優(yōu)化高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)課件：專題四動詞和動詞詞組

1、專題四動詞和動詞詞組-2-詞匯復(fù)習(xí)4(根據(jù)漢語提示填入以a開頭的單詞的適當(dāng)形式,然后背誦情景,熟記以a開頭的課標(biāo)高頻詞匯。)【情景1】 Having assessed the (反常的)atmosphere,the astronomers alongside their assistants think that the spaceship can be sent into space without any danger in this autumn.At the same time,the astronauts (陪伴)by (觀眾)are looking forward to the r

2、esult hopefully.【情景1】譯文:評估了反常的大氣后,天文學(xué)家及他們的助手認(rèn)為,在這個秋季將宇宙飛船送入太空沒有任何風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。同時(shí),宇航員由觀眾陪伴著,正滿懷希望地期待著這次評估的結(jié)果。abnormal accompanied audiences -3-【情景2】 Though the (令人羨慕的) actress is very acute,she does not like to (吸收) other peoples advice.What she always adores is a large (數(shù)量) of allowance.Anyway,such awesome (態(tài)

3、度) towards academic questions and art will prevent her attaining great progress,and people will not (欣賞) her any more in the end.譯文:雖然那位令人欽佩的女演員非常機(jī)敏,但是她卻聽不進(jìn)其他人的建議。她崇尚的是大量的金錢。不管怎么說,這種對待學(xué)術(shù)和藝術(shù)的可怕態(tài)度將會阻止她取得大的進(jìn)步,最后人們也不再會欣賞她。admirable absorb amount attitude appreciate -4-動詞和短語,考查并不難;仔細(xì)品句意,搭配是關(guān)鍵。1.(2015安徽卷改

4、編)If you come to visit China,you will (體驗(yàn)) a culture of amazing depth and variety. 答案解析解析關(guān)閉考查動詞。句意:如果你到中國旅行,你就會體驗(yàn)到一種極為深厚而又多樣化的文化。experience “體驗(yàn);體會”。 答案解析關(guān)閉experience -5-2.(2015浙江卷改編)Body language can (暴露) a lot about your mood,so standing with your arms folded can send out a signal that you are bein

5、g defensive. 答案解析解析關(guān)閉考查動詞詞組。句意:肢體語言能夠暴露你很多情緒方面的東西,因此雙臂交叉站著發(fā)送出的信號是你正處于戒備狀態(tài)。give away“泄露,暴露,出賣”。 答案解析關(guān)閉give away -6-3.(2015江蘇卷改編)The university started some new language programs to (滿足需要) the countrys Silk Road Economic Belt. 答案解析解析關(guān)閉考查動詞詞組。句意:這所大學(xué)開辦了一些新的語言項(xiàng)目來滿足絲綢之路經(jīng)濟(jì)帶的發(fā)展需要。cater for “滿足需要,迎合”。 答案解析關(guān)

6、閉cater for -7-4.(2015陜西卷改編)Peter will (擔(dān)任) his post as the head of the travel agency at the end of next month. 答案解析解析關(guān)閉考查動詞詞組。句意:下個月底彼得將擔(dān)任旅行社經(jīng)理這個職務(wù)。take up “拿起;從事;擔(dān)任”。 答案解析關(guān)閉take up -8-5.(2015浙江卷改編)If steel is heavier than water,why are ships able to (漂浮) on the sea? 答案解析解析關(guān)閉考查動詞。句意:如果說鋼鐵比水重的話,那么為什么

7、輪船能夠漂浮在海面上?float “漂浮”。 答案解析關(guān)閉float -9-6.(2015天津卷改編)If you have any doubts about your health,youd better(咨詢) your doctor at once. 答案解析解析關(guān)閉考查動詞。句意:如果你對自己的健康狀況還有所懷疑的話,你最好立刻咨詢你的醫(yī)生。consult“請教,咨詢”。 答案解析關(guān)閉consult -10-7.(2015湖北卷改編)There is no doubt that this candidates advantage (在于) his ability to communic

8、ate with foreigners in English. 答案解析解析關(guān)閉考查動詞詞組。句意:毫無疑問,這位參賽選手的優(yōu)勢在于他用英語與外國人交流的能力。 lie in “在于”。 答案解析關(guān)閉lies in -11-8.(2015天津卷改編)See,your computer has broken down again! It doesnt (明智) to buy the cheapest brand of computer just to save a few dollars. 答案解析解析關(guān)閉考查動詞詞組。句意:看,你的電腦又壞了!為了節(jié)省幾美元去購買最便宜的牌子的電腦,這種做法不

9、明智。make sense是固定短語,意為“明智,合情合理;有道理”。 答案解析關(guān)閉make sense -12-121.易混動詞辨析(1)詞形相近動詞之間辨義。lay(放),lie(躺)與lie(說謊)rise和raise -13-12find與foundThe Peoples Republic of China was founded in 1949.中華人民共和國于1949年成立。hang的用法hang有兩個意思:一為懸掛,是不規(guī)則動詞,過去式、過去分詞都是hung;二為絞刑,是規(guī)則動詞,其過去式、過去分詞都是hanged。 -14-12(2)近義動詞之間辨義。seat與sitseat為

10、及物動詞時(shí)是作“容納、使就座”講,sit只是表示一個動作“就座”。I seated myself in the armchair.=I sat in the armchair.我坐在扶手椅上。borrow與 lendborrow “借入”同from 搭配,構(gòu)成詞組 borrow sth.from sb.; lend“借出”,常與to 搭配,構(gòu)成詞組lend sth.to sb.。-15-12win與beat和defeatwin“勝過、贏”,及物動詞。其后應(yīng)接game/argument/battle/prize/contest/race/bet,但不能接人、團(tuán)隊(duì)或組織。而beat和defeat“

11、擊敗、勝過”是及物動詞,直接接人、團(tuán)隊(duì)或組織。steal與robsteal為 “偷”,常用結(jié)構(gòu)steal sth.from sb./sp.rob為 “搶”,常用結(jié)構(gòu) rob sb.of sth.。fit與suitfit與suit均可作“合適”講,但fit用于尺寸大小的合適,而suit則多用于顏色式樣的合適。bring,take與fetchbring“拿來,帶來”,take“拿去,帶走”,fetch“去取回來”,表示往返。-16-12 reach與arrive 二者都有“到達(dá)”之意;reach是及物動詞,arrive后必須加介詞at/in 才能接賓語。cost,spend與takecost 花費(fèi)

12、,主語不能是人;spend的主語不能是物;take 花費(fèi),可用人也可用物做主語,多用形式主語it。She spent all her money on stamps.她把錢全花在郵票上了。It takes me three hours to finish this work.我花費(fèi)三小時(shí)完成這項(xiàng)工作。-17-12wear與dresswear “穿著”,表示狀態(tài),可用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。dress既可用作狀態(tài),又可用作穿衣動作,其后接人。He was wearing a blue suit.=He was dressed in a blue suit.他穿著一套藍(lán)色西服。I dress my child

13、ren in the morning every day.每天早晨我都給孩子們穿衣服。-18-122.動詞詞組辨析(1)與不同介詞(副詞)搭配的動詞,如:give可與介詞(副詞)搭配構(gòu)成give in,give up,give off,give away等;turn可與介詞(副詞)搭配構(gòu)成turn on,turn off,turn down,turn up等。(2)同一介詞(副詞)與不同的動詞搭配,如:up可與動詞搭配構(gòu)成bring up;turn up;hang up;look up;use up;take up 等。附:常用動詞詞組1.與不同介詞(副詞)搭配的動詞(1)add短語add t

14、o增加,增添add up加起來add up to總計(jì),共達(dá)-19-12(2)break短語break away from脫離break down壞掉;出故障;垮掉break into闖入,破門而入break out(戰(zhàn)爭)爆發(fā)break in破門而入break off打斷;中斷break through逾越,突破;沖破break up打碎;(物理)分解;分開;結(jié)束;制止-20-12(3)bring短語bring about導(dǎo)致,引起bring down使倒下;降低(費(fèi)用、開支、價(jià)格等)bring in引進(jìn);掙得bring on使發(fā)展,有助于生長;引起,導(dǎo)致(疾病、戰(zhàn)爭等)bring out使展

15、現(xiàn);闡明;出版bring up養(yǎng)育,培養(yǎng);嘔吐;提出(建議、論點(diǎn)等)(4)call 短語call for需要;要求,呼吁call on號召;訪問call in打電話匯報(bào);召來call up呼喚;征召某人入伍;打電話call off取消-21-12(5)carry短語carry on繼續(xù),堅(jiān)持carry out執(zhí)行,實(shí)施carry off贏得,獲得;成功地對付carry through幫助渡過(難關(guān));完成,實(shí)現(xiàn)(6)come短語come about發(fā)生 come across偶遇come to共計(jì);達(dá)到;蘇醒 come true變?yōu)楝F(xiàn)實(shí)come up走上前;被提出come up with提出c

16、ome into being形成come into use投入使用-22-12(7)cut短語cut down砍倒;削減;壓縮cut in插入;插嘴cut off隔絕;切斷;停止(供應(yīng))cut out刪除cut up切碎(8)die短語die away(聲音、風(fēng)、光線或情緒)逐漸消失die down(風(fēng)、雨、光線)逐漸平息die of死于(疾病、衰老、饑餓等)die from死于(意外事故或不注意的原因)die out滅絕,絕種die off相繼死去-23-12(9)get短語get about四處走動;傳開get across傳達(dá)get away逃脫,設(shè)法離開get down下來;記下get

17、 in收割get off出發(fā);下來;(使)入睡get together聚會get through接通;通過get down to開始認(rèn)真干get over克服get along/on with進(jìn)展;相處-24-12(10)give短語give up放棄give in屈服give out用盡;分發(fā)give away泄露;贈送;頒發(fā)give off發(fā)出give back歸還;使恢復(fù)-25-12(11)go短語go against違背;對不利go ahead開始;進(jìn)展,進(jìn)行g(shù)o after/for追逐;追求go without勉強(qiáng)維持;湊合go in for愛好;參加;從事go through通過;

18、經(jīng)歷go over復(fù)習(xí);仔細(xì)審查go by過去;經(jīng)過-26-12(12)hold短語hold back隱瞞;控制(情感)hold out維持;抵抗hold up使耽擱hold on堅(jiān)持;別掛(電話)hold together團(tuán)結(jié)一致hold on to保留;保住(優(yōu)勢)-27-12(13)keep短語keep away (from)使遠(yuǎn)離keep back扣除;隱瞞不講keep off避開;使不接近keep on繼續(xù)keep out擋在外邊;(警示語)請勿靠近keep up保持;不低落;繼續(xù),持續(xù)keep up with跟上-28-12(14)look短語look about/around/r

19、ound環(huán)顧look after照顧;照看look down upon看不起look forward to盼望look into向里看;調(diào)查look on旁觀look out當(dāng)心;找出;朝外看look over檢查look through瀏覽;溫習(xí);看穿look up向上看;查閱;(形勢)好轉(zhuǎn)look up to尊敬(人,行為)-29-12(15)make短語make up for補(bǔ)償;彌補(bǔ)make out辨認(rèn)出make fun of取笑make up ones mind下定決心make sense有道理(意義),講得通make good/full use of.充分利用make up編造;組

20、成,構(gòu)成;補(bǔ)齊;湊足(16)pick短語pick out挑出;區(qū)別出,分辨出pick up拿起,撿起;收拾;偶然獲得,學(xué)會;接收(節(jié)目);(開車)去接;(順便)捎帶;染上(疾病);有起色,好轉(zhuǎn)-30-12(17)put短語put aside把放在一邊put away把收好put down撲滅;平息put forward提出put off延期;推諉put out撲滅;生產(chǎn)put up掛起,張貼;搭起;為(某人)提供食宿put up with忍受;容忍-31-12(18)set短語set about開始,著手set aside留出;不顧;放到一邊set down停下來讓(乘客)下車;寫下;放下se

21、t off出發(fā);引爆;引起;激發(fā)set out開始;動身set up創(chuàng)建,創(chuàng)立;安裝;豎起-32-12(19)take短語take away拿走;帶走;消除(病痛)take after(性格、外貌)像take down記下;放下;拆除take for granted認(rèn)為理所當(dāng)然take in吸收;收留,收養(yǎng);理解,領(lǐng)會;欺騙take off起飛;脫下;休假;走紅;(事業(yè))騰飛take on呈現(xiàn);雇用take over接管;接任take to開始,喜歡;沉溺于take up拿起;從事;占據(jù)(時(shí)間或空間);繼續(xù)(被中斷的事)-33-12(20)turn短語turn down拒絕;調(diào)低turn in

22、上交turn out結(jié)果是;證明是turn over移交;交給turn up出現(xiàn);調(diào)高turn off關(guān)掉turn on打開turn away走開turn to求助于;翻到-34-122.同一介詞(副詞)與不同的動詞搭配(1)v.+aboutthink about思考care about關(guān)心;對有興趣bring about引起;使發(fā)生come about發(fā)生hear about聽說worry about為擔(dān)心-35-12(2)v.+away throw away扔掉clear away清除掉;消散die away逐漸消失;減弱wash away沖走take away拿走;使消失put away

23、收拾起來;存起來-36-12(3)v.+down break down壞了;垮了;分解turn down調(diào)小;拒絕cut down削減,砍倒slow down慢下來put down記下;寫下;鎮(zhèn)壓tear down拆毀;拆除-37-12(4)v.+for wait for等候stand for代表,表示long for渴望care for關(guān)心;喜歡search for查找look for尋找call for需要,要求hunt for尋找apply for申請seek for尋找-38-12(5)v.+in give in讓步hand in上交bring in引進(jìn);賺得;掙drop in拜訪re

24、sult in導(dǎo)致succeed in在獲得成功join in參加-39-12(6)v.+of think of想到dream of夢到consist of由組成approve of贊成die of死于hear of聽說complain of抱怨-40-12(7)v.+on depend on依靠rely on依靠insist on堅(jiān)持carry on繼續(xù);進(jìn)行keep/go on繼續(xù)spend.on在上花(錢)put on穿上;戴上;上演feed on以為生-41-12(8)v.+out break out爆發(fā)point out指出bring out闡明,使表現(xiàn)出carry out執(zhí)行;進(jìn)行

25、turn out結(jié)果是;生產(chǎn);培養(yǎng)work out算出;想出辦法find out查出;弄明白try out試用;試驗(yàn)look out當(dāng)心;提防-42-12(9)v.+over think over仔細(xì)考慮go over審閱;檢查;研究look over檢查get over克服take over接管;接替-43-12(10)v.+up give up放棄;停止;中止build up建立set up架起;建立put up搭起;安裝;住宿;張貼pick up拾起;學(xué)會;收聽到bring up撫養(yǎng);嘔吐;提出tear up撕碎stay up熬夜eat up吃完make up構(gòu)成;組成cut up切碎h

26、old up耽擱;使停頓-44-一二三四一、根據(jù)句意用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~、副詞填空1.Terry,please look from your cellphone when Grandma is talking to you.2.Ralph W.Emerson would always set new ideas that occurred to him.3.The two countries are going to meet to break some barriers to trade between them.4.Team leaders must ensure that all members

27、 get their natural desire to avoid the embarrassment associated with making mistakes.5.She was tired and wanted to find a bench to sit on for a while,but they were all taken.6.You cant predict everything.Often things dont work as you expect.up down down over up out -45-一二三四7.There are a couple of ma

28、tters with which I want to come today for discussion.8.More and more foreign countries have been looking China as a rising power.9.He has three part-time jobs,which bring about $14,000 a year.10.It is necessary that parents should take the responsibility of helping their children develop legal aware

29、ness.up on in on -46-一二三四二、完成句子1.電梯壞了,我們被困在里面了。The lift and we were trapped inside it.2.如果遇到瑕疵但你還想要這輛自行車的話,就請售貨員降價(jià)。 some faults but you still want the bicycle,ask the shop assistant to reduce the price.3.主席讓我縮短報(bào)告長度,因?yàn)樗幌朐谶@次會議上講太長時(shí)間。The chairman the report,because he didnt want to speak for too long

30、at this meeting.4.盡管他唱歌時(shí)歌詞經(jīng)常不為人理解,他在中國仍然有大批的粉絲。Despite the fact that his words often when he sings,he enjoys a very large number of fans in China.broke down If you come across asked me to cut down fail to get across -47-一二三四5.經(jīng)過幾個小時(shí)的重復(fù),她最終失去了耐心。After hours of repeating,her patience finally .6.沒有啤酒了,

31、酒吧又全關(guān)門了,所以你只能將就著了。There is no beer left and the bars are shut,so youll .7.草地邊緣有一塊牌子,上面寫著“勿踐踏草地”。At the edge of the grass,theres a sign saying “”.8.這對夫妻每個月都存一些錢以備將來使用,盡管他們的收入只能使他們勉強(qiáng)維持生計(jì)。The couple for their future use even though their income can only make ends meet.gave out have to go without Keep o

32、ff the grass set aside some money every month -48-一二三四三、語法填空(2015河北衡水中學(xué)期中)Were you the first or the last child in your family?Or were you a middle or an only child?Some people think 1. matters where you were born in your family.But there are different ideas about what birth order means.Some people s

33、ay that the oldest children,2. are smart and strong-willed,are very likely 3. (succeed).The reason 4. this is simple.Parents have a lot of time for their first child and give him or her a lot of attention.An only child will succeed for 5. same reason.What happens to the 6.(others) children in the family?Middle children dont get so much attention,so they dont feel that i