2019新人教版高中英語(yǔ)選擇性必修一Unit2重點(diǎn)知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納總結(jié)（復(fù)習(xí)必背）

1、2022-2023學(xué)年高二英語(yǔ)同步必備知識(shí)清單（人教版2019）選擇性必修第一冊(cè)Unit 2Part I Reading and Thinking1. phrasen.短語(yǔ)：詞組2. remoteadj,遠(yuǎn)程的；偏遠(yuǎn)的remote control遙控3. automaticadj.自動(dòng)的4. integratevi.&vt.（使）合并；成為一體5. efficientadj.效率高的；有功效的6. moden.模式；方式；風(fēng)格7. routineadj,日常的daily routine日常生活8. instantn.瞬間；片刻，立即的；速食的；速溶的9. obeyvi.&vt.服從；遵守10.

2、 constantadj.不斷的；重復(fù)的；不變的n.常數(shù)；常量11. abnormaladj.不正常的；反常的12. criticaladj.嚴(yán)重的；關(guān)鍵的；批判性的13.cancern.癌癥；毒瘤14. potentiallyadv.潛在地；可能地potentialadj,可能的；潛在的n.潛力；可能性15.leakvi.&vt.漏；滲漏；透露n.漏洞；裂縫；透露16. wiren.機(jī)電線；金屬絲（或線）vt.接通電濾；17. relevantadj有關(guān)的；有意義的18. fantasyn.幻想；想象19. innovationn創(chuàng)新；創(chuàng)造20. neverthelessadv.如此；不然而

3、21. structuren.結(jié)構(gòu)；體系vt.系統(tǒng)安排；精心組織22. securityn.保護(hù)措施；安全工作23. crimen.犯罪活動(dòng)；不法行為將連接到(l)People, however, differ in their opinions on this matter.然而在這個(gè)問(wèn)題上人們的觀點(diǎn)各不相同。(2)Generally speaking, its advantages can be seen as follows.總的來(lái)說(shuō)，它的優(yōu)點(diǎn)如下。(3)But every coin has two sides. The negative aspects are also apparen

4、t.但凡事都有利有弊。消極的方面也是很明顯的。(4)We should take a series of effective measures to cope with the situation.我們應(yīng)該采取一系列有效的措施來(lái)解決這個(gè)處境。結(jié)尾句式(l)As far as Fm concerned, a cashless society has more advantages over disadvantages.就我而言，無(wú)現(xiàn)金社會(huì)利大于弊。(2)Only in this way can we solve this problem.只有用這種方法，我們才能解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題。(3)Its abo

5、ut time that we do something to improve our environment.該是我們?yōu)楦纳骗h(huán)境做些事情的時(shí)候了。(4)Therefore, Pm confident that a bright future is awaiting us.因此，我相信一個(gè)嶄新的未來(lái)正在等待著我們?！緦?shí)踐應(yīng)用】假定你是李華，你班最近組織了一場(chǎng)辯論賽，主題是“cashless society”。請(qǐng)綜合正反兩方的觀 點(diǎn)，陳述自己的看法。贊同理由L方便，快捷2.減少對(duì)紙的浪費(fèi)-反對(duì)理由1.安全性不高2.花費(fèi)易超支你的觀點(diǎn)注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右；2.標(biāo)題已為你寫好，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。Cas

6、hless society, Yes or No【謀篇布局】明確體裁話題辯論賽，表達(dá)觀點(diǎn) 確定時(shí)工人稱一一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、第三人稱為主第一段：引出話題布局文章架構(gòu)-第二段：贊同與反對(duì)的觀點(diǎn)-第三段：你的觀點(diǎn)布局文章架構(gòu)廠1 .電子支付方便，快捷；減 列出核X要點(diǎn)卜少對(duì)紙的浪費(fèi)L2.安全性不高；花費(fèi)易超支【參考范文】Cashless society, Yes or NoE-Pay is becoming increasingly popular recently, making us get access to a cashless society. People, however, differ i

7、n their opinions on this matter.Some of us students think it important to be cashless because people can have a much easier and more comfortable life. Secondly, using the credit card or mobile phone to pay for goods instead of currency can reduce the cost of paper. However, others think very differe

8、ntly. They said this kind of consumption pattern is a threat to ones privacy and wealth. Besides, it is easy for us to pay more than we can afford, so the cashless society is not a necessity.As far as Im concerned, a cashless society has more advantages over disadvantages. Although there are risks a

9、nd different voices, it is worthwhile saying yes to it.persuade vt.勸說(shuō)；說(shuō)服用法：persuade sb. to do sth. = persuade sb. into (doing) sth.說(shuō)服某人做某事persuade sb. (not) to do sth.二 persuade sb. out of (doing) sth.說(shuō)服某人不做某事persuade sb. of. = persuade sb. (that) 使某人信服distant adj.遙遠(yuǎn)的；遠(yuǎn)處的；疏遠(yuǎn)的;心不在焉的用法:be +距離+ distant

10、 from .離(有)遠(yuǎn)轉(zhuǎn)化：distance n.C,U距離；遠(yuǎn)處 in the distance 在遠(yuǎn)處distantly adv.遙遠(yuǎn)地；冷淡地secure adj.安全的；安心的；可靠的；牢固的vt.獲得；拴牢；保護(hù)用法：feel secure about.對(duì)感到安心be secure against/from.沒(méi)有的危險(xiǎn)secure . against.保護(hù)免于受到(危害)轉(zhuǎn)化：insecure adj.不安全的；缺乏信心的securely adv.安全地；安心地；牢固地；有把握地security n.U安全；平安preference n.愛(ài)好；偏愛(ài)用法：have a prefere

11、nce for . 偏愛(ài)in preference to .亡先于；而不是give (a) preference to .給以優(yōu)惠； 優(yōu)待轉(zhuǎn)化：prefer v.更喜歡；喜歡多于preferable adj.更可取的，更適合的command n.指令；命令；控制J vt.命令；控制用法：(be) in command指揮，控制take/have command控制,開(kāi)始指揮under ones command/under the command of 由某人統(tǒng)率/指揮monitor vt.監(jiān)控；監(jiān)督；監(jiān)聽(tīng)n.班長(zhǎng)；調(diào)查員；顯示器；監(jiān)視器warning n.警告;警示;先兆轉(zhuǎn)化：warning

12、adj.警告的；告誡的warn n.&v.警告，告誡；提醒注意detect vt發(fā)現(xiàn);查明轉(zhuǎn)化：detective n.偵探detection n.發(fā)覺(jué),偵測(cè),發(fā)現(xiàn)available adj.可獲得的；可購(gòu)得的；可找到的；(人)有空的用法：be available for sth.可用于be available to do sth.可以做某事be available to/for sb.對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō)是可以獲得的核心詞匯Part II Learning About Language1. artificialadj.人工的；人造的；假的artificial intelligence （AI）人工智能

13、2. cloneV.克隆；以無(wú)性繁殖技術(shù)重制克隆動(dòng)物（或植物）3. occupationn.職業(yè)；占領(lǐng)4. henceadv.因止匕；由此5. forecastvt.&n.預(yù)測(cè)；預(yù)報(bào)6. absencen.不存在：缺乏；缺席7. ceasevt.&vi.（使）停止，終止8. ruraladj.鄉(xiāng)村的；農(nóng)村的9. emphasisVL強(qiáng)調(diào)；重視；重要性10. careern.職業(yè);事業(yè)11. prospectn.可能性；前景12. paragraphn.段落13. essayn.論文14. accurateadj.準(zhǔn)確的15. librariann.圖書(shū)管理員；圖書(shū)館館長(zhǎng)Part II Usin

14、g Language & Assessing Your ProgressI .核心詞匯知識(shí)要點(diǎn)1 combine vt.&近.（使）結(jié)合；混合(教材 Pi6)Care will also be taken to combine the building and surrounding architecture together to form an effective system.也要小心地將這些大樓和周圍的建筑結(jié)合起來(lái)，形成一個(gè)有效的系統(tǒng)。H列 1 She successfully combines her career with family life.她成功地兼顧事業(yè)和家庭。例 2 L

15、et us combine our firms against our competitors.知識(shí)拓展(1 知識(shí)拓展(1 )combine.with/o.(2)combination n.把與結(jié)合起來(lái)把合成結(jié)合；聯(lián)合；化合（物）知識(shí)要點(diǎn)2 predict vt.預(yù)測(cè)；預(yù)言；預(yù)料（教材 Pi8）Words such as predict, prediction, and forecast, are also used quite often when making predictions.像predict, prediction和forecast這樣的詞在進(jìn)行預(yù)測(cè)時(shí)也經(jīng)常使用。彳列 1 I c

16、annot predict when to meet her again.我無(wú)法預(yù)測(cè)什么時(shí)候會(huì)再見(jiàn)到她。例 2 She predicted that he would marry a doctor.她預(yù)言他會(huì)同一位醫(yī)生結(jié)婚。知識(shí)拓展predict+從句預(yù)測(cè)predict + n, +to do.預(yù)測(cè)做It is predicted that.據(jù)預(yù)測(cè)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)3 oppose 反對(duì)；抵抗；阻撓（教材 P2o）In the article, various people said that the public should oppose the idea of developing driverl

17、ess cars.在這篇文章中，很多人說(shuō)公眾應(yīng)該反對(duì)開(kāi)發(fā)無(wú)人駕駛汽車。列 1 The old man cant bear anyone in the family to oppose him.這位老人決不能容忍家里有人違抗他。例 2 We totally oppose the use of gas to kill any animal.我們完全反對(duì)使用毒氣殺害任何動(dòng)物。知識(shí)拓展（l）oppose （doing） sth.=object to （doing） sth.反對(duì)（做）某事（2）opposed adj.反對(duì)的；對(duì)立的be opposed to （doing） sth.= be again

18、st （doing） sth.反對(duì)（做）某事（to為介詞）as opposed to而,相對(duì)于（表示比照）知識(shí)要點(diǎn)4 absence n.不存在；缺乏；缺席（教材 P20）On the one hand, there are many different groups of people around the world who live happily in the absence of new technology.一方面，世界上有許多不同的群體，他們?cè)跊](méi)有新技術(shù)的情況下幸福地生活著。例 1 A major problem is the absence of water.主要的問(wèn)題是缺水。

19、例 2 My father did all the cooking in my mothers absence.以前媽媽不在家時(shí)都是爸爸做飯。知識(shí)拓展（l）absence from.缺席；沒(méi)參加absence of mind心不在焉during/in ones absence（in the absence of sb.）當(dāng)某人缺席/不在的時(shí)候absent adj.缺席的，不在的be absent from缺席，不在absent- minded adj.心不在焉的知識(shí)要點(diǎn)5 advocated.提倡；支持；擁護(hù)提倡者；支持者；擁護(hù)者（教材 P2o）They advocate a simple l

20、ife with an emphasis on hard work, family, and community.他們提倡簡(jiǎn)單的生活，強(qiáng)調(diào)努力工作、家庭和社區(qū)。例 1 I dont advocate doing such things.我不主張干這樣的事情。例 2 These policies have been widely advocated.這些政策已得到廣泛的擁護(hù)。知識(shí)拓展（l）advocate doing sth.主張/提倡做某事advocate+賓語(yǔ)從句（從句謂語(yǔ)用should +動(dòng)詞原形，should可省略）（2）an advocate for/of的支持/擁護(hù)者知識(shí)要點(diǎn)6 ke

21、ep in touch （with）（與）保持聯(lián)系；了解（某課題或領(lǐng)域的情況）（教材 P2（）Moreover, the Internet has made it possible for friends and family to keep in touch easily even if they are on opposite sides of the world.此外，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)使朋友和家人很容易保持聯(lián)系，即使他們?cè)谑澜绲膬啥?。H列 1J Were a tight group, so we do keep in touch.我們關(guān)系很好，所以確實(shí)保持著聯(lián)系。H列 2 We must keep

22、 in touch with what is happening in foreign countries.我們必須了解國(guó)外的動(dòng)態(tài)。知識(shí)拓展get in/into touch with和取得聯(lián)系lose touch with和失去聯(lián)系；對(duì)變得生疏be in touch with同有聯(lián)系；了解的情況be out of touch with同失去聯(lián)系；與沒(méi)有通信 知識(shí)要點(diǎn)7 resist vi.& vt.抵抗；對(duì)抗；抵擋(教材 P2o)Nevertheless, I will always look on the positive side of change and accept it rath

23、er than resist it.然而，我總是會(huì)看到變化積極的一面，接受它，而不是抵抗它。例 1 I was not strong enough to resist his offer. 我不夠堅(jiān)定，抵抗不了他的好意。例 2 Lack of proper nourishment reduces their power to resist disease. 營(yíng)養(yǎng)不良降低了他們抵抗疾病的能力。知識(shí)拓展(l)resist sb./sth.resist doing sth.cant resist/help doing sth.(2)resistance n.(3)resistant 知識(shí)拓展(l)r

24、esist sb./sth.resist doing sth.cant resist/help doing sth.(2)resistance n.(3)resistant adj.be resistant to.抵抗/抵抗某人/某物抵抗做某事情不自禁做某事抗拒，反對(duì)抵抗的，有抵抗力的對(duì)有抵抗力(教材 P20)Probably the most well known are the Amish, a group of Christians living in ruralAmerica.最著名的可能是阿米什人，一群生活在美國(guó)農(nóng)村的基督徒。句式分析：現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)living in rural Am

25、erica作名詞Christians的后置定語(yǔ)。例 1 Barking dogs seldom bite.愛(ài)叫的狗很少咬人。H列 2 The bottle containing the poison was sent to the laboratory.盛毒品的瓶子被送到實(shí)驗(yàn)室。知識(shí)拓展(1)現(xiàn)在分詞(短語(yǔ))作定語(yǔ)與所修飾的名詞之間存在著邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，表示該動(dòng)作 的主動(dòng)和進(jìn)行。(2)單個(gè)現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)，放在所修飾詞的前面，而現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)那么放在所修飾 詞的后面。重點(diǎn)句式2 make it .(for sb.) to do.(教材 P2o)Moreover, the Internet

26、has made it possible for friends and family to keep in touch easily even if they are on opposite sides of the world.此外，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)使朋友和家人很容易保持聯(lián)系，即使他們?cè)谑澜绲膬啥?。句式分析：句?made it possible for friends and family to keep in touch 為make it .(for sb.) to do”結(jié)構(gòu),意為“使(某人)做(某事)成為.”,形容詞possible是賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。例 1 He made it his obje

27、ctive in life to find the island.他把找到那座島嶼當(dāng)成自己的人生目標(biāo)。例 2 Rising costs made it hard to carry on the business.上漲的本錢使得生意難做。知識(shí)拓展在make it.(for sb.) to do結(jié)構(gòu)中,it是形式賓語(yǔ)，to do是真正的賓語(yǔ)。常用這種結(jié) 構(gòu)的動(dòng)詞還有 find, feel, think, consider 等。重點(diǎn)句式3 as引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句(教材 P2o)It has also made finding opportunities in life much easier, as

28、it allows people to make larger networks of friends through using social media.它還讓人們?cè)谏钪袑ふ覚C(jī)會(huì)更容易，因?yàn)樗屓藗兺ㄟ^(guò)使用社交媒體結(jié)交更多的朋 友。句式分析：as引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句，既可放在主句前也可放在主句后。一般來(lái)說(shuō)，as引 導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句表示雙方都知道的原因。例 1 As you werent there I left a message.因?yàn)槟悴辉谀抢?，我留了個(gè)信兒?？诹?2 We decided to cement our garden as we do not like flowers.我們決定

29、把花園鋪上水泥，因?yàn)槲覀儾幌矚g花。知識(shí)拓展引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，意為“當(dāng)時(shí)；一邊一邊；隨著”。(2)引導(dǎo)方式狀語(yǔ)從句，意為“正如；就像”。(3)引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，意為“盡管；雖然。從句應(yīng)倒裝。(4)引導(dǎo)比擬狀語(yǔ)從句，表示“像一樣地”。將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)(The Future Continuous)表示將來(lái)某一時(shí)刻或某一階段內(nèi)將要發(fā)生的動(dòng) 作。將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)由“shaH/will + be動(dòng)詞+現(xiàn)在分詞”構(gòu)成。shall用于第一人稱，will用于各 種人稱。.將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)的構(gòu)成肯定句：主語(yǔ)+ shall/will + be +現(xiàn)在分詞否認(rèn)句：主語(yǔ)+ shall/will + not + be +現(xiàn)在分詞

30、疑問(wèn)句：Shall/Will +主語(yǔ)+ be +現(xiàn)在分詞？疑問(wèn)代詞/疑問(wèn)副詞+ shall/will +主語(yǔ)+ be +現(xiàn)在分詞？.基本用法(1)表示將來(lái)某時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。如：Dont phone him between 5pm and 6pm. Hell be having a meeting then.五點(diǎn)至六點(diǎn)之間不要給他打 ，那時(shí)他在開(kāi)會(huì)。When I get home, my wife will probably be doing cooking.當(dāng)我到家時(shí),我太太可能正在做飯。 (2)表示按計(jì)劃或安排要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。如：The train wont be leaving unti

31、l one oclock. 火車點(diǎn)鐘才開(kāi)。We shall be going to London next week.下周我們要去倫敦。(3)常用來(lái)表示預(yù)計(jì)即將發(fā)生或勢(shì)必要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。如：When shall we be meeting next time?我們下次什么時(shí)候見(jiàn)面？Do come tomorrow! WeUl be expecting you.明天務(wù)必來(lái)，我們要等你的。(4)表示委婉語(yǔ)氣。注意：“w川+ be doing.”這一用法，在將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)里使用頻率在增加。如果要表示純粹的“將來(lái)”概念可采用“will +be doing結(jié)構(gòu)，這種結(jié)構(gòu)通常帶有自然要 發(fā)生的含義，不包括“意愿、

32、意圖”等情態(tài)意義；will + be doing.”結(jié)構(gòu)也可以表示將來(lái)某一 時(shí)刻或時(shí)段里正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。.和一般將來(lái)時(shí)的區(qū)別(1)將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來(lái)某時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作；而一般將來(lái)時(shí)表示將來(lái)某時(shí)將要發(fā)生的動(dòng) 作。如：What will you be doing at seven the day after tomorrow?后天晚上七點(diǎn)會(huì)在做什么呢What will you do at seven the day after tomorrow?后天晚上七點(diǎn)你干什么？(2)將來(lái)進(jìn)行表示已有的安排；而一般將來(lái)時(shí)表示臨時(shí)決定。如：ril go to see him after school.放學(xué)后我去

33、看她。Fil be going to see him after school.放學(xué)后我準(zhǔn)備去看她的。(3)兩者均可表示將來(lái)，但用將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)語(yǔ)氣更委婉，比擬：When will you finish your homework 你什么什候完成作業(yè)？When will you be finishing your homework 你什么什候完成作業(yè)呢？ 有時(shí)將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)那么只是單純地談未來(lái)情況；而一般將來(lái)中的will含有“愿意”的意思。比 較：Mary won91 be paying this bill.不會(huì)由瑪麗來(lái)付錢。(單純談未來(lái)情況)寫有關(guān)未來(lái)科技開(kāi)展利弊的議論文觀點(diǎn)看法類文章的內(nèi)在邏輯關(guān)系十分清晰，它除了考查學(xué)生的英語(yǔ)基礎(chǔ)，還考查學(xué)生的 邏輯能力。具體來(lái)說(shuō)就是上下文的銜接過(guò)渡和文章層次的表達(dá)。其主要特點(diǎn)為：1.觀點(diǎn)鮮明; 2.層次要清楚，過(guò)渡要自然;3.通常采用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí);4.語(yǔ)言簡(jiǎn)潔有力，一般不采用口語(yǔ)。【素材積累】.話題詞匯關(guān)于高科技的詞匯(l)artificial intelligence(AI)(2)driverless cars