閱讀技巧 完整版課件

1、閱讀技巧An Overview of Reading By Teaching ObjectivesIntensive ReadingVocabularyGrammarComprehensionThinking Extensive Reading Content-basedInput By Types of WritingDescriptiveNarrativeExpositoryArgumentative By GenrePoetryProseEssay FictionShort storyNovel DramaReading PassagesTask Divide into groups.

2、Each group will work on one of the reading passages. Design a teaching plan for the passage, including:Your theory/principle of teachingThings you consider teachableYour approach in teachingAny reading skills neededPresent the plan to the class. Our ApproachTop-down, bottom-upTop-downAnalysis/decomp

3、ositionBreak down the passage to gain overview into its compositional partsOverview first, details laterBottom-upSynthesisPiece together details to give rise to the whole passageDetails first, overview laterReading SkillsVocabulary in ContextExamplesNocturnal creatures, such as bats and owls, have h

4、ighly developed senses that enable them to function in the dark. featheryB. livingC. active at nightChanges in such abilities as learning, reasoning, thinking, and language are aspects of cognitive development. A. physicalB. mentalC. spiritualVocabulary in ContextAntonymsMany politicians do not give

5、 succinct answers. They prefer long ones that help them avoid the point. A. briefB. accurateC. completeAlthough investment in the stock market can be lucrative, they can also result in great financial loss. A. RequiredB. financially rewardingC. riskyVocabulary in ContextSynonymsSpeaking in front of

6、a group disconcerts Alan. Even answering a question in class embarrasses him. I asked the teacher to explain a confusing passage in the textbook. She said, “I wish I could, but its obscure to me, too.”Vocabulary in ContextGeneral sense of the sentence or passageDespite the proximity of Rons house to

7、 his sisters, he rarely sees her. A. similarityB. nearnessC. superiorityThe car wash we organized to raise funds was a fiasco it rained all day. great financial successwelcome surprisecomplete disasterMain IdeaUse the topic to lead you to the main idea. Find the topic, the main idea, and supporting

8、details from the following group: People vary in the amount of daydreaming they do. Around 2 to 4 percent of the population spend at least half of their free time fantasizing. Almost everyone daydreams about 10 percent of the time. Daydreaming. Main IdeaFind and use clue words to lead you to the mai

9、n idea. List words main idea:several kinds/ways/causes of; some factors in; three advantages of; five steps; among the results; various reasons for; a number of effects; a series of Addition words supporting details:one, first, first of all, for one thing, to begin with, another, second, also, in ad

10、dition, next, moreover, furthermore, last, last of all, finally Main IdeaLook for general vs. specific ideasTick the main idea from the group:Group 1not taking notes in class- poor study habitsmissing classes- cramming for examsGroup 2Many credit card companies charge people annual fees of $25 to $5

11、0.Credit card companies make money in several ways.Nearly all credit card companies charge people high interest rate, up to 20% or more. Most credit card companies sell their customers names and addresses to other companies. Main IdeaLocation of main ideaA standard English passage is normally well-s

12、tructured. Here are some patterns: Main idea supporting details. Introductory detail main idea supporting detailsSupporting details main ideaMain idea supporting details main ideasSupporting DetailsOutliningLook for list words and addition wordsDistinguish between major details and minor detailsPay

13、attention to layers of detailsMappingSummarizing Try summarizing test passages 2 & 3. Implied Main Ides and the Central PointSometimes a passage lacks a sentence that directly states the main idea. In such cases, the author has simply decided to let the details suggest the main idea. This is also tr

14、ue of a longer passage, which has a central point. RelationshipsTransitions Addition wordsWords that show timebefore, during, then, now, later, finally, etc. Illustrationfor example/instance, including, such as, once, etc.Comparison and contrastas, like, similarly, but, yet, instead, despite, on the

15、 other hand, in contrast, etc. Cause and effecttherefore, thus, so, lead to, result in, if then, etc. Relationships Organization pattern List of itemsTime order pattern Series of events or stagesDefinition and exampleComparison and contrastCause and effect Fact & OpinionA fact is information that ca

16、n be proved true through objective evidence. The evidence may be physical proof or the spoken or written testimony of witnesses. An opinion is a belief, judgment, or conclusion that cannot be objectively proved true. Example:On September 11, 2011, terrorists destroyed the New York World Trade Center

17、, killing thousands.The attack on the World Trade Center was the worst act of terrorism in the history of human kind. Fact & OpinionAttention:Statements of fact may be found untrue.Opinions may be masked as facts. The truth of the matter is that frozen foods taste as good as fresh foods. Value (or j

18、udgment) words often represent opinions. best, worst, wonderful, terrible, good, bad, etc. “Should”, “ought to” and similar words often signal opinions. Much of what we read is a mixture of fact and opinion. InferencesTo infer is to “read between the lines”, that is, to pick up ideas that are not di

19、rectly stated in what you are reading. Guidelines for making inferences in reading.Never lose sight of the available information.Use your background information and experience to help you in making inferences.Consider the alternatives. Purpose & Tone Purpose To persuadeTo informTo entertain ToneA wr

20、iters tone reveals the attitude that he/she has towards a subject. Tone is expressed through the words and details the writer selects. Humorous, ironic, critical, playful, serious, sentimental, objective, etc. ArgumentThe basics of argument: point & support. A good argument is one in which you make a point and then provide persuasive and logical evidence to back it up. As readers, there are three important things we must do:R