Unit 1 Festivals and Celebrations 單元語法講義-高中英語人教版（2019）必修第三冊

1、Unit1 Festivals and celebrations動詞-ing形式的用法閱讀下列句子,注意句中的畫線部分1.These lanterns are amazing.2.During the Mid-Autumn Festival in China,families gather to admire the shining moon and enjoy delicious mooncakes.3.Another example is Halloween,which slowly became an exciting festival for children,in spite of

2、its religious origins.課文中以上四個句中均含有一個動詞-ing形式或動詞-ing短語,它們在句中充當(dāng)不同的成分。在句(1)中充當(dāng)_表語_成分;在句(2)和句(3)中充當(dāng)_定語_成分;一、動詞-ing形式做表語1.動詞-ing形式做表語,往往具有形容詞的性質(zhì),說明主語的性質(zhì)、特征等。The result of the game was disappointing.比賽結(jié)果令人失望。His life story sounds very moving.他的人生故事聽起來很感人。做表語的動詞-ing形式,許多是由能夠表示人們某種感情或情緒的動詞變化而來的。常見的有:moving,

3、interesting,encouraging,exciting,inspiring,boring,surprising,puzzling,amusing,astonishing等,這類分詞有“令人的”的含義,常修飾物。2.動詞-ing形式做表語多表示抽象性的或習(xí)慣性的動作,一般說明主語的內(nèi)容。可以轉(zhuǎn)換到句首做主語。My hobby is collecting stamps.Collecting stamps is my hobby.我的愛好就是集郵。3.動詞-ing形式做表語注意事項:(1)不定式和動詞-ing形式都可以做表語,都是用于回答主語“是什么”的,但二者仍有一些區(qū)別。不定式做表語強

4、調(diào)的是具體的、將要發(fā)生的、一次性的動作;動詞-ing形式做表語強調(diào)的是抽象的、經(jīng)常發(fā)生的、一般性的動作。His job is to paint the walls.他的工作是要去粉刷這些墻。His job is painting walls.他的工作是粉刷墻。(2)動詞-ing形式和過去分詞都可以做表語,都是用于回答主語“怎么樣”的。但動詞-ing形式說明主語的特征,過去分詞說明主語的狀態(tài)。This dog is frightening.這條狗令人害怕。(說明狗的特征)This dog is frightened.這條狗害怕。(說明狗的狀態(tài))二、動詞-ing形式做定語1.單個的動詞-ing形式

5、可以做前置定語,一般具有兩種含義。(1)表示被修飾詞的某種性能或用途,相當(dāng)于for引導(dǎo)的介詞短語。a reading room=a room (which is used) for reading閱覽室running shoes=shoes for running 跑鞋(2)表示所修飾的人或物的動作或狀態(tài),在意思上接近一個定語從句,可以表示正在進行的動作,也可表示經(jīng)常性動作或當(dāng)時的狀態(tài)。developing countries=countries that are developing 發(fā)展中國家a puzzling problem=a problem that puzzles somebod

6、y 困擾人的問題2.做定語的動詞-ing形式如果是一個短語,則應(yīng)放在被修飾詞的后面做后置定語,相當(dāng)于一個定語從句。They lived in a house facing south (=which is facing south).他們住在一所朝南的房子里。Do you know the boy playing basketball(=who is playing basketball)?你認識在打籃球的那個小男孩嗎?語法填空1It is a common _belief_ (believe) that computer games affect childrens study.2Thank

7、sgiving Day is a happy festival because the food is gathered for the winter and the _agricultural_ (agriculture) work is over.3Its important that parents know of any situation that can be of great _significance_ (significant) to their childrens behaviour and school performance.4The club offers its _

8、congratulations_ (congratulate) to Brown on his appointment as president.5I compared the copy with the _original_ (origin) painting, but there was not much difference.6All the “monsters” are said to have a big party on Halloween.To celebrate the festival, kids will dress _up_ in scary clothes.7In to

9、days competitive economy where everyone is trying to do more with less, youve got to figure _out_ a way to profit from the very beginning.8My experience this summer made me reflect _on/upon_ how much we used WiFi.Its possible not to be so dependent on it.9.Its typical _of_ him to set his aim high bu

10、t do little, so he is always leaving things undone.10It was the first occasion _when_ they had both found it possible to reach an agreement.The Agricultural Feast _falls_(fall) after the Independence Day.It is not a worldwide celebration.Only Christians in Mexico look forward to its arrival for its

11、_religious_ (religion) origin.Long ago, mans ancestors were bad.They fooled and played tricks on each other and never kept their word.So annoyed was God _that_ he turned up and drowned all their crops.Consequently, many people starved to _death_(die)In order to gain Gods forgiveness, a woman poet se

12、t off _to see_(see) God, and made apologies, which moved God.With his permission, human beings finally had good harvests again.Thus to wipe sadness and remind _themselves_ (they) of the belief in God, people began to celebrate the festival.On the day of the festival, people gather in the open air, s

13、uch as in playgrounds or parking lots, and have fun with each other energetically all night long, as though they were never tired.When a beauty _dressed_ (dress) in lovely clothing reads poems in memory of _the_ poet, everyone holds their breath.Then, it is the custom that the bone of a rooster head

14、 is given to her_as_ an award.Obviously, the story may not be true, _but/yet_ the festival is interesting.七選五閱讀理解The Lantern Festival is a traditional Chinese festival with great significance,which is on the 15th of the first lunar month,marking the end of New Year celebrations.Here are several thin

15、gs you should know about the Lantern Festival.The Origins of Chinese lanternsThe origins of Chinese lanterns date back to the Stone Age.The coming of the Bronze Age saw the development of various kinds of lanterns,of which palace lanterns were the most fascinating.1Various lantern festivals became a

16、 hit during the Sui Dynasty,and during the Southern Song Dynasty,the custom of writing riddles on lantern arose.During the Qing Dynasty,magnificent exhibitions of lanterns were held in the capital city.Eating small dumpling ballsJust as the name implies,an important part of the Lantern Festival,or Y

17、uan Xiao Festival,is to eat small dumpling balls made of sticky rice flour.We call these balls Yuan Xiao,or Tang Yuan.2 The dumpling symbolises family unity,completeness and happiness.3When it comes to the Lantern Festival,“Guessing lantern riddles” is an essential component.Lantern owners will writ

18、e riddles on a piece of paper and post them on the lanterns in advance.If visitors can answer the riddles,they will get a little gift.Watching fireworksAt night,in addition to lighted lanterns,fireworks form a grand scene.Most families save some fireworks from the Spring Festival and set them off du

19、ring the Lantern Festival.4Dragon danceThe dragon dance is often performed during the Chinese New Year period.5 They are believed to bring good luck to people,therefore the longer the dragon in the dance,the more luck it will bring to the community.A.Guessing lantern riddlesB.Chinese dragons are a symbol of China.C.The ways of celebrating the Lantern FestivalD.Obviously,they get the name from the festival.E.All the Chinese people like watching dragon dance.F.Later,decorative lanterns came to be used in festivals.G.Some local governments will even organise a fireworks display.答