遼寧省六校2019-2020學(xué)年高一英語下學(xué)期期中試題含解析

1、遼寧省六校2019_2020學(xué)年高一英語下學(xué)期期中試題含解析遼寧省六校2019_2020學(xué)年高一英語下學(xué)期期中試題含解析PAGE PAGE - 38 -遼寧省六校2019_2020學(xué)年高一英語下學(xué)期期中試題含解析遼寧省六校20192020學(xué)年高一英語下學(xué)期期中試題（含解析）總分150分，考試用時(shí)100分鐘。選擇題部分第一部分 聽力（共兩節(jié),滿分30分)略第二部分 閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2。5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題紙上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AThe London Underground (The Tu

2、be）The main source of public transport in London revolves around the Underground （or the Tube as it is known to Londoners）。 This network of 12 lines can get you to most places in the center of the city quickly.Its almost necessary to get an Oyster Card or a Travelcard. Single tickets are priced star

3、ting at the intentionally absurd price of 4.80 （Zone13), if you pay cash. Using an Oyster Card， a single fare is 2。30 if you are traveling within the central Zone 1。On hot days it is also advisable to take a bottle of water with you as Underground trains are not airconditioned。Last trains leave cent

4、ral London at around 00:30 weekdays， 23：30 Sundays. First trains leave the suburbs at around 5:00.The Bus SystemOutside the center of London, Tube Stations are farther apart， so buses help fill the gaps. Also， the bus offers a cheaper alternative， even if it is a slower journey.Cash fares for London

5、 buses have been abolished - you cannot pay cash. A bus fare costs 1。50 if people only use buses， and the fare is capped at 4。40 per day for Oyster or contactless card users。Light Rail and TrainsYou can think of the Docklands Light Railway (DLR) and the Tramlink as extensions of the Underground， Tra

6、velcards purchased at Tube Stations in East London。 The DLR connects with a number of the other train services （including connections at Tower Hill or Bank Stations) and can be used to reach Greenwich， Canary Wharf， and Stratford.River ServicesThere are a number of different routes along the River T

7、hames。 The faster commuter services operate all day from Greenwich Pier to Embankment and from Putney and Chelsea harbour to Blackfriars during Peak Hours only. These routes will pass a number of places of interest including the Houses of Parliament and London Bridge。 A return fare from Putney to Bl

8、ackfriars will cost about 12 pounds.National RailOnce you leave Central London or if you are traveling South of the River Thames， the best public transport option will often be National Rail。 There are numerous connections to the Rail System from the Tube。 Travelcards can be used for travel on the N

9、ational Rail (but not the Heathrow Express）。 Oyster cards can be used up to Zone 6 except certain services including Heathrow Express, Heathrow Connect and HS1.1。 When taking the London Underground, you _。A。 should buy tickets with cashB。 can go to any place in London quicklyC. can save more money w

10、ith a single ticketD。 are advised to take a bottle of water along on hot days2. If you use river services along the River Thames, you will pass _.A。 London BridgeB。 StratfordC. Canary WharfD. Tower Hill3. To travel South of the River Thames, it is recommended that you use _。A。 the London Underground

11、B. the Bus SystemC. the DLR and the TramlinkD. National Rail【答案】1. D 2。 A 3。 D【解析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文,介紹了倫敦幾種公共交通工具的相關(guān)信息?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)The London Underground （The Tube)部分中的“On hot days it is also advisable to take a bottle of water with you as Underground trains are not airconditioned。”可知，在倫敦,大熱天乘坐地鐵時(shí)，你最好隨身攜帶一

12、瓶水，因?yàn)榈罔F內(nèi)沒有空調(diào)，故D項(xiàng)正確。【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)River Services部分中的“There are a number of different routes along the River Thames.”及“These routes will pass a number of places of interest including the Houses of Parliament and London Bridge.可知，泰晤士河沿岸有許多不同的路線，這些路線將經(jīng)過許多名勝，包括議會(huì)大廈和倫敦橋,由此可知,如果你乘坐泰晤士河沿岸的公共交通路線的話，你會(huì)經(jīng)過倫敦橋,故

13、A項(xiàng)正確?！?題詳解】根據(jù)National Rail部分中的“Once you leave Central London or if you are traveling South of the River Thames， the best public transport option will often be National Rail。”可知，一旦你離開倫敦市中心，或者你在泰晤士河以南旅行，最好的公共交通選擇通常是國家鐵路，故D項(xiàng)正確.BNowadays， many parents are so busy that they seldom have family meals with

14、their children. But this is wrong。A Harvard study found that families that eat together are twice as likely to eat their five servings of fruits and vegetables a day as families who dont eat together。 Families also eat less fried food when they eat together. Finally, children who regularly eat with

15、family have diets higher in fiber, calcium， iron， and vitamins B6， B12， C and E.During family meals， parents can set a good example of healthy eating that children may follow. They also display polite table manners。 Family meals teach children important skills。When a family eats together, kids can l

16、earn about nutrition and healthy eating。 In many studies of school。aged children， those who eat family meals have a higher level of nutrition knowledge。When a family eats together, kids learn about food safety， like hand washing before eating。Children who have company at meals are slimmer than those

17、 who eat alone。 Thats because they eat less, eat more slowly， and talk more。 This is a good way to deter obesity in children.Family meals can help children build vocabulary。 Studies showed kids who ate with their families performed better at school and had a broader vocabulary。 Family meals offer an

18、 opportunity for conversations where kids learn vocabulary-building words to help them read and communicate better。Children gain a better sense of belonging within the family when they eat together with their parents at home。 Family meals offer a time for a family to come together as a group and dev

19、elop a feeling of belonging。 That sense of belonging leads to better self。esteem。In conclusion， family meals are very important。4。 The writer wants to tell us that .A. eating together with family is a good chance to teach childrenB. its more advantageous for children to eat with their familiesC。 its

20、 desirable for children to eat more regularlyD. enjoying family meals is equal to eating a big and delicious dinner5. Which of the following statements is NOT true？A. Having a company meal is easy to become fatter and fatter.B。 In the mealtime， parents should set a good example of healthy eating.C.

21、Family meals can help children with a higher level of nutrition knowledge。D. Family meals can make children form the good habit of eating。6. What does the underlined word “deter” in Paragraph 6 mean？A. Find。B. Replace。C。 PreventD. Improve。7。 What is the passage mainly about?A. Why family is importan

22、t to kids。B。 How to eat in a healthy way。C。 How to raise children well。D. Why family meals are important.【答案】4。 B 5. A 6. C 7。 D【解析】這是一篇說明文.文章講述了，一項(xiàng)研究表明:在一起吃飯的家庭比不在一起吃飯的家庭,對(duì)孩子有更積極的影響，其積極影響體現(xiàn)在多個(gè)方面?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。由第二段中的“A Harvard study found that families that eat together are twice as likely to eat thei

23、r five servings of fruits and vegetables a day as families who dont eat together。（哈佛大學(xué)的一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，一起吃飯的家庭每天吃五份水果和蔬菜的可能性是不在一起的家庭的兩倍。）和“Finally, children who regularly eat with family have diets higher in fiber, calcium， iron， and vitamins B6, B12, C and E。（最后，經(jīng)常和家人一起吃飯的孩子，其膳食纖維、鈣、鐵和維生素B6、B12、C和E含量較高.）以及下

24、文告訴我們小孩子和家人一起共餐的許多好處，可推斷出作者想要告訴讀者孩子們和家人一起吃飯更有好處。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題.由第三段首句“During family meals, parents can set a good example of healthy eating that children may follow。”（在家庭聚餐期間，父母可以樹立孩子們可以效仿的健康飲食的好榜樣。），可知B項(xiàng)正確；由第四段首句“When a family eats together， kids can learn about nutrition and healthy eating?！?當(dāng)一家

25、人一起吃飯時(shí),孩子們可以學(xué)習(xí)營養(yǎng)和健康飲食。），可知C項(xiàng)正確；由第三段中的“They also display polite table manners.”（他們還表現(xiàn)出禮貌的餐桌禮儀。）和第五段首句“When a family eats together, kids learn about food safety, like hand washing before eating.”（當(dāng)一家人一起吃飯時(shí)，孩子們會(huì)學(xué)習(xí)食品安全，比如飯前洗手。),可知D項(xiàng)正確；A項(xiàng)未提及.故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】詞義猜測題。由第六段中的“Children who have company at meals are

26、slimmer than those who eat alone。”（吃飯有伴的孩子比單獨(dú)吃飯的孩子苗條。）,可知這是阻止小孩肥胖的好方法。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】主旨大意題.由第二段首句“A Harvard study found that families that eat together are twice as likely to eat their five servings of fruits and vegetables a day as families who dont eat together。”（哈佛大學(xué)的一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn),一起吃飯的家庭每天吃五份水果和蔬菜的可能性是不在一起

27、的家庭的兩倍。），第三段首句“During family meals, parents can set a good example of healthy eating that children may follow.”（在家庭聚餐期間，父母可以樹立孩子們可以效仿的健康飲食的好榜樣。),第四段首句“When a family eats together, kids can learn about nutrition and healthy eating?！保ó?dāng)一家人一起吃飯時(shí)，孩子們可以學(xué)習(xí)營養(yǎng)和健康飲食。）,第五段首句“When a family eats together, kids l

28、earn about food safety， like hand washing before eating.”（當(dāng)一家人一起吃飯時(shí)，孩子們會(huì)學(xué)習(xí)食品安全，比如飯前洗手。），第六段首句“Children who have company at meals are slimmer than those who eat alone。(吃飯有伴的孩子比單獨(dú)吃飯的孩子苗條。）,第七段首句“Family meals can help children build vocabulary.”（家庭聚餐可以幫助孩子們建立詞匯量。)和第八段首句“Children gain a better sense of

29、belonging within the family when they eat together with their parents at home。”(當(dāng)孩子們?cè)诩依锖透改敢黄鸪燥垥r(shí)，他們會(huì)獲得更好的家庭歸屬感.），可知作者從一起吃飯的好處表明和家庭聚餐很重要.故選D項(xiàng)。CA storm hit Houston， Texas， on Tuesday。 It brought heavy rains and rising flood-waters. By Tuesday night, some parts of the city had received 10 inches of rain

30、. Police and firefighters helped people move to safe places. They also saved people from cars and buses that were stuck on roads.Certain areas around Houston were hit really hard。 In just four hours, more than seven inches of rain fell in Sugar Land in the southwest of Houston. Cars could not pass t

31、hrough any of the areas main roadways. On Twitter， Sugar Land city officials asked people to get to high ground。Tuesdays rain hit parts of Texas that Hurricane Harvey had already damaged almost two years ago。 Hurricane Harvey in August， 2017 was the second most costly hurricane in US history. It cau

32、sed 125 billion worth of damage in Texas。 In the Houston area， 36 people died and about 150， 000 homes were flooded.A spokesman for the Harris County Office of Homeland Security and Emergency Management spoke with the Houston Chronicle. The spokesman said that this weeks rain is “not in any way a Ha

33、rvey-level event.”But the worst may not be over yet。 People will have a break from the heavy rain on Wednesday。 According to the National Weather Service， the Texas Gulf Coast will continue to experience heavy rain later in the week。 ”Today should be our quietest over the next few days for rainfall，

34、” said Don Oettinger， a National Weather Service meteorologist (氣象學(xué)家）。Houston Fire Chief Samuel Peia warned， “As there is too much water on the ground, these are perfect conditions for flash floods, so we hope people are careful of what theyre doing and encourage them to stay home。 Theres no sense i

35、n putting yourself, firefighters or anybody in danger needlessly.”8. What are Paragraphs 1 and 2 mainly about？A. Flood damage in Houston。B。 Flood prevention in Houston。C。 Heavy floods hitting Houston.D. People fighting floods in Houston。9. What do we know about Hurricane Harvey?A。 It caused no death

36、s or injuries.B. It did a lot of damage to Texas.C. It was less serious than this weeks rain.D. It was the biggest hurricane on record。10。 What can we learn from the weather report of the National Weather Service?A. Fine days are coming.B。 It will rain a little nonstop.C。 A hurricane is unavoidable.

37、D。 Floods will continue。11. What did Samuel suggest local people do?A. Stay indoors。B。 Join firefighters.C. Give up needless things.D. Comfort those who lost homes?！敬鸢浮?。 C 9. B 10。 D 11。 A【解析】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章介紹一場風(fēng)暴襲擊了休斯敦，引發(fā)了大量降水和城市內(nèi)水位上漲，當(dāng)?shù)卣嵝讶藗兙蛹易⒁獍踩?【8題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中“Police and firefighters helped pe

38、ople move to safe places。 They also saved people from cars and buses that were stuck on roads.”和第二段中“Cars could not pass through any of the areas main roadways。可知，兩段主要在描寫大量降水導(dǎo)致休斯敦城市內(nèi)洪水泛濫造成的后果，C選項(xiàng)“泛濫的洪水襲擊了休斯敦”符合文意.故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)第三段最后兩句“It caused $125 billion worth of damage in Texas。 In the Hous

39、ton area， 36 people died and about 150, 000 homes were flooded.”可知，兩年前席卷德克薩斯州的颶風(fēng)造成了巨大的財(cái)產(chǎn)損失和人員傷亡，與B選項(xiàng)描述一致。故選B項(xiàng).【10題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段第三句“According to the National Weather Service， the Texas Gulf Coast will continue to experience heavy rain later in the week。并結(jié)合該段內(nèi)容可知，人們?cè)谥苋苌晕⑺煽跉?，但這一周后面幾天降水將會(huì)繼續(xù)，屆時(shí)洪水必然會(huì)再次泛

40、濫。故選D項(xiàng).【11題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)最后一段Samuel所說的話“As there is too much water on the ground， these are perfect conditions for flash floods, so we hope people are careful of what theyre doing and encourage them to stay home.可知，他希望人們注意安全，并鼓勵(lì)他們待在家里,與A選項(xiàng)“stay indoors”含義一致。故選A項(xiàng)。DMost of the new diseases we humans have

41、 faced in the past several decades have come from animals. The more we come into contact with wild animals the more we risk a socalled disease “spillover” from animals to humans.“As people move and wildlife move in response to a changing environment， humans and wildlife and animals will come in cont

42、act more regularly,” said Jeanne Fair from the Los Alamos National Laboratory in New Mexico. Fair argues that by shifting animal habitats, climate change will also make the opportunities for disease spillover more frequent。 “Everything is sort of shifting and will shift into the future as the enviro

43、nment changes through climate change, Fair said。Scientists, including climatologists and epidemiologists on Fairs team at Los Alamos， are beginning to model how changes to the climate will impact the spread of infectious diseases. Its early days for this kind of research, but previous studies sugges

44、t that extreme weather has already played a role in at least one outbreak。 Scientists say drought and deforestation have combined to force bats out of rainforests and into orchards(果園）in Malaysia to find food。 Those bats, a common disease reservoir， then passed the Nipah virus through pigs to humans

45、 for the first time in the late 1990s.“Were going by the past data to really predict whats going to happen in the future，” Fair said, “And so, anytime you increase that wildlifehuman interface， thats sort of an emerging disease hot spot。 And so, thats just increasing as we go forward?！盝effrey Shaman

46、， head of the climate and health program at Columbia Universitys public health school， argues we dont yet know whether climate change will cause a net increase in infectious disease rates globally。 For example, mosquitoes carry disease that affects millions of people across the world every year。 As

47、their habitats expand in some parts of the world， they might contract diseases elsewhere。 Shaman says what we know for certain about climate change is that it will make it harder to predict where disease outbreaks will pop up。12。 How does climate change affect the spread of disease according to Fair

48、？A。 By breaking animals habits.B. By increasing animals varieties。C. By promoting animals breeding.D. By changing animals living environment.13。 What is the example of bats for in paragraph 3?A。 Explaining the influence of Nipah virus。B。 Proving the harm of bats to human beings。C。 Showing the effect

49、s of climate change on disease。D. Presenting scientists early study about the cause of disease.14 What can we infer from Fairs words in paragraph 4？A。 Humans should give up studying animals.B. Past data can solve the problems in the future.C。 Disease hot spots will disappear if animals die out.D。 Fr

50、equent contact with animals can cause disease outbreaks.15. What could be the best title for the text?A。 Climate Change and Disease SpilloverB. Animals Interaction with HumansC. Scientists Prediction for Disease OutbreaksD。 Early Studies about Extreme Weather【答案】12. D 13. C 14. D 15. A【解析】本文為議論文。本文聚

51、焦氣候變化給人類帶來的影響,尤其會(huì)引起因人畜接觸而產(chǎn)生的疾病的集中暴發(fā).【12題詳解】推理判斷題.根據(jù)第二段最后Fair argues that by shifting animal habitats， climate change will also make the opportunities for disease spillover more frequent “Everything is sort of shifting and will shift into the future as the environment changes through climate change,”

52、 Fair said. 費(fèi)爾認(rèn)為，通過改變動(dòng)物棲息地,氣候變化也將使疾病蔓延的機(jī)會(huì)更加頻繁。:“隨著氣候變化造成環(huán)境變化，一切都在發(fā)生變化,并將向未來發(fā)展?！笨梢缘弥?天氣變化導(dǎo)致的動(dòng)物生存環(huán)境的變化,從而影導(dǎo)致疾病的蔓延。故選D?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題.第三段中的“drought and deforestation have combined to force bats out of rainforests and into orchards（果園）in Malaysia to find food. Those bats, a common disease reservoir, then

53、passed the Nipah virus through pigs to humans for the first time in the late 1990s”干旱和森林砍伐一起迫使蝙蝠離開雨林進(jìn)入馬來西亞的果園尋找食物.這些蝙蝠是一種常見的疾病的宿主,然后在20世紀(jì)90年代末首次通過豬將尼帕病毒傳給人類?？芍?，文中舉蝙蝠的例子就是為了更好的表明氣候變化對(duì)疾病產(chǎn)生的影響， 故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。第四段Fair said, “And so， anytime you increase that wildlifehuman interface， thats sort of an

54、emerging disease hot spot。 And so， thats just increasing as we go forward。 任何時(shí)候，只要你增加野生動(dòng)物與人類的接觸，那就是一種新出現(xiàn)的疾病熱點(diǎn)。由此可推斷出其主要用意是指過多的接觸野生動(dòng)物將會(huì)引起疾病暴發(fā).故選D。【15題詳解】主旨大意題。本文的主旨句在第一段“he more we come into contact with wild animals, the more we risk a socalled disease “spillover” from animals to human” 我們與野生動(dòng)物接觸越多,

55、就越有可能面臨染上從動(dòng)物“溢出”的疾病。接著下文用研究數(shù)據(jù)以及蝙蝠和蚊子為例來說明氣候變化導(dǎo)致環(huán)境變化，迫使有些動(dòng)物離開生存的環(huán)境，最終把疾病傳染給人類.由此可知，天氣的變化與疾病的關(guān)系?？芍狝符合題意，B選項(xiàng)范圍太大，C、D選項(xiàng)太片面。故選A。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12。5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Many scientists believe our love of sugar may actually be an addiction。 When we eat or drink sugary foods, the s

56、ugar enters our blood and affects parts of our brain that make us feel good。_16_In this way, it is in fact an addictive drug， one that doctors recommend we all cut down on?！癐t seems like every time I study an illness and trace a path to the first cause, I find my way back to sugar， says scientist Ri

57、chard Johnson. Onethird of adults worldwide have high blood pressure, and up to 347 million have diabetes. Why? “ _17_“ says Johnson。Our bodies are designed to survive on very little sugar. Early humans often had very little food， so our bodies learned to be very efficient in storing sugar as fat. I

58、n this way， we had energy stored for when there was no food. But today， most people have more than enough。 _18_So what is the solution? Its obvious that we need to eat less sugar. _19_From breakfast cereals to after-dinner desserts， our foods are increasingly filled with it. Some manufacturers even

59、use sugar to replace taste in foods that are advertised as low in fat.But there are those who are fighting back against sugar。 _20_Other schools are growing their own food in gardens, or building facilities like walking tracks so students and others in the community can exercise. The battle has not

60、yet been lost。A。 We take in more energy and fat.B. Then the good feeling goes away, leaving us wanting more。C。 Our ancestors were used to poor food, clothing and shelter.D。 So the very thing that once saved us， may now be killing us.E. Sugar, we believe， is one of the reasons， if not the major one。F