高二英語選修七單元知識點總結(jié)

1、 高二英語選修七單元知識點總結(jié)高二英語選修七單元學(xué)問點總結(jié)1 介詞又叫前置詞，是一種虛詞。 介詞分為三種，一種是簡潔介詞，如 at, in, on, beside, to , for 等;另一種是（短語）介詞，即由兩個以上的詞組組成的短語，in front of, because of, out of, instead 如 of 等;還有一種二重介詞，如 until after, from behind 等。 (一) 介詞的句法功能：介詞不能獨立在句中做成份，介詞后必需與名詞、代詞、或動名詞構(gòu)成介詞短語在句中充當(dāng) 一個成份，表示人、物、大事等與（其它）人、物、大事等之間的關(guān)系。 1、 作定語：

2、 The book on the table is mine. 2、 作狀語： have breakfast at seven. We (表時間)They were late for meeting because of the heavy ; rain.(表緣由) ;They started the machine by pressing the button.(表（方法）) 3、 作表語： My dictionary is in the bag. 4、 作賓語補(bǔ)足語： I found him in the office. (二) 1.表示時間的介詞 (1) in表示“在某一時間段”或“在某

3、一時候”，如用在月、季、年份、時代、世紀(jì)等時間名詞的前面，或用來泛指一天的某一段時間。in也可以指“在之后”，表示從說話起的若干時間內(nèi)。 如： in July/summer/2000/ancient times The bus will be here in ten minutes. (2) on表示“在特定的某一天”，也可用于帶有修飾語的一天的某個時間段之前。如：on Saturday, on Saturday morning, on the morning of August 1st (3) at表示“在某一時間點”，或用來表示不確定的時間和短期的假日、季節(jié)等。 如：at six oclo

4、ck, at Easter (4) over, through (out)兩者均指“經(jīng)過的全部時間”。 如：Stay over the Christmas. (5) for與since：for表示動作或狀態(tài)連續(xù)的全部時間長度，為“長達(dá)”之意;since用于指從過去特定的某個時刻到說話時為止的一段時間;含有since時間短語的（句子）要用完成時，但含有for時間短語的句子不肯定要用完成時。 高二英語選修七單元學(xué)問點總結(jié)2 .Hot words and hot phrases常用詞與常用詞組 1.Medical studies show that AIDS virus cannot be tran

5、smitted via the following routes：cups，glasses，toilet seats，swimming pools，mosquitoes，other insects or blood donation.(P.49) 2.AIDS is a disease that breaks down the bodys immune system and leaves a person defenceless against infections and illness.(P.51) 3.People get AIDS after having been infected

6、with the HIV virus.(P.51) 4.People transmit HIV by having unprotected sex，by receiving infected blood transfusions or，as in Xiaohuas case，through birth.(P.51) 5.Xiaohuas mother contracted the HIV virus when she was 28，and she died of AIDS only three years after Xiaohua was born.(P.51) 6.The disease

7、is spreading faster in Africa and parts of Asia，mainly because of a lack of proper health care，prevention and education.(P.51) 7.The drugs that are available are much too expensive and difficult to find.(P.51) 8but she does not let that knowledge discourage her.(P.51) 9.She also goes to visit other

8、AIDS patients in hospitals across the country to support them and cheer them up.(P.51) 10.The disease is not the only thing that AIDS patients have to suffer from.(P.52) 11that can persuade hospitals and companies to allocate more funds for AIDS research and education.(P.52) 12.Xiaohua has learnt to

9、 live with HIV and the fact she will eventually get AIDS.(P.52) 13.Two years ago，Dr Richards had asked me a great many questions and had taken samples of my blood.(P.55) 14.Mum held my hand and I saw that she was weeping.(P.55) 15.Cancer is a disease that begins in cells.(P.55) 16.In my body，the pro

10、duction of cells is disrupted.(P.55) 17.Doctors do know that cancer is not caused by injury and is not contagiousit does not spread from one person to another.(P.55) 18.The cancer in my body has been defeated for the moment.(P.55) 19.Living with cancer has made me realize how precious life is and ho

11、w important it is for us to take every chance to live life to the fullest.(P.55) 20.Every day is a new opportunity and I have learnt to appreciate every minute of each day. .Language points and grammar focus語言點和語法重點 A.Language points語言點 1.HIV/AIDS is incurable. AIDS is a disease that.leaves a person

12、 defenceless against infections and illness.(P.51) 本單元中由前綴或后綴派生出的（反義詞）的小結(jié) 2.People get AIDS after having been infected with the HIV virus.(P.51) 完成時的動名詞的被動式的內(nèi)涵及用法 3.As with most diseases and disasters，the young suffer the most. “定冠詞 + 形容詞/過去分詞”表示“一類人”的用法的小結(jié) 4.I had been feeling sick for a long time

13、and my mum had taken me to hospital to have me examined.(P.55) 1)過去完成進(jìn)行時的內(nèi)涵及用法 2)“to have + 賓語 + 過去分詞”的兩個內(nèi)涵及用法 5.The treatment was successful and I was able to go home after exactly fourteen months，two days and six hours in hospital.(P.55) was/were able to do與could do在內(nèi)涵上的區(qū)分及各自的用法 6.I have been livi

14、ng with cancer for two years and.(P.55) 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時的內(nèi)涵及用法 .Skills of the four essential abilities：listening，speaking，reading and writing聽、說、讀、寫四項基本力量的學(xué)習(xí)技巧 1.Listening：Master the main idea of a long dialogue through the inner connections among the questions so as to have better understanding of the quest

15、ioned details 從各設(shè)問間的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系把握較長對話的中心思想，更好理解各檢測點的細(xì)節(jié) 2.Speaking：Talk about deadly diseases and attitudes towards AIDS，cancer，etc. 關(guān)于那些致命疾病及對待艾滋病、癌癥等的態(tài)度的談?wù)?3.Reading：Make full use of informational words and phrases 充分利用信息詞 4.Writing：How to write a personal narrative 如何寫一篇個人經(jīng)受過的敘述性（故事） 高二英語選修七單元學(xué)問點總結(jié)3 1.ac

16、hieve 獲得;實現(xiàn);達(dá)到預(yù)期的目的 achieve an aim / goal達(dá)到目標(biāo) achieve success 獲得勝利 辨析：achieve，reach，gain achieve著重表示達(dá)到肯定目的的過程中所需要的技能，耐性和努力。 reach指達(dá)到任何目標(biāo)、目的或指達(dá)到進(jìn)展過程中的某個階段。 gain強(qiáng)調(diào)經(jīng)過奮斗才達(dá)到所期望的目標(biāo)、優(yōu)勢或者有利地位。 _He hopes to achieve all his aims soon _You can achieve your ambition if you work hard. _If you do one thing each d

17、ay, you will reach your goal. _But the determination to reach this goal carried me and my partners through the difficult times. _This should help you gain trust. _We can gain some insight from that. achievement n.c成就，功績 _He received the Nobel Prize for his scientific achievements. _Flying across the

18、 Atlantic for the first time was a great achievement. 2.condition 表示“條件”，condition為單數(shù)時，表示人/物所處的“狀態(tài)”;conditions(復(fù)數(shù))指一般狀況，環(huán)境。 _I starve for your help in such a condition. _You worry about her condition. _I suggested he should adapt himself to his new conditions. _We should make decisions in accordance

19、 with specific conditions. 與condition相關(guān)的詞組： in good/poor condition 狀況好/不好 out of condition 狀況不好 on condition that 在條件下，假使 on no condition 決不 3.connection 連接，關(guān)系 in connection with 與有關(guān) _ Police said later that theyd arrested one person in connection with the shootings. 4.behave 舉止，舉動，行為表現(xiàn) behave onese

20、lf 表現(xiàn)良好，行為良好 _ Honesty is the foundation to behave oneself and start ones career. behave as 起作用，表現(xiàn)為 _ Others are finding that black holes might not behave as we thought. 5.worthwhile 值得做的，值得出力的 It is worthwhile doing/to do sth _It is worthwhile buying the dictionary._It is worthwhile to discuss the

21、plan again. 辨析：Worth、worthy、worthwhile (1)worth 通常只用作表語，不用于名詞前作定語; worthy 和 worthwhile 可用作表語和定語。 _It isnt worth the trouble. _He is a worthy gentleman. _His behavior is worthy of great praise. _They achieved a very worthwhile result. _We had a long wait， but it was worthwhile because we got the tick

22、ets. (2)worth 習(xí)慣上不用 very 修飾(要表示類似意思可用 well)，而 worthy 和 worthwhile 則可以用副詞 very 修飾。 _That is very worthy of our attention. _Nursing is a very worthwhile career. 但習(xí)慣上不說：The work is very worth doing. (very 應(yīng)改為 well) (3)搭配習(xí)慣不同 be worth + n./doing _The picture is worth $500. _The clock is hardly worth rep

23、airing. (主動形式表示被動) be worthy of + n./doing Be worthy to do sth _Their efforts are worthy of your support. _This suggestion is worthy of being considered._This suggestion is worthy to be considered. Be worthwhile doing/to do sth 6.respect 作動詞，后直接跟賓語。 _I want him to respect me as a career woman. 作名詞，表

24、示“敬重，敬重”。 _If you have respect for someone, you have a good opinion of them. 表示“敬意，問候”時，用復(fù)數(shù)形式，常與give，send，pay連用。 _Carl had asked him to visit the hospital and to pay his respects to Francis. 與respect相關(guān)的短語： respect oneself 自重，自尊 have/show respect for 對敬重/敬重 have respect to 留意，考慮 in respect of sth 就某方面而