人教版九年級(jí)英語(yǔ)下冊(cè)第13單元課件

1、Unit13 Unit13 Unit13 Were trying to save the earth!Section A 1a -2d（第1課時(shí)） Unit13 Were trying to saveSe1. We should put up notice to stop from _ （亂扔）.2. The teacher asked us to find a way to pick up the coins at the _（底部）of the bottle.3. There are no more fish for _ （漁夫）to catch in the river.4. We sh

2、ould take the paper bags to go shopping instead of the _（塑料）ones.5. Could you please tell us another _（優(yōu)點(diǎn)） of riding bike to work?【檢查預(yù)習(xí)】litterbottomfishermanplasticadvantage1. We should put up notice to noise pollutionair pollutionwater pollution1a. Write the words related to different kinds of poll

3、ution in the box below.(Pairwork or groupwork)loud music cars rubbish planeslittering ships factories smokingbuilding houses mobile phones_loud musiccars rubbishplaneslitteringshipsfactoriessmokingbuilding housesmobile phonesnoise pollutionair pollutionwa1b. Listen and complete the sentences What wa

4、s the problem? The river was _.Even the bottom of the river was full of _. There were no more _ for fishermen to catch.What caused the problem?People are throwing _into the river.Factories are putting _ into the river.How should the problem be solved?We should write to the _ and ask them to _ the fa

5、ctories. Everyone should helpto _ the river.really dirtyrubbishfishlitterwastegovernmentclose downclean up1b. Listen and complete the se人教版九年級(jí)英語(yǔ)下冊(cè)第13單元課件PPT 1. The air is badly polluted because there are _ on the road these days. 2. Factories that burn coal also _ the air with a lot of black smoke.

6、3. There is also too much rubbish and waste. People _ things every day. 4. People are also litter in _ like parks. This is turning beautiful places into ugly places.2a Listen to the interview. the kinds of pollution that Jason and Susan talk about.A. waste pollution B. air pollution C. noise polluti

7、on D. water pollutionCircle2b. Listen again and complete the sentences.litteringmore carspolluteare throwing away2a Listen to the interview. 人教版九年級(jí)英語(yǔ)下冊(cè)第13單元課件PPT Read the conversation quickly, find out the answer to the question.What kinds of pollutionare mentioned in this conversation?2d. Air pollu

8、tion and waste pollution. 2.Read the conversation again and complete the blanks. Pollution Ways to solve the problem Air pollution Waste pollution Take the bus or subway instead of driving;ride a bike.bring a bag to go shopping; only use wooden chopsticks or plastic forks at home;Throw rubbish in th

9、e bins What kinds of pollutionare 人教版九年級(jí)英語(yǔ)下冊(cè)第13單元課件PPTThis is turning beautiful places into ugly ones. turn into 把變成e.g. The icy rain seemed like to turn into snow. 漸漸地凍雨又變成雪花的模樣。 Language pointsThis is turning beautiful plac2. Its good for health and it doesnt cost anything! cost v. 花費(fèi)；使付出 指花費(fèi)金錢(qián)，主語(yǔ)

10、通常是物。cost的過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞均為cost。 e.g. The new shirt cost Mr Wang 200 yuan. 王先生花了200元買(mǎi)了新襯衫。 How much does the new computer cost? 新電腦花了多少錢(qián)？2. Its good for health and ittake, spend, pay & costtake，spend，pay和cost都可以表示“花費(fèi)”，但它們的用法各有不同。1) take多表示花費(fèi)時(shí)間，常用于It takes sb. some time to do sth.這一句型中，其中it作形式主語(yǔ)。 e.g. It us

11、ually takes me 40 minutes to cook the dinner.take, spend, pay & cost2) spend多表示花費(fèi)時(shí)間和金錢(qián)，主語(yǔ)通常是人，常用于sb. spend(s) some time / money on sth.和sb. spend(s) some time / money (in) doing sth.兩種句型。 e.g. David spent 2,000 yuan on the new machine. My father spends an hour (in) watching the news on TV every day.

12、2) spend多表示花費(fèi)時(shí)間和金錢(qián)，主語(yǔ)通常是人，常用于s3) pay多表示花費(fèi)金錢(qián)，主語(yǔ)通常是人，常用于sb. pay(s) some money for sth.句型。 e.g. Tommy paid 20 yuan for his breakfast yesterday.4) cost多表示花費(fèi)金錢(qián)，主語(yǔ)通常是物，常用于sth. cost(s) (sb.) some money.句型。 e.g. The new dress cost Linda 88 yuan.3) pay多表示花費(fèi)金錢(qián)，主語(yǔ)通常是人，常用于sb. pa根據(jù)句意用take, spend, pay或cost的適當(dāng)形式填空

13、。1. That new car _them lots of money.2. Mona _ 50 yuan on the books just now.3. It usually _ me an hour to do my homework.cost?spent?takes根據(jù)句意用take, spend, pay或cost的適當(dāng)c4. You should _? some time practising your pronunciation.5. My brother _?6, 000 yuan for the new computer yesterday.spendpaid4. You

14、should _? some3. So together, our actions can make a difference and lead to a better future! make a difference (to) 表示(對(duì))產(chǎn)生影響或作用 e.g. Do you think his words would make any difference to the final decision? 你認(rèn)為他的話(huà)會(huì)對(duì)最后的決定產(chǎn)生影 響嗎？ 3. So together, our actions caThe new teacher always encourages little To

15、m. This has made a big difference to him.新來(lái)的老師總是鼓勵(lì)小湯姆，這對(duì)他影響很大。The new teacher always encoura用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. Were trying _ (save) the earth.2. There used to _ (be) clean and beautiful.3. There are too many _ for _ to catch (fish).4. Its bad for environment to use _ (wood) chopsticks.to savebefishwooden

16、fishermen用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。to savebefishwooden用方框中所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. Dont throw _(垃圾) everywhere.2. In winter, many people burn _(煤) to keep warm.3. The police found a body at the _(底部) of the lake.4. The _(花費(fèi)) of living in big cities is very high.5. He keeps a rabbit in a big _(木制的) box.cost wooden, coal , bot

17、tom, littercost woodencoalbottomlitter用方框中所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。cost wooden, 根據(jù)句意用take, spend, pay或cost的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. That new car _them lots of money.2. Mona _ 50 yuan on the books just now.3. It usually _ me an hour to do my homework.costspenttakes根據(jù)句意用take, spend, pay或cost的適當(dāng)c4. You should _ some time practisin

18、g your pronunciation.5. My brother _6, 000 yuan for the new computer yesterday.spendpaid4. You should _ some3. So together, our actions can make a difference and lead to a better future! make a difference (to) 表示(對(duì))產(chǎn)生影響或作用 e.g. Do you think his words would make any difference to the final decision?

19、你認(rèn)為他的話(huà)會(huì)對(duì)最后的決定產(chǎn)生影 響嗎？ 3. So together, our actions caThe new teacher always encourages little Tom. This has made a big difference to him.新來(lái)的老師總是鼓勵(lì)小湯姆，這對(duì)他影響很大。The new teacher always encouraPoints on P97try to do =try ones best to do 努力去做某事be related to 與有關(guān)mobile phones 手機(jī)rubbish, litter ,waste 垃圾,廢物the

20、 bottom of the river 河底be full of 充滿(mǎn)fisherman-fishermen 漁民government 政府throw litter into the river 把垃圾扔到河里ask sb. to do 要求某人干某事close down the factories 關(guān)閉工廠(chǎng)clean up 打掃used to be過(guò)去是play a part in參與，在中扮演角色 Points on P97Memory努力去做某事與有關(guān)手機(jī)垃圾,廢物河底充滿(mǎn)漁民政府把垃圾扔到河里要求某人干某事關(guān)閉工廠(chǎng)打掃過(guò)去是在中起作用，在中扮演角色 MemoryPoints on P

21、98be badly polluted 受到嚴(yán)重污染public places 公共場(chǎng)所turninto 把變成cut down 減少take the bus or subway instead of driving 乘坐公交或地鐵代替開(kāi)車(chē)ride a bike 騎自行車(chē)advantages of bike riding 騎自行車(chē)的好處 Points on P98Points on P58be good for our health 對(duì)我們的健康有好處cost，spend，take, pay 花費(fèi)wood-woodentakeaway food 外賣(mài)食物throw rubbish in the

22、 bins 把垃圾扔進(jìn)垃圾箱keep public places clean and beautiful 保持公共場(chǎng)所干凈漂亮make a difference (to) (對(duì))產(chǎn)生影響或作用lead to 導(dǎo)致，通向 Points on P58被污染燒煤太多扔掉把變成附近能夠解決問(wèn)題減少空氣污染乘公共汽車(chē)或地鐵代替、而不是be pollutedburn coaltoo muchthrow awayo.around herebe able tosolve a/the problemcut down air pollutiontake the bus or subwayinstead of被污染

23、be polluted騎自行車(chē)騎自行車(chē)有別的好處。對(duì)有益垃圾污染去購(gòu)物開(kāi)始做某事記得要把垃圾扔進(jìn)垃圾桶保持公共場(chǎng)所的整潔和美麗對(duì)有影響、有作用通向美好未來(lái)ride the bikeThere are other advantages of bike riding.be good forwaste pollutiongo shoppingstart doingremember to throw rubbish in the binskeep public places clean and beatifulmake a difference to sb.lead to a better futur

24、e騎自行車(chē)ride the bike用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. Were trying _ (save) the earth.2. There used to _ (be) clean and beautiful.3. There are too many _ for _ to catch (fish).4. Its bad for environment to use _ (wood) chopsticks.to savebefishwoodenfishermen用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。to savebefishwooden用方框中所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. Dont throw _(垃圾)

25、everywhere.2. In winter, many people burn _(煤) to keep warm.3. The police found a body at the _(底部) of the lake.4. The _(花費(fèi)) of living in big cities is very high.5. He keeps a rabbit in a big _(木制的) box.cost wooden, coal , bottom, littercost woodencoalbottomlitter用方框中所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。cost wooden, 1.We are

26、 trying to save the earth.我們正在努力拯救地球。 【解析】try doing sth 嘗試做某事（不一定付出很大努力） try to do sth 盡力做某事（強(qiáng)調(diào)付出一定的努力設(shè) 法完成） 想一想? 盡某人最大的努力做某事 try_ 2. But it used to be so clean. 但它過(guò)去是如此干凈。 【解析】used to 的意思是 _, 其中to是不定式符號(hào)，不是 介詞，所以其后要接_。 be used to 的意思是_，其中to是介詞，其后要接 _ 【合作探究】ones best to do sth.習(xí)慣干某事過(guò)去常常做某事動(dòng)詞原形doing2.

27、 He _ go out with his parents, but now he _ staying at home alone. A. used to; is used to B. is used to; used to C. use to; is used to D. is used to; is used to 1.We are trying to save the How much is the ticket to Central Park? A one-way ticket _ $40, and you can _ another $20 for a round-trip. A.

28、costs, pay B. cost, spend C. pay, spend D. spends, pay【合作探究】3. Its good for health and it doesnt cost anything! 它對(duì)身體有好處并且不會(huì)花費(fèi)任何東西。 cost vt.1. 花費(fèi)；價(jià)格為； 【拓展】take/ spend /cost /pay的用法都可以表示“花費(fèi)”，但用法卻不盡相同。spend的主語(yǔ)必須是_， 常用于 _ cost的主語(yǔ)是物或某種活動(dòng)， 還可以表示“值”，用于 _ （注意：cost的過(guò)去式及過(guò)去分詞都是cost,并且不能用于被動(dòng)句。） take后面常跟雙賓語(yǔ)， 常見(jiàn)于

29、_ pay的基本用法是：_人Sb. spend time/money on sth.Sb. spend time/money doing sth.cost sb. money. It takes sb. sometime to do sth.pay money for sth. How much is the ticket4.To cut down air pollution, we should take the bus or subway instead of driving. 為了減少空氣污染，我們應(yīng)當(dāng)乘坐公汽或地鐵而不是開(kāi)車(chē)。 本句中To cut down air pollution是

30、動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)。cut down 意為_(kāi)減少 We must do something useful to _ pollution. A. cut off B. cut up C . cut down D. cut in 4.To cut down air pollution, wI. 單項(xiàng)選擇。1. Eating too much sugar can _ healthy problems. A. get to B. lead to C. point to D. able to2. What are the _ of bike riding? Its good for our healt

31、h. A. advantages B. reasons C. results D. ideasII. 用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。 1. There are many kinds of_（pollute）in our daily life. 2. All of the students should take part in_ (keep) our school clean and tidy. 3. Can you tell us your ideas for _ (improve) your spoken English. 4. We should stop using the_ (wood)

32、chopsticks to protect the forest. 5. Their grandparents were _ (fisherman) near the sea before they moved to the town.當(dāng)堂檢測(cè)B.A.pollutionkeepingimprovingwoodenfishermanersI. 單項(xiàng)選擇。當(dāng)堂檢測(cè)B.A.pollutionkeepiIII. 根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思完成下列句子。 1. 咱們玩紙牌吧，別看電視了。 Lets play cards _ _ watching TV. 2. 我們的行動(dòng)會(huì)起作用，并且通向更好的未來(lái)。 Our acti

33、ons can _ a difference and lead to a _ future. 3. 這個(gè)木箱時(shí)裝滿(mǎn)了書(shū)。 The _box_ _ _books. is full ofinstead ofmakebetterwoodenIII. 根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思完成下列句子。is Homework We have only one earth,find out as many ways to solve pollution problems as possible. _.Homework We have only one Bye ByeBye ByeUnit 13Were trying to sav

34、e the earth!Section APeriod ThreeUnit 13Were trying to save thtake part inaffordturn offreusablepay fortake actiontransportation參加v. 買(mǎi)的起；承擔(dān)的起（后果）關(guān)掉adj. 可重復(fù)使用的付費(fèi)；付出代價(jià)采取行動(dòng)n. 運(yùn)輸業(yè)；交通運(yùn)輸Words Reviewtake part in參加Words Review用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。Listen! The phone _(ring). Please go to answer it. Alan, its late.

35、 Why not go to bed? Jenny hasnt come back yet. I _(wait) for her. 3. Whats your father doing now? He _ (write) a letter in the study.is ringingam waitingis writing用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。is ringingam w 肯定句: 主語(yǔ) + am/is/are + -ing 否定句: 主語(yǔ) + am/is/are + not + -ing 疑問(wèn)句: Am/Is/Are + 主語(yǔ) + -ing 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在或現(xiàn)階段正

36、在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作?，F(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)-基本結(jié)構(gòu) 肯定句: 主語(yǔ) + am/is/are + -ing 現(xiàn)表示說(shuō)話(huà)時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的，目前正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。常帶有表示目前時(shí)刻的時(shí)間副詞, 如：now, at the (very) moment, for the time being, at present, 及Look! Listen! . Look! The big bird is flying away. 看，那只大鳥(niǎo)正在飛走。 He is watching a movie now. 他現(xiàn)在正在看電影。 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)-用法表示說(shuō)話(huà)時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的，目前正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。常帶有表示目前時(shí)刻2) 表示目前一段時(shí)間內(nèi)正

37、在進(jìn)行，但 說(shuō)話(huà)時(shí)可能沒(méi)有進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。 Right now I am studying Chinese by distance learning. 我現(xiàn)在正通過(guò)遠(yuǎn)程教育學(xué)習(xí)漢語(yǔ)?，F(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)-用法2) 表示目前一段時(shí)間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行，但Right now I 3) 與always, constantly, forever, all the time等副詞連用，表示動(dòng)作反復(fù)或習(xí) 慣。此時(shí)句子常含有說(shuō)話(huà)者的強(qiáng)烈 情感在內(nèi)。表達(dá)較強(qiáng)的“責(zé)備”或“表 揚(yáng)”之意。 You are always changing your mind. 你總是主意不定。(太煩人了。) He is always helping o

38、thers. 他總是幫助別人。(他真是個(gè)好人。) 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)-用法3) 與always, constantly, foreve4) 對(duì)于come, go, leave, arrive, start等 表示位置移動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞?？捎眠M(jìn)行時(shí) 態(tài)表將來(lái)。 He is leaving on Wednesday. 他將于周三離開(kāi)。 Mary isnt here at the moment. She is coming later. 瑪麗現(xiàn)在不在這兒，她一會(huì)兒來(lái)?，F(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)-用法4) 對(duì)于come, go, leave, arrive, I called you at 4:00 yesterday aftern

39、oon, but no one answered. Sorry, I _ with my friends at that time. (2011河南) A. swim B. swam C. will swim D. was swimming考點(diǎn)例析 I called you at 4:00 yesterd【考點(diǎn)點(diǎn)撥】 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻或某階 段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，其謂語(yǔ)由“was / were + 現(xiàn)在分詞”構(gòu)成。 常與過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)連用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有： then, at that time, this time yesterday, at ten yesterday等?！究键c(diǎn)點(diǎn)撥】用括號(hào)內(nèi)所

40、給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. Id like to introduce my best friend to you, Peter. Thank you, Lucy. But we _ (meet) already.2. Look at these stamps. I _ (keep) them for five years. Wow, they are wonderful.have methave kept用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。have methave k肯定句：主語(yǔ) + have / has + 過(guò)去分詞 + 其他否定句：主語(yǔ) + havent / hasnt + 過(guò)去分 詞 + 其

41、他一般 Have / Has + 主語(yǔ) + 過(guò)去分詞 + 疑問(wèn)句：？肯定答語(yǔ)：Yes, 主格代詞 + have / has.否定答語(yǔ)：No, 主格代詞 + havent / hasnt.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)-構(gòu)成肯定句：主語(yǔ) + have / has + 過(guò)去分詞 + 現(xiàn)1. 表示動(dòng)作到現(xiàn)在為止已經(jīng)完成或剛剛完成。2. 動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去，強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn)在的結(jié)果、 影響等。3. 表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去，并且一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，甚至還可能繼續(xù)下去，句中使用持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，且常有表示一段時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。4. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)可以用在條件或時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中，表示將來(lái)某個(gè)時(shí)刻之前已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)-用法1. 表示動(dòng)作到現(xiàn)在為止已經(jīng)完

42、成或剛剛完成。現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)-用1) 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) + since + 點(diǎn)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)(名詞、短語(yǔ)、從句，其中從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí))2) 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) + for + 段時(shí)間狀語(yǔ) 3) It / This is the first / 其他序數(shù)詞 / last time + that 從句中，從句使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。1) Mary has been ill since three days ago. 2) Mary has been ill for three days. 3) It is the first time that I have visited the city.This is the best f

43、ilm that Ive (ever) seen. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)-句型1) Mary has been ill since thr六種時(shí)態(tài)一覽表時(shí)態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)用法表示經(jīng)常性發(fā)生的動(dòng)作、習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作或客觀(guān)真理、科學(xué)事實(shí)等。表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。表示現(xiàn)在或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。表示過(guò)去某時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。表示將來(lái)某個(gè)時(shí)間要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。表示過(guò)去發(fā)生或者未發(fā)生的事對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。 構(gòu)成方式1. 動(dòng)詞be(am/is/are) + 表語(yǔ)2. 動(dòng)詞原形 + (主語(yǔ)是第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)，動(dòng)詞也用第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù))1.

44、 動(dòng)詞was/were + 表語(yǔ)2. 實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式 + be(am/is/are) + 動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞was / were + 動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞1. will/shall + 動(dòng)詞原形(shall 用于第一人稱(chēng))2. be going to + 動(dòng)詞原形主語(yǔ) + have / has + 過(guò)去分詞 + 句型變化疑問(wèn)式1. Be + 主語(yǔ) + ?2. Do/Does + 主語(yǔ) +動(dòng)詞原形+ ?1. Was/Were + 主語(yǔ) + ?2. Did + 主語(yǔ) + 動(dòng)詞原形 + ?Be + 主語(yǔ) + 動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞 + ?Was / Were + 主語(yǔ) + 動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞 + ？1. Will/Sh

45、all + 主語(yǔ) + 動(dòng)詞原形+ ?2. Be + 主語(yǔ)+ going to + 動(dòng)詞原形 + ?Have / Has + 主語(yǔ) + 過(guò)去分詞 + ？否定式1. 主語(yǔ) + be + not + 2. 主語(yǔ)+dont/doesnt + 動(dòng)詞原形 + 1. 主語(yǔ) + was/were + not +2. 主語(yǔ) + didnt + 動(dòng)詞原形 + 主語(yǔ) + be + not + 動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞 + 主語(yǔ) + wasnt (was not) / werent (were not) + 動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞 + 1. 主語(yǔ) + will/shall not + 動(dòng)詞原形 + 2. 主語(yǔ) + be + not +

46、 going to + 動(dòng)詞原形 + 主語(yǔ) + havent / hasnt + 過(guò)去分詞 + 六種時(shí)態(tài)一覽表時(shí)態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)一用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. The Secondary School Entrance Exams _ (hold) in June.2. A strange noise _ (hear) by his mother last night.3. A wide road _ (build) between the two villages by those people next year. is heldwas heardwill

47、 be built用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. The Seconda被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作的承受者，被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)由“be + 過(guò)去分詞”構(gòu)成。be隨著主語(yǔ)人稱(chēng)和數(shù)以及時(shí)態(tài)的不同而變化。含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)由“can / must / may / should + be + 過(guò)去分詞”構(gòu)成。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作的承受被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)The first section of New College English is designed for speaking practiceand is based on pictures and topics.These computers

48、 were made in our own country last year.Shall we be asked to attend the opening ceremony?一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：am/is/are + 過(guò)去分詞 一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：was/were+過(guò)去分詞 一般將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：will/shall+be+過(guò)去分詞 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：am/is/are + 過(guò)去分詞 1. 有些動(dòng)詞可以有兩個(gè)賓語(yǔ)，在用于被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，可以把主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中的一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)橹髡Z(yǔ)，另一賓語(yǔ)仍然保留在謂語(yǔ)后面。通常變?yōu)橹髡Z(yǔ)的是間接賓語(yǔ)(指人的賓語(yǔ)）。一些特殊的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)They didnt offe

49、r Ann the job. Ann wasnt offered the job. 1. 有些動(dòng)詞可以有兩個(gè)賓語(yǔ)，在用于被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，可以把主動(dòng)結(jié)2. 在使役動(dòng)詞have, make, get以及感官動(dòng)詞see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe等后面不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)時(shí)，在主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中不定式to要省略，但變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，要加 to。They make her clean the floor. She is made to clean the floor by them.2. 在使役動(dòng)詞have, make, get以及感官動(dòng)詞s3. It + be + 過(guò)去分詞

50、 + that從句 (=主語(yǔ)+ be + 過(guò)去分詞 + to do sth.)表示：據(jù)說(shuō)/據(jù)報(bào)道/據(jù)悉/據(jù)信等據(jù)說(shuō)這個(gè)男孩已經(jīng)通過(guò)了這次全國(guó)性的測(cè)試。It is said that the boy has passed thenational exam. The boy is said to have passed thenational exam.3. It + be + 過(guò)去分詞 + that從句 (=主1. 某些感官動(dòng)詞加形容詞及少數(shù)其他的動(dòng)詞本身可以表示被動(dòng)意義。smell, taste, prove, sell, etc.1) The dish tastes delicious. 2

51、) The theory proved right at last.3) The book is so interesting that it sells well. 不可以變成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的情況1. 某些感官動(dòng)詞加形容詞及少數(shù)其他的動(dòng)詞本身可以表示被動(dòng)意need + V- ing 表示“主語(yǔ)承受動(dòng)詞發(fā)出的動(dòng)作”，表示被動(dòng)意義。我的車(chē)需要修理。My car needs repairing. (= to be repaired). 戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)爆發(fā)了。The war broke out.但不能說(shuō)：The war was broke out.3. 通常只有及物動(dòng)詞（組）才有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，不及物動(dòng)詞沒(méi)有。need

52、+ V- ing 表示“主語(yǔ)承受動(dòng)詞發(fā)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)爆發(fā) “be + 過(guò)去分詞”這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)并不都是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，也可能是系表結(jié)構(gòu)。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)與系表結(jié)構(gòu)主要區(qū)別是：被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)表示一個(gè)動(dòng)作，而系表結(jié)構(gòu)表示主語(yǔ)的特點(diǎn)或所處的狀態(tài)，試比較下面的句子：被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)與系表結(jié)構(gòu)的區(qū)別 “be + 過(guò)去分詞”這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)并不都是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，也可能是系The enemy was soon surrounded by us.The house is surrounded by trees.She was bitten by the dog in the darkness. I was excited by the news that my h

53、usbandgot promoted.被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)系表結(jié)構(gòu)被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu) 系表結(jié)構(gòu)The enemy was soon surrounded 時(shí)態(tài)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)do / doesam / is / are + done一般過(guò)去時(shí)didwas / were + done一般將來(lái)時(shí)will / be going to + dowill / be going to + be + done一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般過(guò)去時(shí)和一般將來(lái)時(shí)的主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)和被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu) (以動(dòng)詞do為例)：時(shí)態(tài)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)do / doesam / iWe can do it by ourselves.It must be To

54、ms. Look at his name on the cover. 3.Im sorry. Children mustnt swim here. 4.May see you ID card, sir?5.Will you pass me the book?指出下列劃線(xiàn)動(dòng)詞的種類(lèi)。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 We can do it by ourselves.指出下列情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞具有一定的意義，但不能單獨(dú)作謂語(yǔ)，其后需接動(dòng)詞原形一起構(gòu)成句子的謂語(yǔ)。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞(除have to以外)沒(méi)有人稱(chēng)和數(shù)的變化。另外，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞可用來(lái)構(gòu)成否定句、疑問(wèn)句并進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)略回答。初中常見(jiàn)的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞有：ca

55、n, may, must, need, have to, could, should, ought to 等。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞具有一定的意義，但不能單獨(dú)作謂語(yǔ)，其后需接動(dòng)考點(diǎn)一：考查表示“能力”的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 1. _ your Australian friend eat with chopsticks? Yes, but she cant use them well. A. Should B. Need C. Can D. Must2. The work is too hard for us. We _ finish it on time. A. cant B. mustnt C. should

56、nt D. neednt 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)一：考查表示“能力”的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 1. _3. Could your father play golf when he was young? No, he _. But he _ play table tennis. A. couldnt; could B. neednt; might C. mustnt; should D. shouldnt; need 【考點(diǎn)點(diǎn)撥】 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can表示“能力”時(shí)，與be able to同義，其否定形式為cant。can表示現(xiàn)在的能力，其過(guò)去式could表示過(guò)去的能力。3. Could your father play

57、 go考點(diǎn)二：考查表示“應(yīng)該”的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 1. _ weto finish our homework before noon? Yes, you _. A. Need; can B. Have; do C. Ought; ought to D. Should; must2. You _ study hard if you want to be a scientist in the future. A. may B. should C. would D. could 考點(diǎn)二：考查表示“應(yīng)該”的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 1. _【考點(diǎn)點(diǎn)撥】 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞should和ought to都可表示“應(yīng)該”，但should側(cè)

58、重說(shuō)話(huà)者主觀(guān)的看法，而ought to更側(cè)重客觀(guān)情況。 should的否定形式為shouldnt，ought to的否定形式為oughtnt to或ought not to。【考點(diǎn)點(diǎn)撥】考點(diǎn)三：考查表示“請(qǐng)求；許可”的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞及其回答 1. _ I borrow your maths book? Sure. Here you are. A. Need B. Will C. May D. Must 考點(diǎn)三：考查表示“請(qǐng)求；許可”的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞及其回答2. _ I take some photos in the hall? No, you _. Look at the sign “No photos”

59、! A. Can; neednt B. Must; mustnt C. Should; neednt D. May; mustnt 3. Could I use your dictionary for a while? Yes, of course you _. A. could B. can C. will D. should 2. _ I take some phot【考點(diǎn)點(diǎn)撥】 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞may和can都可表示“請(qǐng)求；許可”。may比can正式，could在表示“請(qǐng)求；許可” 時(shí)，既可表示過(guò)去，也可表示語(yǔ)氣的委婉。 當(dāng)“May / Can / Could I ”表示“請(qǐng)求；許可”時(shí)，肯定回

60、答常用“Yes, please.” / “Certainly.”等，否定回答常用“No, you cant / mustnt.”等。【考點(diǎn)點(diǎn)撥】考點(diǎn)四：考查表示“推測(cè)”的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞1. I saw Lily in the supermarket this morning. Oh, it _ her. She moved to Australia the day before yesterday. A. can be B. must be C. cant be D. mustnt be考點(diǎn)四：考查表示“推測(cè)”的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞1. I saw Li2. After a long walk, the chi