2022年考研考博-考博英語-天津師范大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）試卷號44

住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語-天津師范大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據(jù)實(shí)際調(diào)整大?。╊}型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.單選題

Thegoalofcommunicationisto（

）thoughtsandideasclearlyandeffectivelythroughvariousmodesofcommunication,includingspeakingandwriting,telecommunicationsandothertechnology.

問題1選項

A.promote

B.articulate

C.generate

D.brainstorm

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞辨析。promote意為“促進(jìn)，推進(jìn)”；articulate意為“明確表達(dá)，發(fā)音清晰”；generate意為“形成，造成”；brainstorm意為“具體討論”。

句意：溝通的目的是通過各種交流方式，包括說話和寫作、電信和其他技術(shù)，清晰有效地表達(dá)思想觀念。

2.單選題

WhatyouoverheardthatdaydidhavesomethingtodowithMartin（

）.

問題1選項

A.inaway

B.intheway

C.ontheway

D.outoftheway

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞組辨析。inaway意為“在某種程度上”；intheway意為“妨礙”；ontheway意為“在途中，接近”；outoftheway意為“偏遠(yuǎn)”。句意：你那天無意中聽到的事確實(shí)與馬丁在某種程度上有關(guān)。

3.單選題

（

）theprecisequalitiesoftheheroinliteraryworksmayvaryovertime,basicexemplaryfunctionoftheheroseemstoremainconstant.

問題1選項

A.Whatever

B.Inspiteof

C.Eventhough

D.Regardless

【答案】C

【解析】考查讓步狀語從句。分析句子，可知逗號后面的為主句，逗號前面的從句主謂完整，缺少一個連接副詞連接句子，whatever在句中可作主語與賓語，從句中的謂語動詞mayvary后面不需要接賓語了，因此用Eventhough。inspiteof后面接的是名詞或者動名詞，不跟從句；regardless后面不接句子。

句意：盡管文學(xué)作品中主人公的精湛品質(zhì)可能隨著時間的推移而變化，但英雄的基本模范作用似乎保持不變。

4.單選題

Inmostcasesimpoverishedmothershavesymptomsofanxietybecauseofthe（

）theymustcopewithintheirdailylives,ratherthanbecauseoftruementalhealthissues.

問題1選項

A.adversity

B.substance

C.depletion

D.trauma

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。adversity意為“困境，不幸”；substance意為“物質(zhì)，材料”；depletion意為“消耗，用盡”；trauma意為“創(chuàng)傷”。

句意：在大多數(shù)情況下，貧困的母親有焦慮的癥狀，因?yàn)樗麄儽仨殤?yīng)對日常生活中的不幸，而不是因?yàn)檎嬲男睦斫】祮栴}。

5.單選題

Therealfriendistheonewhocomestothe（

）inyourhourofneed;whoistherewithcomfortinadversityandwhoshareswithyouhisownsuccess.

問題1選項

A.attention

B.stage

C.point

D.rescue

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。attention意為“注意”；stage意為“階段”；point意為“論點(diǎn)，觀點(diǎn)”；rescue意為“救援，營救”。

句意：真正的朋友是在你需要的時候來幫助你，在逆境中給你安慰，與你分享他成功的人。

6.單選題

ChristianscalmJesuswasareal（

）character,butsometodayhavetheirdoubts.

問題1選項

A.historical

B.historic

C.history

D.historian

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。historical意為“歷史的，歷史上的”，指的是和歷史有關(guān)的或是歷史上出現(xiàn)過的人或事；historic意為“有歷史影響的”，指重要的歷史事件；history意為“歷史，歷史學(xué)”；historian意為“歷史學(xué)家”。

句意：基督徒聲稱耶穌是歷史上一個真實(shí)的人物，但今天有些人對此表示懷疑。

7.單選題

Militaryordersare（

）andcannotbedisobeyed.

問題1選項

A.defective

B.submissive

C.alternative

D.imperative

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。defective意為“有缺陷的，不完美的”；submissive意為“順從的”；alternative意為“替代的”；imperative意為“必要的，不可避免的”。

句意：軍事命令是絕對服從的，不能違抗。

8.單選題

Livinginthedesertinvolvesalotofproblems,（

）watershortageistheworst.

問題1選項

A.nottomention

B.ofwhich

C.letalone

D.forwhat

【答案】B

【解析】考查非限制性定語從句。由固定搭配shortageof（缺少）可知此處將介詞of提前，which指代前面句中的problems。

句意：住在沙漠里有很多問題，最嚴(yán)重的問題是缺少水。

9.單選題

Atpresentratesofdemand,theworldhasenoughoilinknownandeconomicallyviablereservestolastformorethan40years,enoughgasformorethan60yearsandenoughcoalformorethan230years.Naturally,demandwillincrease;butsowillreservesascompaniesexploremorewidelyandcostsfall.Since1970viablereservesofoilhavealmostdoubledwhilethoseofgashaveleaptthree-fold.Onedistantdayadifficultsituationwillcome,butasitapproaches,fossil-fuelpriceswillrise,makingalternativeformsofenergy,perhapsincludingnuclearpower,competitive.Thatisnoreasontospendonnuclearrightnow.

Alloilshockisamoreworryingprospectdespitetoday’slowoilpriceandOPEC’spresentinabilitytobudgeitupwards.However,evenifanoilshockisarealdanger,buildingnuclearreactorsisnotagoodwaytoavertit.Ahigheroilpricewouldhavearelativelysmalleffectonthesupplyofelectricity-theonlysortofenergythatnuclearpowercannowprovide.Justoveratenthoftheworld’selectricityisgeneratedfromoil,andtheproportionhassteadilyfallensince1970.Transport,bycontrast,reliesalmostentirelyuponoil,alreadyswallowinghalftheworld’soilsupplyandlikelytotakeanevenlargerchunkinthefuture.Ifthesupplyofoilwerecutofftomorrow,billionsofpeoplewouldfindthemselvesimmobile.Relativelyfewwouldbewithoutelectricity.

Thecongestionandpollutionareseriousproblems,andtheycouldtrytorestrictthegrowthofcaruse,orpromotecarswhichuselessfuel.Forgovernmentskeentoreduceelectricity’sdependenceonoilstillfurther,thereareusuallycheaperalternativestonuclear,suchascoalorhydropower.

Climatechangeisalegitimateworry.Althoughstillriddledwithuncertainties,thescienceofclimatechangeisbecomingfirmer:puttoomuchcarbonintheatmosphereandyoumightendupcookingtheearth,withpossiblecatastrophicresults.Buthereagainswitchingimmediatelytonuclearpowerisnotthebestresponse.Cuttingthelargersubsidiesthatgototheworld’scoalproducerswouldhelptilttheworld’senergybalancetowardsnaturalgas,whichgivesoffmuchlesscarbondioxide.Developingcountriessubsidizeelectricitypricesupto$120billionayear,accordingtoWorldBankestimates.Ifpricereflectedthetruecostsofgeneration,electricitydemandwouldfall,thus,cuttinggreenhouseemissions.

1.Whatisthemainideaofthefirstparagraph?

2.WhichofthefollowingwouldNOTbetrueifanoilshockcamesoon?

3.WhatisNOTmentionedasawaytoprepareforanoilshock?

4.Whatismeantby“cookingtheearth”?

5.Whatisthemainaimofthepassage?

問題1選項

A.Oil,gasandcoalplayanimportantroleinenergysupply.

B.Themorereserves,thegreaterdemandthereisforenergy.

C.Thereisnopointinbotheringaboutnuclearpoweratpresent.

D.Someotherformsofenergywillreplacefossilfuelssomeday.

問題2選項

A.Itwouldn’taffectmuchofthesupplyofelectricity.

B.Itwouldhavegreatimpactontransport.

C.Theworldwouldbebadlyinneedofnuclearplants.

D.Oilpricewouldgoupwards.

問題3選項

A.Exploitingnuclearenergyinstead.

B.Promotingcarswhichconsumelessfuel.

C.Buildingupstockofoilforfutureconsumption.

D.Usingcoalorhydropower.

問題4選項

A.Theearthisgettingwannerasiffueledbycarbondioxidedischargers.

B.Owingtothechangeofclimate,therewillbelessoilreserves

C.Thepowerplantemitstoomuchsmokeandfume.

D.Automobileexhaustsgiveofftoomuchcarbondioxide.

問題5選項

A.Torejecttheideaofturningtonuclearreactorsforenergy.

B.Todemonstratethattherearealternativeformsofenergy.

C.Todefendoilconsumptionfromtheblameforgreenhouseeffect.

D.Towarnpeopleoftheinevitableexhaustionoffossilfuels.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】第1題:主旨大意題。由文章第一段中Naturally,demandwillincrease;butsowillreservesascompaniesexploremorewidelyandcostsfall.可知需求增多，儲存隨著增多，與B選項表達(dá)表述相反；C、D選項在第一段中雖有提及，但都只是一筆帶過，因此A選項“石油、天然氣和煤炭在能源供應(yīng)中發(fā)揮著重要作用”是本段的主旨。

第2題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第二段中However,evenifanoilshockisarealdanger,buildingnuclearreactorsisnotagoodwaytoavertit.（然而，即使石油沖擊是真正的危險，建造核反應(yīng)堆并不是避免它的好方法）可知選C。

第3題:由文章第二段中buildingnuclearreactorsisnotagoodwaytoavertit可知與A選項相符（雖然不是一種好的方法，但也屬于一種方法）；第三段中promotecarswhichuselessfuel可知B選項相符；第三段中thereareusuallycheaperalternativestonuclear,suchascoalorhydropower與D選項相符。通過排除法，選C，只有C選項沒有在文章中提及。

第4題:詞義題。由文章第四段中puttoomuchcarbonintheatmosphereandyoumightendupcookingtheearth,withpossiblecatastrophicresults（在大氣中放太多的碳，你可能最終會……可能會造成災(zāi)難性的后果）的句意，可知A選項“地球變得越來越暖，好像被二氧化碳排放的燃料點(diǎn)燃”最為恰當(dāng)。

第5題:主旨大意題。文章第一段主要講了石油、天然氣和煤炭在能源供應(yīng)中發(fā)揮著重要作用；第二段主要講了石油的重要性及影響，提出了建造核反應(yīng)堆應(yīng)對石油危機(jī)的想法，因此排除A；第三段主要講了減少擁堵和污染的方法，以及更便宜的核能替代品；最后一段主要講了應(yīng)對氣候變化最好的方式是向天然氣轉(zhuǎn)變，因此B選項符合題意。

10.單選題

Ican’treadthemarksandnotesJimmadeinthemargin.Theyaretoo（

）.

問題1選項

A.faint

B.foggy

C.transparent

D.misty

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。faint意為“微弱的，模糊的”；foggy意為“有霧的”；transparent意為“透明的”；misty意為“多霧的”。

句意：我看不清吉姆在空白處做的記號和筆記。

11.單選題

Manyinthebusinessworldacceptthatthesuccessofacommercialventureheavilydependentonthepeopleworkingwithinit.Peopleare（1）makeabusinesssuccessful,whetheritisthelowestpaidemployeeswithintheorganizationor（2）management.Engagedemployeesareusuallyhappyemployeeswhoaremore（3）astheyhaveanaturalandgenuineinterestinthe（4）oftheorganization.

Staffbecomesengagedbecauseofanumberofissuesanditisessentialthatbusinessownersandmanagers（5）theseemotions.However,thefirstpartofensuringthatpeopleareconnectedwithacommongoalistogetrecruitment

（6）.Recruitingshouldincludeanumberofquestions（7）atgettinganunderstandingofaperson'smotivationsanddesires.Oncerecruited,communicationiskeytoensuringthatlevelsofengagementdonotwane.Forinstance,changeisoften（8）withworkers.Howevertheyarefarmorelikelyto（9）intochangewhenthereasonsforitandthepotentialbenefitsareclearlylaidout.

Instillingasenseofprideandpassioninabrand,productorethosisvitalin（10）engagedemployees.Ifpeopleenjoywhattheydoandfeelempoweredtoshapethedirectionofacompany,theyarefarmorelikelytoproducebetterresultsandworktothebestoftheirability.

問題1選項

A.who

B.how

C.that

D.what

問題2選項

A.senior

B.chief

C.high

D.tall

問題3選項

A.productive

B.effective

C.valid

D.available

問題4選項

A.estates

B.assets

C.fortunes

D.possessions

問題5選項

A.apply

B.utilize

C.execute

D.hire

問題6選項

A.well

B.over

C.right

D.up

問題7選項

A.aimed

B.focused

C.intended

D.engaged

問題8選項

A.addictive

B.unpopular

C.satisfying

D.rewarding

問題9選項

A.shift

B.fall

C.buy

D.revolve

問題10選項

A.bearing

B.raising

C.feeding

D.delivering

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:B

第6題:C

第7題:A

第8題:B

第9題:A

第10題:B

【解析】第1題:考查連詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，可知“（）makeabusinesssuccessful”為表語從句，從句中缺少主語，排除how與that，再根據(jù)句意“人是使企業(yè)成功的關(guān)鍵”，因此用what引導(dǎo)表示從句并在句中做主語。

第2題:考查上下文語義。or表示并列關(guān)系，由前面的thelowestpaidemployeeswithintheorganization（組織內(nèi)薪酬最低的員工）可知此處對應(yīng)的是“高級管理層”，因此選A。

第3題:考查形容詞辨析。productive意為“多產(chǎn)的”；effective意為“有效的”；valid意為“有根據(jù)的，有效的”；available意為“可獲得的”。此處表示有參與感的員工通常是多產(chǎn)的。

第4題:考查名詞辨析。estate意為“財產(chǎn)，遺產(chǎn)”；asset意為“資產(chǎn)，財產(chǎn)”；fortune意為“命運(yùn)”；possession意為“擁有”。此處表示關(guān)注組織的命運(yùn)。

第5題:考查動詞辨析。apply意為“應(yīng)用，運(yùn)用”；utilize意為“利用，使用”；execute意為“執(zhí)行”；hire意為“聘用”。此處表示企業(yè)主和管理者必須利用這些情緒。

第6題:考查副詞辨析。well意為“相當(dāng)，大大地”；over意為“穿過，落下”；right意為“合理地，正確地”；up意為“向上，在上面”；getrecruitment意為“招聘”，后面的內(nèi)容提到如何招聘，可推測此處指正確地招聘，因此選C。

第7題:考查固定搭配。aimat意為“旨在，目標(biāo)在于”。此句表示招聘應(yīng)包括一些問題旨在了解一個人的動機(jī)和愿望。

第8題:考查上下文語義。beunpopularwith意為“不受歡迎”，此處表示改變往往不受員工歡迎。

第9題:考查動詞辨析。shift意為“改變”；fall意為“落下”；buy意為“購買”；revolve意為“旋轉(zhuǎn)，環(huán)繞”。此處表示當(dāng)明確說明其原因和潛在利益時，他們更有可能發(fā)生改變。

第10題:考查上下文語義。bear意為“忍受”；raise意為“增加，提高”；feed意為“喂養(yǎng)”；deliver意為“發(fā)表，遞送”。由后面的producebetterresultsandworktothebestoftheirability（獲得更好的結(jié)果，并能最大限度地發(fā)揮他們的能力）可推測前面指提高員工的參與度，因此選B。

12.單選題

Huntingforajoblatelastyear,lawyerGantRedmonstumbledacrossCareerBuilder,ajobdatabaseontheInternet.Hesearcheditwithnosuccessbutwasattractedbythesite's“personalsearchagent”.It'saninteractivefeaturethatletsvisitorskeyinjobcriteriasuchaslocation,title,andsalarythenE-mailsthemwhenamatchingpositionispostedinthedatabase.Redmonchosethekeywordslegal,intellectualproperty,andWashington,D,C.Threeweekslater,hegothisfirstnotificationofanopening."IstruckgoldsaysRedmon,whoe-mailedhisresumetotheemployerandwonapositionasin-housecounselforacompany.

Withthousandsofcareer-relatedsitesontheInternet,findingpromisingopeningscanbetime-consumingandinefficient,Searchagentsreducetheneedforrepeatedvisitstothedatabases.ButalthoughasearchagentworkedforRedmon,careerexpertsseedrawbacks.Narrowingyourcriteria,forexample,mayworkagainstyou:Everytimeyouansweraquestionyoueliminateapossibility,saysoneexpert.

Foranyjobsearch,youshouldstartwithanarrowconceptwhatyouthinkyouwanttodo-thenbroadenit."Noneoftheseprogramsdothatsaysanotherexpert."there'snocareercounselingimplicitinallofthis."Instead,thebeststrategyistousetheagentasakindoftipservicetokeepabreastofjobsinaparticulardatabase,whenyougete-mail,consideritaremindertocheckthedatabaseagain."Iwouldnotrelyonagentsforfindingeverythingthatisaddedtoadatabasethatmightinterestme,saystheauthorofajob-searchingguide.

Somesitesdesigntheiragentstotemptjobhunterstoreturn.WhenCareerSite'sagentsendsoutmessagestothosewhohavesignedupforitsservice,forexample,itincludesonlythreepotentialjobsthoseitconsidersthebestmatches.Theremaybemorematchesinthedatabase;jobhunterswillhavetovisitthesiteagaintofindthemandtheydo."Onthedayafterwesendourmessages,weseeasharpincreaseinourtraffic,saysSethPeets,vicepresidentofmarketingforCareerSite.Eventhosewhoaren’thuntingforjobsmayfindsearchagentsworthwhile.Someusethemtokeepaclosewatchonthedemandfortheirlineofworkorgatherinformationoncompensationtoarmthemselveswhennegotiatingforaraise.Althoughhappilyemployed,RedmonmaintainshisagentatCareerBuilder,"Youalwayskeepyoureyesopen,hesays.Workingwithapersonalsearchagentmeanshavinganothersetofeyeslookingoutforyou.

1.HowdidRedmonfindhisjob?

2.Whichofthefollowingcanbeadisadvantageofsearchagents?

3.Theexpression"tipservice"(Line4,Paragraph3)mostprobablymeans（

）.

4.WhydoesCareerSite'sagentoffereachjobhunteronlythreejoboptions?

5.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothetext?

問題1選項

A.Bysearchingopeningsinajobdatabase.

B.Bypostingamatchingpositioninadatabase.

C.Byusingaspecialserviceofadatabase.

D.Bye-mailinghisresumetoadatabase.

問題2選項

A.Lackofcounseling.

B.Limitednumberofvisits.

C.Lowerefficiency.

D.Fewersuccessfulmatches.

問題3選項

A.advisory

B.compensation

C.interaction

D.reminder

問題4選項

A.Tofocusonbetterjobmatches.

B.Toattractmorereturningvisits.

C.Toreservespaceformoremessages.

D.Toincreasetherateofsuccess.

問題5選項

A.Personalsearchagentsareindispensabletojob-hunters.

B.Somesiteskeepe-mailingjobseekerstotracetheirdemands.

C.Personalsearchagentsarealsohelpfultothosealreadyemployed.

D.Someagentsstopsendinginformationtopeopleoncetheyareemployed.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】第1題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第一段中ajobdatabaseontheInternet...“personalsearchagent”.It'saninteractivefeaturethatletsvisitorskeyinjobcriteriasuchaslocation,title,andsalarythenE-mailsthemwhenamatchingpositionispostedinthedatabase.可知Redmon是通過使用數(shù)據(jù)庫的特殊服務(wù)找到工作的，因此選C。

第2題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第三段中there'snocareercounselingimplicitinallofthis（所有這些都沒有隱含的職業(yè)咨詢）可知選A。

第3題:詞義題。advisory意為“咨詢，勸告”；compensation意為“補(bǔ)償，賠償”；interaction意為“互動”；reminder意為“提示”。由文章第四段中Instead,thebeststrategyistousetheagentasakindoftipservicetokeepabreastofjobsinaparticulardatabase,whenyougete-mail,consideritaremindertocheckthedatabaseagain.（相反，最好的策略是使用代理作為一種“tipservice”，以隨時了解特定數(shù)據(jù)庫中的工作，當(dāng)你收到電子郵件時，把它當(dāng)成一個提示，該再次檢查數(shù)據(jù)庫了）可知D選項符合題意。

第4題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章最后一段中Somesitesdesigntheiragentstotemptjobhunterstoreturn.（一些網(wǎng)站設(shè)計他們的代理來吸引求職者返回）WhenCareerSite'sagentsendsoutmessagestothosewhohavesignedupforitsservice,forexample,itincludesonlythreepotentialjobsthoseitconsidersthebestmatches.可知選B。

第5題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章最后一段中Eventhosewhoaren’thuntingforjobsmayfindsearchagentsworthwhile.Someusethemtokeepaclosewatchonthedemandfortheirlineofworkorgatherinformationoncompensationtoarmthemselveswhennegotiatingforaraise.Althoughhappilyemployed.可知非求職人員可以利用搜索代理來關(guān)注對他們工作崗位的需求以及薪資，這對他們也是有用的，因此選C。

13.單選題

Letchildrenlearntojudgetheirownwork.Achildlearningtotalkdoesnotlearnbybeingcorrectedallthetimeifcorrectedtoomuch,hewillstoptalking.Henoticesathousandtimesadaythedifferencebetweenthelanguageheusesandthelanguagethosearoundhimuse.Bitbybit,hemakesthenecessarychangestomakehislanguagelikeotherpeople’s.Inthesameway,whenchildrenlearntodoalltheotherthingstheylearntodowithoutbeingtaughttowalk,run,climb,whistle,rideabicycle—comparethoseperformanceswiththoseofmoreskilledpeople,andslowlymaketheneededchanges.Butinschoolwenevergiveachildachancetofindouthisownmistakesforhimself,letalonecorrectthem.Wedoitallforhim.Weactasifwethoughtthathewouldnevernoticeamistakeunlessitwaspointedouttohimorcorrectitunlesshewasmadeto.Soonhebecomesdependentontheteacher.Lethimdoithimself.Lethimworkout,withthehelpofotherchildrenifhewantsit,whatthiswordsays,whatansweristothatproblem,whetherthisisagoodwayofsayingordoingthisornot.

Ifitisamatterofrightanswers,asitmaybeinmathematicsorscience,givehimtheanswerbook.Lethimcorrecthisownpapers.Whyshouldweteacherswastetimeonsuchroutinework?Ourjobshouldbetohelpthechildwhenhetellsusthathecan’tfindthewaytogettherightanswer.Let'sendthisnonsenseofgrades,exams,marks.Letusthrowthemallout,andletthechildrenlearnwhatalleducatedpersonsmustsomedaylearn,howtomeasuretheirownunderstanding,howtoknowwhattheyknowordonotknow.

Letthemgetonwiththisjobinthewaythatseemsmostsensibletothem,withourhelpasschoolteachersiftheyaskforit.Theideathatthereisabodyofknowledgetobelearntatschoolandusedfortherestofone’slifeisnonsenseinaworldascomplicatedandrapidlychangingasours.Anxiousparentsandteacherssay,"Butsupposetheyfailtolearnsomethingessentialsomethingtheywillneedtogetintheworld?Don'tworry!Ifitisessentialtheywillgooutintotheworldandlearnit.

1.Whatdoestheauthorthinkisthebestwayforchildrentolearnthings?

2.Thepassagesuggeststhatlearningtospeakandlearningtorideabicycleare（

）.

3.Accordingtothepassage,theauthorthinksteachersinschoolshould

（

）.

4.Theauthorbelievestheteachersroleinchildren’slearningshouldbe

（

）.

5.Thetitleofthispassagecouldprobablybe（

）.

問題1選項

A.Byimitatingwhatotherpeopledo.

B.Bymakingmistakesandhavingthemcorrected.

C.Bylisteningtoexplanationsfromskilledpeople.

D.Byaskingagreatmanyquestions.

問題2選項

A.notreallyimportantskills

B.moreimportantthanotherskills

C.basicallythesameaslearningotherskills

D.basicallydifferentfromlearningadultskills

問題3選項

A.allowchildrentolearnbyhimselforherself

B.pointoutchildren’smistakeswheneverthey'refound

C.correctchildren’smistakesassoonaspossible

D.givechildrenmorebookknowledge

問題4選項

A.theidentifierandcorrectoroftheirerrors

B.theirhelperandguide

C.thepersontogradetheirperformanceandgivefeedbacks

D.thepersontopassonsomethingessentialtothem

問題5選項

A.LetTeachersStopWork

B.LetUsMakeChildrenLearn

C.LetChildrenCorrectTheirOwnPapers

D.LetChildrenLearnbyThemselves

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】第1題:推理判斷題。由文章第一段中Henoticesathousandtimesadaythedifferencebetweenthelanguageheusesandthelanguagethosearoundheinuse.Bitbybit,hemakesthenecessarychangestomakehislanguagelikeotherpeople’s.（他每天都注意到他所使用的語言和他周圍的使用的語言之間的差異。一點(diǎn)一點(diǎn)地，他做了必要的改變，使他的語言像其他人的一樣）可知作者認(rèn)為孩子可以通過模仿他人學(xué)習(xí)東西，因此選A。

第2題:事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。由文章第一段中Inthesameway（以同樣的方式）,whenchildrenlearntodoalltheotherthingstheylearntodowithoutbeingtaughttowalk,run,climb,whistle,rideabicycle可知選C。

第3題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第一段中Lethimdoithimself.Lethimworkout,withthehelpofotherchildrenifhewantsit,whatthiswordsays,whatansweristothatproblem,whetherthisisagoodwayofsayingordoingthisornot.可知作者認(rèn)為教師應(yīng)該允許孩子自己學(xué)習(xí)，因此選A。

第4題:推理判斷題。由文章第二段中Ourjobshouldbetohelpthechildwhenhetellsusthathecan’tfindthewaytogettherightanswer.（當(dāng)孩子告訴我們他找不到正確答案的時候，我們的工作應(yīng)該是幫助他）可推測教師的角色應(yīng)該是學(xué)生的幫助者與指導(dǎo)者。

第5題:主旨大意題。文章主要講述了學(xué)生應(yīng)該自己學(xué)習(xí)，而不是被糾正與灌輸式的學(xué)習(xí)，教師起幫助與指導(dǎo)的作用，因此選D。

14.單選題

（

）foryourhelp,we’dneverhavebeenabletogetoverthedifficulties.

問題1選項

A.Haditnot

B.Ifitwerenot

C.Haditnotbeen

D.Ifwehadnotbeen

【答案】C

【解析】考查虛擬語氣倒裝。當(dāng)虛擬條件句的謂語動詞含有were、should、had時，if可省略，而將were、should、had等詞置于句首，構(gòu)成倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。

句意：如果沒有你的幫助，我們永遠(yuǎn)也無法克服這些困難。

15.單選題

Wehopethestudentswould（

）theinformationcontainedinthelecture.

問題1選項

A.associate

B.understand

C.assimilate

D.assess

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞辨析。associate意為“聯(lián)系”；understand意為“理解”；assimilate意為“吸收，消化”；assess意為“評定”。

句意：我們希望學(xué)生們能掌握講座中保護(hù)的信息。

16.單選題

Thedoctorsdon’t（

）thatthepatientwilllivemuchlonger.

問題1選項

A.entail

B.manifest

C.articulate

D.anticipate

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞辨析。entail意為“牽涉，需要”；manifest意為“顯示，表明”；articulate意為“口齒清楚，清晰發(fā)(音)”；anticipate意為“預(yù)料，預(yù)期”。

句意：醫(yī)生們預(yù)計病人活不了多久了。

17.單選題

Studentshaveto（

）totherulesandregulationsoftheschool.

問題1選項

A.confirm

B.confront

C.confine

D.conform

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞辨析。confirm意為“確認(rèn)”；confront意為“面對”；confine意為“限制”；conform意為“遵守，符合”。句意：學(xué)生必須遵守學(xué)校的規(guī)章制度。

18.單選題

Thereisnothinglikethesuggestionofacancerrisktoscareaparent,especiallyoneoftheover-educated,eco-conscioustypes.SoyoucanimaginethereactionwhenarecentUSATodayinvestigationofairqualityaroundthecanon’sschoolssingledoutthoseinthesmuglygreenvillageofBerkeley,Calif,asbeingamongtheworstinthecountry.Thecity’spublichighschool,aswellasanumberofdaycarecenter,preschools,elementaryandmiddleschools,fellinthelowest10%.Industrialpollutioninourtownhadsupposedlyturnedstudentsintolivingscienceexperimentbreathinginalaboratory’sworthofheavymetalslikemanganese,chromiumandnickeleachday.Thisisinacitythatrequiresschoolcafeteriastoserveorganicmeals.Great,Ithought,organiclunch,toxiccampus.

SinceDecember,whenthereportcameout,themayor,neighborhoodactivistsandvariousparent-teacherassociationshaveengagedinafiercebattleoveritsvalidity,overtheguiltofthesteed-castingfactoryonthewesternedgeoftown,overunionjobsversuschildren’shealthandoverwhat,ifanything,oughttobedone.Withallsidespresentingtheirownexpertsarmedwithconflictingscientificstudies,whomshouldparentsbelieve?Istheretrulyathreathere?Weasksoneanotheraswedroppedoffourkids,andifso,howgreatitis?Andhowdoesitcomparewiththeother,seeminglyperpetualhealthscaresweconfront,likepanicoverleadinsyntheticathleticfields?Ratherthanjustanotherweirdepisodeinthetownthatbroughtyouprotestingenvironmentalists,thislatestdramaisatrialforhowtoday’sparentsperceiverisk,howwetrytokeepourkidssafe---whetherit’spossibletokeepthemsafe---inwhatfeelslikeanincreasinglythreateningworld.Itraisesthequestionofwhat,inourtime,“safe”couldevenmean.

“There’snowayaroundtheuncertainty”，saysKimberlyThompson,presidentofKidRisk,anonprofitgroupthatstudieschildren’shealth.“Thatmeansyourchoicescanmatter,butitalsomeansyouaren’tgoingtoknowiftheydo.”A2004reportinthejournalPediatricsexplainedthatnervousparentshavemoretofearfromfire,caraccidentsanddrowningthanfromtoxicchemicalexposure.TowhichIsay:Well,obviously.Butsuchconcretehazardsarebesidethepoint.It'sthedangersparentscan’t---andmaynever-quantifythatoccurallofsudden.That’swhyI’veridmycupboardofmicrowavefoodpackedinbagscoatedwithapotentialcancer-causingsubstance,butalthoughI’velivedblocksfromamajorfaultlineformorethan12years,Istillhaven’tboltedourbookcasestothelivingroomwall.

1.WhatdoesarecentinvestigationbyUSATodayreveal?

2.WhatresponsedidUASToday’sreportdraw?

3.Howdidparentsfeelinthefaceoftheexperts'studies?

4.Whatistheviewofthe2004reportinthejournalPediatrics'?

5.Ofthedangersineverydaylife,theauthorthinksthatpeoplehavemosttofearfrom（

）.

問題1選項

A.Heavymetalsinlabteststhreatenchildren'shealthinBerkeley.

B.Berkeleyresidentsarequitecontentedwiththeirsurroundings.

C.TheairqualityaroundBerkeley’sschoolcampusesispoor.

D.ParentsinBerkeleyareover-sensitivetocancerriskstheirkidsface.

問題2選項

A.Aheateddebate.

B.Popularsupport.

C.Widespreadpanic.

D.Strongcriticism.

問題3選項

A.Theyfeltverymuchrelieved.

B.Theywerefrightenedbytheevidence.

C.Theydidn'tknowwhotobelieve.

D.Theyweren'tconvincedoftheresults.

問題4選項

A.Itisimportanttoquantifyvariousconcretehazards.

B.Dailyaccidentsposeamoreseriousthreattochildren.

C.Parentsshouldbeawareofchildren'shealthhazards.

D.Attentionshouldbepaidtotoxicchemicalexposure.

問題5選項

A.theuncertain

B.thequantifiable

C.anearthquake

D.unhealthyfood

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】第1題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第一段中SoyoucanimaginethereactionwhenarecentUSATodayinvestigationofairqualityaroundthecanon’sschoolssingledoutthoseinthesmuglygreenvillageofBerkeley,Calif,asbeingamongtheworstinthecountry.（因此，你可以想象，最近《今日美國》對全國學(xué)校周圍空氣質(zhì)量的調(diào)查，將加利福尼亞州的伯克利綠色村莊也列為全國空氣質(zhì)量狀況最差的地區(qū)之中）可知選C。

第2題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第二段第一句中SinceDecember,whenthereportcameout,themayor,neighborhoodactivistsandvariousparent-teacherassociationshaveengagedinafiercebattleoveritsvalidity（自去年12月該報告發(fā)布以來，市長、社區(qū)積極分子和各種家長教師協(xié)會就該報告的有效性展開了激烈的討論）可知選A。

第3題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第二段中Withallsidespresentingtheirownexpertsarmedwithconflictingscientificstudies,whomshouldparentsbelieve?（由于各方都提出了一些支持各自觀點(diǎn)的專家，但這些專家的科學(xué)研究是相互矛盾的，家長應(yīng)該相信誰？）以及后面的一連串提問，可知父母對這些觀點(diǎn)感到困惑，不知道該相信誰，因此選C。

第4題:推理判斷題。由文章最后一段中A2004reportinthejournalPediatricsexplainedthatnervousparentshavemoretofearfromfire,caraccidentsanddrowningthanfromtoxicchemicalexposure.（《兒科雜志》2004年的一份報告解釋說，神經(jīng)緊張的父母對火災(zāi)、車禍和溺水的恐懼比有毒化學(xué)暴露更多）可推測父母對日常容易遇到的事故更擔(dān)心，因此選B。

第5題:推理判斷題。由文章最后一段中There’snowayaroundtheuncertainty...It'sthedangersparentscan’t—andmaynever-quantifythatoccurallofsudden.（無法避免這種不確定性……這是父母無法——也可能永遠(yuǎn)不會量化突然發(fā)生的危險）可推測作者認(rèn)為父母最大的恐懼來源于不確定性，因此選A。

19.單選題

Itgavemeastrangefeelingofexcitementtoseemynamein（

）.

問題1選項

A.news

B.print

C.publication

D.press

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。news意為“新聞，消息”；print意為“印刷業(yè)，印記”；publication意為“出版”；press意為“新聞，出版社”。inprint意為“印出來”。

句意：當(dāng)看到我的名字出現(xiàn)在出版物上時，我有一種奇怪的興奮感。

20.單選題

Inspiteofthe（

）economicforecasts,manufacturingoutputhasrisenslightly.

問題1選項

A.gloomy

B.miserable

C.shadowy

D.obscure

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。gloomy意為“黑暗的，沮喪的，前景黯淡的”；miserable意為“痛苦的，可憐的”；shadowy意為“朦朧的，模糊的”；obscure意為“昏暗的，朦朧的”。句意：盡管經(jīng)濟(jì)預(yù)測不景氣，制造業(yè)產(chǎn)出略有上升。

21.單選題

MoreandmoreeducatorsintheU.S.arelookingforglobalopportunitiestoofferthemthecareerandsalarytheyneedalongwiththe（

）ofbeinganeducator.

問題1選項

A.allusion

B.temptation

C.fulfillment

D.prosperity

【答案】C