動(dòng)畫(huà)專(zhuān)業(yè)英語(yǔ)課件

1、動(dòng)畫(huà)專(zhuān)業(yè)英語(yǔ) Animation English動(dòng)畫(huà)：animation二維動(dòng)畫(huà)：animation 卡通：cartoon三維動(dòng)畫(huà)：animation 漫畫(huà)：comics日本漫畫(huà)： manga D: dimensional di5menFEnEl adj. 空間的Stop motion :Clay animation:ACTION動(dòng)作ANIMATOR原畫(huà)者，動(dòng)畫(huà)設(shè)計(jì)ASSISTANT動(dòng)畫(huà)者ANTIC預(yù)備動(dòng)作AIRBRUSHING噴效ANGLE角度ANIMATEDZOOM畫(huà)面擴(kuò)大或縮小ANIMATIONFILM動(dòng)畫(huà)片ANIMATIONCOMPUTER電腦控制動(dòng)畫(huà)攝影ATMOSPHERESKETC

2、H氣氛草圖BP(BOTPEGS)下定位BG(BACKGROUND)背景BLURS模糊BLK(BLINK)眨眼BRKDN(BD)(BREAK-DOWN)中割BGLAYOUT背景設(shè)計(jì)稿BACKGROUNDKEYS背景樣本BACKGROUNDHOOKUP銜接背景BACKGROUNDPAN長(zhǎng)背景BACKGROUNDSTILL短背景BARSHEETS音節(jié)表BEAT節(jié)拍BLANK空白BLOOM閃光BLOWUP放大 CAMERANOTES攝影注意事項(xiàng)CU(CLOSE-UP)特寫(xiě)CLEANUP清稿，修形，作監(jiān)CUT鏡頭結(jié)束CEL=CELLULOID化學(xué)板CYCLE循環(huán)CW(CLOCK-WISE)順時(shí)針轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)CC

3、W(COUNTERCLOCK-WISE)逆時(shí)針轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)CONTINUE(CONT，COND)繼續(xù)CAM(CAMERA)攝影機(jī)CUSH(CUSHION)緩沖C=CENTER中心點(diǎn)CAMERASHAKE鏡頭振動(dòng)CHECKER檢查員CONSTANT等速持續(xù)COLORKEYS=COLORMARK-UPS色指定COLORMODEL彩色造型COLORFLASH(PAINTFLASH)跳色CAMERAANIMATION動(dòng)畫(huà)攝影機(jī)CELLEVEL化學(xué)板層次CHARACTER人物造型DIALOG(DIALOGUE)對(duì)白及口形DUBLEEXPOSURE雙重曝光MULTIRUNS多重曝光1stRUN第一次曝光2ndRU

4、N地二次曝光HOLD畫(huà)面停格HALO光圈INT(INTERIOR)里面；室內(nèi)景INB(INBETWEEN)動(dòng)畫(huà)IN-BETWEENER動(dòng)畫(huà)員I&P(INK&PAINT)描線和著色I(xiàn)NKING描線INSYNC同步INTERMITTENT間歇IRISOUTairiuos畫(huà)面旋逝JIGGLE搖動(dòng)JUMP跳JITTER跳動(dòng)LIPSYNC口形LEVEL層LOOK看LISTEN聽(tīng)LAYOUT設(shè)計(jì)稿；構(gòu)圖LAUGHS(LAFFS)笑L/S(LIGHTSOURCE)光源LINETEST(PENCILTEST)鉛筆稿試拍；線拍M.S.(MEDIUMSHOT)中景M.C.U.(MEDIIUMCLOSEUP)近景M

5、OVESOUT(EXIT;O.S.)出去MOVESIN進(jìn)入MATCHLINE組合線MULTIRUNS多重拍攝MOUTH嘴MOUTHCHARTS口形圖MAGTRACK(MAGNETICSOUNDTRACK)磁性的音軌MULTI CELLEVELS多層次化學(xué)板MULTIPLANE多層設(shè)計(jì)NSPEGS南北定位器NG(NOGOOD)不好的，作廢NARRATION旁白敘述nareixinOL(OVERLAY)前層景OUTOFSCENE到畫(huà)外面OS(OFFSTAGEOFFSCENE)出景OFFMODEL走型OLUL(UNDERLAY)前層與中層間的景OVERLAPACTION重疊動(dòng)作ONES一格；單格PO

6、SE姿勢(shì)POS(POSITION)位置；定點(diǎn)PAN移動(dòng)POPSINON突然出現(xiàn)PAUSE停頓；暫停PERSPECTIVE透視PEGBAR定位尺PT(PAINTING)著色PAINTFLASHES(COLORFLASHES)跳色PAPERCUT剪紙片PENCILTEST鉛筆稿試拍PERSISTENCEOFVISION視覺(jué)暫留POST-SYNCHRONIZEDSOUND后期同步錄音PUPPET木偶片RIPPLEGLASS水紋玻璃RE-PEG重新定位RUFF(ROUGH-DRAWING)草稿RUN跑REG(REGISTER) redgister組合RPT(REPEAT)重復(fù)RETAKES重拍；修改R

7、EGISTRATIONPEGS定位器redVistreiFEnREGISTRATIONHOLES定位洞SILHOUETTE(SILO)剪影silu(:) eitSPEEDLINE流線STORMOUT速轉(zhuǎn)出SPARKLE火花；閃光SHADOW陰影SMILE微笑SMOKE煙STOP停止SLOW慢慢的SC(SCENE)鏡號(hào) Transformers 變形金剛Transformers is a new Hollywood blockbuster which has not only taken America by storm, it has also been a number one film i

8、n China as well. The film has earned over 100 million RMB and it has outdone all the other American films at the box office in China this year. It is expected to even double that figure in the future. For those of you who might not know, transformers were famous toys back in the 1980s. They are robo

9、ts that transform into things like vehicles or animals. To promote the sale of the toys back then, a television cartoon series was created, which was equally popular A film of the cartoon was released in 1986 called The Transformers: The Movie. That film was set 20 years in the future in the year 20

10、05!This new film is a remake of the 1980s animated movie. Its an action thriller with lots of special effects. Its the story of a boy Sam who buys a car, only to find out it is actually a transformer known as an Autobot. The Autobots arent the only Transformers though. Autobots are battling against

11、Decepticons, both of which are made up words in English for these characters. The biggest fans of the new film are not the kids it is aimed at its actually the adults who were fans of the toys and cartoons back in the 1980s. Sales of the toys are set to increase as a result of the success of the fil

12、m. Michael Bay is the director of the film. He is known for his previous blockbusters Armageddon and Pearl Harbour. In view of the popularity of the film in China, Michael has launched a Chinese language website so he can communicate with his Chinese fans.The film was released on 11th July in China

13、but British Transformer fans have had to wait a little bit longer to see it. Transformers only came out in cinemas in the UK this week but it is predicted to excite the audiences just as much over here.Glossary 詞匯表 blockbuster 熱門(mén)電影 taken America by storm 風(fēng)靡美 國(guó) earned 收入，盈利 outdone 超過(guò)了 at the box off

14、ice 在票房收入中 transform 轉(zhuǎn)變，變形 vehicles 車(chē)輛 to promote 宣傳 cartoon 卡通 equally 同樣的 set 設(shè)立在(20年后的將來(lái)) a remake 重拍 animated 動(dòng)畫(huà)的 action thriller 動(dòng)作片 special effects 電影特技 made up 虛構(gòu) set to 應(yīng)該會(huì)（增加） director 導(dǎo)演 launched 推出，啟動(dòng) predicted 預(yù)言 1. Reading Quiz 閱讀測(cè)驗(yàn) Are these sentences true or false? Circle the correct

15、answer. 以下句子哪句是真?哪句是假？請(qǐng)圈出正確答案。 1. The new Transformers film is really popular in America and China. True / False 2. The TV cartoon series wasnt as popular as the toys. True / False 3. The 1980s animated film was set in the year 2050. True / False 4. You will not find the words Autobot or Decepticon

16、in an English dictionary. True / False 5. The Transformers film came out on the same day in the UK and in China. True / False 2. Vocabulary 詞匯 Transform is word which simply means change. Can you match up the words you might recognise on the left with the more complicated words on the right that bas

17、ically have the same meaning? Transform 和change 都是指改變的意思。試試你能不能為以下的形容詞1-6從a至e 中選出相應(yīng)的含義。 1. change a. utter 2. say b. observe 3. stop c. occur 4. watch d. consider 5. happen e. transform 6. think f. halt 3. Anagrams 組詞填空 Can you transform these anagrams to make one of the words in the right-hand colu

18、mn? 試試重新排列組合次序混亂的詞語(yǔ)(1-6), 看能不能組成右面的詞(a-f)。 1. arms r sent for a. animated 2. rot sob b. director 3. buckets rob l c. transformers 4. mean it da d. blockbuster 5. c lifts space fee e. special effects 6. order it c f. robots Now complete the summary below using the words in the right-hand column above

19、. 從把上面詞表中挑選正確的詞語(yǔ)填空造句。 _ is a new Hollywood _. It is a remake of the _ movie from the 1980s. Transformers are _ that can change themselves into something else like a car or an animal. The film is an action thriller that has lots of _. The _ is Michael Bay who is famous for his work on other Hollywood

20、 blockbusters like Armageddon and Pearl Harbour. Answers 答 1. Reading Quiz 閱讀測(cè)驗(yàn) 2. Vocabulary 詞匯 Are these sentences true or false? Circle the Transform is word which simply means change. correct answer. Can you match up the words you might recognise 以下句子哪句是真?哪句是假？請(qǐng)圈出正確答案。 on the left with the more

21、complicated words on the right that basically have the same meaning? 1. The new Transformers film is really popular in America and China. True Transform 和 change 都是指改變的意思。試試你能不能 為以下的形容詞1-6從a至e中選出相應(yīng)的含義。 2. The TV cartoon series wasnt as popular as the toys. False 1. e 2. a 3. f 4. b 5. c 6. D 3. The

22、1980s animated film was set in the year 2050. Now complete the sentences below choosing the False correct word from the right-hand column above. 請(qǐng)選用上面 (a - f)詞表中挑選適當(dāng)?shù)男稳菰~來(lái)完成以下語(yǔ)句。 4. You will not find the words Autobot or Decepticon in an English dictionary. True 1. I went to observe the student baseb

23、all team to see how good they were. 5. The Transformers film came out on the same day in the UK and in China. False 2. They had to halt the tennis match because it started to rain. 3. My grandad isnt very talkative. He sits and reads a lot and he will only utter a few words when you see him. 4. Some

24、one stole my mobile phone last week. I hope that doesnt occur again soon! 5. I need to consider whether I can afford to move to the city or not. 6. Robots transform into cars in the new Transformers film. 3. Anagrams 組詞填空 4. Wordsearch 單詞搜索 Can you transform these anagrams to make one r t of the wor

25、ds in the right-hand column? v e h i c l e s r 試試重新排列組合次序混亂的詞語(yǔ)(1-6), 看能不能組成右面 m b a a 的詞(a-f)。 a o r n 1. c 2. f 3. d 4. a 5. e 6. b k x t s Now complete the summary below using the e o o m f words in the right-hand column above. f a n s o o 從上面的詞表中挑選正確詞語(yǔ)填空造句。 f v n r t i f i l m Transformers is a n

26、ew Hollywood blockbuster. It is a o c i n e m a e e remake of the animated movie from the 1980s. Transformers blockbuster熱門(mén)電影 earned收入，盈利 at the box office在票房收入中 vehicles車(chē)輛 cartoon卡通 set設(shè)立在(20年后的將來(lái)) animated動(dòng)畫(huà)的 special effects電影特技 set to應(yīng)該會(huì)（增加） launched推出，啟動(dòng) taken America by storm風(fēng)靡美國(guó) outdone超過(guò)了 tra

27、nsform轉(zhuǎn)變，變形 to promote宣傳 equally同樣的 a remake重拍 action thriller動(dòng)作片 made up虛構(gòu) director導(dǎo)演 predicted預(yù)言 Snoopy Comic Strips This is retrieving? Mid-Autumn Festival 中秋節(jié)On 25th September this year, people all over China will be getting together to eat with their families, look at the moon and celebrate one

28、 of the biggest festivals in the Chinese lunar calendar.However, the celebrations stretch far beyond the borders of China. Here in the UK events are taking place for Chinese people living here, and to teach the people of Britain more about this popular festival.The Soho Theatre in London conducted a

29、 study which showed that Chinese Londoners dont engage much with the arts world. As a result, Moonwalking In China has been created to celebrate the Mid-Autumn Festival.How many mooncakes will you eat this year? And the celebrations dont stop there! In early October the British Museum is actually op

30、ening late for a special free Mid-Autumn Festival event. There will be Chinese musical performances, a guess-the-mooncake-flavour game and you can learn how to perform a fan dance.You can also try your hand at a variety of other traditional Chinese arts and crafts, as well as learning Mandarin and l

31、earning more about the history of China. The Chinese population in the UK is quite large, so no doubt there will be events happening not only in the capital, but all around the country. However you are celebrating, we hope you have fun. Happy mid-Autumn festival from everyone at BBC Learning English

32、!the Chinese lunar calendar中國(guó)農(nóng)歷borders邊界engage參與theatre production劇作volunteers志愿者landmarks地標(biāo)性建筑generations世世代代feature prominently顯著的unique獨(dú)一無(wú)二的try your hand at試試手stretch far beyond遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超越conducted a study進(jìn)行一項(xiàng)研究the arts world藝術(shù)世界theatre professionals戲劇界專(zhuān)業(yè)人lantern-lit點(diǎn)燃燈籠的backstreets后街cross paths交叉site-s

33、pecific實(shí)地的a fan dance扇舞arts and crafts工藝The twelve principles of animation were created in the early 1930s by animators at the Walt Disney Studios. These principles were used to guide production and creative discussions as well to train young animators better and faster. These twelve principles beca

34、me one of the foundations of hand-drawn cartoon character animation. The twelve principles, as they are commonly referred to, also helped to transform animation from a novelty into an art form. By applying these principles to their work these pioneering animators produced many of the earliest animat

35、ed feature films that became classics: Snow White (1937), Pinocchio and Fantasia (1940), Dumbo (1941), and Bambi (1942). The twelve principles are mostly about five things: acting the performance, directing the performance, representing reality (through drawing, modeling, and rendering), interpretin

36、g real world physics, and editing a sequence of actions. The original principles are still relevant today because they help us to create more believable characters and situations. They can be applied to almost any type of animation, even though they work best for comedy. But, some of these principle

37、s require updates, and a few new additional principles are also needed to address the new techniques and styles of three-dimensional computer animation.Animation techniques and styles, and the scope of productions, have changed tremendously since the 1930s. The dominant, almost exclusive, style of a

38、nimation then was hand-drawn pose-to-pose cartoon narrative animation. Today we have more styles including non-linear interactive videogames and non-narrative music videos. In the 1930s some animation techniques and capabilities were underdeveloped, camera moves and lighting for example, or misunder

39、stood: rotoscoping or stop-motion. Consider too the new tools that have transformed our craft: hand-held cameras, television, non-linear editing, compositing, motion capture, computer graphics and procedural tools. Other artforms have greatly evolved since the 1930s, creating new languages and new p

40、rinciples. It is time to do the same with animation, it is time to reinterpret and expand the original principles. We also need to create new additional principles that address todays new animation styles and techniques. This is our collective challenge.Scope 范圍 tremendously巨大的 dominant 占統(tǒng)治地位的,主流的 e

41、xclusive 唯一的 Narrative 敘事性的 underdeveloped不發(fā)達(dá)的 procedural程序上的Reinterpret 重新解釋 expand 展開(kāi),擴(kuò)張 collective集合性的,共同的Squash and stretch, the first principle from the original twelve, is used to exaggerate the amount of non-rigid body deformations usually with the purpose of achieving a more comedic effect.

42、Three-dimensional squash and stretch can be implemented with a variety of techniques: skin and muscle, springs, direct mesh manipulation and morphing. It can also be implemented in more experimental ways with weighting, especially for dynamics simulations, and unusual IK systems.擠壓與伸展 rigid 鋼性的 impl

43、emented 實(shí)現(xiàn)Springs 彈性跳躍 直接網(wǎng)格操作 morph變形Implemented貫徹執(zhí)行 dynamics simulations動(dòng)力學(xué)模擬The technique of anticipation helps to guide the audiences eyes to where the action is about to occur. Anticipation, including motion holds, is great for “announcing the surprise.” In three-dimensional computer animation i

44、t can be fine-tuned using digital time-editing tools such as time sheets, timelines, and curves. More anticipation equals less suspense. Horror films, for example, switch back and forth from lots of anticipation to total surprise. suspensesEs5pens n.焦慮, 懸念, 懸而不決fine-tuned 精調(diào)諧, 微調(diào)back and forthadv.來(lái)來(lái)

45、往往地, 來(lái)回地Switch vt.轉(zhuǎn)換, 轉(zhuǎn)變布局Staging, or mise-en-scne as it is also known, is about translating the mood and intention of a scene into specific character positions and actions. Staging the key character poses in the scene helps to define the nature of the action. Three-dimensional animatics are a great

46、 tool for previsualizing and blocking out the staging before the primary, secondary and facial animation. There are many staging techniques to tell the story visually: hiding or revealing the center of interest, and a chain reaction of actions-reactions are a couple of them. Staging can also be aide

47、d with contemporary cinematic techniques such as slow motion, frozen time, motion loops, and hand-held camera moves. intentionin5tenFEnn.意圖, 目的block out封閉,擬大綱,設(shè)計(jì)aided5eidid半自動(dòng)的contemporarykEn5tempErErin.同時(shí)代的人adj.當(dāng)代的, 同時(shí)代的Straight-ahead action and pose-to-pose are two different animation techniques t

48、hat yield fairly different results. In the early days of hand-drawn animation pose-to-pose action became the standard animation technique because it breaks down structured motion into a series of clearly defined key poses. In straight-ahead action the character moves spontaneously through the action

49、 one step at a time until the action is finished. Motion capture and dynamics simulations, even three-dimensional rotoscoping, are clearly the straight-ahead techniques of three-dimensional computer animation. They can all be blended intelligently using channels.yieldji:ld出產(chǎn), 生長(zhǎng), 生產(chǎn)( to)屈服, 屈從產(chǎn)量, 收益

50、structure5strQktFEn.結(jié)構(gòu), 構(gòu)造, 建筑物vt.建筑, 構(gòu)成, 組織Defined 規(guī)定的spontaneousspCn5teinjEs, -niEsadj.自然地, 本能地rotoscopingA Scanner DarklyA Scanner Darkly所用到的技術(shù)名叫rotoscoping，這種技術(shù)可以說(shuō)是傳統(tǒng)動(dòng)畫(huà)技術(shù)的一個(gè)分支，而對(duì)真人拍攝片斷的跟蹤是其主要內(nèi)容。電影中所使用的軟件運(yùn)用了插值算法。為了使電影呈現(xiàn)出獨(dú)特的、超現(xiàn)實(shí)主義的視覺(jué)效果，每一幀都要被改變成油畫(huà)的風(fēng)格。利用插值軟件，我們可以使得Rotoscoping在處理速度方面比其他形式的動(dòng)畫(huà)風(fēng)格更加的快速，

51、但是在里面加入我們想要的細(xì)節(jié)部分則是非常頭疼的一件事。為了保證電影能夠按照預(yù)定的計(jì)劃完成，每位動(dòng)畫(huà)師每周要完成大約100幀的工作任務(wù)，這100幀相當(dāng)于影片中的4秒。完成整部電影耗費(fèi)了50名動(dòng)畫(huà)師近一年半的時(shí)間。其他形式的動(dòng)畫(huà)都包括了手繪動(dòng)作的步驟，這樣可以更好的理解物體運(yùn)動(dòng)的過(guò)程。但是在rotoscoping中，動(dòng)作是事先拍攝好的，也就是說(shuō)動(dòng)作捕捉的過(guò)程已經(jīng)完成。在這里需要一種額外的技能，這就將實(shí)際拍攝的照片藝術(shù)性的表現(xiàn)出來(lái)。為了完成這項(xiàng)重要的工作，我們需要雇傭比傳統(tǒng)動(dòng)畫(huà)更多的插畫(huà)師。 Follow-through and overlapping action are two techniqu

52、es that help make the action richer and fuller with detail and subtlety. Follow-through action consists of the reactions of the character after an action, and it usually lets audiences know how he or she feels about what has just happened or is about to happen. In overlapping action multiple motions

53、 influence, blend, and overlap the position of the character. In three-dimensional computer animation a lot of the common follow-through motions of clothing and hair, for example, can be animated with dynamics simulations. The layers and channels in three-dimensional computer animation software allo

54、w us to mix and blend different overlapping motions from different areas of the character.Slow-in and slow-out consist of slowing down the beginning and the end of an action, while speeding up the middle of it. A snappy effect is achieved when motion is accelerated and retarded in this way. In three

55、-dimensional computer animation slow-ins and slow-outs can be fine-tuned with digital time-editing tools. When using motion capture techniques for cartoon-style animated characters it is essential to remind performers to do slow-ins and slow-outs. The inverse variation of this effect, a fast-in and

56、fast-out, is often times seen in TV commercials and music videos where the beginning and end of the sequence are accelerated while the middle is slowed down giving it a surreal or dreamy feeling. snappy爽快的accelerated加速的retard(潮水漲退等)遲延; 耽誤, 減速flatten變平, 變單調(diào)essential本質(zhì)的, 實(shí)質(zhì)的inverse variation變化, 改變變化的程

57、度surreal超現(xiàn)實(shí)主義的come across來(lái)到, 偶遇, 給人印象深刻不期而遇,交付Using arcs to animate the movements of characters helps achieve a natural look because most living creatures move in curved paths, never in perfectly straight lines. Non-arc motion comes across as sinister, restricted or robotic. In three-dimensional com

58、puter animation we can use software constraints to force all or some of the motion within arcs. Even motion-captured performances can be fine-tuned with curve editors, as long as the motion is not flattened. Secondary action consists of the smaller motions that complement the dominant action. In thr

59、ee-dimensional computer animation we can take advantage of layers and channels for building up different secondary motions, for example, a layer for hair, a layer for the characters hat, a layer for the cape, and so on.Timing is the precise moment and the amount of time that a character spends on an

60、 action. Timing adds emotion and intention to the characters performance. Most three-dimensional computer animation tools allow us to fine tune the timing by shaving off or adding frames with non-linear time-editing. Timing can also be controlled and adjusted by placing each character on a separate