2022年考研考博-考博英語(yǔ)-湖南師范大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）試卷號(hào)43

1、住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語(yǔ)-湖南師范大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據(jù)實(shí)際調(diào)整大小）題型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.單選題I _ the meeting yesterday, but some urgent matter prevented me from coming.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.ought to attendB.was about to attendC.was to have attendedD.was to attend【答案】C【解析】考查謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。A選項(xiàng)ought to attend“應(yīng)該參加”；B選項(xiàng)was about to att

2、end“即將參加，正打算參加”；C選項(xiàng)was to have attended“本來(lái)要參加（卻結(jié)果沒(méi)參加）”；D選項(xiàng)was to attend“將要參加（表示預(yù)先安排好的計(jì)劃或約定）”。句意：我本來(lái)打算昨天參加會(huì)議的，但有一件緊急的事阻止我前往。根據(jù)urgent matter prevented me from coming“緊急的事阻止我前往”可知，我原本想?yún)⒓訒?huì)議，C選項(xiàng)was to have attended“本來(lái)要參加（卻結(jié)果沒(méi)參加）”符合題意。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。2.翻譯題The term education can be applied to primitive culture onl

3、y in the sense of enculturation, which is the process of cultural transmission. A primitive person, whose culture is the totality of his universe, has a relatively fixed sense of cultural continuity and timelessness. The model of life is relatively static and absolute, and it is transmitted from on

4、generation to another with little deviation. As for prehistoric education, it can only be inferred from educational practices in surviving primitive cultures. The purpose of primitive education is thus guide children to become good members of their tribe or band.Historically all cultures and societi

5、es have provided some form of “education”, formal and informal. Whether we are discussing informal education of a demonstration variety or the highly ritualized and formal mechanisms of a doctoral program in the United States, all systems of education operate implicitly or explicitly with a set of p

6、edagogical objectives. In a broad sense the overall goals of education, formal and informal, are to transmit the skills, competencies, and values that the specific culture deems necessary to assure the maintenance of the society.【答案】只有從表示文化傳播過(guò)程的文化適應(yīng)的意義上來(lái)看, 教育這一詞才能應(yīng)用于原始文化中。對(duì)于一個(gè)把他自己的文化當(dāng)做他的全部世界的原始人而言,

7、他對(duì)文化連續(xù)性和永恒性有著相對(duì)固定的理解。他的生活方式相對(duì)穩(wěn)定和純粹, 而在代代相傳的過(guò)程中, 這種生活方式也不會(huì)發(fā)生很大的改變。至于史前教育, 它只能從幸存的原始文化中通過(guò)教育實(shí)踐推知。原始教育的目的在于引導(dǎo)孩子成為他們一伙或樂(lè)隊(duì)中的一名優(yōu)秀的成員。從歷史角度上看, 每個(gè)文化和社會(huì)都提供了某種形式的教育, 不管是正式的, 還是非正式的。不管是我們正在討論的非正式教育的示范還是美國(guó)高度儀式化和正式的博士項(xiàng)目機(jī)制, 所有的教育形式都直接或間接地帶有一套教育目的。從廣義上講, 教育的總目的, 正式或非正式的, 是為了傳播特定文化所需的用來(lái)保證社會(huì)群體維持的技能、能力和價(jià)值觀。3.翻譯題商務(wù)印書(shū)館是

8、中國(guó)現(xiàn)代出版史上歷史最悠久的文化出版機(jī)構(gòu)。作為國(guó)內(nèi)外著名的出版機(jī)構(gòu), 它為文化的傳播和新知識(shí)的介紹做出了卓越的貢獻(xiàn)。出版物遍及社會(huì)科學(xué)、自然科學(xué)、應(yīng)用技術(shù)、文學(xué)藝術(shù)、兒童讀物、教科書(shū)、中外語(yǔ)文辭書(shū)、各類雜志和各個(gè)門類專業(yè)的工具書(shū)。商務(wù)印書(shū)館的出版物, 對(duì)我國(guó)思想界、文化界、教育界均有一定的影響。通信衛(wèi)星系統(tǒng)在過(guò)去的幾十年中取得了很大的成功, 已引起了人們對(duì)未來(lái)的廣泛的關(guān)注, 一些國(guó)家正在采用衛(wèi)星來(lái)發(fā)展國(guó)內(nèi)的通信, 以取代傳統(tǒng)的陸地電話線。但是, 衛(wèi)星研制、發(fā)射和運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)的成本很高, 超出了一些國(guó)家的經(jīng)濟(jì)承受能力。盡管如此, 通信衛(wèi)星系統(tǒng)得到了越來(lái)越多的人的重視和支持, 這種技術(shù)會(huì)在未來(lái)更加普及。【

9、答案】The Commercial Press is the oldest cultural publishing house in the history of Chinas contemporary publication. As a well-known publishing house enjoying great prestige both at home and abroad, it has made outstanding contributions to the propagation of culture and the introduction of new knowled

10、ge. Books published by it include various categories of publications relative to social science, nature science, applied science, art and literature, childrens books, textbooks, dictionaries of Chinese and foreign languages, different kinds of magazines and specialized reference books, which have ex

11、erted great influence in the ideological, cultural and educational circles of our country.Communication satellite systems have been quite a success in the past decades, evoking widespread attention to their future. Some countries have been using satellites for domestic communications in place of con

12、ventional telephone lines on land. But satellites development, launching and operation are so costly that some countries cant afford. In spite of all this, communication satellites are gaining attention and support from more and more people. The technique seems likely to be more widely utilized in t

13、he future.4.單選題_ the way, we set of on foot into the dark night.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.The guide ledB.With the guide leadingC.With the guide to leadD.With the guide lead【答案】B【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：在向?qū)У膸ьI(lǐng)下，我們徒步走進(jìn)了黑夜。A選項(xiàng)The guide led放進(jìn)來(lái)題目構(gòu)成兩個(gè)獨(dú)立且完整的句子，語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤。逗號(hào)前是句子的狀語(yǔ)部分，guide和lead是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞形式，B選項(xiàng)With the guide leading正確。C選項(xiàng)W

14、ith the guide to lead不定式形式表目的，D選項(xiàng)With the guide lead過(guò)去分詞形式表被動(dòng)。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。5.單選題Originally designed as work clothes for miners, jeans are now worm by all segments of society, their appeal _ by their comfort and affordability.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.overwhelmedB.corrodedC.complicatedD.broadened【答案】D【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)overwhelm

15、ed“（感情或感覺(jué)）充溢，難以禁受；擊敗，征服”；B選項(xiàng)corroded“腐蝕，侵蝕”；C選項(xiàng)complicated“使復(fù)雜”；D選項(xiàng)broadened“擴(kuò)寬，擴(kuò)大”。句意：牛仔褲最初是為礦工設(shè)計(jì)的工作服，現(xiàn)在受到社會(huì)各階層的追捧，它的吸引力因?yàn)槭孢m和實(shí)惠的特點(diǎn)而_。這里要填的是牛仔褲的吸引力因?yàn)槭孢m和實(shí)惠的特點(diǎn)而怎么樣，D選項(xiàng)broadened“擴(kuò)寬，擴(kuò)大”符合題意，也對(duì)應(yīng)前面牛仔褲受歡迎的特點(diǎn)。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。6.單選題All types of stress study, whether under laboratory or real-life situations, study mec

16、hanisms for increasing the arousal level of the brain.The brain blood flow studies show that reciting the days of the week and months of the year increases blood flow in appreciate areas, whereas problem solving which demands intense concentration of a reasoning type produces much larger changes in

17、the distribution of blood in the brain.Between these basic studies of brain function and real life situations there is still a considerable gap, but reasonable deduction seems possible to try and understand what happens to the brain. Life consists of a series of events which may be related to work o

18、r to our so-called leisure time. Work may be relatively automaticas with typing, for instance. It requires intense concentration and repetition during the learning phase to establish a pattern in the brain. Then the typists fingers automatically move to hit the appropriate keys as she reads the word

19、s on the copy.However, when she gets tired she makes mistakes much more frequently. To overcome this she has to raise her level of arousal and concentration but beyond a certain point the automaticautomaticity is lost and thinking about hitting the keys leads to more mistakes.Other jobs involve inte

20、nse concentration such as holding bottles of wine up to a strong light and turning them upside down to look for particles of dirt falling down. This sounds quite easy but experience teaches that workers can do this for only about thirty minutes before they start making a mistake. This is partly beca

21、use the number of occasions with dirt in the bottle is low and the arousal level, therefore, fallsfails. Scientists have shown that devices to raise arousal level will increase the accuracy of looking for relatively rare events. A recent study of the effect of loss of sleep in young doctors showed t

22、hat in tests involving a challenge to their medical judgment when short of sleep they raised their arousal level and became better at tests of grammatical reasoning as well.1. According to the brain blood follow studies problem solving _.2. The author believes that _.3. When a typist gets tired _.4.

23、 Examining bottles of wine is hard work because _.5. According to the author, a key factor in the ability to reason is _.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.increases blood flow in some areas of the brainB.causes changes in the distribution of blood in the brainC.demands intense concentration of blood in certain areasD.is based

24、 on the ability to recite the time問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)A.the results obtained in the laboratory exactly reflects the real-life situationsB.the gap between the laboratory studies and real-life situations is too large to fill upC.the gap between the laboratory studies and real-life situations can be closed by proper

25、reasoningD.the difference between the laboratory studies and real-life situations will be reduced問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)A.she has to try hard to raise her automaticB.she can type only automaticallyC.she cannot think about what she is doingD.she can seldom type automatically問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)A.the bottles must be held upside downB

26、.it is difficult to see the particles of dirtC.it requires high level of automaticD.most bottles are all right問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)A.the subjects knowledge of grammarB.the amount of sleep the subject has hadC.the level of arousal of the subjectD.the extent to which the subject has been taught to reason【答案】第1題:B第2題:

27、C第3題:D第4題:D第5題:C【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第二段The brain blood flow studies show that.whereas problem solving which demands intense concentration of a reasoning type produces much larger changes in the distribution of blood in the brain.（大腦血液流動(dòng)的研究表明，在解決像推理這樣的高度集中精力的問(wèn)題時(shí)，大腦的血液分布會(huì)發(fā)生更大的變化。），所以B選項(xiàng)“引起大腦血液分布的變化”

28、正確。A選項(xiàng)“增加大腦某些區(qū)域的血流量”對(duì)應(yīng)第二段“背誦一周中的幾天和一年中的幾個(gè)月會(huì)增加相應(yīng)區(qū)域的血流，而在解決像推理這樣的高度集中精力的問(wèn)題時(shí)，大腦的血液分布會(huì)發(fā)生更大的變化”，此處提到增加大腦某些區(qū)域的血流量是背誦一些簡(jiǎn)單的問(wèn)題，而解決問(wèn)題需要高度集中精力，便會(huì)影響大腦的血液分布情況，屬于出處錯(cuò)位；C選項(xiàng)“在某些區(qū)域需要高度集中的血液”，文中提到的是高度集中精力的問(wèn)題，而不是血液，屬于曲解原文；D選項(xiàng)“是基于背誦時(shí)間的能力”文章沒(méi)有提到，屬于無(wú)中生有。2.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第三段開(kāi)頭Between these basic studies of brain function

29、and real life situations there is still a considerable gap, but reasonable deduction seems possible to try and understand what happens to the brain.（在這些關(guān)于大腦功能的基礎(chǔ)研究和現(xiàn)實(shí)生活情況之間仍然有相當(dāng)大的差距，但合理的推斷似乎有可能嘗試和理解大腦發(fā)生了什么。），由此可推斷出作者認(rèn)為雖然實(shí)驗(yàn)室的研究和現(xiàn)實(shí)之間仍有差距，但是通過(guò)合理的推斷，這種差距可以縮小，所以C選項(xiàng)“實(shí)驗(yàn)室研究和現(xiàn)實(shí)生活之間的差距可以通過(guò)適當(dāng)?shù)耐评韥?lái)彌補(bǔ)”正確。A選項(xiàng)“實(shí)驗(yàn)室得

30、到的結(jié)果完全反映了現(xiàn)實(shí)情況”對(duì)應(yīng)第三段開(kāi)頭，這里提到了實(shí)驗(yàn)室研究與現(xiàn)實(shí)生活有很大差距，說(shuō)明其并不能完全反映現(xiàn)實(shí)狀況，所以A選項(xiàng)屬于反向干擾；B選項(xiàng)“實(shí)驗(yàn)室研究和現(xiàn)實(shí)生活之間的差距太大了，無(wú)法填補(bǔ)”對(duì)應(yīng)第三段開(kāi)頭，文章提到了這種差距可以通過(guò)合理的推斷縮小，所以B選項(xiàng)也屬于反向干擾；D選項(xiàng)“實(shí)驗(yàn)室研究和實(shí)際情況之間的差異將減少”對(duì)應(yīng)第三段開(kāi)頭，文章講的是通過(guò)合理的推斷這種差異才會(huì)縮小，該選項(xiàng)并沒(méi)有體現(xiàn)原文的條件，屬于曲解原文。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第三段結(jié)尾Work may be relatively automaticas with typing, for inst

31、ance, it requires intense concentration and repetition during the learning phase to establish a pattern in the brain. Then the typists fingers automatically move to hit the appropriate keys as she reads the words on the copy.（工作可能是相對(duì)自動(dòng)化的，比如打字，在學(xué)習(xí)階段需要高度集中和重復(fù)，在大腦中建立模式。打字員的手指會(huì)自然移動(dòng)，在她閱讀副本上的單詞時(shí)按下相應(yīng)的鍵。）和第

32、四段開(kāi)頭However, when she gets tired she makes mistakes much more frequently. To overcome this she has to raise her level of arousal and concentration but beyond a certain point the automatic is lost and thinking about hitting the keys leads to more mistakes.（然而，她在累的時(shí)候會(huì)更頻繁地犯錯(cuò)。為了克服這個(gè)問(wèn)題，她必須提高自己的興奮和專注水平，但超

33、過(guò)一定程度，自動(dòng)的感覺(jué)就會(huì)消失，一想到要敲擊鍵盤(pán)就會(huì)導(dǎo)致更多的錯(cuò)誤。），由此可推斷出當(dāng)打字的人累了的時(shí)候，她的興奮和專注水平下降，從而導(dǎo)致她的手指不能自動(dòng)移動(dòng)，所以D選項(xiàng)“她很少能自動(dòng)打字”正確。A選項(xiàng)“她必須努力提高她的自動(dòng)化水平”以及C選項(xiàng)“她無(wú)法思考自己在做什么”文章都沒(méi)有提到，屬于無(wú)中生有；B選項(xiàng)“她只能自動(dòng)打字”對(duì)應(yīng)原文第四段，此處說(shuō)到她不能自動(dòng)打字，所以B選項(xiàng)屬于反向干擾。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第五段開(kāi)頭Other jobs involve intense concentration such as holding bottles of wine up

34、 to a strong light and turning them upside down to look for particles of dirt falling down. This sounds quite easy but experience teaches that workers can do this for only about thirty minutes before they start making a mistake. This is partly because the number of occasions with dirt in the bottle

35、is low and the arousal level, therefore, fails.（還有一些工作需要高度集中注意力，比如把酒瓶舉到強(qiáng)光下，然后把酒瓶倒過(guò)來(lái)看有沒(méi)有落下的灰塵顆粒。這聽(tīng)起來(lái)很容易，但經(jīng)驗(yàn)告訴我們，工人們只需要30分鐘就會(huì)犯錯(cuò)誤。這部分是因?yàn)槠孔永镉谢覊m的次數(shù)很低，因此喚醒水平也不高。），由此可推斷出檢查酒瓶這項(xiàng)工作困難的原因是大多數(shù)瓶子都沒(méi)問(wèn)題，所以喚醒水平降低，從而導(dǎo)致人們?nèi)菀壮鲥e(cuò)，D選項(xiàng)“大多數(shù)瓶子都沒(méi)問(wèn)題”正確。A選項(xiàng)“瓶子必須倒置”對(duì)應(yīng)第五段，雖然文章有提到，但是與題干無(wú)關(guān)，屬于出處錯(cuò)位；B選項(xiàng)“泥垢很難被看清”和C選項(xiàng)“它需要高水平的自動(dòng)化”文章沒(méi)有提到，屬

36、于無(wú)中生有。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。5.推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章最后一段結(jié)尾A recent study of the effect of loss of sleep in young doctors showed that in tests involving a challenge to their medical judgment when short of sleep they raised their arousal level and became better at tests of grammatical reasoning as well.（最近一項(xiàng)關(guān)于年輕醫(yī)生睡眠不足影響的

37、研究表明，當(dāng)睡眠不足時(shí)，在涉及挑戰(zhàn)他們醫(yī)學(xué)判斷的測(cè)試中，他們提高了覺(jué)醒水平，在語(yǔ)法推理測(cè)試中也表現(xiàn)得更好。），由此可推斷出推理能力的一個(gè)關(guān)鍵因素是主體的覺(jué)醒水平，所以C選項(xiàng)“主體的覺(jué)醒水平”說(shuō)法正確。A選項(xiàng)“主體的語(yǔ)法知識(shí)”文章沒(méi)有提到，屬于無(wú)中生有；B選項(xiàng)“受試者的睡眠量”對(duì)應(yīng)文章結(jié)尾，雖然有提到，但與題干無(wú)關(guān)，屬于出處錯(cuò)位；D選項(xiàng)“主體被教導(dǎo)去推理的程度”文章沒(méi)有提到，屬于無(wú)中生有。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。7.單選題A violent thunderstorm was（ ）as dark clouds were collecting overhead.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.eminentB.imminen

38、tC.instantaneousD.simultaneous【答案】B【解析】eminent杰出的；imminent即將來(lái)臨的；instantaneous即時(shí)的；simultaneous同時(shí)的。句意：當(dāng)烏云在頭頂聚集時(shí), 一場(chǎng)暴風(fēng)雨即將到來(lái)。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。8.單選題In North America, the first canoes were constructed from logs and（ ）by means of wooden paddles.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.dockedB.propelledC.chokedD.perceived【答案】B【解析】dock使靠碼頭；propel推進(jìn),

39、驅(qū)使；choke阻塞, 抑制；perceive覺(jué)察, 感知。句意：在北美, 最早的獨(dú)木舟是用原木建造的, 并由木槳推動(dòng)前行。選項(xiàng)B符合語(yǔ)境。9.單選題The seller or his agents are not obliged in law to tell you of the defects or true conditions of the house. So, it is important that your own surveyor is sent to make a structural survey of the house after you have made an of

40、fer for in, but before you enter legal commitment.Your surveyors job is to find out all the internal and exterior defects in the house and to indicate to you how much money it will cost to put them right. He will tell you whether the house is worth the price being asked and may suggest a price to ne

41、gotiate with the seller. If he does his job well, he will earn his-fee (which for a straightforward survey of a five-room house is not likely to be less than 50) by providing information which can be used to start negotiations.Many defects are not apparent to the ordinary house buyer but can be dele

42、c1ed detected by the expertthe surveyor. The building society or local authority from which you hope to get a loan will send itsis surveyor too, whose fee you will have to pay. This surveyor makes only a valuation (not a full survey) to see whether the priority is good security for the part of the p

43、urchase price you might be leant. His report is confidential and may not be available to you, though building society may be prepared to tell the purchaser about really major defects following their valuation. They may in fact make it a condition of the mortgage that you will have the defects repair

44、ed within a stated time (at your own expense of course).If you are building a new house, you will also need assurance that the house is properly built and the building will accept the responsibility for any defects that may appear due to poor design, materials or workmanship. If a builder is restric

45、ted with National House-Builders Registration Council, you will know that the house has been spot-check inspected at periodic intervals during buildings. Arbitration machinery and for newly-built house, a 10-year protection against major structural defects, exist should things go wrong and the build

46、er seek to avoid responsibility.If the builder is not registered it will be wise to get a competent surveyor to check the house over during various stages of construction. (He will charge a fee for each visit to the site.)1. What stage in buying a house is a surveyor employed?2. What is the main rea

47、son to employ a surveyor?3. Why does the building society or local authority send is own surveyor?4. The main difference between the surveyors employed by you and the building society is that _.5. The buyer of a new house has to be sure that _.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.After you have inspected the house yourself.B.Sho

48、rtly before you take up residence in the house.C.Before you have any kind of discussion about the price.D.During the early stage of free negotiation.問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)A.To inspect and report on the condition of the house.B.To tell you the true value of the house.C.To assist you in negotiating for a lower price.D

49、.To advise you about carrying out repairs.問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)A.To provide them with information they need in advising the possible buyer.B.To check the report prepared by the buyers surveyor.C.To check what repairs the buyer must carry out before getting a loan.D.To find out whether it will be advisable to lend t

50、he purchase money.問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)A.the second surveyor is not interested in the defects of the houseB.you do not have to pay for the second surveyorC.the second surveyors job is to decide what the house is worthD.the second surveyors job is to find out whether house is fit to live in問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)A.the construction of

51、 the house has been constantly supervisedB.serious constructional faults will be put right during various stages of constructionC.he will have legal protection in the case of a dispute with the builderD.the builder is registered with the National House-Builders Registration Council【答案】第1題:C第2題:B第3題:

52、C第4題:D第5題:B【解析】1.推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第一段So, it is important that your own surveyor is sent to make a structural survey of the house after you have made an offer for it, but before you enter legal commitment.（因此，重要的是，在你提出報(bào)價(jià)后，但在你進(jìn)入法律承諾之前，要派你自己的測(cè)量師對(duì)房子進(jìn)行結(jié)構(gòu)測(cè)量）和第二段Your surveyors job is to find out all the int

53、ernal and exterior defects in the house and to indicate to you how much money it will cost to put them right. He will tell you whether the house is worth the price being asked and may suggest a price to negotiate with the seller.（你的測(cè)量師負(fù)責(zé)找出房子里所有的內(nèi)部和外部缺陷，并告訴你修復(fù)這些缺陷需要多少錢。他會(huì)告訴你房子的價(jià)格是否值得商談。），由此可知測(cè)量師是在你與賣

54、方討論價(jià)格之前為你工作的，所以C選項(xiàng)“在你討論價(jià)格之前”正確。A選項(xiàng)“你自己檢查完房子之后”，文章沒(méi)有提到需要自己檢查房子，且這是測(cè)量師的工作，屬于無(wú)中生有；B選項(xiàng)“在你住進(jìn)這所房子之前不久”以及D選項(xiàng)“在自由談判的早期階段”都與文章事實(shí)不相符，屬于曲解原文。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。2.推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第二段Your surveyors job is to find out all the internal and exterior defects in the house and to indicate to you how much money it will cost to pu

55、t them right. He will tell you whether the house is worth the price being asked and may suggest a price to negotiate with the seller.（你的測(cè)量師負(fù)責(zé)找出房子里所有的內(nèi)部和外部缺陷，并告訴你修復(fù)這些缺陷需要多少錢。他會(huì)告訴你房子的價(jià)格是否值得商談。），由此可知請(qǐng)測(cè)量師的主要原因是為了讓你知道自己房子的價(jià)格是否值得商談，所以B選項(xiàng)“告訴你房子的真正價(jià)值”正確。A選項(xiàng)“檢查并報(bào)告房屋狀況”，此處雖然有提及，但這是測(cè)量師的主要工作，并不是請(qǐng)他的主要原因，屬于張冠李戴；C

56、選項(xiàng)“幫助你談一個(gè)更低的價(jià)格”，此處提到測(cè)量師只會(huì)告訴你房子的價(jià)格是否值得商談，并不會(huì)幫助你談價(jià)，屬于曲解原文；D選項(xiàng)“建議你進(jìn)行修理”，此處提到測(cè)量師只會(huì)告訴你修理房子缺陷的大概費(fèi)用，沒(méi)有提到他們會(huì)建議你修理，屬于無(wú)中生有。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章三段The building society or local authority from which you hope to get a loan will send its surveyor too, whose fee you will have to pay.They may in fact make it a

57、 condition of the mortgage that you will have the defects repaired within a stated time (at your own expense of course).（你希望從那里獲得貸款的房屋互助協(xié)會(huì)或地方當(dāng)局也會(huì)派遣測(cè)量師，你必須支付測(cè)量師的費(fèi)用事實(shí)上，他們可能會(huì)以你在規(guī)定的時(shí)間內(nèi)修復(fù)缺陷作為抵押的條件，當(dāng)然是費(fèi)用自理。），由此可推斷出房屋互助協(xié)會(huì)和地方當(dāng)局請(qǐng)測(cè)量師的原因是為了檢查買方在貸款前需要的維修之處，所以C選項(xiàng)“檢查買方在獲得貸款前必須進(jìn)行的維修”正確。A選項(xiàng)“向他們提供他們?cè)谙驖撛谫I家提供建議時(shí)所需的信息”

58、文章沒(méi)有提到，屬于無(wú)中生有；B選項(xiàng)“檢查買方檢驗(yàn)師準(zhǔn)備的報(bào)告”對(duì)應(yīng)文章第三段，該段中只提到房屋互助協(xié)會(huì)或地方當(dāng)局請(qǐng)的測(cè)量師的最終報(bào)告買方是無(wú)法看到的，并不是說(shuō)他們請(qǐng)測(cè)量師是為了檢查買方檢驗(yàn)師所準(zhǔn)備的報(bào)告，該選項(xiàng)屬于曲解原文；D選項(xiàng)“看看借出購(gòu)買款項(xiàng)是否明智”文章沒(méi)有提及，屬于無(wú)中生有。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第三段The building society or local authority from which you hope to get a loan will send its surveyor too, whose fee you will have to

59、 pay. They may in fact make it a condition of the mortgage that you will have the defects repaired within a stated time (at your own expense of course).（你希望獲得貸款的房屋互助協(xié)會(huì)或地方當(dāng)局也會(huì)派遣測(cè)量師，你必須支付測(cè)量師的費(fèi)用事實(shí)上，他們可能會(huì)以你在規(guī)定的時(shí)間內(nèi)修復(fù)缺陷作為抵押的條件，當(dāng)然，費(fèi)用由你自己承擔(dān)），由此可知房屋互助協(xié)會(huì)雇傭的測(cè)量師是為了測(cè)量房子缺陷，用此作為評(píng)估給你貸款的依據(jù)，如果缺陷重大不宜居住，地方當(dāng)局會(huì)先讓你修復(fù)好，直到房

60、子適宜居住再貸款給你，所以D選項(xiàng)“第二種測(cè)量師的工作是找出房子是否適合居住”正確。A選項(xiàng)“第二種測(cè)量師對(duì)房子的缺陷不感興趣”說(shuō)法錯(cuò)誤，第二段說(shuō)到測(cè)量師的工作就是檢查房子缺陷，該選項(xiàng)屬于反向干擾；B選項(xiàng)“你不必付錢給第二類測(cè)量師”說(shuō)法錯(cuò)誤，第三段提到了“whose fee you will have to pay”，所以該選項(xiàng)也屬于反向干擾；C選項(xiàng)“第二種測(cè)量師的工作是決定房子的價(jià)值”，決定房子價(jià)值的是第一類測(cè)量師，屬于張冠李戴。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。5.推理判斷題。由題干可定位到第四段第一句If you are building a new house, you will also need ass