英文影像學(xué)課件

1、影像學(xué)檢查方法 Imaging examination1、透視 fluoroscopyflrskp 2、攝片 X ray 3、鉬靶 Mammagraphy4、DEXA 雙能X-線(xiàn)吸收儀= dual energy x-ray absorptiometry5、Tomography x線(xiàn)斷層（IVP)6.支氣管造影 brochography7、血管造影 angiography8、CT、 MRI （magnetic resonance imaging)9、超聲 ultrasound正位胸片 frontal 側(cè)位胸片 lateralBone is white,soft tissue is grey,Ai

2、r is black.No color needed支氣管造影 bronchography影像學(xué)診斷報(bào)告書(shū)的書(shū)寫(xiě)格式1 一般資料，表格式Name ， Sex ， Age， Examination NO ，Department: Out-patient Bed number, Admission/Hospitalization number:住院號(hào) 2.檢查部位(examination position ） : anterioposterior and lateral film 正側(cè)位3 影像所見(jiàn) Findings 如影像所見(jiàn)，應(yīng)將圖像內(nèi)顯示的異常變化按病變的主次及左右、上下（up and do

3、wn,top and bottom,high and low,super and sub)、前后(anterior and posterior)、內(nèi)外順序（alignment)進(jìn)行描述，記錄病變的范圍（the lesion range)、大 小、形態(tài)、輪廓(contour)、內(nèi)在結(jié)構(gòu)(intra+luminal,cerebellar,venous及其與周?chē)M織的關(guān)系或增強(qiáng)后表現(xiàn)，并 描述正常結(jié)構(gòu)。 4 診斷意見(jiàn) Impression/conclusion a 正?；蛭匆?jiàn)異常。 b 病變肯定，性質(zhì)肯定。 c 病變肯定，性質(zhì)不肯定。Certain and uncertain ,nature d 可

4、疑病變 suspicious lesions 5 檢查醫(yī)生與審核報(bào)告醫(yī)師簽名楊絳先生：翻譯的技巧要把西方語(yǔ)文翻成通順的漢語(yǔ)，就得翻個(gè)大跟頭才顛倒得過(guò)來(lái)漢語(yǔ)和西方語(yǔ)言同樣是從第一句開(kāi)始，一句接一句，一段接一段，直到結(jié)尾；不同主要在句子內(nèi)部的結(jié)構(gòu)。西方語(yǔ)言多復(fù)句，可以很長(zhǎng)；漢文多單句，往往很短。即使原文是簡(jiǎn)短的單句，譯文也不能死挨著原文一字字的次序來(lái)翻，這已是常識(shí)了。所以翻譯得把原文的句子作為單位，一句挨一句翻。翻譯包括以下幾道工序1.以句為單位，譯妥每一句。方法是分清這一句的主句、分句、以及各種詞組；并認(rèn)明以上各部分的從屬關(guān)系。在這個(gè)基礎(chǔ)上，把原句短成幾句，重新組合。不倫原句多么曲折繁復(fù)，讀懂了

5、，總分得清。好比九連環(huán)，一環(huán)扣一環(huán)，可是能套上就能解開(kāi)。原則是突出主句，并襯托出各部分之間的從屬關(guān)系。2.把 原文的一句句連綴成章。（連貫）3 洗練全文。FindingsAir bronchogram :空氣支氣管征（陽(yáng)性）The left lung is clear.左肺野清晰 Both lung fields are transparent. 肺野X線(xiàn)透亮度增強(qiáng)。X-ray transparence of lung fields are enhanced.No lung marking is found in both upper areas which edges are clear.

6、Mark :明顯的意思兩上肺可見(jiàn)不肺紋理區(qū)，其邊界清晰。（變with clear edges/margin/border)No marked effusion is seen in the joint capsule.關(guān)節(jié)囊吳明顯積液edge指物體兩平面交接處的邊緣或邊線(xiàn) margin指書(shū)頁(yè)的空白邊緣,也可指物體的邊緣。 The mediastinum and heart shadow are normal.Bilateral diaphragms are smooth. The ribs and clavicles are normal too.肋骨、鎖骨未見(jiàn)異常（肯定與否定交換）Media

7、stinum (mi:dstanm ):縱膈 diaphragmdafrm : 隔膜 hemi+diaphragm : 偏側(cè)膈，半隔 Hemi: pref.表示“半；偏側(cè)；單側(cè)例：The left hemidiaphragm is blurred.左膈面不清楚Conclusion/ImpressionLobar (lb) pneumonia of the right upper lobe. 右上葉大葉性肺炎Pneumonia of the right middle lobe右中葉肺炎Pneumonia of the left lower lobe左下葉肺炎Lobular(lbjul ) pne

8、umonia? Pneumonia of + 部位 thorcic:rsksacrumsekrm骶骨Coccyxkksks尾骨Stricture， stenosis， narrowThere is no stricture strkt(r) in the intervertebral spaces. There be + 名詞+ 介賓短語(yǔ)Stricture:醫(yī)狹窄= stenosis: narrow 多用動(dòng)詞 the left lateral recess narrows （主謂） If stricture develops, bouginage will be needed. 若狹窄發(fā)生,

9、則需用探條擴(kuò)張術(shù). Objective To review our experience with the treatment of urethral stricture. 目的提高外傷性后尿道狹窄的治療效果.Bulge ,herniation,Protrusion,ProlapseNo significant bulge or herniation is found at all cervical disc levels .諸椎間盤(pán)未見(jiàn)膨出或突出No abnormal signals are seen in the vertebral canal.椎管內(nèi)未見(jiàn)異常信號(hào)影 The paraver

10、tebral soft tissues are normal.椎旁軟組織無(wú)異常。Bulge: n.膨脹；暴增 v.膨脹；充滿(mǎn) 延伸為 bulging disc 椎間盤(pán)膨出herniation:疝出， 突 herniated disc =protrusion Disc ProtrusionProlapse v.（器官）下垂；脫垂n.醫(yī)下垂；脫垂 prolapsed disk 椎間盤(pán)突出癥 Slipped:adj.打滑的 ,動(dòng)詞slip的過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞. Slipped disk 椎間盤(pán)突出Plain scan of lumbar vertebra CT was performed. 腰椎平掃P

11、lain scan of lumbar vertebra CT reveals that.腰椎平掃顯示（主謂）Be displayed/Be showed :顯示的Severe dilation of the right ventricle is displayed.5 mm axial slices with 5 mm apart were obtained from to L3S1.層厚5mm,間隔5mm.掃描范圍從L3S1.（三句漢語(yǔ)揉捏成一句英語(yǔ)）Be detected/ be obtainedDisk protrusion to the left and posterior is s

12、een at L4-5 level.L4-5椎間盤(pán)向左后方突出。（大顛倒）Anterior edge of the dural（djrl） sac is compressed.硬膜囊前緣受壓The left lateral recess narrows and the spinal nerve root is compressed.左側(cè)側(cè)隱窩變窄，脊神經(jīng)根受壓The other parts of the lumbar vertebra are normal.其余未見(jiàn)異常。Be compressed :受壓Conclusion/ImpressionDegenerative change of C-spine頸椎退行性改變Protrusions of C3-4 C5-6 disc.頸椎3-4和頸5-6椎間盤(pán)突出Normal appearnce of C-spine MRI plain scan頸椎MRI平掃未見(jiàn)明顯異常Malignant glioma in the posterior region of right cerebral frontal lobe. 右側(cè)額葉后部惡性膠質(zhì)瘤CT技術(shù)術(shù)語(yǔ) axial scan 軸位掃描 （ksil contrast medium 對(duì)比劑contrast enhancement 對(duì)比增強(qiáng)常規(guī)位置：standard