杭州專版2022年中考英語(yǔ)第36講任務(wù)型閱讀精講本課件

1、20162021年杭州市中考任務(wù)型閱讀考點(diǎn)統(tǒng)計(jì)年份話題考查特點(diǎn)2016游泳的技巧選用標(biāo)題2017家庭傳統(tǒng)添加首句2018怎樣留下美好的第一印象？選用標(biāo)題2019教室選座位的科學(xué)添加首句2020怎樣才能成功？選用標(biāo)題2021怎樣獲得工作？選用標(biāo)題任務(wù)型閱讀根據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)，我們不難發(fā)現(xiàn)杭州近幾年任務(wù)型閱讀的考查主要有兩種形式：選用標(biāo)題和添加首句。旨在考查考生對(duì)閱讀信息的再組織和再提煉的能力。同時(shí)這些文章有一些共性：該題所選文章以方法指導(dǎo)、問(wèn)題分析、事實(shí)闡述等形式對(duì)某一話題展開(kāi)說(shuō)明，話題貼近學(xué)生生活，文章內(nèi)容新穎、積極、健康向上，具有一定的科學(xué)性、時(shí)代性及教育性；文章總體上難度適中，主題明確，行文結(jié)構(gòu)比較

2、清楚，各個(gè)段落的詞數(shù)大體均衡，每段意思明確、獨(dú)立；要求概括主旨的各個(gè)段落之間多為平行關(guān)系，但段落間也可能是轉(zhuǎn)折或遞進(jìn)關(guān)系。答題技巧指導(dǎo)類型一 選用標(biāo)題 這類試題重在考查對(duì)文章各段的理解。因此找出段落大意、各段的首句或尾句是解題的關(guān)鍵。在解答此類試題時(shí)，要先瀏覽選項(xiàng)，然后閱讀文章，找出各段中的關(guān)鍵詞，標(biāo)注出來(lái)，根據(jù)段落一致性原則，查找同義詞或其他相關(guān)的詞，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)的內(nèi)容快速鎖定答案。【典例分析】(2020杭州)31. Hopes，ambitions(抱負(fù))，dreams.How many of yours will you achieve？ When you look back at your

3、life in the future，will you have good memories of all the things that you did？ Or will you regret all the things that you didnt do？ Of course，theres no easy road to success，but one thing is certain：Success wont come if you dont do anything.So how do you do it？ This four-step model will help you to m

4、ake your dream come true.Step 1：32. What would you like to do？ Write down all your ambitions.They may be very general，such as “I would like to be fitter”，“I want to be famous”or“It would be nice to have more friends”.Or they may be more specific，like “Ive always wanted to play a musical instrument”.

5、Step 2：33. Now you need to do two things：1.Choose one or two ambitions.If you try to do everything，you wont do anything.2.Set a time limit (限定).This is very important，because you will have a goal and you will also know when you have reached it. So，for example，“I would like to be fitter”.in Step 1 no

6、w becomes “I will be fit enough to join a half-marathon race by the end of August”.Step 3：34. Now that youve made your choice，what are you actually going to do to achieve your goal？So，in our example，“I will be fit enough to join a half-marathon race by the end of August”becomes “Im going to join a r

7、unning club”or “Im going to go jogging three times a week”.Step 4：35 . This is when you change your intentions (意圖) into specific actions.Prepare to do something at a specific time.If you dont do this，your dreams and plans will just stay as dreams and plans.So now“Im going to join a running club”bec

8、omes “Im meeting the president of the Cheetahs Running Club on Monday evening at 5：30”. Dont let your ambitions die.Follow this four-step plan and make your dream come true.A.Change I would like to.to I will.B.Change I did.to I do.C.How to be successfulD.Change Im going to.to Im doing.on.at.E.Think

9、about your ambitionsF.Change I will.to Im going to.【文章大意】本文主要論述了成功的路上是不易的，如何才能實(shí)現(xiàn)夢(mèng)想以及自己的抱負(fù)呢？以下四個(gè)步驟可以幫你實(shí)現(xiàn)。31.C 【解析】考査主旨大意。根據(jù)文章結(jié)構(gòu)和第二段第一句及最后一句，“theres no easy road to success”及“This four-step model will help you to make your dream come true”可知，成功不易，但這四個(gè)步驟會(huì)幫助你實(shí)現(xiàn)你的夢(mèng)想。故選C。32.E 【解析】考查上下文邏輯。根據(jù)第三段第二句“Write do

10、wn all your ambitions”可知第一步是寫(xiě)下你的抱負(fù)。故選E。33.A 【解析】考查上下文邏輯。根據(jù)第五段“I would like to be fitter in Step 1 now becomes I will be fit enough to join a half-marathon race by the end of August”可知第一步是給自己的抱負(fù)設(shè)置一個(gè)時(shí)間限定，根據(jù)舉例可知是把I would like to.變?yōu)镮 will.。故選 A。34.F 【解析】考查上下文邏輯。根據(jù)第六段第二句“I will be fit enough to join a ha

11、lf-marathon race by the end of August becomes Im going to join a running clubor Im going to go jogging three times a week”可知是把I will.變成Im going to.。故選 F。35. D 【解析】考查上下文邏輯。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段第四句“Im going to join a running club.becomes Im meeting the president of the Cheetahs Running Club on Monday evening at 5：3

12、0”可知第四步是把自己的意圖變?yōu)榫唧w的行動(dòng)。故選D?！鞠任蚝缶殹?. . Getting good grades at school requires organization，planning，studying and good attendance(出勤率). It doesnt come easily to most students.But keeping a few things in mind can help. 2. . The classroom is where most of the learning takes place.If you dont go to class

13、to listen to your teacher，youll miss so much.Most of the time，the teacher covers additional things that cant be learned from the textbook.Be active and study hard in class.Raise your hand and take part in the class discussion.FC 3. . Dont put off your work until the last minute.Plan out when you wil

14、l begin your work.Finish it before the last moment.When you study too long，be sure to take breaks.Stand up and walk away from your computer.Go for a walk or call a friend to talk about something fun. 4. . Write in your agenda due dates and dates of the coming tests.And write into your agenda the tim

15、e when you will work on projects or when you will spend time studying for a test.Also，create a filing system(歸檔系統(tǒng)) for each of your subjects.Organized study will work better.BA 5. . When studying for a test，plan your time.Leave enough time each day to study instead of waiting until right before a te

16、st.This way also allows you to study in small chunks(小塊).If you work on gaining knowledge little by little，then in the end all you need to do is to pull it all together.As a result，youll find it easy to get good grades in exams.DA.Be organized and use an agenda(日程表)B.Use your time wiselyC.Have a ver

17、y good classD.Study correctlyE.Save your timeF.How to get good grades答題技巧指導(dǎo)類型二添加首句 段首一般是段落的主題句、段落的過(guò)渡句或支撐前文某一觀點(diǎn)的句子?？忌谕ㄗx文章后可結(jié)合以下方法進(jìn)行復(fù)習(xí)。 (1)段首句與后文是并列、轉(zhuǎn)折、因果關(guān)系等，著重閱讀后文前兩句，鎖定線索信號(hào)詞，然后在選項(xiàng)中查找相關(guān)特征詞。通常正確答案的最后一句與空白后的第一句在意思上是緊密銜接的，因此這兩句間會(huì)有某種銜接手段，尤其當(dāng)選項(xiàng)是幾句話時(shí)。 (2)段落間的過(guò)渡句。這時(shí)要瞻前顧后找提示，即閱讀上一段結(jié)尾部分，通常正確答案與上一段結(jié)尾有機(jī)地銜接起來(lái)，并

18、結(jié)合下一段內(nèi)容，看所選的答案是否將兩段內(nèi)容銜接起來(lái)?！镜淅治觥?2019杭州)Where You Sit and How You Fit 31 For more than seventy years，researchers and teachers have studied the link between the place where students choose to sit in class and what they are like as people and learners.Where do you usually decide to sit？ Have you ever

19、really thought about the reasons for your decision？ 32 But is this really true？ Well，some researchers say it is not.In fact，shy students often choose the back row because it is far away from the teacher and they dont want to answer questions.At the back，students probably wont speak much，but in big c

20、lassrooms，it can be hard to see the board and hear what the teacher is saying.This could be the reason why students who sit here often get lower grades on tests and exams.For students with poor eyesight or hearing，a seat at the back of the classroom is not a good choice. 33 However，they like watchin

21、g and listening rather than joining in.These students are usually also very good at taking notes.Next time you miss a class，borrow notes from someone who sits here.On the sides of the classroom you will generally find modest and thoughtful people.These people usually get good grades in school and ar

22、e interested in learning. 34 Then the statistics(統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)) say you probably like your teacher.You probably also have a good relationship with your classmates.Caring，outgoing，and cheerful people usually sit in the middle.They are normally serious about learning and feel disappointed with low grades on te

23、sts and exams. 35 Students who sit here usually want to discuss things with the teacher and are often very interested in the subject.They want to be in the best place to see and hear everything the teacher does and says.The only problem with sitting here is that it can be difficult to see and hear w

24、hat other students do and say in class.So，if you really want to hear what everyone says in class，choose a different place to sit.A.You probably sit right at the front of the class if youre longing for knowledge.B.Research suggests that the seat you choose in the classroom says a lot about you and yo

25、ur personality.C.Do you sit in the middle of the classroom？D.This means its a good idea to sit in a different place every day.E.People often think that students who sit at the back are lazy.F.Students who sit at the side of the classroom are normally interested in class.【文章大意】研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，學(xué)生們選擇在教室里坐在什么位置是與他

26、們的個(gè)性有關(guān)的。這篇短文給我們?cè)敿?xì)介紹了選擇在教室后面、兩邊、中間以及前排的不同學(xué)生們的個(gè)性特點(diǎn)。31.B 【解析】根據(jù)橫線后“For more than seventy years，researchers and teachers have studied the link between the place where students choose to sit in class and what they are like as people and learners.”可知，七十多年來(lái)，研究人員和教師一直在研究學(xué)生選擇坐在教室里的位置與他們作為學(xué)習(xí)者的身份之間的關(guān)系，這里提出座位與個(gè)

27、性之間是有關(guān)系的，B選項(xiàng)意為：研究表明，你在教室里選擇的座位能反映出你的個(gè)性。故選B。32.E 【解析】根據(jù)第二段“In fact，shy students often choose the back row because it is far away from the teacher and they dont want to answer questions.At the back，students probably wont speak much”可知，害羞的學(xué)生經(jīng)常選擇后面的座位在后面，學(xué)生們可能不經(jīng)常說(shuō)話，這一段介紹的是坐在后面的學(xué)生的個(gè)性，E選項(xiàng)意為：人們經(jīng)常認(rèn)為坐在后面的學(xué)生是

28、非常懶的。故選E。33.F 【解析】根據(jù)這一段中“On the sides of the classroom you will generally find modest and thoughtful people.”可知，坐在教室兩側(cè)的學(xué)生通常是謙虛的、有思想的。這一段介紹的是選擇坐在教室兩邊的學(xué)生們的特點(diǎn)，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)意為：坐在教室兩邊的學(xué)生通常對(duì)上課感興趣。故選F。34.C 【解析】根據(jù)這一段中“Caring，outgoing，and cheerful people usually sit in the middle.”可知，有愛(ài)心、外向、快樂(lè)的人通常坐在中間，這一段介紹的是選擇坐在教室中間的

29、學(xué)生們的個(gè)性和特點(diǎn)，C選項(xiàng)意為：你坐在教室的中間嗎？故選C。35.A 【解析】根據(jù)這一段中“Students who sit here usually want to discuss things with the teacher and are often very interested in the subject.They want to be in the best place to see and hear everything the teacher does and says”可知，坐在這個(gè)位置的學(xué)生通常想和老師討論問(wèn)題，他們想坐在最好的位置關(guān)注老師的一言一行，由此可推測(cè)這是教室

30、里比較靠前的位置，離老師最近。A選項(xiàng)意為：如果你渴望知識(shí)，你可能會(huì)坐在教室的前排。故選A。【先悟后練】 Time and tide waits for no man.Do you have too many things to do in too little time？ Well，if you make a good plan，everything will be in order.The following will certainly help.If you can do all this，every your single day will be productive. 6. It all begins with listing.If you dont have a list，c