2022年英語(yǔ)專(zhuān)業(yè)四級(jí)閱讀理解模擬題

1、英語(yǔ)專(zhuān)業(yè)四級(jí)閱讀理解模擬題A simple piece of rope hangs between some environmentally friendly Americans and their neighbors. On one side stand those who have begun to see clothes dryers as wasteful consumers of energy (up to 6% of total electricity) and powerful emitters of carbon dioxide (up to a ton of CO2 per

2、household every year). As an alternative, they are turning to clotheslines as part of what Alexander Lee, an environmentalist, calls what-I-can- do environmentalism.But on the other side are people who oppose air-drying laundry outside on aesthetic grounds. Increasingly, they have persuaded communit

3、y and homeowners associations(HOAs) across the U.S. to ban outdoor clotheslines, which they say not only look unsightly but also lower surrounding property values. Those actions, in turn, have sparked a right-to-dry movement that is pressing for legislation to protect the choice to use clotheslines.

4、 Only three states-Florida, Hawaii and Utah-have laws written broadly enough to protect clotheslines. Right-to-dry advocates argue that there should be more.Matt Reck is the kind of eco-conscious guy who feeds his trees with bathwater and recycles condensation drops from his air conditioners to wate

5、r plants. His family also uses a clothesline. But Otto Hagen, president of Recks HOA in Wake Forest, N.C., notified him that a neighbor h, ad complained about his line. The Recks ignored the warning and still dry their clothes on a rope in the yard. Many people claim to be environmentally friendly b

6、ut dont take matters into their own hands, says Reck. HOAs Hagen has decided to hold off taking action. Im not going to go crazy, he says. But if Matt keeps his line and more neighbors complain, Ill have to address it again.North Carolina lawmakers tried and failed earlier this year to insert langua

7、ge into an energy bill that would expressly prevent HOAs from regulating clotheslines. But the issue remains a touchy one with HOAs and real estate agents. Most aesthetic restrictions are rooted, to a degree, in the belief that homogenous (統(tǒng)一協(xié)調(diào)的 ) exteriors are supportive of property value, says Sar

8、a Stubbins, executive director of the Community Association Institutes North Carolina chapter. In other words, associations worry that housing prices will fall if prospective buyers think their would-be neighbors are too poor to afford dryers.Alexander Lee dismisses the notion that clotheslines deva

9、lue property assets, advocating that the idea needs to change in light of global warming. We all have to do at least something to decrease our carbon footprint, Alexander Lee says.1. What is NOT mentioned as a disadvantage of using clothes dryers?A. Electricity consumption.B. Air pollution.C. Waste

10、of energy.D. Ugly looking.2. Which of the following is INCORRECT?A. Opposers think air-drying laundry would devalue surrounding assets.B. Opposers consider the outdoor clothesline as an eyesore to the scenery.C. Right-to-dry movements led to the pass of written laws to protect clotheslines.D. Most o

11、f states in the US have no written laws to protect clotheslines.3. What is the HOAs attitude towards the regulation of outdoor clotheslines?A. Concerned.B. Impartial.C. Supportive.D. Unclear.4. In the last paragraph Alexander Lee recommends thatA. clotheslines should be banned in the community.B. cl

12、otheslines wouldnt lessen the property values.C. the globe would become warmer and warmer.D. we should protect the environment in the community.5. An appropriate title for the passage might beA. Opinions on Environmental Protection.B. Opinions on Air-drying Laundry.C. What-I-Can-Do Environmentalism.

13、D. Restrictions on Clotheslines.參照答案與解析： 文章概要：本文探討與否該用晾衣繩在室外晾曬衣服。第l段指出干衣機(jī)不利環(huán)保，由此引出用晾衣繩晾衣服的話(huà)題；第2段簡(jiǎn)介對(duì)用晾衰繩曬衣服的兩種對(duì)立觀點(diǎn)；第3段 描述環(huán)保主義者M(jìn)att Reck用晾衣繩在室外曬衣服，并指出她的行為引起鄰居的不滿(mǎn)及業(yè)主委員會(huì)成員Otto Hagen的注意；第4段指出北卡羅來(lái)納州立法者試圖修訂法律規(guī)定業(yè)主委員會(huì)對(duì)住戶(hù)與否在室外晾衣無(wú)權(quán)干涉，法案卻沒(méi)有通過(guò)的因素；最后一 段：Alexander Lee覺(jué)得人們應(yīng)當(dāng)變化觀念，為減少碳排放量奉獻(xiàn)力量。答案解析：1D細(xì)節(jié)判斷題?？疾焓褂酶梢聶C(jī)的弊端，

14、文章第1段第2句話(huà)對(duì)此有論述：有人覺(jué)得干衣機(jī)揮霍能源從而導(dǎo)致電的損耗釋放的二氧化碳污染空氣，A、B、C選項(xiàng)分別列舉了這些弊端，本題是逆向選擇題，規(guī)定選出不是干衣機(jī)弊端的一項(xiàng)，故選D2C細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。第2段提到，戶(hù)外晾衣繩不僅破壞優(yōu)美的風(fēng)景還減少房產(chǎn)價(jià)值，A、B都對(duì)。D與本段最后一句表述也相符。C無(wú)法從文中推斷出來(lái)，故選C。3C觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。考察HOAs協(xié)會(huì)的成員對(duì)限制使用晾衣繩的態(tài)度。第3段最后幾旬提到，如果Matt繼續(xù)使用晾衣繩，HOAs的成員Hagen就要直接出面說(shuō)Matt了，這間接表白了HOAs協(xié)會(huì)的態(tài)度；此外，從第4段前兩句，也可推知C對(duì)的。4D段落細(xì)節(jié)題。在最后一段，Alexander

15、Lee提出，鑒于全球變暖我們的觀念需要變化，至少要做到盡量減少碳物質(zhì)的排放。因此選項(xiàng)D符合題意。A與原文意思相反；B雖然是Alexander Lee的觀點(diǎn)，卻不是她要倡導(dǎo)的，故不選。C并不是Alexander Lee的觀點(diǎn)。5.B全文主旨題。本文就與否應(yīng)當(dāng)限制使用晾衣繩進(jìn)行了探討分析，文章最后呼吁人類(lèi)變化觀念，每個(gè)人都應(yīng)為保護(hù)環(huán)境盡一份力。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。A太寬泛；C明顯不對(duì)；D只體現(xiàn)了文中某些人的觀點(diǎn)，過(guò)于片面。Within that exclusive group of literary characters who have survived through the centuries-

16、from Hamlet to Huckleberry Finn-few can rival the cultural impact of Sherlock Holmes. Since his first public appearance 20 years ago, the gentleman with the curved pipe and a taste for cocaine, the master of deductive reasoning and elaborate disguise, has left his mark everywhere-in crime literature

17、, film and television, cartoons and comic books.At Holmes side, of course, was his trusted friend Dr. Watson. Looming even larger, however, was another doctor, one whose medical practice was so slow it allowed him plenty of time to pursue his literary ambition. His name: Arthur Conan Doyle. As the c

18、reator of these fictional icons, Conan Doyle has himself become something of a cult figure, the object of countless critical studies, biographies and fan clubs.Conan Doyle was born in Edinburgh in 1859, in a respectable middle-class Catholic family. Still, it was far from an easy life. There was nev

19、er enough money; they moved frequently in search of lower rents; and his father, a civil servant and illustrator was an alcoholic who had to be institutionalized. Yet the early letters he wrote to his mother are surprisingly optimistic, concerned mainly with food, clothes, allowances and schoolwork.

20、 At 14 came his first unforgettable visit to London, including Madame Tussauds, where he was delighted with the room of Horrors, and the images of the murderers.A superb student, Conan Doyle went on to medical school, where he was attracted by Dr. Joseph Bell, a professor with an uncanny ability to

21、diagnose patients even before they opened their mouths. For a time he worked as Bells outpatient clerk and would watch, amazed, at how the location of a callus could reveal a mans profession, or how a quick look at a skin rash told Bell that the patient had once lived in Bermuda. In 1886, Conan Doyl

22、e outlined his first novel, A Study in Scarlet, which he described as a simple tale of mystery to make a little extra money. Its main character, initially called Sherringford Hope and later called Sherlock Holmes, was based largely on Bell. But Holmes first appearance went almost unnoticed, and the

23、struggling doctor devoted nearly all of his spare time to writing long historical novels in the style of Sir Walter Scottnovels that he was convinced would make his reputation. It wasnt to be. In 1888, Holmes reappeared in A Scandal in Bohemia, a short story in Strand Magazine. And this time, its he

24、ro took an immediate hit and Conan Doyles life would never be the same.1. The typical features of Sherlock Holmes were all EXCEPTA. rational.B. sociable.C. intelligent.D. cunning.2. Which of the following is NOT true about Conan Doyle and his family?A. He came from a middle-class family.B. They led

25、a hard life in Edinburgh.C. His father was addicted to drinking.D. His mother had received little education.3. How did Conan Doyle feel about his first visit to London?A. It was horrible.B. It was pleasant.C. It was awful.D. It was memorable.4. We can infer from the last paragraph thatA. the more ca

26、lluses a person has, the more professional he would be.B. writers often base their writing on personal experiences.C. Conan Doyle has gone through a period of hardship on his way to success.D. inspiration was very important for a person to create something.5. Conan Doyles short story A Scandai in Bo

27、hemia has proved to be _ at last.A. successfulB. powerfulC. ridiculousD. frustrating參照答案與解析： 1B細(xì)節(jié)判斷題?？疾旄柲λ沟娜宋镄愿裉匦裕ㄎ坏降趌段。第1段描寫(xiě)福爾摩斯是一種總是拿著卷曲煙斗、嗜好古柯堿、善于推理和偽裝的一種 人，因此A、C、D選項(xiàng)都是對(duì)福爾摩斯這一人物特性的描繪，而選項(xiàng)B (社交廣的)并未在文中提及，本題是逆向選擇題，因此選項(xiàng)B是答案。2D細(xì)節(jié)判斷題?？疾炜履系罓柕募彝ケ尘?，定位到第3段。本段提到柯南道爾出生在一種中產(chǎn)階級(jí)家庭但是生活很不容易，也對(duì)她的爸爸進(jìn)行了簡(jiǎn)介。但是對(duì)于她的媽媽

28、文章只提到柯南道爾給其媽媽寫(xiě)信并未提及其母受教育狀況，因此選項(xiàng)D是答案。3D細(xì)節(jié)判斷題?？疾炜履系罓枌?duì)倫敦的印象，定位到第3段。根據(jù)第3段末句可知，第一次倫敦之旅給柯南道爾留下難以磨滅的記憶，故答案D符合題意，同步排除其她三項(xiàng)。4C細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。從最后一段的描述可知，柯南道爾在經(jīng)歷了失敗和挫折之后最后才獲得了成功，故選項(xiàng)C符合題意。Bell可以從手上老繭的位置來(lái)判斷一種人的職業(yè)，A誤讀了原文?？履系罓柕墓适翧 Study in Scarlet以Bell為原型，但不能以此闡明作者總是根據(jù)親身經(jīng)歷來(lái)創(chuàng)作。5A細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。考察柯南道爾的故事最后的成果，定位到最后一段。根據(jù)末段末句可知，柯南道爾刊登在S

29、trand Magazine上的短篇故事A Scandal in Bohemia中的男主角風(fēng)行一時(shí)，柯南道爾的人生也將由此發(fā)生變化因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。It is a truth universally acknowledged, that a single man in possession of a good fortune must be in want of a wife.However little known the feelings or views of such a man may be on his first entering a neighborhood, this tr

30、uth is so well fixed in the minds of the surrounding families, that he is considered the rightful property of some one or other of their daughters.My dear Mr. Bennet, said his lady to him one day, have you heard that Netherfield Park is let at last? Mr. Bennet replied that he had not.But it is, retu

31、rned she; for Mrs. Long has just been here, and shetold me all about it.Mr. Bennet made no answer.Do you not want to know who has taken it? cried his wife impatiently.You want to tell me, and I have no objection to hearing it.This was invitation enough.Why, my dear, you must know, Mrs. Long says tha

32、t Netherfield is taken by a young man of large fortune from the north of England; that he came down on Monday in a chaise and four to see the place, and was so much delighted with it, that he agreed with Mr. Morris immediately; that he is to take possession before Michaelmas, and some of his servant

33、s are to be in the house by the end of next week.What is his name?Bingley.Is he married or single?Oh! Single, my dear, to be sure! A single man of large fortune; four or five thousand a year. What a fine thing for our girls! How so? How can it affect them?My dear Mr. Bennet, replied his wife, how ca

34、n you be so tiresome! You must know that I am thinking of his marrying one of them.Is that his design in settling here?Design! Nonsense, how can you talk so! But it is very likely that he may fall in love with one of them, and therefore you must visit him as soon as he comes.I see no occasion for th

35、at. You and the girls may go, or you may send them by themselves, which perhaps will be still better, for as you are as handsome as any of them, Mr. Bingley may like you the best of the party.1. The sentence . a single man in possession of a good fortune must be in want of a wife means thatA. a sing

36、le man who is financially stable needs a wife.B. a single man without money neednt a wife.C. women want to get married to financial stable men.D. once man becomes rich, he must want to get a wife.2. According to the passage, the young man, Mr. Bingley, is believed to have all the following character

37、istics EXCEPTA. rich.B. gentle.C. single.D. generous.3. From the conversation between Mr. and Mrs. Bennet, we can conclude that Mrs. BennetA. wanted to tell her husband something about their new neighbor.B. wanted to get acquainted with their new neighbor.C. wanted to persuade her husband to see the

38、 young man.D. asked her husbands permission to visit the new neighbor.4. At the end of the passage, Mr. Bennet sounded _ toward his wifes proposal.A. hostileB. indifferentC. delightedD. annoyed5. What is the tone of the passage?A. Satirical.B. Humorous.C. Critical.D. Unclear.參照答案與解析： 1A句意理解題。文章首句提到，

39、一種有錢(qián)的獨(dú)身漢，總需要一位妻子，故選項(xiàng)A符合題意。2B細(xì)節(jié)判斷題?？疾霱rBingley的性格特性，從MrsBennet與MrBennet的對(duì)話(huà)中可以得知，MrBingley是 個(gè)富有、大方的獨(dú)身漢。選項(xiàng)A、C、D都是對(duì)這些特性的描述，本題為逆向選擇題，規(guī)定選出不符合MrBingley性格特性的一項(xiàng)，故答案為8。3C細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。文中MrsBennet與MrBennet談話(huà)目的就是但愿丈夫能去拜訪新的鄰居從而為她的某個(gè)女兒發(fā)明機(jī)會(huì)。故選C。4B觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)文章最后一段可知，MrBennet對(duì)太太的建議無(wú)動(dòng)于衷并打趣說(shuō)讓她自己帶著女兒去，或許MrBingley在晚會(huì)上最喜歡她。因此選項(xiàng)B符合

40、題意。5A全文基調(diào)問(wèn)題。本文的作者用挖苦的語(yǔ)言，向我們描繪了一幅媽媽試圖為自己女兒發(fā)明一段姻緣的場(chǎng)景。因此選項(xiàng)A符合題意。The Internet, E-commerce and globalization are making a new economic era possible. In the future, capitalist markets will largely be replaced by a new kind of economic system based on networked relationships, contractual arrangements and a

41、ccess rights.Has the quality of our lives at work, at home and in our communities increased in direct proportion to all the new Internet and business-to-business Internet services being introduced into our lives? I have asked this question of hundreds of CEOS and corporate executives in Europe and t

42、he United States. Surprisingly, virtually everyone has said,No, quite contrary. The very people responsible for ushering in what some have called a technological renaissance say they are working longer hours, feel more stressed, are more impatient, and are even less civil in their dealings with coll

43、eagues and friends-not to mention strangers. And whats more revealing, they place much of the blame on the very same technologies they are so aggressively championing.The techno gurus (領(lǐng)袖) promised us that access would make life more convenient and give us more time. Instead, the very technological

44、wonders that were supposed to liberate us have begun to enslave us in a web of connections from which there seems to be no easy escape.If an earlier generation was preoccupied with the quest to enclose a vast geographic frontier, the .com generation, it seems, is more caught up in the colonization o

45、f time. Every spare moment of our time is being filled with some form of commercial connection, making time itself the most scarce of all resources. Our e-mail, voice mail and cell phones, our 24-hour Interact news and entertainment all seize for our attention.And while we have created every kind of

46、 labor-and time-saving device to service our needs, we are beginning to feel like we have less time available to us than any other humans in history. That is because the great proliferation of labor-and-time-saving services only increases the diversity, pace and flow of commodified activity around u

47、s. For example, e-mail is a great convenience. However, we now find ourselves spending much of our day frantically responding to each others electronic messages. The cell phone is a great time-saver,Except now we are always potentially in reach of someone else who wants our attention.Social conserva

48、tives talk about the decline in civility and blame it on the loss of a moral compass and religious values. Has anyone bothered to ask whether the hyper speed culture is making all of us less patient and less willing to listen and defer, consider and reflect?Maybe we need to ask what kinds of connect

49、ions really count and what types of access really matter in the e-economy era. ff this new technology revolution is only about hyper efficiency, then we risk losing something even precious than time-our sense of what it means to be a caring human being.1. According to the passage, corporate executives think that A. technology renaissance should be pushed forward. B. technology has a profound impact on their lives. C.