非謂語動詞中考復(fù)習(xí)課件

1、非謂語動詞非謂語動詞非謂語動詞包括動詞不定式、動名詞和分詞三種，其中分詞包括現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞。非謂語動詞在句中不能單獨作謂語，不受主語的人稱和數(shù)的限制。非謂語動詞既有動詞性質(zhì)（比如可以有自己的賓語、狀語等），又有非動詞性質(zhì)（比如動名詞相當(dāng)于名詞；分詞相當(dāng)于形容詞和副詞；不定式相當(dāng)于名詞、形容詞和副詞等）。 非謂語動詞包括動詞不定式、動名詞和分詞三種，其中分詞包括現(xiàn)在構(gòu)成句子成分不定式to + 動詞原形除謂語外的任何成分有將要之間動名詞doing主語 賓語 表語 定語狀語 賓補表一般情況分詞現(xiàn)在分詞doing 表語 賓補 定語 狀語主動、進行過去分詞done表語 賓補 定語 狀語被動、完成構(gòu)成

2、句子成分不定式to + 動詞原形除謂語外的任何成分有將要動詞不定式動詞不定式可以在句中作賓語、賓語補足語和目的狀語等。動詞不定式由“to+動詞原形”構(gòu)成，有時to可以省略。動詞不定式?jīng)]有人稱和數(shù)的變化，其否定形式為“not+動詞不定式”。 動詞不定式e.g. To learn English well is difficult.動詞不定式作主語時，為了保持句子平衡，常用it代替它作形式主語，而將真正的主語動詞不定式后置，上面的例句常寫為：Its difficult to learn English well.考點一：作主語。e.g. To learn English well is 形式主語代

3、替動詞不定式的常用句型為：Its + adj. + (of / for sb.) to do sth.或Its +n. +(for sb.) to do sth.。e.g. Its very nice of you to offer me a seat. Its very dangerous for children to cross the busy street. It was great fun to have a picnic there.形式主語代替動詞不定式的常用句型為：考點二：作賓語。常跟動詞不定式作賓語的動詞有agree, afford, decide, determine,

4、expect, fail, hope, learn, offer, prepare, plan, promise, refuse, want等。注意：在find,think等后跟動詞不定式作賓語時，常用it作形式賓語，而將真正的賓語動詞不定式后置。e.g. Ifindithardtogetalongwithhim. 考點二：作賓語。1. They decided _ a bridge over the river. (2015四川遂寧) A. build B. to build C. building2. IwantedtoseetheBeijingOpera,so Linglingoffer

5、ed_metowatchan opera.(2016天津) A. took B. takes C. totake D. taking中考鏈接BC 1. They decided _ a bridge3. Shesaidshehoped_herdaughter. (2016湖南邵陽) A. toseeB. youtoseeC. seeing4. Icanttellyouwhatshesaid.Ive promised_itasecret.(2016上海) A. keep B. tokeep C. keepingD. keptA B 3. Shesaidshehoped_he考點三：作賓語補足語。

6、1.一些動詞后常跟動詞不定式作賓語補足語，這類動詞有allow, call, want, tell, advise, ask, warn, encourage, invite, order, teach等。 提示：help跟的賓語補足語既可以是帶to 的動詞不定式，也可以是不帶to的動詞不 定式。 e.g. Can you help the girl (to) move the chair?考點三：作賓語補足語。2.使役動詞(如make, let等)及感官動詞(如see, feel, hear, watch, notice等)后跟動詞不定式作賓語補足語時需省略to。 注意在變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時要加上

7、to。 e.g. I saw a young man enter the room. She was often heard to sing this song.2.使役動詞(如make, let等)及感官動詞(如see1. Our teacher often advises us _ the habit of making notes while reading. (2016蘇州) A.to develop B.develop C.todeveloping D.developing2. YoushouldaskBob_hisownclothes. He is ten years old no

8、w. (2016重慶A卷) A. wash B. washes C. washing D. to wash A 中考鏈接D 1. Our teacher often advises u3. Weadviseparents_theirchildren athomealoneinordertokeepthem awayfromdanger. (2016黑龍江東) A.nottoleave B.notleave C.notleavingA 3. Weadviseparents_th考點四：作定語。動詞不定式可以作名詞的定語；還可在某些句型中作定語，與所修飾的名詞是動賓關(guān)系。e.g. I havent

9、 had the chance to think yet. （作名詞的定語）提示：動詞不定式作定語修飾名詞且為動賓關(guān)系時，如果動詞為不及物動詞，后面要加上相應(yīng)的介詞。e.g. Tinahasnopapertowriteon.考點四：作定語。Joiningasummercampisagreat chance_freetimewithyourfriends. (2016吉林)A. spend B. spending C. to spend C 中考鏈接Joiningasummercampisagre考點四：作狀語。動詞不定式作狀語往往表示原因、目的、結(jié)果等。e.g. They were surpr

10、ised to find that nobody was in the house. (表示原因) To get a good seat she arrived at the hall early. (表示目的) The boy is old enough to take care of himself. (表示結(jié)果)考點四：作狀語。說明： 1. had better，would rather，Why not .?，Will / Would you please .?后面接不帶to的動詞不定式。 e.g. To catch the early bus, youd better get up e

11、arly tomorrow morning.2.動詞不定式可以和疑問詞what，which，how，where，when等連用，構(gòu)成動詞不定式的特殊結(jié)構(gòu)。 e.g. Can you tell me where to buy a map?說明： 1. Ill have a ten-day holiday. But I dont know _. How about Paris? (2016成都) A. what to do B.where to go C.when to goB 中考鏈接1. Ill have a ten-day holid2. TheChineseteamareworkingha

12、rd _ honorsinthe2016 OlympicGames. (2016湖南株洲) A. towin B. winC. winning3. Itsgettingdark.Youdbetter_ outbyyourself.Itsdangerous. (2016四川宜賓) A. notgoB. nottogoC. togoA A 2. TheChineseteamareworkin4. Iboughtabigbox_books forkidsinpoorareas. (2016吉林長春) A.collects B.tocollect C.collect D.collected B 4.

13、Iboughtabigbox_動詞-ing形式動詞的-ing形式由“動詞原形+-ing”構(gòu)成，其否定形式為“not+動詞的-ing形式”。動詞的-ing形式在句中可以作主語、賓語、表語、定語、賓語補足語等。 動詞-ing形式考點一：作主語。動名詞作主語和動詞不定式作主語，在很多情況下可以通用。e.g. Playing / To play computer games too much is bad for your eyes.考點一：作主語。Our English teacher often says to us, “_ English well is very important.”(201

14、3四川內(nèi)江)A. Learn B. LearningC. Learned D. To learning中考鏈接B Our English teacher often says考點二：作賓語。1. 在初中階段我們需要掌握的后跟動詞-ing形式作賓語的詞語有dislike, consider, enjoy, finish, imagine, keep, mind, practice, suggest, give up, put off, keep on, be busy, have fun, be afraid of, be good at, be interested in, be used t

15、o, look forward to, feel like, thanks for等?？键c二：作賓語。2.有些及物動詞（如like，love，hate， begin，start等）既可以跟動詞的-ing形式作賓語，也可以跟動詞不定式作賓語，且意思上沒什么差別。如： e.g. Do you like reading / to read?2.有些及物動詞（如like，love，hate，3.有些及物動詞（如remember， forget，stop，try等）既可以跟動詞的-ing形式作賓語，也可以跟動詞不定式作賓語，但意義有別。forget / remember to do sth.忘記/記得要

16、做某事forget / remember doing sth.忘記/記得做過某事stop to do sth. 停下來去做某事stop doing sth. 停止做某事3.有些及物動詞（如remember，forget /try to do sth. 設(shè)法做某事try doing sth. 嘗試做某事need to do sth. 需要去做某事need doing 需要被做mean to do sth. 打算去做某事mean doing sth. 意味著做某事used to do sth. 過去常常做某事be used to doing sth. 習(xí)慣于做某事try to do sth. 設(shè)法

17、做某事need to1.Wefeellike_somefoodanddrinkbecausewellinvitesomefriends _ inaparty. (2016黑龍江齊齊哈爾) A. buying,tojoin B. tobuy,joining C. buying,join中考鏈接A 1.Wefeellike_somefoo2. Aftershefinished_thestory, Alicewroteareviewforherschool newspaper. (2016上海) A. read B. reads C. toread D. reading3. Brucepractic

18、es_basketball everydaysothathecanbeabetter player. (2016海南) A.playB.toplayC.playing D C 2. Aftershefinished_th4. Myfatherusedtodrivetowork,butheis usedto_now. (2016貴州六盤水) A. walking B. walked C. walks D. walkA 4. Myfatherusedtodriveto考點三：賓語補足語一些動詞既可以接動詞不定式又可接動詞-ing形式，作賓語補足語的有區(qū)別。感官動詞(如see，watch，notic

19、e，hear，feel等)后既可跟不帶to的動詞不定式作賓語補足語，也可以跟動詞-ing形式作賓語補足語。前者表示動作的全過程，后者表示動作正在進行?？键c三：賓語補足語1. Theshowwas sofunnythatitmade everyone _ again and again. (2016山東濟寧) A. laugh B. laughed C. laughing D. to laugh C 中考鏈接1. Theshowwas sofunnythat2. I heard Tom _ when I walked past his room yesterday. (2015江蘇宿遷) A. sing B. singing C. to sing D. sang3. I saw some boy students _ basketball when I passed the playground. (2014貴州 安順) A. played B. plays C. playing D. to playA C 2. I heard