人教版初中英語中考復(fù)習(xí)知識點歸納總結(jié)全冊

1、 /392Theresno（time）todosth沒有（時間）做某事3Ittakessb.sometime（money）todosth某人花費多少時間（金錢）做某事Be+形容詞+enough+todosth足夠做某事Be+too+形容詞+todosth太不能做某事beready+todosth樂意做某事Its+形容詞+forsb.+todosthbeafraidtodosth不敢做某事prefertodosth.ratherthandosth寧愿也不愿wouldliketodosth/wouldlovetodosth.常用于口語中，表示喜歡hadbetterdosth（不帶的不定式）最好”W

2、ill/Wouldyouplease（not）dosth?請你（不要）做好嗎？Exercises：Weareoftentoldatpeopleintrouble.A.nottosmileB.tosmileC.nottolaughD.tolaughWouldyoupleasethewindow?Itstoocoldoutside.A.openB.openingC.notopenD.nottoopenShepreferstooffermoremoneyforabetterTVsetlessforthisone.A.ratherthanpayB.topayC.nottopayD.topayingMy

3、grandfatherwantsaroundtheworldbecauseheenjoysnewplaces.A.traveling;seeingB.totravel;toseetotravel;seeingD.traveling;toseeMywatchisbroken.Iwanttoknowhowtomakeit.A.workB.toworkC.walkD.towalkOnherwayhomeLucysawathiefinashop.Shestopped110atonce.A.steal;callB.tosteal,callC.stealing,tocallstealing,calling

4、TheteachertoldLucytoomuchtimecomputergames.A.nottospend,inB.tonotspend,ondidntspend,playingD.nottospend,playingThegirlswereaskedgooutatnight.A.tonottoB.notC.nottoD.donotJackisveryfunny.Healwaysmakesus.A.laughB.laughingC.tolaughD.laughsTheheadmastertoldusattheScienceMuseumontimeA.arriveB.arrivesC.toa

5、rriveD.arrivingLookout!Thetrafficismovingfast.Itsdangerouscrossthestreet.A.very,toB.so,toC.much,toD.too,toIvemadeitpossibleformycomputersthesameprogramsbymeansofnetworking.A.toshareB.shareC.sharedD.sharesShoppingwithme?Sorry,IhavealotofclothesA.towashB.washedC.washD.tobewashedCouldyoushowusabike?A.h

6、owtomendB.whattobuyC.wheretogoD.howmanytobuyLucyshoulddoherhomeworknow.Butshedoesntfeellikeit.A.doesB.doC.doingD.todoThestudentsarealwaysEnglishorChineseeverymorningonweekdays.A.keptreadingB.keepingreadingC.kepttoreadkeepingtoreadTheriversmellsterrible.Peoplemustdirtythingsintoit.A.bestoppedtothrowB

7、.bestoppedfromthrowingC.stoptothrowD.stopfromthrowingHefoundithardhisclass.A.tocatchupB.catchupwithC.catchupD.tocatchupwithWouldyoumindthewindow,please?Itscoldoutside.A.tocloseB.closingC.closedD.closeYoudbetterupstairsandtellthechildrenmakesomuchnoise.A.go,nottoB.go,dontC.togo,nottoD.togo,dontUnits9

8、-10重點短語：have/hasgoneto+地點到某地去了（人不在此處）have/hasbeento+地點曾經(jīng)去過某地，有曾經(jīng)去過某地的經(jīng)歷have/hasbeenin+地點在某地anamusementpark游樂園arollercoaster過山車endup結(jié)束endupwith以.結(jié)束English-speakingcountry說英語的國家anativespeakerofEnglish以英語為母語的人suchas例如,比如threequarters四分之三listening/writingskill聽力/寫作技巧alargepopution人口眾多asmallpopulation人煙稀

9、少naturalenvironment自然環(huán)境smalltalk閑聊haveproblemdoingsth做某事有問題atleast至少thank-younote感謝信lookthrough查看,瀏覽sofar到目前為止getalong相處comealong意外）來到重點句型:Haveyoueverbeentoanamusementpark?No,Iveneverbeentoanamusement./Yes,Ihave.Iwenttherelastyear.Harveyandhisfriendaregoingskating.3.Itsaniceday,isntit?Yes,itis.Ireal

10、lylovehotweather.YoureJennysfriend,arentyou?Yes,Iam.清單一：動詞的-ing形式及語法功能動詞的-ing形式動詞-ing形式是英語中較多的形式之一，它是動詞原形+ing構(gòu)成的。它既具有動詞的一些特征,又具有名詞的一些特征.在句中可作主語、賓語、賓語補足語、表語、定語、狀語。它沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，但有時態(tài)和語態(tài)的變化。否定式：not+動詞的-ing形式動詞的-ing形式的語法功能：作主語，往往說明事物的普遍性、廣泛性：Readingaloudisveryhelpful.大聲朗讀是很有好處的。Collectingstampsisinterestin

11、g.集郵很有趣。當(dāng)動詞的-ing形式短語作主語時常用it作形式主語。Itsnousequarrelling.爭吵是沒用的。用法點津：不定式和動詞的-ing形式作主語的區(qū)別。不定式更強調(diào)具體性，往往有明確的時間，而動詞的-ing形式是一種泛指.一種體驗，不是明確的發(fā)生在過去.現(xiàn)在或?qū)淼膭幼?，更具有普遍性。Readingisreallyfun.讀書真有趣。Toreadsuchastoryishard.讀這樣一個故事真是難。作表語,用以說明事物的身份性質(zhì)等，此時和不定式的用法相同：Whathelikesisplayingfootballafterclass。他所喜歡的事就是課后踢足球。作賓語：Do

12、youenjoylisteningtopopmusic？你喜歡聽流行音樂嗎？Wearethinkingofmakinganewplan.我們正考慮制定一個新計劃。Iamnowbusysendingpostcards.我現(xiàn)在正忙于郵寄賀年卡。注意動詞的-ing形式既可以作動詞賓語也作介詞和形容詞的賓語，如上面三個例句。此外，動詞的-ing形式作賓語是時，若跟有賓語補足語，則常用形式賓語it，如；Wefounditnogoodmakingfunofothers。我們發(fā)現(xiàn)取笑他人不好。用法點津：如下動詞及短語只跟動詞-ing形式作賓語：enjoy、finish、suggest、avoid（避免）、e

13、xcuse、delay、imagine、keep、miss、consider.admit（承認）、deny（否認）、mind、permit、forbid、pratise、risk、appreciate、bebusy、beworth、feellike、cantstand、canthelp、thinkof、dreamof、befondof、prevent（from）、keepfrom、stopfrom、protectfrom、setabout、beengagedinspend（in）、succesdin、beusedtolookforwardto、objectto、payattentionto、i

14、nsideon、feellike.作定語，表示被修飾詞的性質(zhì)、身份、用途、正在進行的行為或狀態(tài)等：Theoldmanhastowalkwithawalkingstick.這個老人只好借助拐杖走。Thisisaninterestingstory.這是一個有趣的故事。Themanwaitingatthegateisaskingtoseeyou.在大門口等的那個人要見你。作賓語補足語，表明賓語的性質(zhì)、狀態(tài)或正在進行的行為：如下動詞后可跟動詞的-ing形式作賓語補足語：see,watch,hear,feel,found,get,keep,notice,observe,listento,lookat,l

15、eave,catch,discover等。Canyouhearhersinginginthenextroom.嗎？他讓他讓小汽車在門口等寄走。著。作狀語，表示時間、原因、伴隨、條件、結(jié)果、目的等：（While）Wokinginthefactory，hewasanadvancedworker。在工廠工作時，他是一名先進工人（表示時間）。BeingaLeaguemember，heisalwayshelpingothers。由于是共青團員，他經(jīng)常幫助別人。（表示原因）Hestayedathome，cleaningandwashing。他呆在家里，又擦又洗。（表伴隨）（If）playingallday

16、,youwillwasteyourvaluabletime.要是整天玩，你就會浪費寶貴的時間。（表條件）Hedroppedtheglass,breakingitintopieces.他把杯子掉了，結(jié)果摔得粉碎。（表結(jié)果）Hewentswimmingtheotherday.幾天前他去講話了。（目的）做讓步狀語：Thoughrainingheavily,itclearedupverysoon.雖然雨下得很大，但不久天就晴了。清單二：不定式與動詞-ing形式賓語的比較1在下列一些動詞后面常跟動詞-ing作賓語，而不跟不定式：admit，appreciate，advice，allow，consider

17、，delay，dislike，enjoy，escape，excuse，face，feellike，finish，fancy，forbid，imagine，include，keep，metion，mind，miss，practice，resist，risk,suggest等。如：HepracticesspeakingEnglisheveryday.他每天練習(xí)說英語。Headmittedhavingbrokenthewindow.他承認打破了那扇窗子。Imuchappreciateyourgivingmethechance.我非常感激你給了我這個機會。2在下列一些動詞后只跟不定式，不跟動詞-ing

18、做賓語：want（想要），hope,expect（期望），wish,decide,wouldlike,refuse,manage,pretend,demand,offer,afford,plan,wonder,intend等。如：Iamexpectingtogetaletterfrommyparents.我期待著父母的來信。Weareplanningtobuildanotherresearchcenter.我們正計劃著建另一所研究中心。在下列一些動詞后面跟不定式或動詞-ing形式作賓語，意義不同。如：你能聽見她在隔壁唱歌練習(xí)。Remembertopostthebookforme.記住幫我把那本

19、書（1）Irememberdoingthisexercisdebefore.我記得前做過這個辨析：rememberdoing你能聽見她在隔壁唱歌練習(xí)。Remembertopostthebookforme.記住幫我把那本書（2）WeshallneverforgethearingJacksonsinging.我們忘不了聽杰克遜唱歌的情形。Dontfogettogivemyregardstothem.別忘了代我向他們問好。辨析：forgetdoing忘了做過的事（某事已做過）forgettodo忘了去做某事（某事還沒做）（3）Illtrytoimprovemypronunciation.我會試著改善

20、我的發(fā)音。Sincenooneansweredthefrontdoor,whynottryknockingatthebackdoor?既然前門沒人答應(yīng)，為什么不試試后門呢？辨析：trytodo盡力去做某事trydoing（用另外一種方式）試一試，試試看（4）Isuggestwestopworkingandhavingarese.我們停下來休息一會兒。Theystoppedtolisten,buttherewasnomoresound.他們停下來，聽一聽，再沒什么聲音。辨析：stoptodo停下（某事）去做（另一件）事。（表目的）stopdoing把（正在做的）某事停下來。（賓語）（5）What

21、doyoumeantodowithyouroldbicycle?打算如何處理你那輛舊自行車？Iwontwaitifitmeansdelayingaweekorso.如果這意味著要推遲一個星期左右,那我就不等了。辨析：meantodo打算做某事meandoing意味著做某事在love,like,hate,prefer后面跟不定式和動詞-ing形式無多大區(qū)別，如：Doyouliketoeatanice-cream?你想吃冰淇淋嗎？Iliketravelingverymuch.我非常喜歡旅游。在start,begin后面，一般接不定式和動詞-ing形式無多大區(qū)別，在下列情況下,一般用不定式：自然界變

22、化：Itstartedtorain.開始下雨了。Sonwstartedtomeltasspringcame.春天來了，雪開始融了。心理活動，在understand,know,reaside等詞前面：Ibegantounderstandmymothersfeelings.我開始理解母親的感受了。begin,start本身為現(xiàn)在進行時：MotherwasstartingtocookinthekitchenwhenIgothome.我到家時母親在廚房開始做飯。在allow,advise,permit,forbid等詞后面，有名詞或代詞作賓語，用不定式作賓語補足語，如果沒有賓語，直接用ing形式，如：

23、Wedontallowparkinghere.我們不允許在這兒停車。Thepolicedontallowpeopletoparkhere.警察不允許在這兒停車。need，require，want譯作需要時，跟動詞ing形式作賓語，主動表示被動，相當(dāng)于tobedone,如：Thewindowsrequirecleaning.Thewindowsrequiretobecleaned.窗子要擦了。8在一些固定表達中用ing形式，不用不定式：canthelpdoing,beworthdoing,devotetodoing,lookforwardtodoing,be/get/becomeusedtodo

24、ing,objecttodoing,thankfordoing,excusefordoing等。Einsteindevotedhislifetomakingaresearchinscience.愛因斯坦終身致力于科學(xué)研究。Imlookingforwardtogettingyourletter.我期盼收到你的來信。清單三：動詞-ing形式與-ed形式作形容詞時的區(qū)別動詞-ing形式在句中作定語，表示一個正在進行的動作，它與主語中心詞之間存在著主謂關(guān)系。動詞的-ed形式在句中作定語，表示一個已完成的或被動的動作，它與中心詞之間存在著動賓關(guān)系。如：Thiswasbecausetherewasnoma

25、chineallowingapersontobreatheunderwaterforalongtime這是因為沒有一臺可以讓人在水下長時間呼吸的機器。WeliveinaplacecalledGumTree.我們住在一個叫做桉樹村的地方。Takeawaythebrokenglass.把那個被打碎的玻璃杯拿走。Thesleepingbabyishers.那個睡著的孩子是她的。走進中考動詞的-ing形式做主語DidyouhaveanyproblemsinLondon?Yes,Chinesefoodlikerice,noodlesanddumplings.A.findB.foundC.findingD

26、.tofindWhatsmadeyousoupset?threeticketstothepopmusicconcert.A.LostB.LosingC.BecauseoflosingD.SinceIlost動詞-ing的形式作賓語3.Samenjoysstamps.Andnowhehas266ofthem.A.tocollectB.collectedC.collectscollectingWerelookingforwardtotheWorldCup2006inGermany.A.visitingB.watchingC.lookingWouldyoumindmoreslowly?Icantfe

27、llowyou.A.speakB.spokeC.spokenD.speaking只能跟-ing形式的動詞或短語“Wouldyoumindthemusic?”“No,notatall.”A.turnonB.toturnoverC.turningonAreyouafraidofathome,Linda?No,Ivegrownup.A.aloneB.beingaloneC.lonelyD.beinglonelyWhenIthefarm,thechildrenhavefinishedtheapple.A.reach;pickingB.got;pickingC.came;pickedD.arrivedi

28、n;topick既能跟-ing形式又能跟不定式作賓語的動詞WheresMrYu,doyouknow?Well,itshardtosay.ButIsawhim.A.waswatchingB.watchingC.hadwatchedwatched10.Sheoughttostop,shehasaheadachebecauseshetoolong.A.towork,wasreadingB.towork,hasreadC.working,hasreadD.working,readJanelikessinging,weoftenhearherafterclass.A.singB.tosingC.singsD.sang動詞-ing形式與-ed形式作形容詞時的區(qū)別Whatnewsitwas!Yes,allofthechildrenwereA.excited;excitingC.exciting;excitingThedoctoraB.exciting;excitedD.excited;excitedboyyesterday.A.hadsaved,dyingB.saved,deadB.exciting;excitedD.excited;excitedboyyesterday.C.hassaved,deadD.saved,dy