英語(yǔ)基本成分和基本句型市公開課金獎(jiǎng)市賽課一等獎(jiǎng)?wù)n件

1、（1）During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular.（2）We often speak English in class.（3）One-third of the students in this class are girls.（4）To swim in the river is a great pleasure.（5）Smoking does harm to the health.（6）The rich should help the poor.（7）When we are going to

2、 have an English test has not been decided.（8）It is necessary to master a foreign language.一. 主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)是一個(gè)句子所敘述主體，普通位于句首。（名詞）（代詞）（數(shù)詞）（不定式）（動(dòng)名詞）（名詞化形容詞）（主語(yǔ)從句）（形式主語(yǔ)）第1頁(yè) 1. 簡(jiǎn)單謂語(yǔ)：由一個(gè)動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)組成。 Eg: He practices running every morning.2. 復(fù)合謂語(yǔ)： 由情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或其它助動(dòng)詞加動(dòng)詞原形組成。 Eg: You may keep the book for two weeks. He is w

3、atching TV.二. 謂語(yǔ) 謂語(yǔ)說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)所做動(dòng)作或含有特征和狀態(tài)。動(dòng)詞在句中作謂語(yǔ)，普通放在主語(yǔ)之后。第2頁(yè)（1）They went to see an exhibition yesterday.（2）The heavy rain prevented me from coming to school on time.（4）They helped the old with their housework yesterday.三. 賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)表示動(dòng)作對(duì)象或承受者，普通位于vt. 和prep.后面。（名詞）（代詞）（名詞化形容詞）（5）He pretended not to see me. （6

4、）I enjoy listening to popular music.（7）I think（that）he is fit for his office.（不定式）（賓語(yǔ)從句）（動(dòng)名詞）第3頁(yè) （1）Our teacher of English is an American.（2）Is it yours?（3）The weather has turned cold.（4）The speech is exciting.（5）Three times seven is twenty one?四. 表語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)用以說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)身份、特征和狀態(tài)，它普通位于系動(dòng)詞之后。（名詞）（代詞）（形容詞）（分詞）（數(shù)詞）第

5、4頁(yè) （6）His job is to teach English.（7）His hobby is playing football.（8）The machine must be out of order.（9）Time is up. The class is over.（10）The truth is that he has never been abroad.（不定式）（動(dòng)名詞）（介詞短語(yǔ)）（副詞）（表語(yǔ)從句）第5頁(yè)（1）Guilin is a beautiful city.（2）China is a developing country; America is a developed c

6、ountry.（3）There are thirty women teachers in our school.（4）Open your mouth.五. 定語(yǔ) 定語(yǔ)是對(duì)名詞或代詞起修飾、限定作用詞、短語(yǔ)或句子，譯為 。（形容詞）（分詞） （名詞）（代詞）第6頁(yè)（5）Our monitor is always the first to enter the classroom. （6）The teaching plan for next term has been worked out.（7）He is reading an article about how to learn English.

7、（8）He lost his new pen that was bought last week. （不定式短語(yǔ)）（動(dòng)名詞）（介詞短語(yǔ)）（定語(yǔ)從句）定語(yǔ)通常位于被修飾成份前。注：1、復(fù)合不定代詞（something/nothing）之后； 2、不定式/分詞短語(yǔ)/從句作定語(yǔ)時(shí)要放在被修飾成份后； 3、副詞用作定語(yǔ)時(shí)須放在名詞之后。第7頁(yè)（1）Light travels most quickly.（2）He has lived in the city for ten years.（3）He is proud to have passed the national college entrance

8、examination.（4）He is in the room making a model plane.（5）Wait a minute.（6）Once you begin, you must continue.六. 狀語(yǔ) 狀語(yǔ)是用來(lái)修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞或整個(gè)句子，說(shuō)明動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)特征句子成份，通常放在動(dòng)詞之后。（副詞及副詞性詞組）（介詞短語(yǔ)）（不定式短語(yǔ)）（分詞短語(yǔ)）（名詞）（狀語(yǔ)從句）第8頁(yè)（1）How about meeting again at six?（2）Last night she didnt go to the dance party because of the rain

9、.（3）I shall go there if it doesnt rain.（4）Mr Smith lives on the third floor.（5）She put the eggs into the basket with great care.狀語(yǔ)種類（時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)）（原因狀語(yǔ)）（條件狀語(yǔ)）（地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)）（方式狀語(yǔ)）第9頁(yè)（6）She came in with a dictionary in her hand.（7）In order to catch up with the others, I must work harder.（8）He was so tired that he fel

10、l asleep immediately.（9）She works very hard though she is old.（10）I am taller than he is.狀語(yǔ)種類（伴隨狀語(yǔ)）（目狀語(yǔ)）（結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)）（讓步狀語(yǔ)）（比較狀語(yǔ)）第10頁(yè)七. 補(bǔ)語(yǔ) 補(bǔ)語(yǔ)是用來(lái)補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明賓語(yǔ)或主語(yǔ)性質(zhì)、狀態(tài)等一個(gè)句子成份。普通分為主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。（1）We elected him chairman. （2）He slept last night with the light on. （3）They should keep these things in the box. （4）We imag

11、ine him to be a liar. （5）They was thought rather clever. (名詞)(副詞)(介詞短語(yǔ))(不定式)(形容詞)第11頁(yè)八. 同位語(yǔ) 對(duì)句子中某一成份作深入解釋、說(shuō)明，與前面名詞在語(yǔ)法上處于同等地位句子成份叫做同位語(yǔ)。同位語(yǔ)通常置于被說(shuō)明詞之后。（1）Cixi, our hometown, is a beautiful city. （2）They each like English. （3）Are you three ready to start out? （4）Word came that the king died. （名詞）（代詞）（數(shù)詞

12、）（同位語(yǔ)從句）第12頁(yè)You will tell your friend that youve got to school. But as the moon gave far too much light, I didnt dare open a window.3. Another time five months ago, I happened to be upstairs at dusk when the window was open.4. The dark, rainy evening, the wind, the thundering clouds held me entirely

13、 in their power.操演：劃分句子成份第13頁(yè)1.You will tell （your） friend that youve got to school.2. But as the moon gave far too much light, I didntdare open a window.3. Another time five months ago, I happened to beUpstairs at dusk (when the window was open).4. The (dark, rainy) evening, the wind, the thunderin

14、gClouds held me entirely in their power.主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)間賓定語(yǔ)直接賓語(yǔ)原因狀語(yǔ)主語(yǔ) 謂語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)操演：劃分句子成份第14頁(yè)指出畫線部分在句子中所充當(dāng)成份： To most Chinese basketball fans, Yao Mings retirement is a big disappointment. Yao, a hero in their hearts, has made great contribution to the development of Chinese basketball and

15、made it the most favorite sport in China. Now we can only wish him a good future.第15頁(yè)英語(yǔ)基本句型第16頁(yè)英語(yǔ)句子基本結(jié)構(gòu)能夠歸納成五種基本句型一： （主謂）二： （主系表）三： （主謂賓）四： （主謂間賓直賓）五： （主謂賓賓補(bǔ)）第17頁(yè)基本句型 一：+ i （主謂）1. The sunrose. 2. Who cares? 3. What he said does not matter. 4. They talked for half an hour. 5. The pen writes smoothly.

16、6. After visiting some places, we were singing and dancing in the open area. 第18頁(yè)基本句型 二： + t + （主謂賓）1. Who knows the answer? 2. He has refused to help them. 3. He enjoys reading. 4. He said Good morning. 5. He admits that he was mistaken. 第19頁(yè)基本句型 三： + （主謂間賓直賓）She ordered herself a new dress. 2. He

17、brought you a dictionary. 3. I showed him my pictures. 4. I told him that the bus was late. 5. He showed me how to run the machine. 第20頁(yè)基本句型 四： + （主謂賓賓補(bǔ)）賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)：位于賓語(yǔ)之后對(duì)賓語(yǔ)作出說(shuō)明成份。The war made him a soldier.New methods make the job easy.I often find him at work.The teacher ask the students to close the w

18、indows.I saw a cat running across the road.Who had the window broken?第21頁(yè)1. This is an English-Chinese dictionary. 2. The dinner smells good. 3. He fell in love. 4. Everything looks different. 5. He is growing tall and strong. 6. Our well has gone dry. 7. His face turned red. 基本句型 五： + （主系表）第22頁(yè)Ther

19、e are some books on the desk. There came shouts for help from the river. There stands a big tree on the top of the e, stand, live, exist, *There be 結(jié)構(gòu)： There be 表示“存在、有”， 此結(jié)構(gòu)后跟名詞，表示“（存在）有某事物”。第23頁(yè)第24頁(yè)第25頁(yè) 除了基本句型成份不變外，通常是在這些成份前面或后面增加一些修飾語(yǔ)而加以擴(kuò)大。這些修飾語(yǔ)能夠是單詞（主要是形容詞、副詞和數(shù)詞），也能夠是各種類型短語(yǔ)（主要是介詞短語(yǔ)、不定式短語(yǔ)和分詞短語(yǔ)）。下

20、面以基本句型五（s+v+o+c）為例： 第26頁(yè)We found the great hall full of students and teachers listening to an important report made by a comrade from the Peoples Daily on current affairs in East Europe. 我們發(fā)覺(jué)大禮堂坐滿了學(xué)生和教師，在聽人民日?qǐng)?bào)一位同志作相關(guān)東歐局勢(shì)主要匯報(bào)。We found the hall full. 我們發(fā)覺(jué)禮堂坐滿了。We found the great hall full of students

21、and teachers. 我們發(fā)覺(jué)大禮堂坐滿了學(xué)生和教師。We found the great hall full of students and teachers listening to an important report. 我們發(fā)覺(jué)大禮堂坐滿了學(xué)生和教師，在聽一個(gè)主要匯報(bào)。第27頁(yè)a. b. c. d. e. 1，Pleas tell us a story._2, She smiled._3. His job is to train swimmers._4. He noticed a man enter the room._5. Please look at the picture

22、._dabec第28頁(yè) A Lebanese who had left the country for Syria during the conflict between Israel and Hizbollah, returns with her family following the ceasefire, at the Lebanon-Syria border in Magdel Anjar August 14, . S + V 第29頁(yè) A 53-point win over South Korea wrapped up a perfect Asian exhibition tour

23、for a star-studded U.S. team on its way to the world championships. S + V + O第30頁(yè)practice1: Now great changes have taken place in our school.2: Im afraid that I have made a serious mistake.3: I think it necessary that he should do the test.S+VS+V+OS+V+O+C第31頁(yè)4: Three snakes, whose poison could kill a person in ten minutes, are guarding a blue star sapphire (藍(lán)寶石) worth nearly six hundred thousand dollars at a Japanese exhibition of jewels sent from an Indian museum.S+V+O第32頁(yè)5: Whe