合作原則視角下生活大爆炸中謝爾頓幽默話語分析 影視綜藝專業(yè)

1、An Analysis of Sheltons Humorous Discourse in The Big Bang Theory from the Perspective of Cooperative Principle合作原則視角下生活大爆炸中謝爾頓幽默話語分析摘要摘要：幽默在人們?nèi)粘５纳钪袩o處不在，在人際交往的過程中扮演者重要的角色。幽默不僅可以縮短人和人之間交流的距離、改善人際關(guān)系，還可以使交流雙方心情愉悅，有利于人與人之間關(guān)系的發(fā)展。 HYPERLINK javascript:; 近年來倍受追捧的美國情景喜劇生活大爆炸在會話幽默方面給人留下了深刻的印象。本文基于合作原則理論，采用定

2、性分析的方法，分析生活大爆炸中違背合作原則所產(chǎn)生的會話幽默。便于廣大情景喜劇愛好者方便理解國外情景喜劇中的會話幽默。關(guān)鍵詞:幽默；合作原則；生活大爆炸；違反AbstractHumor is everywhere in peoples daily life and plays an important role in the process of interpersonal communication. Humor can not only shorten the distance between people and people, improve interpersonal relation

3、ships, but also make both parties feel good and conducive to the development of human relations. The highly anticipated American sitcom Big Bang in recent years has left a deep impression on conversational humor. Based on the principle of cooperation principle, this article uses the qualitative anal

4、ysis method to analyze the humor of conversation produced in violation of the principle of cooperation in The Big Bang. It is convenient for the majority of sitcom lovers to understand the conversational humor in foreign sitcoms.Key worlds: Humor Cooperation Principle The Big Bang Theory ViolationCo

5、ntentChapter 1 introduction HYPERLINK javascript:; BackgroundofthestudyObjectivesofthestudyOutlineofthestudyChapter2 literature review2.1 Research Summary of Humorous Discourse2.1.1 Study of Humorous Discourse aboard2.1.2 Study of Humorous Discourse in China2.2 A summary of the principles of coopera

6、tion2.2.1 Studies on Cooperation Principles aboard2.2.2 Studies on Cooperation Principles in China2.3 Space for this studyChapter 3 theoretical framework3.1 The limitations of humorous discourse studies3.2 Four principles of cooperation principles3.2.1 The Maxim of Quantity3.2.2 The Maxim of Quality

7、3.2.3 The Maxim of Relation3.2.4 The Maxim of Manner3.3 MethodologyChapter 4 A Case Study of Humorous Discourse from the Four Criteria of Cooperative Principle4.1 Analysis of the Production of Humorous Discourse from the Perspective of The Maxim of Quantity4.2 Analysis of the Production of Humorous

8、Discourse from the Perspective of The Maxim of Quality4.3 Analysis of the Production of Humorous Discourse from the Perspective of The Maxim of Relation4.4 Analysis of the Production of Humorous Discourse from the Perspective of The Maxim of MannerChapter 5 Conclusion5.1 Major finding of the thesis5

9、.2 Implication of the thesis5.3 Limitation of the thesis5.4 Suggestions for further studyReferencesChapter1 IntroductionIn this chapter, we will introduce the background, significance of this study and the problems to be solved in this study. I hope to make readers better understand this research.1.

10、1 Background of the studyWith the development of economic globalization, more and more foreign film and television dramas have entered the lives of Chinese people. Foreign film and TV dramas not only enrich peoples activities but also serve as a bridge for cultural exchanges, enabling different cult

11、ures in the world to communicate. . This study is based on a series of discourse analysis of the humorous discourse effect produced in the big explosion of sitcom life abroad.Humor is an attitude, an emotion, a kind of public cognitive function, social function and cultural function. In the sitcom,

12、the humorous character dialogue provides a large and rich corpus for verbal humor research, which is of great research value.This artic HYPERLINK javascript:; leisbasedontheprincipleofcooperationfromthepointofviewofGricespragmatics to analyze how humorous discourse effects are produced by violating

13、the principle of cooperation. We use qualitative analysis methods to analyze dozens of corpus of humorous discourse in violation of cooperative principles in the sitcom life big bang. Experts and scholars at home and abroad have been actively exploring principled theories and standards, hoping to fi

14、nd a better theoretical basis for principled theories, but it is only a matter of using corpus analysis in the text. For different countries, different cultures should adopt different analysis principles, and some texts will be brought into different cultures. Therefore, compared to the text analysi

15、s under the principle of perspective, different approaches should be taken. Sometimes it is against the principle that it will be able to Show humorous effect? This will be the innovation of our research.Compared with the application of humorous discourses in foreign sitcoms, the effect of humorous

16、discourses in Chinese sitcoms does not completely represent the violation of cooperative principles. Chinas discourse humorous expression has a certain degree of tradition and culture, and has its own unique place. We hope that through this study, we can inject new vitality into the development of C

17、hinese sitcoms. We can merge masters of the public to create better works so that more foreign friends can learn about our culture and achieve the purpose of promoting cultural exchanges.1.2 Objectives of the studyBased on the four principles of the cooperative principle, this paper selects the humo

18、rous materials in the 1st to 10th seasons of The Big Bang Theory to analyze it, aiming to analyze the effect of humorous discourse from the perspective of cooperative principles. This article attempts to provide readers with a new perspective to understand the humorous discourse in the play because

19、humorous discourse is produced not only from the perspective of violating the principle of cooperation, but also with the time, environment and characters of the characters in the play related. This article selects the humorous discourse analysis of the protagonist Shelton, and analyzes the reasons

20、for humorous discourse based on the principle of cooperation.Hopefully, it will provide answers to the following questions:In The Big Bang Theory, how does humorous discourse go against the principle of cooperation?Are the guidelines for cooperation completely reasonable?1.3 Outline of the studyThis

21、 thesis consists of five chapters. The first chapter introduces the background, goals and outline. Chapter 2 introduces the reader to existing research that has a relationship with this study, and discusses the limitations of predecessors research and places that have not been studied. And discuss w

22、hat else can be further studied. The third chapter introduces the research design and research methods of this study, including the four criteria and qualitative analysis of the cooperation principle. Chapter 4 is a discussion of the results of the study. The humorous discourse is a violation of the

23、 principle of cooperation. Chapter 5 summarizes the findings of this article, the limitations of this article and the issues that need further study.Chapter 2 Literature ReviewThis section will review previous research on humorous discourse and related research on domestic and foreign cooperation pr

24、inciples.2.1 Research Summary of Humorous DiscourseResearch on humorous discourse is a relatively small area of research because humorous discourse studies are based on linguistic perspectives. Although ancient Chinese comedies originated earlier, most of them are comedy satirical to the vulgarity o

25、f contemporary society. The real sitcoms to express the humorous form of life are still earlier than western sitcoms, and the combined linguistic theories are also more mature. The theoretical results obtained are more abundant and worthy of learning and learning from Chinese scholars. In recent yea

26、rs, Chinese scholars engaged in linguistic studies have also put forward many constructive opinions.2.1.1 Study of Humorous Discourse aboardAlexander argues that humorous intent signalled, but not realized is a common constellation in live humour, e.g. stand-up comedy or live TV shows, including pan

27、el comedy shows. My example is taken from a German late-night show called TV Total, which has been on TV since 1999. The host, Stefan Raab, is known for doing risky stunts, such as flying hang-gliders or falling off a camel, but also for embarrassing his TV colleagues for having sweat-stains on thei

28、r shirts, etc. All this puts him in a vulnerable position, and he is therefore under particular pressure to deliver humour. On one occasion, he talks to a studio guest, who makes poor jokes. While this is going on, the host smiles broadly, and at one point laughs heartily at a feeble remark. There a

29、re two possible interpretations for this: (1) the host tries to support the guest by indicating the alleged fulfilment of humorous intent, or (2) by reacting slightly excessively, the host hints at a meta-level, where he laughs not with the guest but at him. In the latter case, humorous intent could

30、 be realized, but only on the level of meta-humour, which arises from the absence of humour. In either case, the host orients towards humorous intent in the absence of anything really funny. This may be successful, but it constitutes a border maybe not of humorous intent, but of humour.Pinna(2018) a

31、nalysis the importance of humor in therapy, he pointed out the definition of humor and the importance of humor. Humor can make people feel physically and mentally happy, and can have a good effect on healing when they are relaxed. He combines problems that arise in therapy and practices success in h

32、umorous conditions.Lee (2018) Humor can be used as a kind of wisdom in life. In peoples lives, they often feel anxious because of work. Humor can make people eliminate anxiety at work and relax. He combined specific examples, interviewed different groups of people, and came to the conclusion that hu

33、mor is a kind of wisdom, an attitude of life, expressing humor, and understanding humor can make people feel happy.2.1.2 Study of Humorous Discourse in ChinaZhang (2016) argues that there are categories of verbal humor, including violations of quantity guidelines, violations of qualitative guideline

34、s, violations of relationship norms, violations of mode guidelines, violations of strategies and tolerance guidelines, violations of praise and modesty guidelines, violations of approval and sympathy guidelines, and violations of presuppositions. In a normal conversation, speakers generally choose t

35、o politely express their opinions using other methods such as euphemism. When a speaker engages in dialogue without politeness and violates politeness principles, there will be a certain humorous effect. Chen (2016) discuss the four principles of the principle of cooperation were compared and analyz

36、ed, and it is believed that there is indeed a certain relationship between the principles of humor and cooperation. He proposed that language is a fluid art after all. We cannot put him into a framework for analysis. When we describe English humor, we also need constant improvement and development t

37、o adapt to language changes.Li (2016) analyzes the application of speech humor and pragmatic contraction in relevance theory. It is proposed that both pragmatic contraction and pragmatic expansion are the process by which a communicant determines the contextual meaning of a word or concept, and it i

38、s an inevitable result of contextualization in the use of language. The communicators need to be pragmatically enriched according to their context and their own knowledge. In the process of communication, the communicators determination of the meaning of words and expressions is also influenced by t

39、heir own factors. Because of this strong contrast, it brings impact to the communicative parties minds. The expectation of one partys association with the discourse falls short. Both sides smiled and the humorous effect was produced.Xia (2016) It is from the joint action of emotion and cognition to

40、analyze the effect of humor. He analyzed the data of positive non-humorous pictures and humorous pictures and found that the generation of humorous effects greatly helped people reduce their negative emotions. Humorous emotions and cognitive components work together to reduce negative emotions. Li (

41、2018) analyzes how humorous effects are produced in part through cognitive linguistics. She put forward the humorous effect in the interaction process. The humorous speech constructor should use the background knowledge, common sense of life and construction semantics to integrate the concepts first

42、ly within himself, and then the humorous effects are generated. And concluded that humor involves a variety of factors and concepts, the production of humor is not a simple superposition of concepts, but the result of the interaction of multiple factors and concepts.Ouyang (2017) analyzes how the hu

43、mor is produced under the presupposition theory. He analyzes the cancellation and use of the preset consensus to generate humor, cancels the preset synthesis to generate humor, and uses preset revocability to generate humor. His research shows that humor can be reasonably produced under the relation

44、ship of presupposition theory, and can use the humorous discourse produced to have an unexpected effect on life.Liu (2016) analyzes domestic humor discourse and puts forward the research significance of humorous discourse and the prospect of humorous discourse. He believes that from the generation m

45、echanism to the receivers translation of humorous discourse to humorous discourse, the relevance theory is continuously applied to the analysis of humorous discourse and the related theoretical research is further deepened for different countries. Different cultural exchanges and humorous effects ca

46、n make users use their languages better.2.2 A summary of the principles of cooperationThe cooperative principle was put forward by the HYPERLINK javascript:; famousEnglishphilosopherGriceinaspeechatHarvardUniversityin1967.Gricebelievesthatintheprocessofpeoples communication, the two sides of the dia

47、logue seem to follow a certain principle either intentionally or unintentionally, HYPERLINK javascript:; inordertoeffectivelycooperatetocompletethecommunicationtask. Therefore, H.P.Grice proposed the cooperative principle in the conversation.2.2.1 Studies on Cooperation Principles aboardGrice（1965）w

48、ho introduced it, HYPERLINK javascript:; Makeyourcontributionsuchasitisrequired,atthestageatwhichitoccurs,bytheacceptedpurposeordirectionofthetalkexchangeinwhichyouareengaged.Thoughphrased as a prescriptive command, the principle is intended as a description of how people normally behave in conversa

49、tion. Jeffries and McIntyre describe Grices maxims as encapsulating the assumptions that we prototypically hold when we engage in conversation.The cooperative principle can be divided into four maxims, called the Gricean maxims, describing specific rational principles observed by people who obey the

50、 cooperative principle; these principles enable effective communication. Grice proposed four conversational maxims that arise from the pragmatics of natural language. Applying the Gricean maxims is a way to explain the link between utterances and what is understood from them.Michal (2007) analysis t

51、he meaning of the motto is based on the theory of cooperative principles. He believes that in the oral communication, based on the exchange of standard terms, the discourse is too simple to be a quantitative example, but for the motto, the speaker can solve the problem in a lengthy manner. And the u

52、se of specific examples to analyze the specific issues expressed in the motto under the principle of cooperation, laid the foundation for future scholars to study.2.2.2 Studies on Cooperation Principles in ChinaWang (2016) said that he principle of cooperation and its criteria were analyzed. She rai

53、sed the HYPERLINK javascript:; irrationalityofthevariousprinciplesintheprincipleofcooperation.Relevancetheory has developed a conversational theory of cooperation principles in certain aspects, but the principle of cooperation has not been corrected. At the same time, she summarized some of the unce

54、rtainties in the theory of cooperative principles. Wang (2016) analyzes the example of the four principles of the cooperation principle, uses the characteristics of analyzing verses and daily conversations, and combines four criteria to arrive at theoretical research supporting the principle of coop

55、eration.Song (2016) said that it is through a comparative study of the interpretation of humorous discourse in the context of language cooperation principles. He believes that the mechanism of cooperation principle contributes greatly to the study of humorous discourse. Under different linguistic ci

56、rcumstances, the cooperative principle mechanism produces utterance humor effects according to different conversations. Provides better learning space for follow-up learners. Liang (2006) argues that the problems of deviation and misunderstanding in the principle of cooperation are analyzed, and the

57、 scope of application of the principle of cooperation is proposed. The scope of application of the principle of cooperation is based on the context of the conversation and can be a feature of language conventions. But he thinks there is little or it is not appropriate to discuss the cooperation prin

58、ciple in the pragmatic area of conversational meaning.Li (2018) analysis the misunderstanding of the principle of cooperation is analyzed. Under different speech environments, there will be situations where the principle of cooperation cannot be observed. He illustrated the defects of the theory of

59、cooperation principles by way of example. First, the definition of the principle of cooperation is not clear, and the second is that the boundaries of each criterion are unknown. Through his research, he has made very valuable use of the theory of cooperation principles.2.3 Space for this studyRegar

60、ding the research question of humor that goes against the principle of cooperation, the previous scholars used qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis, and then came to the conclusion that humorous discourse is contrary to the principle of cooperation. However, with the advancement of scienti