2021安徽職稱英語考試考前沖刺卷

1、第 頁2021安徽職稱英語考試考前沖刺卷本卷共分為1大題50小題，作答時間為180分鐘，總分100分，60分及格。一、單項選擇題（共50題，每題2分。每題的備選項中，只有一個最符合題意） 1. 下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題，每道題后面有4個選項。請根據(jù)文章的內容，從每題所給的4個選項中選擇1個最佳答案。 B第一篇/B BAlmost Human /B Scientists are racing to build the worlds first thinking robot. This is not science fiction: some say they will have mad

2、e it by the year 2020. Carol Packer reports. Machines that walk, speak and feel are no longer science fiction. Kismet is the name of an android (機器人) which scientists have built at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Kismet is different from the traditional robot because it can show hum

3、an emotions. Its eyes, ears and lips move to-show when it feels happy, sad or bored. Kismet is one of the first of a new generation of androids - robots that look like human beings - which can imitate human feelings. Cog, another android invented by the MIT, imitates the action of a mother. However,

4、 scientists admit that so far Cog has the mental ability of a two-year-old. The optimists (樂觀主義者) say that by the year 2020 we will have created humanoids (機器人) with brains similar to those of an adult human being. These robots will be designed to look like people to make them more attractive and ea

5、sier to sell to the public. What kind of jobs will they do In the future, robots like Robonaut, a humanoid invented by NASA, will be doing dangerous jobs, like repairing space stations. They will also be doing more and more of the household work for us. In Japan, scientists are designing androids th

6、at will entertain us by dancing and playing the piano. Some people worry about what the future holds: will robots become monsters (怪物) Will people themselves become increasingly like robots Experts predict that more and more people will be wearing micro-computers, connected to the Internet in the fu

7、ture. People will have micro-chips in various parts of their body, which will connect them to a wide variety of gadgets (小裝置). Perhaps we should not exaggerate (夸大) the importance of technology, but one wonders whether, in years to come, we will still be falling in love, and whether we will still fe

8、el pain. Who knows In the future robots will also Aexplore space.Bentertain people.Cmove much faster.Dde all of the housework. 2.B第二篇/B BCredit Card Only Works When Spoken To/B A credit card that will not work unless it hears its owners voice could become an important weapon in the fight against fra

9、ud (欺騙). The card requires users to give a spoken password that it recognizes using a built-in voice-recognition chip. The idea is to prevent thieves using a stolen card or fraudsters using someone elses credit card details to buy goods online. A model built by engineers at Beepcard in Santa Monica,

10、 California, represents the first attempt to pack a microphone, a loudspeaker, a battery and a voice-recognition chip into a standard-sized credit card. They are not quite there yet: the card is the length and width of an ordinary credit card, but it is still about three times as thick. The company

11、now plans to make it thinner. The voice card is based on an earlier Beepcard technology designed to prevent fraud in online transactions. This earlier card has no microphone, but has a built-in loudspeaker that it uses to squawk (發(fā)出叫聲) a voice ID signal via a computers microphone to an online server

12、. By verifying (證實) that the signal matches the card details, the server can establish that the user is not simply keying in a credit card number but actually has the card to hand. The ID code changes each time the card is used in a pre-ordered sequence that only the server knows. This prevents frau

13、dsters recording the beeps, noting the card details and then playing back the audible ID when they key in the details later. But this earlier technology cannot prevent fraudulent use of stolen cards. The new one can. The new voice card also identifies itself by its ID squawk, but it will not do this

14、 until it has verified the legitimate (合法的) users spoken password. Thieves will be unable to use the card because even if they knew the password they would have to be able to copy the owners voice with a high degree of accuracy. The challenge for Beepcard has been to develop voice-recognition and au

15、dio circuitry that can be powered by a mini battery embedded (嵌入的) in a credit card. To maximize battery life, the electronics are only switched on when the card is being used. Pressing a button on the cards surface prompts it to utter Say your password in female voice. If the voice-recognition soft

16、ware proves that the password is authentic (真實的), it sends its ID squawk which the server then identifies, allowing the transaction to proceed.What can we learn from the last paragraph about the voice card AOnly female voice passwords could be recognized.BFurther improvement should be made to extend

17、 battery life.CThere is no limit to its application.DFemale customers like to use it. 3. 閱讀下面的短文，文中有15處空白，每處空白給出了4個選項，請根據(jù)短文的內容從 4個選項中選擇1個最佳答案。 BDark Forces Dominate Universe/B The earth, moon, sun and all visible stars in the sky make up less than one percent of the universe. Almost all the rest is

18、dark matter and dark energy, unknown forces that U (51) /Uastronomers. Observations in recent years have changed the basicU (52) /Uof how the universe evolved and have indicated how little is known about the major forces and substances thatU (53) /Uour world. Astronomers now know that luminous (發(fā)光的)

19、 matter - stars, planets and hot gas - accountsU (54) /Uonly about 0.4 percent of the universe. Non-luminous components, such as black holes and intergalactic (星系間的) gas,U (55) /Uup 3.6 percent. The rest is either dark matter, about 23 percent, or dark energy, about 73 percent. Dark matter, sometime

20、sU (56) /Ucold dark matter, has been known for some time. Only recently have researchers come to understand the key role it U (57) /Uin the formation of stars, planets and even people. WeU (58) /Uour very existence to dark matter, said physicist Paul Steinhardt and a co-author of a review on dark ma

21、tter whichU (59) /Unot long ago in the journal Science. Dark matter dominated the structureU (68) /Uin the early universe, Steinhardt said. For the first few billion years dark matter contained most of the mass of the universe. You can think of ordinary matterU (61) /Ua froth (泡沫) of an ocean of dar

22、k matter. The dark matter clumps (結成塊) and the ordinary matter falls into it. That U (62) /Uto the formation of the stars and galaxies (星系). Without dark matter, there would be virtually no structures in the universe. The nature of dark matter isU (63) /U. It cannot be seen or detected directly. Ast

23、ronomers know it is there because of itsU (64) /Uon celestial (天體的) objects that can be seen and measured. But the most dominating force of all in the universe is called dark energy, a recently U (65) /Upower that astronomers say is causing the galaxies in the universe to separate at a faster and fa

24、ster speed. AinBforCofDto 4. 閱讀下面這篇短文，短文后列出了7個句子，請根據(jù)短文的內容對每個句子做出判斷。如果該句提供的是正確信息，請選A；如果該句提供的是錯誤信息，請選B；如果該句酌信息文章中沒有提及，請選C。 BThe Smog (煙霧)/B For over a month, Indonesia was in crisis. Forest fires raged out of control as the country suffered its worst drought for 50 years. Smoke from the fires mixed wi

25、th sunlight and hot dry air to form a cloud of smog. This pollution quickly spread and within days it was hanging over neighbouring countries including Malaysia, Singapore and Thailand. When the smoke combined with pollution from factories and cars, it soon became poisonous (有毒的). Dangerous amounts

26、of CO became trapped under the smog and pollution levels rose. People wheezed (喘息) and coughed as they left the house and their eyes watered immediately. The smog made it impossible to see across streets and whole cities disappeared as grey soot (煙灰) covered everything. In some areas, water was hose

27、d (用膠管澆) from high-rise city buildings to try and break up the smog. Finally, heavy rains, which came in November, put out the fires and cleared the air. But the environmental costs and health problems will remain. Many people from South-Eastern Asian cities already suffer from breathing huge amount

28、s of car exhaust fumes (汽車排放的廢氣) and factory pollution. Breathing problems could well increase and many non-sufferers may have difficulties for the first time. Wildlife has suffered too. In lowland forests, elephants, deer, and tigers have been driven out of their homes by smog. But smog is not just

29、 an Asian problem. In fact, the word was first used in London in 1905 to describe the mixture of smoke and thick fog. Fog often hung over the capital. Sometimes the smog was so thick and poisonous that people were killed by breathing problems or in accidents. About 4,000 Londoners died within five d

30、ays as a result of thick smog in 1952.The forest animals havent been affected by the smog. AA. RightBB. WrongCC. Not mentioned 5.B第三篇/B B More Than a Ride to School/B The National Education Association claims, The school bus is a mirror of the community. They further add that, unfortunately, what ap

31、pears on the exterior does not always reflect the reality of a chosen community. They are right - sometimes it reflects more! Just ask Lies! Denson. Riding the school bus has been more than a ride to school for Lies!. Bruce Hardy, school bus driver for Althouse Bus Company has been Liesls bus driver

32、 since kindergarten. Last year when Liesls family moved to Parkesburg, knowing her bus went by her new residence, she requested to ride the same bus. This year Liesl is a senior and will enjoy her last year riding the bus. She says, Its been a great ride so far! My bus driver is so cool and has alwa

33、ys been a good friend and a good listener. Sometimes when youre a child adults do not think that what you have to say is important. Mr. Hardy always listens to what you have to say and makes you feel important. Her friends Ashley Batista and Amanda Wolfe agree. Bruce Hardy has been making Octorara s

34、tudents feel special since 1975. This year he will celebrate 30 years working for Althouse Bus Company. Larry Althouse, president of the company, acknowledges Bruce Hardys outstanding record: You do not come by employees like Bruce these days. He has never missed a day of work and has a perfect driv

35、ing record. He was recognized in 2000 by the Pennsylvania School Bus Association for driving 350,000 accident free miles. Hardys reputation is made further evident through the relationships he has made with the students that ride his bus. Althouse further adds, AIthouse Bus Company was established 7

36、0 years ago and has been providing quality transportation ever since. My grandfather started the business with one bus. Althouse Bus Company is delighted to have the opportunity to bring distinctive and safe service to our local school and community and looks forward to continuing to provide quality

37、 service for many more years to come. Three generations of business is not all the company has enjoyed. Thanks to drivers like Bruce Hardy, they have been building relationships through generations. Liesls mother Carol also enjoys fond memories of riding Bruce Hardys bus to the Octorara School Distr

38、ict.AIthouse Bus Company was founded by ALarry Althouse.BAlthouses grandfather.CLiesls mother.DAshley Batista. 6. 下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題，每道題后面有4個選項。請根據(jù)文章的內容，從每題所給的4個選項中選擇1個最佳答案。 B第一篇/B BAlmost Human /B Scientists are racing to build the worlds first thinking robot. This is not science fiction: some say t

39、hey will have made it by the year 2020. Carol Packer reports. Machines that walk, speak and feel are no longer science fiction. Kismet is the name of an android (機器人) which scientists have built at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Kismet is different from the traditional robot becaus

40、e it can show human emotions. Its eyes, ears and lips move to-show when it feels happy, sad or bored. Kismet is one of the first of a new generation of androids - robots that look like human beings - which can imitate human feelings. Cog, another android invented by the MIT, imitates the action of a

41、 mother. However, scientists admit that so far Cog has the mental ability of a two-year-old. The optimists (樂觀主義者) say that by the year 2020 we will have created humanoids (機器人) with brains similar to those of an adult human being. These robots will be designed to look like people to make them more

42、attractive and easier to sell to the public. What kind of jobs will they do In the future, robots like Robonaut, a humanoid invented by NASA, will be doing dangerous jobs, like repairing space stations. They will also be doing more and more of the household work for us. In Japan, scientists are desi

43、gning androids that will entertain us by dancing and playing the piano. Some people worry about what the future holds: will robots become monsters (怪物) Will people themselves become increasingly like robots Experts predict that more and more people will be wearing micro-computers, connected to the I

44、nternet in the future. People will have micro-chips in various parts of their body, which will connect them to a wide variety of gadgets (小裝置). Perhaps we should not exaggerate (夸大) the importance of technology, but one wonders whether, in years to come, we will still be falling in love, and whether

45、 we will still feel pain. Who knows What is the writers attitude to robots in the future ACritical.BHostile.CObjective.DEnthusiastic. 7. 閱讀下面這篇短文，短文后列出了7個句子，請根據(jù)短文的內容對每個句子做出判斷。如果該句提供的是正確信息，請選A；如果該句提供的是錯誤信息，請選B；如果該句酌信息文章中沒有提及，請選C。 BThe Smog (煙霧)/B For over a month, Indonesia was in crisis. Forest fire

46、s raged out of control as the country suffered its worst drought for 50 years. Smoke from the fires mixed with sunlight and hot dry air to form a cloud of smog. This pollution quickly spread and within days it was hanging over neighbouring countries including Malaysia, Singapore and Thailand. When t

47、he smoke combined with pollution from factories and cars, it soon became poisonous (有毒的). Dangerous amounts of CO became trapped under the smog and pollution levels rose. People wheezed (喘息) and coughed as they left the house and their eyes watered immediately. The smog made it impossible to see acr

48、oss streets and whole cities disappeared as grey soot (煙灰) covered everything. In some areas, water was hosed (用膠管澆) from high-rise city buildings to try and break up the smog. Finally, heavy rains, which came in November, put out the fires and cleared the air. But the environmental costs and health

49、 problems will remain. Many people from South-Eastern Asian cities already suffer from breathing huge amounts of car exhaust fumes (汽車排放的廢氣) and factory pollution. Breathing problems could well increase and many non-sufferers may have difficulties for the first time. Wildlife has suffered too. In lo

50、wland forests, elephants, deer, and tigers have been driven out of their homes by smog. But smog is not just an Asian problem. In fact, the word was first used in London in 1905 to describe the mixture of smoke and thick fog. Fog often hung over the capital. Sometimes the smog was so thick and poiso

51、nous that people were killed by breathing problems or in accidents. About 4,000 Londoners died within five days as a result of thick smog in 1952.The word smog first appeared in 1952. AA. RightBB. WrongCC. Not mentioned 8. 閱讀下面的短文，文中有15處空白，每處空白給出了4個選項，請根據(jù)短文的內容從 4個選項中選擇1個最佳答案。 BDark Forces Dominate U

52、niverse/B The earth, moon, sun and all visible stars in the sky make up less than one percent of the universe. Almost all the rest is dark matter and dark energy, unknown forces that U (51) /Uastronomers. Observations in recent years have changed the basicU (52) /Uof how the universe evolved and hav

53、e indicated how little is known about the major forces and substances thatU (53) /Uour world. Astronomers now know that luminous (發(fā)光的) matter - stars, planets and hot gas - accountsU (54) /Uonly about 0.4 percent of the universe. Non-luminous components, such as black holes and intergalactic (星系間的)

54、gas,U (55) /Uup 3.6 percent. The rest is either dark matter, about 23 percent, or dark energy, about 73 percent. Dark matter, sometimesU (56) /Ucold dark matter, has been known for some time. Only recently have researchers come to understand the key role it U (57) /Uin the formation of stars, planet

55、s and even people. WeU (58) /Uour very existence to dark matter, said physicist Paul Steinhardt and a co-author of a review on dark matter whichU (59) /Unot long ago in the journal Science. Dark matter dominated the structureU (68) /Uin the early universe, Steinhardt said. For the first few billion

56、years dark matter contained most of the mass of the universe. You can think of ordinary matterU (61) /Ua froth (泡沫) of an ocean of dark matter. The dark matter clumps (結成塊) and the ordinary matter falls into it. That U (62) /Uto the formation of the stars and galaxies (星系). Without dark matter, ther

57、e would be virtually no structures in the universe. The nature of dark matter isU (63) /U. It cannot be seen or detected directly. Astronomers know it is there because of itsU (64) /Uon celestial (天體的) objects that can be seen and measured. But the most dominating force of all in the universe is cal

58、led dark energy, a recently U (65) /Upower that astronomers say is causing the galaxies in the universe to separate at a faster and faster speed. AmakeBkeepCsetDget 9.B第三篇/B B More Than a Ride to School/B The National Education Association claims, The school bus is a mirror of the community. They fu

59、rther add that, unfortunately, what appears on the exterior does not always reflect the reality of a chosen community. They are right - sometimes it reflects more! Just ask Lies! Denson. Riding the school bus has been more than a ride to school for Lies!. Bruce Hardy, school bus driver for Althouse

60、Bus Company has been Liesls bus driver since kindergarten. Last year when Liesls family moved to Parkesburg, knowing her bus went by her new residence, she requested to ride the same bus. This year Liesl is a senior and will enjoy her last year riding the bus. She says, Its been a great ride so far!