2021高考英語北京卷真題試卷含答案

2021年普通髙等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試（北京卷）英語第一部分知識運用(共兩節(jié)，30分)第一節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分)閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意#從每題所給的A、B.C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黒.Recently，Itookatuphomebytiam.Igotaseatoppositeamiddle-agedmanwithsharpeyes,whokept1ayoungwomaninawindowseatwithalittleboyonherlap.The'voman’seyefellontheman’sface，andsheimmediarelylookeddownand又herscarf.Astlienightworeon,peoplebegantoclosetlieiieyes>buttheseatsweresouncoiiifoilabletliatonlyaveiyheavysleepercouldmanagerogetany3_Thewomanlookedoveratthemail.Hewasstillstaiiugatliei\Shelookedbackathimwithfixeiuhereyes.Iwasbegimungtoget_4_ ，too.Thetiammovedon.Thelittleboywas awakeonliismotheiJslap，buttliewomandroppedofftosleep.Amomentlater,hebeganto thehalfopenwindow—nelegwentoverit.ThemanjumpedupandJ一thechildjustbefoiehefellout.Thewokeupthewoman.Sheseemedtobeinandthenrealitydawned (W現(xiàn)).“Youichildhasbeenlookingforailoppoitunitvtoclimboutofthewindow，’’themansaidasliegavethechildbacktoher. “SoIhavebeenwatchingthewholetime-”Thewomanwas,andsowasI.()1.A.guidingB.botheringC.watcluiigD.nioiutormg()2.A.adjustedB.changedC.packedDwaved()3.A.ailB.jovC.spaceD.rest()4.A.nervousB.embarrassedC.angiyD.disappouited()5.A.almostB.stillC.hardlyD.even()6.A.dragB.climbC.knockDpush()7.A.grabbedB.rockedC.touchedD.picked

)8.A.alaimB.quarrel( )9.A.sorrowB.relief( )10.A.astonishedB.confusedC.risk)8.A.alaimB.quarrel( )9.A.sorrowB.relief( )10.A.astonishedB.confusedC.riskC.panicC.concernedD.noiseD.pamD.iuspued第二節(jié)（共10小題：每小題1.5分，共15分〉閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空.在未給提示詞的空臼處僅填寫1個怡當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Whydowedieani?Scientistsaren’tcompletelysuie,andtheyhavediveise (idea).Dreamsmightbeasideeffectofmenioiymaking.Whenyousleep,youibrainsortsthrougheverything」2_ happenedduiiagtheday,tiyingtolinknewexpenencestooldmemories.As itJ3_(connect)things,yourbrainturnsthemintoastory,andyougetadream.B 閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空.在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Sainisanin-real-lifestreamer(播主)，andhelivestreamslumselfjustgoingabouthisday.Whileridinghisbikehomeacoldnight,hecameacrossasad-lookuigelderly womanwandermgthestreetsbylieiself.Thepoolwomanwasn’tabletogivehimanyinformationaboutshelived.Sainwalkedheitoaneaibyconveniencestoresothatshecould 16_ (safe)waitfortliepolicetotakelieihome.c閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空.在未給提示詞的空臼處僅填寫1個怡當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~,在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。There一17一(be)adiainaticuseintlienumbeiofextiemeweathereventsoverthepast20years， 18 (cause)largelybyrisingglobaltempeiatuies.accoidingtoanewreportfiomtheUnitedNations.From2000to2019,therewere7.348majornaturaldisastersaioniidthewoiId. 19 (result)inUSD2,970billionineconomicloss.Muchofthismcieasecanbeduetoclimatechange.Thefindingsshowacriticalneed(mvesr)indisasterprevention. 第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，38分）第一節(jié)（共14小題；每小題2分，共28分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所紿的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該AIfyouareplanningtostartacareerinthefieldofeducation,science,orculture,thenaniiitemslup（實習(xí)）atUNESCOwillbeidealfoiyou.Whocanapply?Youliavecompletedyourfiill-tmieumveisitystudies：or.Youarestudyinginagraduateprogramforamaster’sdegree.Applicantsinteclmicalassigiunentsmusthavereachedthelastyearoftheirstudiesmateclinicalinstitution.Whataretherequirements?Youmustbeatleast20veaisold.Youshouldhaveagoodcommand（卞握）ofeitlieiEnglishoiFrench.Youmustliaveanexcellentknowledgeofoffice-ielatedsoftware.YoushouldbeabletoworkwellinateamandadapttoaninteinationalwoikuigenvHoiunent.Youshouldpossessstronginteipersonalandcommunicationskills.Whatdoyouneedtopiepaie?Visa:Youshouldobtamthenecessaryvisas.Travel：Youmustanaiigeandfinancevouitiaveltoandfiomthelocationwlieieyouwilldovouiinternship.Medicaluisuiance：Youmustshowproofofacomprehensivehealthinsurancevalid（有效的）inthetargetcountiyfortheentireperiodofthemternsliip.UNESCOwillprovidelmuteduisuiancecoverageuptoUSD30.000fortheliiteinshippenod.Medicalcemficate：Youmustprovideamedicalcertificatemdicatmgyouarefittowork.Motivationletter：Youshouldhaveyourmotivationletterreadybeforefillingouttheapplicationform-YouiapplicationwillbeaccessedbyUNESCOmanageisandwillstayinouidatabasefoisixmoinlis.Wedonotrespondtoeverycandidate.Ifselected.youwillbecontactedbyamanager.Ifyoudonotreceiveanyupdatewithinsixmonths，itmeanstliatyouiapplicationhasnotbeensuccessful.( )21.Accoidmgtothispassage,applicantsarerequuedto .holdamaster’sdegreeinsciencehavemtemationalworkexperiencebefluentineitlieiEuglishorFienclipresentaletteifiomateclmicalinstitution()22.WharwillUNESCOprovidefortheinternshipperiod?Linutedmedicalinsuiancecoverage.Trainingmconuiiunicationskills.Amedicalcertificateforwork.Financialsupponfortravel.( )23.Whatshouldapplicantsdobeforefillmgouttheapplicationform?ContactUNESCOmanagers. B.Getaccesstothedatabase.C.Keepamotivationletteiathand. D.Workinateamforsixmonths.BIrememberthedayduringourfirstweekofclasswhenwewereinformedaboutouisemester(學(xué)Jflj)projectofvolunteeringatalion-piofitoigaiiization.Whentheteacheruitioducedustothedifferentorganizationsthatneededourhelp,mylastchoicewasOperationIraqiChildren(OIC).MyfiistunpiessionoftheoigaiiizationwasthatitwasnotgoingtomakeenougliofadifferencewiththeplansIliadmnund.Then，ailOIClepiesentativegaveussomedetailsrwhichsomewhatinterestedme.Afteidomgsomeresearch,Ibelievedthatwecouldreallydosometlimgfbithosekids.WhenIwentonlinetotlieOICwebsite，IsawpicturesoftheIiaqichildieii-Theufacesweresopowerfulinsendingamessageoftlieudespair(絕望)andneedthatIjomedthisprojectwithouthesitation.Wedecidedtocollectasmanyschoolsuppliesaspossible,andmakethemintokits onekit,onechild.Themostrewardingdayforourgroupwasprojectday,whenalltheeffortsweputintocollectmgtlieitemsfiliallycametogether.WhenIsawthevaiioussuppliesweliadcollected，ithitmetliateverykitweweretobuildthatdaywouldevenniallvbeintheliandsofailIraqichild.Overthepastfourmontlis，IhadneveiimaginedliowIwouldfeelonceourprojectwascompleted.Whilemakingthekits，IrealizedthatIhadlostsightofthetinenieaiiuigbehmdit,IhadonlyfocusedonthefactthatitwasanotherschoolprojectandoneIwantedtogetagoodgradeon.Wlienthekitswerecompleted,andreadytobesentoverseas,thewaimfeelingIliadwasoneIwouldneverfoiget.Intliebegnmmg,Idaredmyselftomakeadifferenceindielifeofanotlieiperson.Nowtliatouiprojectisover,IrealizethatIhaveaffectednotonlyonelife,butten.Withouiefforts，tenyoungboysandgulswillnowbeabletofarthertheireducation.( )24.HowdidtlieauthoifeelaboutjoiningtheOICprojectiuthebeginning?Itwouldaffecthis/herinitialplans.Itwouldmvolvetravelingoverseas.Itwouldnotbrmghim/lieragoodgiade.DItwouldnotliveuptohis/herexpectations.( )25.Wliatmainlyhelpeddieauthoichangelus/lieiattitudetowardtheproject?linagesofhaqicluldren. B. Reseaichbyliis/herclassmates.C. Ateacher’sintroduction. D. Arepresentative’sconuneiits.( )26.TheautliofsOICprojectgioupwouldhelptenIiaqichildiento ..becomeOICvolunteers B. furtlieitheireducationC. studyinforeigncountries D. influenceothercliildien( )27.Wliatcanweconcludefromtinspassage?One’spotentialcaiiuotalwaysbeundenated.Firstimpressioncamiotalwaysbetrusted.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.Hewhohesitatesislost.cHundredsofscientists,writersandacademicssoundedawarnmgtohumanityinanopenletterpublishedlastDecembei:Policymakersandtherestofusmustengageopenlywithtlienskofglobalcollapse.Reseaiclieisinmanyareashaveprojectedthewidespreadcollapseas“acrediblescenario(情景)thiscentury”.Asurveyofscientistsfoundrhatextremeweatherevents,foodmsecunty,andfreshwatershortagesnuglitcreateglobalcollapse.Ofcourse,ifyouaieanon-liumanspecies,collapseiswellundenvav.JThecallforpublicengagementwiththeunthinkableisespeciallygeuuaneintlusmoiuentofstill-uncontrolledpandenucandeconomiccrisesmthewoild.smosttecluiologicallvadvancednations.Notveiylongago,itwasalsountlimkablethataviruswouldshutdownnationsandthatsafetynetswouldbeprovensodisastiouslylackingmflexibility.Theinternationalscholars'warningletterdoesn’tsayexactlywhatcollapsewilllooklikeorwhenitliughthappen.Collapseologythestudyofcollapse,ismoreconcernedwithidentifymgtrendsandwiththemthedangersofeverydaycivilization.Amongtliesiguatones（簽署若）ofthewanungwasBobJolinson,theoriginatorofthe“ecologicalfootprint”concept,whichmeasuresthetotalamountofenvuoiiinentalinputneededtomamtamagivenlifestyle.Withtliecunentfootpimtofhumanity，“itseemsthatglobalcollapseiscertaintohappenmsomeform,possiblywithinadecade,certainlywithinthiscentury”Jolinsonsaidinanemail.“Onlyifwediscusstheconsequencesofoiirbiophysicallimits”tlieDecembeiwarninglettersays,“canwehavethehopetoreducetheirspeed,severityandharm”.Andyetmessengersofthecomingdisturbancearelikelytobelgnoied.Weallwanttohopetilingswillturnoutfine.Asapoetwrote，Manisavictimofdope（麻醉品｝

Intheincurableformofhope.Thehundredsofscholarswhosignedrheletteraremrent（執(zhí)著）onquietinghopethatignorespreparedness.“Let'slookdirectlyintotheissueofcollapse，”theysay“anddealwiththetemblepossibilitiesofwhatweseethereromakethebestofatroublingftiture”（ ）28.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“gemiane”inParagraph3probablymean?Scientific. B. Credible.C. Original. D. Relevant.（ ）29.Asfortliepublicawaienessofglobalcollapse,theauthoris .wonied B. puzzledC. siupiised D. scaled（ ）30.Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?Thesignatoriesmaychangethebiophysicallimits.Theauthoragreeswiththemessageofthepoem.Theissueofcollapseisbeingpriontized.Theglobalcollapseiswellundenvay.DEarlyfifth-centuiyplulosoplieiSt.Augustinefamouslywrotethatheknewwliattimewasunlesssomeoneaskedhmi.AlbenEinsteinaddedanotherwrinklewhenhetheorizedthattimevanesdependmgonwhereyoumeasureit.Today'sstate-of1the-aitatomic（原子白勺）clockshaveprovenEmstemriglit.Evenadvancedphysicscan’tdecisivelytelluswhattimeis、becausetheanswerdependsoilthequestionyouYeasking.Forgetabouttimeasanabsolute?Whatif，insteadofconsideringtimeintermsofastionomywerelatedtunetoecology?Wliatifweallowedenvuoiuiientalconditionstosetthetempo（節(jié)奏）ofhumanlife?Wefreincreasinglyawareofthefactthatwecan’tcontrolEanhsystemswithengmeenngalone，audrealizmgthatweneedtomoderate（節(jié)）oiuactionsifwehopetoliveillbalance.Whatifouidefinitionoftunereflectedthat?Recently，Iconceptualizedanewapproachtotunekeepingthat'scoimectedtocucumstancesonourplanet,conditionsthatmiglitchangeasaresultofglobalwarming.We!renowbuildingaclockattheAnchorageMuseumthatreflectsthetotalflowofseveialmajorAlaskanrivers>whicharesensitivetolocalandglobalenvuoiunentalchanges.We’veprogrammeditromatchanatomicclockifthewatenvayscontinuetoflowattlienpresentrate.Iftlieriversninfastermthefiitiiieonaverage,dieclockwillgetaheadofstandardtime.Iftlievrunslower，you'llseetheoppositeeffect.Theclockregisteisbothshoit-tennirregularitiesandlong-termtiendsinriveidynamics.It’sasoilofobservatorythatrevealsliowtheliveisaiebehavingfiomtheiiownteinpoialflame（N間框架），andallowsustowitnessthosechangesoiloursniaitwatches01phones.AnyonewhooptstogoonAlaskaMeanRiveiTunewillliveinliaimonvwiththeplanet.Anyonewhoconsidersnveitiiueinrelationtoatonuctimewillencounteramajorunbalanceandmaybemotivatedtocounteractitbyconsuminglessftielorsupportinggreenerpolicies.Evenifthismethodoftimekeepmgisnovelinitspaiticulais，earlyagriculturalsocietiesalsoconnectedtimetonaturalphenomena.Inpre-ClassicalGreece,forinstance,people“eonected’’officialcalendarsbysliiftingdatesforwardorbackwardtoreflectthechangeofseason.Temporalconnectiontotheenvuomnentwasvitaltotlieirsurvival.Likewise,livertimeandothertunekeepingsystemswe'iedevelopingmayencouiageenviiomnentalawaieness.WhenSt.Augustineadnuttedlusinabilitytodefinetime,heluglilightedoneoftime’smostnoticeablequalities:Tunebecomesmeaiuiigfiilonlyinadefinedcontext.Aiivtimekeepingsystemisvalid，andeachisaspraiseworthyasitspuipose.（ ）31.WhatisthemamideaofPaiagiaph1?Timekeepingisincreasinglyrelatedtonature.Eveiyonecandefinetimeontlieiiownteims.Thequalitiesoftimevarywithhowyoumeasureit.Timeisamajorconceinofplulosoplieisandscientists.( )32.TheauthorraisestlueequestionsinPaiagiapli2mainlyto ?A.presentanassumption B.evaluateanaigiunentC.higliliglitailexperiment D.introduceanappioacli( )33.Wharcanweleanifromtinspassage?Thosewliodonotgoonnveitimewillliveanimbalancedlife-NewwaysofmeasuringtimecanhelptocontrolEarthsystems.Atoimctimewillgetaheadofnveitimeifthenveisrunslower.Modemtechnologymayhelptoshapetherivers’temporalframe.( )34.Whatcanweinferfiomtinspassage?Itiscmcialtoiinpiovethedefinitionoftime.Afixedframewillmaketunemeaningless.Weshouldliveinharmonywithaatuie.Hisroivisamnrorreflectmgreality.第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2分，共10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項 涂黒.選項中有兩項為多余選項.Musichaslongbeenconsideredtobeanenjoyablepastmieformanypeople.35 Thementalhealthbenefitsfiommusiccan'tbeargued.Musiccouldalsobehelpingyouwithmanyotlieihealthproblemsbehindthescenes.36 However,forthesamereason,musiccanbeverybeneficialifoneismpain.Bydistractiug(分'C?)thenundfiomtliepain,music，peoplesay，canlowerstressandanxietylevels.Tlus，ofcourse,canleadtolesspain.Manypeopleenjoyrelaxingmusicintlieeveimigpnoitogoingtobed.37 Whilethevalidityoftheideaisstillbeingassessed,theloweredstresscanevenbetiedbacktobloodpiessuie.Sinulailyaccordingtoleseaicheis,listeningtojust30nuiiutesofsoftmusiceverydaymayhelpwithhealthybloodsugarlevels,throughtheloweringofstressandanxiety.Whenitcomestolieaithealth，tlieieisspeculation(推測J)thatit’snotthestyleofmusic，butratherthetempothatmakesitsogoodforyourheanhealth,hioneEuropeanstudy，pamcipantslistenedtomusicasthereseaiclieismonitoredthenlieaitratesandbloodpressure.38_ Ontheotherhand，whenthemusicslowed，theparticipants'stressandanxietylevelsbecamelowerandtheeffectsoilheartratesappearedtofollowsuit.J59 Butthereisawholexaiigeofotlieihealthissuesthatturninguptheradiocouldbebeneficialfor,wluchiswliatmakesmusicsovaluable.Thisfeelingcanalsoresultinmanyotherhealthpioblems.Someexpertssaythatmusiccanbeharmfillifitistooloud.Thisideaisalittleoff-the-wallbutstillhasscientificbacking.Theysayitcanplayabigroleincalmingthebrainenoughtosleep.Theimplicationsofmusiconoverallwell-beingarereallyunpressive?Itisalsohiglilvpopularduetotheindividualizedeffectsonstressandanxierv.Inteiestmgly，themoreclieeifiilthemusicwas,tliefasterthenlieailrateswere.第三部分書面表達（共兩節(jié)，32分）第一節(jié)（共4小題；第40、41題各2分，第42題3分，第43題5分，共12分）閱讀下面短文,根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答問題。Recentxeseaiclisuggeststhatifanaigunientgetsresolved,tlieemotionalresponsetiedtoitissignificantlyreducedoralmostcompletelyerased.Thus,itmaybewonhbnngmgupissueswithvouifiiends,familymembeis，01classmateslatlieitliaiiholdmgtliemback.Thereisadifferencebetweenarguingandfighting.Aiguingisthatyouandyouiopponentpresentyouiconcernsanddiscusstliefeelingsandissuesrelatedtothoseconceins.Youcaiiengagemanargumentrespectftillywithoutstirringup（激起）anger.Figlirmg,however,usuallymvolvespersonalattacks,raisingofvoices，andstonmngout.Discussingvouiissuesandresolvmgtheminsteadofsniffingthemdowncanimproveyouremotionalhealth,hiastudy，2.000peoplewereaskedtorecordthenfeelingsandexperiencesforeightdaysinalow.Whenpeoplehadanargumenttliattheyconsideredresolved，tlieyhadhalfthereactivity（緒反應(yīng)）ofthosewhoavoidedanaigument.Reactivityisanincreasemnegativeemotions01adecrease111positiveemotions,Inotliei'voids，resolvingaiiaigunientcutsyouinegativefeelmgsbyhalf.Onedaylater，peoplewhohadaresolvedaigunientreportednomcieaseofnegativeemotionscompaiedwiththosewlioavoidedanargument.Thismeansthatresolvinganargumentcanfeellikeyouhavereachedastateoflesolution andyouaielesslikelytobeannoyed.Moreover,theolderyouare,themorelikelyyouwillcometoaresolutionafteranaigunient.Thismaybebecausemorelifeexperienceusuallyleadstomoredefinedpnonties.Youaiemorelikelytodistinguishbetweenwhatmauersandwhatdoesnot.Itiseasiertoavoidadiscussion，butliskingtalkingaboutitmayeventxiallyleadtoabetteioutcome.Accordmgtothispassage,wliatisarguing?Wliyisitthamh