新世紀(jì)大學(xué)英語(yǔ)課文翻譯ManintheRealmofNature

ManintheRealmofNatureAlexanderSpirkin1realmofnature.TheyareRTHumanbeingsliveintheconstantlysurroundedbyitandinteractwithit.Manisconstantlyawareoftheinfluenceofnatureintheformoftheairhebreathes,thewaterhedrinks,andthefoodheeats.Weareconnectedwithnatureby"blood"tiesandwecannotliveoutsidenature.人在自然界亞歷山大·斯伯金人類(lèi)生活在大自然的王國(guó)里。他們時(shí)刻被大自然所包圍并與之相互影響。人類(lèi)呼吸的空氣、喝下的水和攝入的食品，無(wú)一不令人類(lèi)時(shí)刻感知到大自然的影響。我們與大自然血肉相連，走開(kāi)大自然，我們將無(wú)法生計(jì)。2Manisnotonlya

dweller

innature,healsotransformsit.Humanityconvertsnature'swealthintothemeansofthecultural,historicallifeofsociety.Manhassubduedanddisciplinedelectricityandcompelledittoservetheinterestsofsociety.onlyhasmantransferredvariousspeciesofplantsandanimalstodifferentclimaticconditions,hehasalsochangedtheshapeandclimateofhisenvironmentandtransformedplantsandanimals.

Not人類(lèi)不但生活在大自然之中，同時(shí)也在改變著大自然。人類(lèi)把自然資源轉(zhuǎn)變成各樣文化，社會(huì)歷史的財(cái)富。人類(lèi)投誠(chéng)并控制了電，迫使它為人類(lèi)社會(huì)的利益服務(wù)。人類(lèi)不但把各樣各樣的動(dòng)植物轉(zhuǎn)移到不相同的天氣環(huán)境，也改變了他生活環(huán)境的地貌平和候并使動(dòng)植物因之而發(fā)生轉(zhuǎn)變。3Associetydevelops,mantendstobecomelessdependentonnaturedirectly,whileindirectlyhisdependencegrows.Ourdistantancestorslivedinfearofnature'sdestructiveforces.Veryoftentheywereunabletoobtainthemerestdailynecessities.However,despitetheirimperfecttools,theyworkedtogetherstubbornly,collectively,andwereabletoattainresults.Naturewasalsochangedthroughinteractionwithman.Forestsweredestroyedandtheareaoffarmlandincreased.Naturewithitselementalforceswasregardedassomethinghostiletoman.Theforest,forexample,wassomethingwildandfrighteningandpeopletriedtoforceittoretreat.Thiswasalldoneinthenameofcivilisation,whichmeanttheplaceswheremanhadmadehishome,wheretheearthwascultivated,wheretheforesthadbeencutdown.隨著社會(huì)的發(fā)展，人類(lèi)對(duì)大自然的直接依賴越來(lái)越少，而間接的依賴卻越來(lái)越多。我們遠(yuǎn)古的祖先生活在大自然的威脅及破壞力的害怕之中，他們常常連基本的生活物質(zhì)都無(wú)法獲取。但是，盡管工具不甚齊全，他們卻能同心戮力，堅(jiān)毅工作，并總是有所收獲。在與人類(lèi)的相互作用中，大自然也發(fā)生了改變。森林被破壞了，耕地面積增加了。大自然及其威力被看作是和人類(lèi)敵對(duì)的東西。比方，森林被認(rèn)為是野性的和令人害怕的，因此人類(lèi)便想方想法使其面積減小。這所有都是打著“文明”的旌旗進(jìn)行的，所謂“文明”，就是人類(lèi)在哪里建立家園，耕種土地，哪里的森林就被砍伐。4Butastimegoesonmankindbecomesincreasinglyconcernedwiththequestionofwhereandhowtoobtainirreplaceablenaturalresourcesfortheneedsofproduction.Scienceandman'spracticaltransformingactivitieshavemadehumanityawareoftheenormousgeologicalroleplayedbytheindustrialtransformationoftheearth.但是，隨著歲月的流逝，人類(lèi)越來(lái)越關(guān)注的是在哪處獲取和如何獲取生產(chǎn)所需的不可以取代的自然資源的問(wèn)題。科學(xué)與人類(lèi)改變大自然的實(shí)踐活動(dòng)已經(jīng)令人類(lèi)意識(shí)到了工業(yè)在改變地球的進(jìn)度中對(duì)地質(zhì)產(chǎn)生的重要影響。5

Atpresentthepreviousdynamicbalancebetweenmanandnatureandbetweennatureandsocietyasawhole,hasshownominoussignsofbreakingdown.Theproblemoftheso-calledreplaceableresourcesofthebiospherehasbecomeparticularlyacute.Itisgettingmoreandmoredifficulttosatisfytheneedsofhumanbeingsandsocietyevenforsuchasubstance,forexample,asfreshwater.Theproblemofeliminatingindustrialwasteisalsobecomingincreasinglycomplex.目前，人與自然以及自然與社會(huì)整體之間過(guò)去存在的動(dòng)向平衡，已表現(xiàn)崩潰的跡象。生物圈中所謂可取代資源的問(wèn)題變得極為尖銳。人類(lèi)和社會(huì)的需求，即即是簡(jiǎn)單得像淡水相同的物質(zhì)，也變得越來(lái)越難以滿足。除去工業(yè)廢物的問(wèn)題也變得日益復(fù)雜。6

Modern

technology

isdistinguishedbyaneverincreasingabundanceofproducedandusedsyntheticgoods.Hundredsofthousandsofsyntheticmaterialsarebeingmade.Peopleincreasinglycovertheirbodiesfromheadtofootinnylonandothersynthetic,glitteringfabricsthatareobviouslynotgoodforthem.Youngpeoplemayhardlyfeelthis,andtheypaymoreattentiontoappearancethantohealth.Buttheybecomemoreawareofthisharmfulinfluenceastheygrowolder.現(xiàn)代技術(shù)的特色是生產(chǎn)和使用日益豐富的人工合成產(chǎn)品。人們生產(chǎn)數(shù)不勝數(shù)的人工合成資料。人們?cè)絹?lái)越多地用尼龍和其他人造纖維把自己從頭到腳地包裹起來(lái)，這些燦爛的織物顯然對(duì)他們無(wú)益。年輕人也許很少注意到這一點(diǎn)，他們更關(guān)注的是表面，而不是健康。但是上了年齡此后，他們就會(huì)感覺(jué)到這種有害的影響。7outputofproductionturnsintoRTAstimegoesonthesyntheticwaste,andthensubstancesthatintheiroriginalformwerenotverytoxicaretransformedinthecycleofnaturalprocessesintoaggressiveagents.Todaybothnaturalscientistsandphilosophersareaskingthemselvesthequestion:Isman'sdestructionofthebiosphereinevitable?長(zhǎng)此過(guò)去，這些合成物質(zhì)轉(zhuǎn)變成荒棄物，那些本來(lái)毒性不大的物質(zhì)在自然循環(huán)中變成極其有害的物質(zhì)。自然科學(xué)家和哲學(xué)家此刻都在問(wèn)自己這樣一個(gè)問(wèn)題：人類(lèi)對(duì)生物圈的破壞難道是無(wú)法防備的嗎？close8Theman-naturerelation—thecrisisoftheecologicalsituation—isaglobalproblem.ItssolutionliesinrationalandwiseorganizationofbothproductionitselfandcareforMotherNature,notjustbyindividuals,enterprisesorcountries,butbyallhumanity.Oneofthewaystodealwiththecrisissituationinthe"man-nature"systemistousesuchresourcesassolarenergy,thepowerofwinds,therichesoftheseasandoceansasyetunknownnaturalforcesoftheuniverse.

andother,人與大自然的關(guān)系

——生態(tài)環(huán)境的危機(jī)

——已經(jīng)成為一個(gè)全球性問(wèn)題。這一問(wèn)題的解決之道在于理性而理智地協(xié)調(diào)生產(chǎn)和對(duì)大自然的關(guān)愛(ài)之間的關(guān)系，這不但要依賴個(gè)人、企業(yè)也許某些國(guó)家的力量，而且要依賴全人類(lèi)的力量。解決人與大自然關(guān)系危機(jī)的方法之一，就是使用太陽(yáng)能、風(fēng)能、海洋能等資源，以及其他尚不為人所知的宇宙中的自然能。9Buttoreturntoourtheme,thebittertruthisthatthosehumanactionswhichviolatethelawsofnature,theharmonyofthebiosphere,threatentobringdisasterandthisdisastermayturnouttobeun