U線局部提問) is hobby?.students, to , their, greener, the, want, make, country，)(連詞組句)*10.waterz dirty, we, not, make, should(.)(連詞組句)四、Fill in the blanks.(用所給單詞的適當形式填空。)(20%)Look! Amy is( run ) on the grass.(see) a film tomorrow.3

13、. Amy often( do ) word puzzles on the weekend.4.she (ride)a bike last Saturday?5. There( are) no gyms last year.6.She (go) home with her friends last night.7.1 am going to (visit) the Great Wall. Will you(go) with me?.li8.This is his bike and(she) is over there.9.My sister always (read) English in t

14、he morning.1O.I live in one of those(building).12五.Complete the dialogue 補全對話(10%)A： Hello, Lisa.1)B： I was at the shop. There were many kinds of skirts there.A： Were they beautiful?B： I bought one.A：B： It was pink.A： (4)B： It was fifty yuan .A： B：OK. Lets go.Lets g。t。the cinema.How much was it?Wher

15、e were you yesterday?What colour was it?Yes, they were.13a picture of the classroom a map of China 第二局部：語法知識二.冠詞：不定冠詞，定冠詞種類：（1）不定冠詞：a/an a unit/an uncle元音開頭的可數(shù)名詞前用an :an egg / an apple / an orange / an eraser / an answer / an ID card / an alarm clock / an actor / an actress / an e-mail / an address

16、/ an event / an example / an opera / an houran old man / an interesting book / an exciting sport / an action movie / an art lesson /（2）定冠詞：the the egg the planeo 田抄短冠詞而用法：特指某（些）人或某（些）物：The ruler is on the desk.復述上文提到的人或物：He has a sweater. The sweater is new.談話雙方都知道的人或物：The boys arent at school.在序數(shù)詞前

17、： Johns birthday is February the second.用于固定詞組中：in the morning / afternoon / evening 不用冠詞的情況：專有名詞前：China is a big country.名詞前有定語：this , that, my , your, some, any , no 等： This is my baseball.復數(shù)名詞表示一類人和事：Monkeys can5t swim. They are teachers.在節(jié)日，日期，月份，季節(jié)前：Today is Christmas Day. Ifs Sunday.一日三餐前：We h

18、ave breakfast at 6:30.球類 棋類運動前：They often play football after class. He plays chess at home.*但樂器前要用定冠詞：I play the gidtar very well.學科名稱前：My favorite subject is music.在稱呼或頭銜的名詞前：This is Mr Li.固定詞組中：at noon at night by bus第二局部：語法知識三、代詞、形容詞、副詞代詞：人稱代詞，物主代詞人稱代詞物主代詞主格賓格第一人稱單數(shù)1（我）memy（我的）復數(shù)we（我們）usour（我們M）

19、第二人稱單數(shù)you（你）youyour（你的） 復數(shù)you（標們）youyour（你們的） 第三人稱單數(shù)he（他）himhis（他的）she（她）herher（施的）it(它)itits(它的)復數(shù)they（他們/她們/它們）themtheir（他們的/她們的/它們的）形容詞，副詞：比擬級，最高級（一）、形容詞的比擬級1、形容詞比擬級在句子中的運用：兩個事物或人的比擬用比擬級，比擬級后 面一般帶有單詞than。比擬級前面可以用more, a little來修飾表示程度。than 后的人稱代詞用主格（口語中可用賓格）。.形容詞加er的規(guī)那么： 一般在詞尾加er;以字母e結(jié)尾，加r;以一個元音字母

20、和一個輔音字母結(jié)尾，應雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加er;以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾,先把y變i,再加er。.不規(guī)那么形容詞比擬級：good-better, beautiful-more beautiful（二）副詞的比擬級1.形容詞與副詞的區(qū)別（有be用形，有形用be;有動用副，有副用動）在句子中形容詞一般處于名詞之前或be動詞之后 副詞在句子中最常見的是處于實義動詞之后2.副詞比擬級的變化規(guī)那么基本與形容詞比擬級相同(不規(guī)那么變化：well-better, far-farther)第二局部：語法知識四、數(shù)詞：基數(shù)詞、序數(shù)詞(1)1-20one, two, three, four, five, six

21、, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve, thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen, twenty(2)21-99先說“幾十”，再說“幾”，中間加連字符。23一twenty-three, 34一thirty-four, 45一fortyfive, 56-fifty-six, 67一sixty- seven, 78一seventy-eight, 89一eighty-nine, 91 一ninety-one(3)101-999先說“幾百，再力口 and,再加末兩

22、位數(shù)或末位數(shù)；586一five hundred and eighty-six, 803一eight hundred and three(4)l, 000以上,先從右往左數(shù),每三位數(shù)加一個“，”,第一個“，”前為thousand第二個“，”前為 million,第三個“，”前為 billion1, 001one thousand and one18, 423eighteen thousand, four hundred and twenty-three6, 260, 309一six million two hundred and sixty thousand three hundred and

23、nine750, 000, 000, OOOseven hundred and fifty billion 序數(shù)詞(1)一般在基數(shù)詞后加theg .four-fourth, thirteen 一 thirteenth(2)不規(guī)那么變化one一first, two一second, three一third, five一fifth, eight一eighth,nine一ninth, twelve-twelfth(3)以y結(jié)尾的十位整數(shù)，變y為ie再加thtwentytwentieth, forty 一 fortieth, ninety 一 ninetieth(4)從二十一后的“幾十幾”直至“幾百幾十

24、幾”或“幾千幾百幾十幾”只將個位的基 數(shù)詞變?yōu)樾驍?shù)詞。twenty-first, two hundred and forty-fifth基數(shù)詞轉(zhuǎn)為序數(shù)詞的口訣：基變序，有規(guī)律，詞尾加上-th.一，二，三，特殊記，詞尾字母Ld,cL八去t,九去e, ve要用f替。ty將y變成i, th前面有個e.假設(shè)是碰到幾十幾，前用基來后用序。第二局部：語法知識五、介詞：常用介詞：in, on, at, behindLat表示時間概念的某一個點。(在某時刻、時間、階段等)。at 1 ： 00(dawn, midnight, noon)在一點鐘(黎明、午夜、中午)2.on1)表示具體日期。注：關(guān)于“在周末”的幾

25、種表示法：at(on)the weekend 在周末-特指at(on)weekends 在周末-泛指over the weekend 在整個周末during the weekend 在周末期間(2)在圣誕節(jié)，應說 at Christmas?而不說 on Christmas?2)在(剛)的時候。On reaching the city he called up his parents.一到城里他就給父母打了一個 。3.in1)表示“時段“、“時期”，在多數(shù)情況下可以和during互換，前者強調(diào)比照，后者 強調(diào)持續(xù)。in(during)1988(December, the 20th century

26、)在一九八八年(十二 月、二十世紀)六、動詞：動詞的四種時態(tài)：一般現(xiàn)在時：一般現(xiàn)在時的構(gòu)成Lbe動詞：主語+be(am, is, are)+其它。如：I am a boy.我是一個男孩。2.行為動詞：主語+行為動詞(+其它)。如：We study English.我們學習英 語。當主語為第三人稱單數(shù)(he, she, it)時，要在動詞后加或如：Mary likes Chinese瑪麗喜歡漢語。動詞+s的變化規(guī)那么1.一般情況下,直接加-s,如：cook-cooks, milk-milks2.以 s. x. sh. ch. o 結(jié)尾,力口-es, 如：guess-guesses, wash-w

27、ashes, watchwatches, go-goes3.以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾，變y為i,再加-es,如：study-studies（2）一般過去時：動詞過去式詳解動詞的過去式的構(gòu)成規(guī)那么有：A、規(guī)那么動詞 一般直接在動詞的后面加ed：如worked 5 learned , cleaned , visited 以e結(jié)尾的動詞直接加d：如lived , danced , used 以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的動詞要改y為i再加ed（此類動詞較少）如study - studied carry - carried worry - worried （注意 play、stay 不是輔音字母力口 y,所 以不

28、屬于此類）雙寫最后一個字母（此類動詞較少）如stoppedB、不規(guī)那么動詞（此類詞并無規(guī)那么，須熟記）小學階段要記住以下動詞的原形和過 去式：sing - sang 3 eat - ate 3see - saw , have - had , do - did , go - went,take - took ,buy -bought,get-got, read - read ,fly - flew , am/is- was ,are - were , say - said 5 leave - left, swim -swam , tell - told, draw - drew,come - c

29、ame , lose - lost, find - found , drink - drank , hurt - hurt, feel - felt （3）一般將來時：基本結(jié)構(gòu)：be going to + do;will+ do. be going to = willI am going to go swimming tomoirow（明天）.=I w川 go swimming tomorrow.（4）現(xiàn)在進行時：am,is,are+動詞現(xiàn)在分詞動詞現(xiàn)在分詞詳解 動詞的ing形式的構(gòu)成規(guī)那么：一般的直接在后面加上 ing ,如 doing , going , working , singing

30、 , eating以e結(jié)尾的動詞，要先去e再加ing ,如having , writing 雙寫最后一個字母的（此類動詞極少）有：running , swimming , sitting ,getting第三局部：句法1 .陳述句(1)肯定句：是指用肯定的語氣來陳述的句子，如:Im a student. She is a doctor. He works in a hospital.There are four fans in our classroom. He will eat lunch at 12:00. I watched TV yesterday evening.（2）、否認句：含有

31、否認詞或表示否認意義詞的句子，如：Im not a student. She is not （isnt） a doctor.He does not (doesnt) work in a hospital. There are not (arent) four fans in our classroom.He will not (wont) eat lunch at 12:00. I did not (didnJt) watch TV yesterday evening.疑問句一般疑問句：是指詢問事實的句子，此類句子必須用“yes”，或“no”來回答。特殊疑問句：以特殊疑問詞(what, whe

32、re , who , which , when 5 whose , why 5 how等)開頭引導的句子。此類句子應該問什么就答什么，不能用“yes、n?！眮?回答。.There be 句型There be句型與have, has的區(qū)另ij1、There be句型表示：在某地有某物(或人)2、在there be句型中，主語是單數(shù)，be動詞用is ;主語是復數(shù)，be動詞用 are;如有幾件物品，be動詞根據(jù)最*近be動詞的那個名詞決定。3 there be句型的否認句在be動詞后加not, 一般疑問句把be動詞調(diào)到句 首。4、there be句型與have(has)的區(qū)別：there be表示在

33、某地有某物(或 人);have(has)表示某人擁有藁物。5、some和any在there be句型中的運用：some用于肯定句，any用于 否認句或疑問句。6、and和or在there be句型中的運用：and用于肯定句，or用于否認句或 疑問句。7、針對數(shù)量提問的特殊疑問句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是：How many +名詞復數(shù) + are there + 介詞短語？How much +不可數(shù)名詞+ is there +介詞短語？8、針對主語提問的特殊疑問句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是：Whafs +介詞短語？姓名： 班級：小升初總復習資料之句子篇六下：問句及答語What do you want to eat?你想吃什

34、么？I want a hamburger.我想要漢堡包。What do you want to drink?你想喝什么?I want to drink milk,我想喝牛奶。Can I help you?我能幫助你嗎?I want a hot dog, please.我要一個熱狗。How much is it?多少錢?If s thirteen dollars and twenty-five cents.When are we going to eat?我們將在幾點吃？At half past twelve.在十二點半。What time is it now?現(xiàn)在幾點?If s half pa

35、st eleven.11 點半。When are you going to the park?你們將幾點去公園?We are going to the park at 10 o clock,我們將在 10 點去公園What are you going to do after dinner?你晚飯后將做什么？I am going to play chess.我將下象棋。How are you?你好嗎？I am fine,Thank you.我很好。謝謝你。Where is your mum?你媽媽在哪里？She is at the supermarket.她在超市。Am I going to h

36、ave a party?我將去參加聚會嗎?Yes, you are.是的，你是。Who can help me?誰能幫助我?I can.我能。Did you go to a zoo?你去過動物園嗎?No, I didn t.不，我沒有。Why are you wearing a raincoat?你為什么穿著雨衣?Because if s going to rain,因為天將下雨。What are you doing?你正在做什么?I am writing goodbye letters.我正在寫離另ij信。Are you going to Park Middle School?你將上公園中學嗎?Yes, I am.是的。How will you go to school?你將如何上學?By bus.乘公交車。When will you go home?你將幾點回家?I will go home at 10 o clock.我將在 10 點回家。What subjects will you study?你將學習什么學科？Chinese,Maths,English,physics,chemistry,music,art.語文,數(shù)學，英語，物理， 化學，音樂，美術(shù)。