TRIPS與貿(mào)易有關(guān)的知識產(chǎn)權(quán)協(xié)定中英文對照

1、121/121TRIPS: TEXT OF THE AGREEMENTAgreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights與貿(mào)易有關(guān)的知識產(chǎn)權(quán)協(xié)定（ TRIPS協(xié)定是1994年4月15日在摩洛哥馬拉喀什簽署的成立世界貿(mào)易組織馬拉喀什協(xié)定中的附件1CThe TRIPS Agreement is Annex1C of the HYPERLINK /english/docs_e/legal_e/legal_e.htm Marrakesh Agreement Establishing the World Trade Org

2、anization, signed in Marrakesh, Morocco on 15April1994.與貿(mào)易有關(guān)的知識產(chǎn)權(quán)協(xié)定的前言HYPERLINK /english/tratop_e/trips_e/t_agm1_e.htmPREAMBLE to the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights第一部分 總則和基本原則 PARTI HYPERLINK /english/tratop_e/trips_e/t_agm2_e.htm General Provisions and Basic Pri

3、nciples第二部分 關(guān)于知識產(chǎn)權(quán)的效力、范疇和應(yīng)用時的規(guī)范PARTII HYPERLINK /english/tratop_e/trips_e/t_agm3_e.htm Standards Concerning the Availability, Scope and Use of Intellectual Property Rights1. 著作權(quán)和相關(guān)的權(quán)利 HYPERLINK /english/tratop_e/trips_e/t_agm3_e.htm l 1 Copyright and Related Rights 2. 商標 HYPERLINK /english/tratop_e/

4、trips_e/t_agm3_e.htm l 2 Trademarks 3. 地理標識 HYPERLINK /english/tratop_e/trips_e/t_agm3b_e.htm l 3 Geographical Indications 4. 工業(yè)品外觀設(shè)計 HYPERLINK /english/tratop_e/trips_e/t_agm3b_e.htm l 4 Industrial Designs 5. 專利 HYPERLINK /english/tratop_e/trips_e/t_agm3c_e.htm l 5 Patents 6. 集成電路布局設(shè)計（拓撲圖） HYPERLIN

5、K /english/tratop_e/trips_e/t_agm3c_e.htm l 6 Layout-Designs (Topographies) of Integrated Circuits 7. 對未公開信息的保護 HYPERLINK /english/tratop_e/trips_e/t_agm3d_e.htm l 7 Protection of Undisclosed Information 8. 對許可契約中限制競爭行為的抑制HYPERLINK /english/tratop_e/trips_e/t_agm3d_e.htm l 8Control of Anti-Competiti

6、ve Practices in Contractual Licences第三部分 知識產(chǎn)權(quán)的實施PART III HYPERLINK /english/tratop_e/trips_e/t_agm4_e.htm Enforcement of Intellectual Property Rights1. 基本責任 HYPERLINK /english/tratop_e/trips_e/t_agm4_e.htm l 1 General Obligations2. 民事和行政程序及其救濟措施 HYPERLINK /english/tratop_e/trips_e/t_agm4_e.htm l 2 C

7、ivil and Administrative Procedures and Remedies3. 臨時措施 HYPERLINK /english/tratop_e/trips_e/t_agm4_e.htm l 3 Provisional Measures 4. 與邊境措施相關(guān)的專門要求 HYPERLINK /english/tratop_e/trips_e/t_agm4_e.htm l 4 Special Requirements Related to Border Measures 5. 刑事程序 HYPERLINK /english/tratop_e/trips_e/t_agm4_e.h

8、tm l 5 Criminal Procedures第四部分 知識產(chǎn)權(quán)的取得和維持以及當事人之間的相關(guān)程序PART IV Acquisition and Maintenance of Intellectual Property Rights and Related Inter-Partes Procedures第五部分 爭端的防止和解決 PART V HYPERLINK /english/tratop_e/trips_e/t_agm6_e.htm Dispute Prevention and Settlement第六部分 過渡性安排 PART VI HYPERLINK /english/tra

9、top_e/trips_e/t_agm7_e.htm Transitional Arrangements 第七部分 機構(gòu)安排；最后條款 PART VII HYPERLINK /english/tratop_e/trips_e/t_agm8_e.htm Institutional Arrangements; Final Provisions全體成員，Members, 因渴望減少國際貿(mào)易中的被扭曲與障礙，認為必須提高知識產(chǎn)權(quán)有效和充分的保護，并應(yīng)同時確保知識產(chǎn)權(quán)行施中的措施和程序其本身不成為合法貿(mào)易中的障礙；所以確認需要下列方面的新規(guī)則和自律準則：Desiring to reduce distor

10、tions and impediments to international trade, and taking into account the need to promote effective and adequate protection of intellectual property rights, and to ensure that measures and procedures to enforce intellectual property rights do not themselves become barriers to legitimate trade; Recog

11、nizing, to this end, the need for new rules and disciplines concerning: 關(guān)于1994年關(guān)貿(mào)總協(xié)定（GATT）和有關(guān)國際知識產(chǎn)權(quán)協(xié)定或公約基本原則的應(yīng)用；the applicability of the basic principles of GATT 1994 and of relevant international intellectual property agreements or conventions; (b) 關(guān)于涉及貿(mào)易的知識產(chǎn)權(quán)的效力、范疇和應(yīng)用的適用規(guī)范和原則性規(guī)定; the provision of

12、adequate standards and principles concerning the availability, scope and use of trade-related intellectual property rights; (c) 關(guān)于在考慮各國法律制度之間差異的前提下，實施涉及貿(mào)易的知識產(chǎn)權(quán)時有效與適宜方式的規(guī)定； the provision of effective and appropriate means for the enforcement of trade-related intellectual property rights, taking into

13、account differences in national legal systems; (d) 關(guān)于多邊參與防止和解決政府間爭端的有效與迅速的反應(yīng)程序的規(guī)定；以及 the provision of effective and expeditious procedures for the multilateral prevention and settlement of disputes between governments; and (e) 關(guān)于為充分分享國際談判的成果所進行的過渡性安排；transitional arrangements aiming at the fullest p

14、articipation in the results of the negotiations; 且確認，需要擁有一個關(guān)于處理國際貿(mào)易中假冒商品問題的原則、規(guī)則和紀律的多邊框架；Recognizing the need for a multilateral framework of principles, rules and disciplines dealing with international trade in counterfeit goods;且確認，知識產(chǎn)權(quán)屬于私權(quán)；Recognizing that intellectual property rights are private

15、 rights; 且確認，知識產(chǎn)權(quán)國家保護制度中基本的政府政策目標，包括開發(fā)保護的目標和技術(shù)保護的目標；Recognizing the underlying public policy objectives of national systems for the protection of intellectual property, including developmental and technological objectives;且確認，最不發(fā)達國家成員國內(nèi)法律法規(guī)實施時關(guān)于最高靈活性的特殊需求，從而使其在本協(xié)定實施時能具備健全可行的技術(shù)性基礎(chǔ)；Recognizing also th

16、e special needs of the least-developed country Members in respect of maximum flexibility in the domestic implementation of laws and regulations in order to enable them to create a sound and viable technological base;需要強調(diào)，通過多邊程序解決與貿(mào)易有關(guān)的知識產(chǎn)權(quán)爭端，重視承諾，從而減少緊張關(guān)系的重要性；Emphasizing the importance of reducing t

17、ensions by reaching strengthened commitments to resolve disputes on trade-related intellectual property issues through multilateral procedures;期望在WTO與世界知識產(chǎn)權(quán)組織（ 本協(xié)定中簡稱“WIPO”）以及其他有關(guān)國際組織之間建立一種相互支持的關(guān)系； Desiring to establish a mutually supportive relationship between the WTO and the World Intellectual Pr

18、operty Organization (referred to in this Agreement as “WIPO”) as well as other relevant international organizations; 因此通過協(xié)定如下： Herebyagree as follows:第一部分 總則和基本原則 Part I General Provisions and Basic Principles第1條 責任的性質(zhì)和范圍 Article 1 Nature and Scope of Obligations 1. 各成員均必須實行本協(xié)定中的規(guī)定，各成員可以但并無義務(wù)，在其法律中實

19、施比本協(xié)定要求更廣泛的保護，只要此種保護不違反本協(xié)定的規(guī)定。各成員有權(quán)在其各自的法律制度和實踐中確定實施本協(xié)定規(guī)定的適當方法。Members shall give effect to the provisions of this Agreement. Members may, but shall not be obliged to, implement in their law more extensive protection than is required by this Agreement, provided that such protection does not contrave

20、ne the provisions of this Agreement. Members shall be free to determine the appropriate method of implementing the provisions of this Agreement within their own legal system and practice.2. 在本協(xié)定中，“知識產(chǎn)權(quán)”一詞系指屬于本協(xié)定第二部分第1節(jié)至第7節(jié)中的所有類別的知識產(chǎn)權(quán)。For the purposes of this Agreement, the term “intellectual propert

21、y” refers to all categories of intellectual property that are the subject of Sections 1 through 7 of Part II. 3. 各成員應(yīng)根據(jù)本協(xié)定的規(guī)定給予其他成員以國民待遇1本協(xié)定中所指的“國民”一詞，對于WTO的單獨關(guān)稅區(qū)成員，指在該關(guān)稅區(qū)內(nèi)定居或擁有真實有效的工業(yè)或商業(yè)機構(gòu)的自然人或法人。對于相應(yīng)的知識產(chǎn)權(quán)，其他成員的國民被認為是符合巴黎公約 (1967) 、伯爾尼公約(1971) 、羅馬公約和關(guān)于集成電路的知識產(chǎn)權(quán)條約中所規(guī)定的保護資格標準的自然人或法人，即WTO的所有成員似乎都已加入了這

22、些公約2在本協(xié)定中，巴黎公約指保護工業(yè)產(chǎn)權(quán)巴黎公約；巴黎公約（1967）指1967年7月14日該公約的斯德哥爾摩文本。伯爾尼公約指保護文學(xué)藝術(shù)作品伯爾尼公約，伯爾尼公約（1971）指1971年3月24日該公約的巴黎文本。羅馬公約指1961年10月26日在羅馬通過的保護表演者、錄音制品制作者和廣播組織的國際公約。關(guān)于集成電路的知識產(chǎn)權(quán)公約（IPIC條約）指19831本協(xié)定中所指的“國民”一詞，對于WTO的單獨關(guān)稅區(qū)成員，指在該關(guān)稅區(qū)內(nèi)定居或擁有真實有效的工業(yè)或商業(yè)機構(gòu)的自然人或法人。2在本協(xié)定中，巴黎公約指保護工業(yè)產(chǎn)權(quán)巴黎公約；巴黎公約（1967）指1967年7月14日該公約的斯德哥爾摩文本。伯

23、爾尼公約指保護文學(xué)藝術(shù)作品伯爾尼公約，伯爾尼公約（1971）指1971年3月24Members shall accord the treatment provided for in this Agreement to the nationals of other Members. HYPERLINK /english/tratop_e/trips_e/t_agm2_e.htm l Footnote1#Footnote1 1 In respect of the relevant intellectual property right, the nationals of other Members

24、 shall be understood as those natural or legal persons that would meet the criteria for eligibility for protection provided for in the Paris Convention (1967), the Berne Convention (1971), the Rome Convention and the Treaty on Intellectual Property in Respect of Integrated Circuits, were all Members

25、 of the WTO members of those conventions.2 Any Member availing itself of the possibilities provided in paragraph3 of Article 5 or paragraph2 of Article6 of the Rome Convention shall make a notification as foreseen in those provisions to the Council for Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property

26、Rights (the “Council for TRIPS”). 1. 本協(xié)定中所指的“國民”，系指在作為WTO成員的單獨關(guān)稅區(qū)內(nèi)定居或擁有實際和有效的工業(yè)或商業(yè)企業(yè)的自然人或法人。When “nationals” are referred to in this Agreement, they shall be deemed, in the case of a separate customs territory Member of the WTO, to mean persons, natural or legal, who are domiciled or who have a real

27、 and effective industrial or commercial establishment in that customs territory.2. 在本協(xié)定中，巴黎公約系指保護工業(yè)產(chǎn)權(quán)巴黎公約 ；巴黎公約（1967）系指其為該公約1967年7月14日斯德哥爾摩的文本。伯爾尼公約系指保護文學(xué)藝術(shù)作品伯爾尼公約 ；伯爾尼公約（1971）系指其為該公約1971年3月24日巴黎的文本。羅馬公約系指1961年10月26日在羅馬通過的保護表演者、錄音制品制作者和廣播組織的國際公約。關(guān)于集成電路的知識產(chǎn)權(quán)公約（IPIC條約）系指1989In this Agreement, “Paris C

28、onvention” refers to the Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property; “Paris Convention (1967)” refers to the Stockholm Act of this Convention of 14July1967. “Berne Convention” refers to the Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works; “Berne Convention (1971)”

29、refers to the Paris Act of this Convention of 24July1971. “Rome Convention” refers to the International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, adopted at Rome on 26October1961. “Treaty on Intellectual Property in Respect of Integrated Cir

30、cuits” (IPIC Treaty) refers to the Treaty on Intellectual Property in Respect of Integrated Circuits, adopted at Washington on 26May1989. “WTO Agreement” refers to the Agreement Establishing the WTO. 第2條 關(guān)于知識產(chǎn)權(quán)的公約 Article 2 Intellectual Property Conventions 1. 各成員在履行本協(xié)定第II部分、第III部分和第IV部分的規(guī)定時，還應(yīng)遵守巴黎公

31、約（1967）中第1條至第12條的規(guī)定以及第19條的規(guī)定。 In respect of PartsII, III and IV of this Agreement, Members shall comply with Articles1 through 12, and Article 19, of the Paris Convention (1967).2. 在本協(xié)定第I部分至第IV部分中，沒有任何內(nèi)容能夠減少各成員目前根據(jù)巴黎公約、伯爾尼公約、羅馬公約和關(guān)于集成電路的知識產(chǎn)權(quán)條約規(guī)定可能必須相互承擔的責任。 Nothing in PartsI to IV of this Agreement

32、shall derogate from existing obligations that Members may have to each other under the Paris Convention, the Berne Convention, the Rome Convention and the Treaty on Intellectual Property in Respect of Integrated Circuits.第3條 關(guān)于國民待遇 Article 3 National Treatment 1. 在遵守巴黎公約（1967）、伯爾尼公約（1971）、羅馬公約或關(guān)于集成電

33、路的知識產(chǎn)權(quán)條約中所已經(jīng)規(guī)定的免責條款的前提下，各成員在知識產(chǎn)權(quán)保護3在第3條和第4條中，“保護”一詞應(yīng)包括影響知識產(chǎn)權(quán)的效力、取得、范圍、維持和實施的事項，以及本協(xié)定專門處理的影響知識產(chǎn)權(quán)的使用的事項。方面，應(yīng)當給予其他成員不低于本國國民待遇的國民待遇。對于演員、錄音制品制作者和廣播機構(gòu)，各成員的這一義務(wù)僅適用于本協(xié)定規(guī)定中的權(quán)利。任何成員對于伯爾尼公約（1971）第6條或羅馬公約第16條第1款（b）項所規(guī)定可能性的運用，均應(yīng)按這些條款中規(guī)定的前瞻3在第3條和第4條中，“保護”一詞應(yīng)包括影響知識產(chǎn)權(quán)的效力、取得、范圍、維持和實施的事項，以及本協(xié)定專門處理的影響知識產(chǎn)權(quán)的使用的事項。Each

34、Member shall accord to the nationals of other Members treatment no less favourable than that it accords to its own nationals with regard to the protection HYPERLINK /english/tratop_e/trips_e/t_agm2_e.htm l Footnote3#Footnote3 (3) of intellectual property, subject to the exceptions already provided i

35、n, respectively, the Paris Convention (1967), the Berne Convention(1971), the Rome Convention or the Treaty on Intellectual Property in Respect of Integrated Circuits. In respect of performers, producers of phonograms and broadcasting organizations, this obligation only applies in respect of the rig

36、hts provided under this Agreement. Any Member availing itself of the possibilities provided in Article6 of the Berne Convention (1971) or paragraph 1(b) of Article16 of the Rome Convention shall make a notification as foreseen in those provisions to the Council for TRIPS.2. 各成員可應(yīng)用本條第1款規(guī)定中允許的在司法和行政程序

37、方面的例外，包括在一成員管轄范圍內(nèi)指定送達地址或委派代理人，但是這些例外應(yīng)為保證遵守與本協(xié)定規(guī)定發(fā)生不相抵觸的法律和法規(guī)所必需，且這種做法的實施下會對貿(mào)易構(gòu)成變相限制。Members may avail themselves of the exceptions permitted under paragraph1 in relation to judicial and administrative procedures, including the designation of an address for service or the appointment of an agent with

38、in the jurisdiction of a Member, only where such exceptions are necessary to secure compliance with laws and regulations which are not inconsistent with the provisions of this Agreement and where such practices are not applied in a manner which would constitute a disguised restriction on trade.3 在第3

39、條和第4條中，“保護”一詞應(yīng)包括影響知識產(chǎn)權(quán)的效力、取得、范圍、維持和實施的事項，以及本協(xié)定專門處理的影響知識產(chǎn)權(quán)的使用的事項。For the purposes of Articles3 and 4, “protection” shall include matters affecting the availability, acquisition, scope, maintenance and enforcement of intellectual property rights as well as those matters affecting the use of intellectu

40、al property rights specifically addressed in this Agreement.第4條 最惠國待遇 Article 4 Most-Favoured-Nation Treatment 對于知識產(chǎn)權(quán)保護，一成員對任何其他國家國民給予的任何利益、優(yōu)惠、特權(quán)或豁免，應(yīng)立即無條件地給予所有其他成員的國民。一成員給予的屬下列情況的任何利益、優(yōu)惠、特權(quán)或豁免，免除此義務(wù)：With regard to the protection of intellectual property, any advantage, favour, privilege or immunity

41、 granted by a Member to the nationals of any other country shall be accorded immediately and unconditionally to the nationals of all other Members. Exempted from this obligation are any advantage, favour, privilege or immunity accorded by a Member:(a) 自一般性的、并非專門限于知識產(chǎn)權(quán)保護的關(guān)于司法協(xié)助或法律實施的國際協(xié)定所派生； deriving

42、 from international agreements on judicial assistance or law enforcement of a general nature and not particularly confined to the protection of intellectual property; (b) 依照伯爾尼公約（1971）或羅馬公約的規(guī)定所給予，此類規(guī)定允許所給予的待遇不屬國民待遇性質(zhì)而屬在另一國中給予待遇的性質(zhì)； granted in accordance with the provisions of the Berne Convention (1

43、971) or the Rome Convention authorizing that the treatment accorded be a function not of national treatment but of the treatment accorded in another country; (c) 關(guān)于本協(xié)定項下未作規(guī)定的有關(guān)表演者、錄音制品制作者以及廣播組織的權(quán)利； in respect of the rights of performers, producers of phonograms and broadcastingorganizations not prov

44、ided under this Agreement; (d) 自WTO協(xié)定生效之前已生效的有關(guān)知識產(chǎn)權(quán)保護的國際協(xié)定所派生，只要此類協(xié)定向TRIPS理事會做出通知，并對其他成員的國民不構(gòu)成任意的或不合理的歧視。 deriving from international agreements related to the protection of intellectual property which entered into force prior to the entry into force of the WTO Agreement, provided that such agreemen

45、ts are notified to the Council for TRIPS and do not constitute an arbitrary or unjustifiable discrimination against nationals of other Members. 第5條 關(guān)于取得或維持保護的多邊協(xié)定Article 5 Multilateral Agreements on Acquisition or Maintenance of Protection 第3條和第4條中的責任，不適用于WIPO主持下訂立的知識產(chǎn)權(quán)獲取或維護的多邊協(xié)定中規(guī)定的程序。The obligatio

46、ns under Articles3 and 4 do not apply to procedures provided in multilateral agreements concluded under the auspices of WIPO relating to the acquisition or maintenance of intellectual property rights.第6條 關(guān)于權(quán)利用盡 Article 6 Exhaustion 在根據(jù)本協(xié)定第3條規(guī)定和第4條規(guī)定解決貿(mào)易爭端時，本協(xié)定中的任何規(guī)定不得用于解決知識產(chǎn)權(quán)權(quán)利用盡的問題。For the purposes

47、 of dispute settlement under this Agreement, subject to the provisions of Articles3 and 4 nothing in this Agreement shall be used to address the issue of the exhaustion of intellectual property rights.第7條 目標 Article 7 Objectives 保護和實施知識產(chǎn)權(quán)，促進技術(shù)的革新以及技術(shù)的轉(zhuǎn)讓和傳播，以有利于社會和經(jīng)濟福祉的方式促進技術(shù)知識創(chuàng)造者和使用者的雙贏，和達到權(quán)利與義務(wù)的平衡。

48、The protection and enforcement of intellectual property rights should contribute to the promotion of technological innovation and to the transfer and dissemination of technology, to the mutual advantage of producers and users of technological knowledge and in a manner conducive to social and economi

49、c welfare, and to a balance of rights and obligations.第8 條 法則 Article 8 Principles 1. 各成員在制定或修訂其法律法規(guī)時，可采納必要的措施，以保障公眾的健康和營養(yǎng)，和提高對其社會經(jīng)濟發(fā)展和技術(shù)發(fā)展至關(guān)重要領(lǐng)域的公共利益，只要這些措施符合本協(xié)定中的規(guī)定。Members may, in formulating or amending their laws and regulations, adopt measures necessary to protect public health and nutrition,

50、and to promote the public interest in sectors of vital importance to their socio-economic and technological development, provided that such measures are consistent with the provisions of this Agreement. 2. 只要符合本協(xié)定中的規(guī)定，可采取適當?shù)拇胧?，防止知識產(chǎn)權(quán)權(quán)利持有人濫用知識產(chǎn)權(quán)和不合理地限制貿(mào)易或?qū)夹g(shù)的國際轉(zhuǎn)讓造成不利影響的行為。Appropriate measures, provid

51、ed that they are consistent with the provisions of this Agreement, may be needed to prevent the abuse of intellectual property rights by right holders or the resort to practices which unreasonably restrain trade or adversely affect the international transfer of technology. 第二部分 關(guān)于知識產(chǎn)權(quán)的效力、范圍和使用時的規(guī)范PA

52、RTII HYPERLINK /english/tratop_e/trips_e/t_agm3_e.htm Standards Concerning the Availability, Scope and Use of Intellectual Property Rights第1節(jié)：著作權(quán)和相關(guān)權(quán)利 SECTION 1: COPYRIGHT AND RELATED RIGHT第9條 與伯爾尼公約的關(guān)系 Article 9 Relation to the Berne Convention1. 各成員應(yīng)遵守伯爾尼公約（1971）第1條至第21條及附錄中的規(guī)定。不擁有或不承擔本協(xié)定規(guī)定中的涉及該公約

53、第 6 條之二所授予權(quán)利或因此所衍生權(quán)利的權(quán)利或義務(wù)。Members shall comply with Articles 1 through 21 of the Berne Convention (1971) and the Appendix thereto. However, Members shall not have rights or obligations under this Agreement in respect of the rights conferred under Article 6bis of that Convention or of the rights der

54、ived therefrom.2. 著作權(quán)的保護僅能延伸至其表達方式，不得擴展至其作品本身的思想、程序、創(chuàng)作方法或數(shù)學(xué)原理。Copyright protection shall extend to expressions and not to ideas, procedures, methods of operation or mathematical concepts as such.第10條 計算機程序和數(shù)據(jù)匯編Article 10 Computer Programs and Compilations of Data1. 計算機程序，無論其是源代碼還是目標代碼，都應(yīng)作為伯爾尼公約（1971

55、）所指的文字作品給予保護。Computer programs, whether in source or object code, shall be protected as literary works under the Berne Convention (1971).2. 數(shù)據(jù)或其他資料的編輯結(jié)果，無論機器可讀形式還是其他的形式，只要其內(nèi)容的選取或編排構(gòu)成了智力創(chuàng)作，即應(yīng)予以保護。該保護不得延伸至數(shù)據(jù)或資料的本身，并不得損害存在于數(shù)據(jù)或資料本身的版權(quán)。Compilations of data or other material, whether in machine readable o

56、r other form, which by reason of the selection or arrangement of their contents constitute intellectual creations shall be protected as such. Such protection, which shall not extend to the data or material itself, shall be without prejudice to any copyright subsisting in the data or material itself.

57、第11條 出租權(quán) Article 11 Rental Rights至少就計算機程序和電影作品而言，一成員應(yīng)給予作者及其合法繼承人準許或禁止向公眾商業(yè)性出租其有版權(quán)作品的原件或復(fù)制品的權(quán)利。一成員對電影作品可不承擔此義務(wù)，除非此種出租已導(dǎo)致對該作品的廣泛復(fù)制，從而實質(zhì)性減損該成員授予作者及其合法繼承人的專有復(fù)制權(quán)。就計算機程序而言，如該程序本身不是出租的主要標的，則此義務(wù)不適用于出租。In respect of at least computer programs and cinematographic works, a Member shall provide authors and thei

58、r successors in title the right to authorize or to prohibit the commercial rental to the public of originals or copies of their copyright works. A Member shall be excepted from this obligation in respect of cinematographic works unless such rental has led to widespread copying of such works which is

59、 materially impairing the exclusive right of reproduction conferred in that Member on authors and their successors in title. In respect of computer programs, this obligation does not apply to rentals where the program itself is not the essential object of the rental.第12 條 保護期限 Article 12 Term of Pro

60、tection除攝影作品或?qū)嵱盟囆g(shù)作品外，只要某一作品的保護期限不是基于自然人的生命進行計算的，則該期限自作品經(jīng)授權(quán)出版的日歷年年底計算即不得少于50年，或如果該作品在創(chuàng)作后50年內(nèi)未經(jīng)授權(quán)出版，則為自作品完成的日歷年年底起計算的50年。Whenever the term of protection of a work, other than a photographic work or a work of applied art, is calculated on a basis other than the life of a natural person, such term shall